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1.
含钙铝铁水解聚合产物的矿物学研究Ⅱ:热分解特性   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
分别以NaOH和Ca(OH)2作为碱化剂,合成了聚合氯化铝铁(PAFCNa,PAFCCa),比较样聚合氯化铝(PACNa,PACCa)、聚合氯化铁(PFCNa,PFCCa),制成低温干燥样进行热分解检测.热重分析证明,PAFCCa中的含水量高,主要是配位水与结晶水.当n(Al)/n(Fe)>5:5后,PAFCCa的含水量平均为42.3%.按Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O分子式计算,钙矾石的结构水(含OH水)含量为43.06%,两者含水量相当接近.TG-DTG热分析结果支持XRD对PAFCCa中存在含Ca3Al2(OH)12柱体的类钙矾石结构体的认定.PAFC-Ca根据其DTG曲线上的125℃和180℃两个脱水速率(肩)峰可以判别其中有无钙矾石结构体,以及相对量的多少.  相似文献   

2.
用X粉晶衍射、红外光谱对以Ca(OH)2为碱化剂合成的含硅聚合氯化铝铁(PAFSCCa)、比较样聚合氯化铝铁(PAFCCa)、及其合成前体聚合氯化铝(PACCa)、聚合氯化铁(PFCCa)的低温干燥样进行了表征。XRD衍射结果显示.PAFSCCa中有Ca-Si-O-Al化合物存在,加热可促进Ca-Si-O-Al化合物的结晶和生长。Si/Al摩尔比在1:1时有利于Ca(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅲ)、Al(Ⅲ)与OH^-之间的共聚,无论是在加热、常温合成条件下,PAFSCCa中均有短程有序而长程无序的Ca(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅲ)、Al(Ⅲ)羟合物大量存在。Ca-Si-O-Al化合物的存在会抑制Ca-O-Fe之间的键合,破坏Fe(Ⅲ)羟合物的结晶,但促进低聚合度Fe(Ⅲ)羟合物的生成。红外光谱证实,PAFSCCa中硅铝之间通过Si-O-Al氧桥的键合程度随Si/Al摩尔比的增加而上升。在Si/Al摩尔比1:1及加热合成条件下,硅铝之间通过Si-O-Al氧桥的键合程度最高。絮凝实验证实PAFSCCa水解形成絮体时,含硅高的样品其絮体更大,絮凝效果好,硅铝共聚物对抑制微絮体再稳定的贡献大。  相似文献   

3.
用付里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)测定了分别以NaOH和Ca(OH)2作为碱化剂合成的聚合氯化铝铁(PAFCNa,PAFCCa)的中红外光谱。结合分子动力学对弗雷德盐的模拟分析,本文解析了PAFCCa的中红外光谱并提出:PAFCCa中2150 cm-1峰为配位于弗雷德盐层间水分子的组合振动模式。PACCa或PAFCCa中1610,1630 cm-1共轭双峰可解释为:弗雷德盐层间结构中分别配位于Al(Ⅲ)与Ca(Ⅱ)的水分子的变形υ-H2O振动。  相似文献   

4.
聚合氯化铝铁中Al(Ⅲ)对Fe(Ⅲ)稳定性的保护作用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对以NaOH为碱化剂合成的聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)及其合成前体聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚合氯化铁(PFC)的低温干燥胶体进行了表征。红外光谱证实PAFC中存在Fe-O-HAl基团;X射线衍射结果证实了PAFC中有着与PAC、PFC不同形态的Al(Ⅲ)、Fe(Ⅲ)羟基配合物,这些Fe-Al羟合异核多核共聚物是长程无序的;扫描电镜能谱分析表明:短程有序的Al-OH-Fe羟合物在Fe(Ⅲ)、Al(Ⅲ)继续水解的过程中与它们一起随机排列,形成长程无序的Fe-Al羟合异核多核共聚物无定形胶体。Al(Ⅲ)对Fe(Ⅲ)的保护作用包括三个方面:Al(Ⅲ)对Fe(Ⅲ)的水解有催化作用,使Fe(Ⅲ)形成更多细微的结晶中心而不是相互聚集生成较大的结晶;大量Al(Ⅲ)的存在使Fe(Ⅲ)羟合物之间的碰撞受到制约,相当于降低了Fe(Ⅲ)的有效浓度,延缓了Fe(Ⅲ)的迅速水解;大量短程有序的Al-OH-Fe羟合物的存在破坏了Al13相及-βFeOOH相的生成环境,有效地保护了Fe(Ⅲ)胶团并使它们在水溶液中的稳定时间大大增加。  相似文献   

