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贵州威宁阳关寨勘查区位于格目底向斜南西翼的西段,主要含煤地层为宣威组。勘查区西南部岩层较陡,倾角60。以上,特别是ZK102、ZK202、ZK302钻孔岩层倾角超过80°。如按常规垂直井设计,钻孔深度超过1400m,施工难度大。在分析勘查区绳索取心直井钻进困难和定向钻进优点基础上,对小口径绳索取心定向钻进技术可行性进行分析后认为：如把钻孔轨迹的曲率控制在10°／100m以内、增大曲率半径减小最大井斜、配备适合的定向仪器、增购高强度钻具,将定向钻井技术与绳索取心工艺相结合的方案是可行的。并以ZK202为例,介绍了定向孔井身轨迹的设计、钻进技术参数的选择、冲洗液的要求、造斜段措施等。钻探实践表明,采用绳索取心定向钻进技术在该区共施工3个钻孔,与原直井设计比较,减少钻探工程量2000余米,节约勘探成本约150万元,同时缩短工期约3个月,且控制目标煤层精确,完全达到地质设计目的。通过本次施工,为类似地层钻进积累了丰富的实践经验。 相似文献
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从钻孔结构、钻探器具、钻头选择、钻进工艺及泥浆技术等方面介绍了重庆秀山鱼泉矿区钒锰矿普查中终孔深度为124357 m的ZK0808孔的钻探施工技术。 相似文献
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反循环钻进对地下水和松散地层有较大的抽吸力，易诱发孔壁坍塌，在松散地层中钻进极少采用。在ZK403孔的松散层中，采用了反循环钻进与多级套管跟管相结合的施工技术，钻孔顺利地穿过了大量涌水、松散而不稳定的采空区堆积层，较好地解决了该孔在松散层中的钻进问题。 相似文献
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小秦岭金矿田2000m深孔钻探技术 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文以小秦岭金矿田深部探矿项目ZK8302为背景,从钻孔结构、钻探设备(钻机、泥浆泵、钻具组合及钻头等)优选、深孔钻进规程参数、冲洗液和新技术新机具等方面对钻探技术进行了介绍。该钻孔积极探索了绳索取心液动潜孔锤技术,同时采用绳索取心钻杆液压钳、塔上塔下视频监控和多个起钻接头等新技术,大大降低工人的劳动强度,提高了钻探效率。该钻孔实现了河南省小口径岩心钻探金矿勘查孔深2000 m的突破,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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四川叙永河坝煤田勘探中,多数钻孔岩层倾角在75°以上,部分钻孔岩层倾角甚至达到89,°给勘探工作带来了极大的困难。针对这一情况,采用全套单点照相定向钻进专用设备,通过认真设计,精心施工,所有试验钻孔在仪器的监控下顺利进入煤层,取得了预期的效果。结合ZK69-22孔的施工,阐述了煤田勘探在急倾斜岩层中遇到的困难和解决措施,介绍了单点照相定向钻进技术在煤田勘探中的成功应用。 相似文献
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钻孔抽采瓦斯是治理瓦斯最直接有效的手段。根据煤矿井下本煤层定向钻进技术原理,提出一种适用于中硬煤层定向长钻孔的高效钻进工艺,该工艺是将复合钻进技术与煤矿井下定向钻进技术相结合实现定向长钻孔高效钻进的一种钻进方法。通过现场试验证明,该方法能使钻孔孔壁平滑,防止憋泵、卡钻,减少事故处理时间,提高钻孔成功率和钻进效率。经分析,使用该技术后,与常规定向钻进相比,平均机械钻速提高了26.8%,该技术为今后煤矿井下定向钻进技术的推广提供了新思路。 相似文献
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云南省巧家县东坪铅锌矿床大地构造位置处于扬子地台西南缘,是滇东北地区一个典型的铅锌矿床。矿体赋存于震旦系灯影组白云岩中,呈脉状、似层状,并受断裂构造和Si/Ca面控制,矿石矿物以方铅矿、闪锌矿为主,近矿围岩蚀变有硅化、白云石化、黄铁矿化。硫、铅同位素分析显示,成矿流体的硫源主要是赋矿地层中的海水硫酸盐经热化学还原作用而成,铅来自壳源。岩石原生晕特征显示：成矿过程具有多阶段叠加,早期成矿作用以铅为主,并有微弱的锌矿化,而后受铅矿化强烈的叠加改造作用;钻孔S5ZK001→ZK001→S4ZK001近矿晕元素Pb、Zn组分从南西到北东向呈由浅部到深部的分布规律;钻孔ZK001→ZK701-1→ZK1701→ZK3901亦为由浅部到深部的分布规律;以ZK001为中心,向南东、北东矿体埋深加大,在北东部（S4ZK001）及南东部（ZK3901）深部还具有一定的找矿潜力。 相似文献
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“寨背式”离子吸附型稀土矿床多类型稀土矿化及其成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赣南寨背离子吸附型稀土矿床产于寨背复式花岗岩体的风化壳中,自20世纪80年代发现以来一直以轻稀土型开采,近年在轻稀土型花岗岩风化壳中发现了重稀土矿。为了探讨轻稀土型花岗岩风化过程中重稀土元素的迁移、分馏和富集机制,本文选择了区内三个具有代表性的风化壳钻孔(ZK1、ZK2和ZK4)对其进行了全相和离子交换相稀土元素地球化学研究。结果显示：钻孔ZK4中离子交换相稀土含量介于14.90×10-6～835.8×10-6之间,并富集轻稀土(LREE/HREE=2.28～10.78);钻孔ZK1中离子交换相稀土含量达1470×10-6(9件样品均值),具有从轻稀土型向重稀土型过渡的配分特征(LREE/HREE=1.30～1.65),并且剖面自上而下显示轻、重稀土逐渐富集的趋势;钻孔ZK2中离子交换相稀土含量为492.4×10-6(8件样品均值),自上而下稀土配分类型从轻稀土型过渡至重稀土型(LREE/HREE=0.43～2.25),且轻稀土富集在全风化层上部而重稀土则富集在下部。三个钻孔的Nb/Ta和Zr/Hf... 相似文献
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对黄河三角洲ZK1孔粒度、岩性、微体古生物组合和14C年代进行了分析,探讨了研究区晚第四纪以来的沉积层序演化历史及其古环境意义。黄河三角洲的ZK1孔共发育三个海侵层,自下而上为深海氧同位素3期（MIS3）的第Ⅲ海侵层和第Ⅱ海侵层以及氧同位素1期（MIS1）的第Ⅰ海侵层,指示自氧同位素4期（MIS4）以来研究区共发生三次主要海平面波动。这三次海平面波动分别对应于渤海海侵、献县海侵和黄骅海侵。根据沉积记录信息,ZK1孔可分辨第Ⅰ海侵层的河口三角洲相（5.63~14.04 m）和滨岸浅海相（14.04~20.62 m）,第Ⅱ海侵层的滨岸浅海相（39.52~49.57 m）和河口三角洲相（49.57~ 51.52 m）,第Ⅲ海侵层的滨岸浅海相（76.00~83.63 m）和潮滩相（83.63~92.70 m）,均以特征的微体古生物组合和沉积相为标志。结合前人研究,阐明了本区自晚第四纪以来的海平面变化及沉积环境演变历史。 相似文献