5.
Fe3+纳米胶体颗粒的光吸收边蓝移与溶液中Al/Fe比的关系   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2  
合成了n(Al)/n(Fe)和碱化度不同的45个聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)样品,进行了光谱分析,结果显示光吸收边蓝移或红移以及Fe(Ⅲ)羟基氧化物和Al-Fe共聚体纳米胶体颗粒大小分布与溶液的Al/Fe比和碱化度(B=[OH]/[Al+Fe])密切相关。电镜观察和电子衍射分析表明:Al(Ⅲ)的加入使Fe(Ⅲ)羟基氧化物和Al-Fe共聚体纳米胶体颗粒变小、有序度降低是造成PAFE光吸收边蓝移和保持胶体颗粒在亚稳定状态下存在的重要原因。当n(Al)/n(Fe)〉8:2后,PAFC溶液中Fe(Ⅲ)羟基氧化物和Al-Fe共聚体胶体主要以〈10m的纳米颗粒形态存在,对应的光谱能级提高到26000cm^-1以上,且各种曰值下Fe^3+的光谱能级趋于一致。这表明,在大量Al(Ⅲ)存在条件下,PAFE中Fe3^+的所处的化学环境相似。点能谱分析显示,n(Al)/n(Fe)=4:6的样品中颗粒物的化学计量比最接近AlOOH,FeOOH,溶液的稳定性最差。  相似文献   

6.
本文研究的伊利石采自天津蓟县中元古界长城系串岭沟组。EDX数据显示该样品富Fe贫Mg,这与XRD分析一致。其化学分子式为K0.59(Al1.43Fe0.83)(Si3.47Al0.53)4O10(OH)2,为铁伊利石。由高分辨透射电镜H-8100和H-9000获得了奇特的衍射花样。该电子衍射花样是由相互旋转了26°的两个h  相似文献   

7.
氟铁云母是三八面体云母类矿物新种,属铁云母的富氟类似物.利用电子探针、湿法和原子吸收分析等手段并结合穆斯堡尔谱分析的结果,按O+OH+F+Cl=12及四面体阳离子数之和为4计算的氟铁云母经验化学式为:(K0.92Na0.03Rb0.02Ba0.01)0.98(Fe1.822++Fe0.493++Al0.19Mg0.18Li0.18Ti0.08Mn0.05Zn0.02)2.99(Al1.17Si2.83)4.00O10(F1.03OH0.50O0.47)2.00.其理想化学式为:KFe32+AlSi3O10F2.使用粉晶XRD衍射仪,采用毛细管装样和超能探测器相结合收集衍射数据/图谱的微区衍射新方法收集氟铁云母的粉末衍射数据,通过构建晶体结构模型和Rietveld法晶体结构精修并收敛到Rp=2.51%,Rwp=3.19%,Rexp=2.85,X2=1.253完成晶体结构解析.矿物属于单斜晶系1M型,空间群C2/m;晶胞参数:a=0.537 05(4)nm,b=0.929 95(6)nm,c=1.017 35(6)nm;β=100.465(5)°,V=0.499 64(5)nm3;Z=2.  相似文献   

8.
陈英丽  钟辉 《岩矿测试》2007,26(6):465-468
对市场上一种被称为“红绿宝”的玉石饰品进行常规宝石学鉴定、显微镜下鉴定,并采用激光拉曼光谱、红外溴化钾压片吸收光谱、X射线粉晶衍射等分析技术,对其绿色、黑绿色及红色部分的矿物成分、结构构造特征进行全面的分析鉴定。结果表明,该玉石呈粒状结构,参差状断口,结构疏松。绿色部分折射率1.70(点测),为黝帘石Ca2Al2(Al0.9Fe0.1)(SiO4)3(OH);黑绿色部分折射率1.65(点测),为镁钠闪石NaCa2(Mg,Fe)4Al(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2;红色部分为刚玉(红宝石)Al2O3。  相似文献   

9.
我国北方两种高岭石的电子顺磁共振研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4  
何宏平  郭九皋 《矿物学报》1994,14(3):265-269
笔者对我国北方两种不同类型的高岭石进行了化学分析、差热和热重分析、X射线衍射、红外吸收光谱及电子顺磁共振等研究。结果表明,在酸性还原条件下形成的高岭石中,铁主要以Fe2+的形式置换结构中的Al3+,同时也有部分铁以亚铁化合物形式存在;在氧化条件下形成的高岭石中,铁主要以Fe3+形式存在于晶体结构和杂质铁氧化合物中,也有部分以Fe2+置换Al3+形式存在。  相似文献   

10.
用透射电镜、扫描电镜、热分析及矿物谱学等手段对含钙铝铁水解聚合产物(含微量硅)合成初期样品及其陈化9年后样品组成物相的形态演化进行了观察对比研究。结果表明,含钙铝铁溶液合成初期迅速形成类钙矾石双羟合结构体,其结构中部分Al3+被Fe3+取代、SO42-阴离子被Cl-离子替代,无定形的铝铁共聚物、铝硅共聚物和多种铝、铁、钙氢氧化物(氧化物)微晶竞争存在。缺氧条件下铝铁水解产物的演化由于氯、钙离子的存在而与文献的报道有所不同。陈化改变了含钙聚合铝(铁)溶液中的长程有序结构。其中的类钙矾石双羟合结构体在高Cl-、低pH环境下长期陈化过程经历了溶解-再结晶作用。大量的铁微晶相溶解形成富铝水羟合铁(ferrihydrite)胶体结构,Cl-与Ca2+以键合或共沉淀方式进入富铝水羟合铁(ferrihydrite)相。富铝水羟合铁(ferrihydrite)胶体最终的结晶相还是β-FeOOH。  相似文献   

11.
Tsavorite green colored by Cr3+/V3+ has been traditionally found and mined in Tanzania, Kenya and Madagascar in the Neoproterozoic Mozambique metamorphic belt (NMMB), and recently be found in Sanjiang, Litang, Sichuan, China. The differences of the chemical formula, spectroscopic features, as well as the concentrations of the V2O3 and Cr2O3 in the tsavorite crystals collected from major international deposits and Sanjiang, China have been investigated using EPMA, XRF, UV-VIS spectrometers, FTIR, Raman scattering microscopy, DiamondView TM techniques. It was found that the chemical formulas of African tsavorite and Chinese tsavorite are Ca3(Al,V)2[SiO4]3 and Ca3(Al,Cr)2[SiO4]3, respectively, indicating that tsavorite is a solid solution between dominant grossular and minor goldmanite and uvarovite. Two broad bands centered at 430 nm and 605 nm were the main absorption features in the tsavorite samples, which attribute to the absorption of Cr3+ and/or V3+ ions in the lattice. The green coloration is caused by Cr3+ and/or V3+ ions resulting in the absorption of purple and red components of the visible light. Absorptions caused of Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions could add the bluish color component in some of tsavorite samples. The intensity of green color is proportional to the concentrations of V2O3 and Cr2O3. The basic gemological properties, such as refractive index in the investigated samples were presented, and the definition and chemical and spectroscopic properties of tsavorite are discussed.  相似文献   

12.
This study focuses on the nature of giant micas occurring at the contact between the ?zvatan (foid-bearing) syenites and the metamorphic basement in Central Anatolia. The studied micas are dark greenish-black in color and crystallized within vein shape like bodies as a narrow lens. The origin and processes responsible for the formation of these independent crystals of the giant micas were investigated by mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical analyses with the use of Confocal Raman Spectroscopy (CRS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Polarized Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (PED-XRF) and Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA). According to XRD, CRS, FTIR and EPMA data, the giant micas are phlogopite. EPMA results reveal that studied mica minerals represent the products of re-equilibrated primary mica characterized by high MgO and FeO and low Al2O3 and TiO2 contents. The trace element concentrations of the giant micas display similar patterns with the upper crust. The giant micas are crystallized within small cubicles from an alkaline magma and their composition is possibly modified by a mixing event between the crust- and mantle-derived magmas and contaminated at varying extent by the basement metamorphic rocks.  相似文献   