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The role of chloride ions in metal sulfides leaching has been well established by researchers, the complexation of chloride ions was considered to be the main effect of chloride ions. In this work, the complexation of chloride ions was neglected by addition of EDTA, a strong complexing agent. In this way, further study was conducted on the effect of chloride ions. The increase of chloride ions concentration from 0 to 2 mol/L, decreased the open circuit potential of pyrite from 264 to 91 mV. Unless otherwise stated, all potentials in this paper are based on the potential of saturated calomel electrode. At 600 mV, the increase of chloride ions concentration acceleraed pyrite oxidation; at 800 and 1000 mV, however, the increase of chloride ions concentration lowered pyrite oxidation rate, and the proportion of elemental sulfur was also decreased with increasing chloride ions concentration; when chloride ions concentration increased from 0 to 2 mol/L, the proportion of elemental sulfur decreased from 32% to 28.4% at 800 mV, and 7.1% to 2.4% at 1000 inV. 相似文献
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Ismail Hossain Krisna Kanta Roy Pradip Kumar Biswas Mahbubul Alam Md. Moniruzzaman Farah Deeba 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(4):336-350
The present research deals with the geochemical characteristics of the Holocene sediments from Alamdanga area, Chuadanga district, Bangladesh. Main goals of the study are to delineate source rock characteristics, degree of chemical weathering and sorting processes and behavior of redox conditions during deposition of the sediments. Geochemical characteristics of the sediments show comparatively a wide variation in accordance with stratigraphy in their major element contents （e.g. SiO2 69.46-82.13, A1203 2.28-8.88 in wt%）, reflecting the distinctive provenance and in part an unstable period in terms of tectonic activity. Geochemical classification of the sediments shows mostly sub-arkose with few sub-litharenites. Some major and trace elements display comprehensible correlation with A1203 confirming their possible hydraulic fraetionation. The chemical index of alteration （CIA＊）, W＊ index, index of compositional variability （ICV）, plagioclase index of alteration （PIA＊） values and the ratio of SIO2/Al2O3, suggest low degrees of chemical weathering in the source areas as well as immature to moderately mature the sediments. The sediments suggest semi-arid climatic trends within oxic deltaic depositional conditions during the Holocene, at 3-12 ka. Whole rock geochemistry and discrimination diagrams demonstrate the continental signature derivatives, which might have been derived from the felsic to intermediate igneous rocks （granitic plutonic rocks） as well as from quartzose sedimentary/metamorphic provenance. These typical sources are present in a vast region of the Himalayan belt and catchment areas of Ganges. The tectonic setting of the sediments demarcates typically passive margin with slightly continental arc system. 相似文献
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Qian Yuan Xiaofeng Cao Xinbiao Lü Xiangdong Wang Enlin Yang Yuegao Liu Banxiao Ruan Hong Liu Mohammed Abdalla Adama Munir 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(3):207-220