13.
Magneticmineralsintheloess paleosolseriesaccountforabout 1 % -2 %ofthetotal (LiuTungshengandZhangZhonghu ,1 962 ) .Duetotheiraerolianorigin ,themagneticmineralsarecomplicatedincomposition ,largeingrainsizerange ,andsignificantlydifferentincrystallinity .Asaresult,researchonthesemagneticmineralswouldbesetwithalotofdifficulties.Previousre searchersemployedopticalmicroscopic ,X raydiffractionandM ssbauerspectrometrictechniquestostudythemagneticmineralsintheloess paleosolseries,andchieflyontheb…  相似文献   

14.
Health hazards from heavy metal pollution in water systems are a global environmental problem. Of similar concern is sludge that results from wastewater treatment due to unsatisfactory sludge management technology. Therefore, the effectiveness of using Mg–Al-layered double hydroxide in the removal of heavy metals from mine wastewater was tested and compared with that of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], which is a common treatment method for heavy metal removal. Initially, the mine wastewater contained cations of the heavy metals iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb). The Mg–Al-layered double hydroxides were able to remove 371, 7.2, 121, and 0.4 mg/L of these pollutants, respectively, using the co-precipitation method. The removal of these metals is most effective using 0.5 g Mg–Al-layered double hydroxide (Mg/Al molar ratio 4) and 20 min of shaking. Zn was removed by the formation of Zn(NO3)(OH)·H2O and Zn5(NO3)2(OH)8 when LDH, Mg/Al molar ratios of 4 and 2, respectively, were used. Similarly, Fe, Cu, and Pb were removed by the formation of Fe–Al-layered double hydroxide, Cu2(OH)3·NO3 and Pb4(OH)4(NO3)4, respectively. While Ca(OH)2 is also capable of reducing the heavy metal concentrations below the Japanese recommended values, this analysis shows that using 0.5 g Mg–Al-layered double hydroxide is a better treatment condition for mine wastewater, because it generates lower sludge volumes than 0.1 g of Ca(OH)2. The measured sludge volume was 1.5 mL for Mg–Al-layered double hydroxide and 2.5 mL for Ca(OH)2, a nearly twofold further reduction.  相似文献   

15.
四川软玉猫眼的谱学综合鉴定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、电子探针波谱以及X射线粉晶衍射谱对四川软玉猫眼进行谱学研究。结果表明软玉猫眼主要由透闪石组成。计算所得的平均化学式为:(Ca1.96Na0.02)(Mg4.52Fe0.59Mn0.03)5.14[(Si7.92Al0.04)7.96O23]。其红外吸收频率主要出现在940 cm^-1-1105 cm^-1、650 cm^-1-760 cm^-1和450 cm^-1-510 cm^-1范围内。3600cm^-1-3800 cm^-1范围内OH基伸缩振动拉曼谱带分裂,并向低波数方向位移,主要与Mg^2+和Fe^2+的含量有关。  相似文献   

16.
Mineralogy and Petrology - Fe-rich prehnite, Ca2(Al,Fe)(AlSi3)O10(OH)2, in a hydrothermally altered dolerite sill from Mitsu, Shimane Peninsula, Japan, was studied using 57Fe Mössbauer...  相似文献   

17.
星叶石族矿物的晶体化学   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
星叶石是碱性岩中分布较广泛的副矿物,成分富含碱金属K、Na及Ti,随其产出的地球化学条件,类质同象代换情况较复杂,形成许多成分异种。本工作之前对其组成和性质都不十分清楚,前人虽进行了一般矿物学研究,但未能确定所属晶系,B.C.索波列夫曾推断星叶石中Ti呈四面体配位,并与硅氧四面体组成复杂构造。  相似文献   

18.
丁阳  薛纪越 《地质论评》1997,43(4):415-419
新近在我国山西省娄烦县尖山铁矿的角闪片岩中发现一种取向连生的镁铁质闪石与钙质闪石共存对。电子探针分析确定它们分别为铁闪石K0.001(Na0.027Ca0.073Mn0.031Fe^2+1.801)1.932(Fe^2+2.948Mg1.964Ti0.002Al0.087)5Si8.069O22.10(OH)2与铁韭闪石(K0.135Na0.461)0.596(Na0.088Ca1.853Mn0.  相似文献   

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