Kuruqtagh block is the best area for Precambrian geology in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, NW China, since it exposed complete Precambrian lithology units. The study of this ancient base will deepen the understanding of the Precambrian evolution of the Tarim Basin. In this paper, we studied the petrology, geochemistry, zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb chronology and zircon Hf isotope of Daxigou anorthosite （DA） which is located at the northem margin of Tarim craton and discussed the rock formation, tectonic and geological significance. Zircons from the intrusions display oscillatory zoning and high Th/U ratios （0.39-1.35）, implying their magmatic origin. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating results indicate that they formed during the Paleoproterozoic age with the weighted 2~6pb/238U average age of 1818~9 Ma, which is significantly different from former＇s Neoproterozoic age, and is co- incidentally identical with its associated syenite granite age within the error range. Studies on petrogeochemistry suggest that DA belongs to medium-sodium peraluminous alkaline type, rich in Pb, La, Th and LILE, and poor in HFSE （Gd, Nd, and Ta）. The chondrite-normalized REE pattern is slightly to the right form. The average Y~REE is 317.2~ 10-6; HREE show moderate fractionation [average LREE/HREE is 14.71, average （La/Yb）N is 24.77; average （LaJSm）N is 3.85, and average （Gd/Yb）y is 3.46]; and the 6Eu and 8Ce are not obvious. Their initial Hf isotope ratios and Hf two-stage model ages range from -6.6 to -4.43 and 2.63 to 2.74 Ga, respectively. Taken together, it is sug- gested that Daxigou anorthosite is a typical volcanic anorthosite and its primary magma could be contaminated by the partial melt Neoarchaean crust and mainly formed in the arc environment, which recoded the tectonic-magma activities response of the Tarim refers to the amalgamation of the supercontinent Columbia. 相似文献
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The Ni-Cu-platinum group element sulfide ore deposits of the Kharaelakh Intrusion,Noril′sk Region,Siberia,represent a large concentration of sulfides associated with a small differentiated intrusion formed at the edge of the Siberian Craton in the roots of the Siberian Trap flood basalt.The deposit is associated with an intrusion that occupies a flanking periclinal structure adjacent to the Noril′sk-Kharaelakh Fault.The intrusion is strongly differentiated and comprises taxitic gabbrodolerites,picritic gabbrodolerites,and gabbrodolerites within the main body which in turn forms a chonolith within a sheet-like intrusion that extends laterally to form extensive undifferentiated sills of gabbrodolerite.The intrusion substantially replaces the stratigraphy of the country rocks,and although it appears to have exploited the axis of structures developed in response to transtension,the intrusion has created space by both mechanical dilation of stratigraphy and magmatic replacement of pre-existing sedimentary rocks.The frontal lobes of the main intrusion have complex apophyses of gabrodolerite on a range of scales that demonstrate replacement of the sedimentary rocks and link to the development of an extensive metamorphic halo in the country rocks.This halo is much narrower over the main body of the intrusion,and these observations have implications for the thermal history of the intrusion.Mg-skarns and breccias are developed in the roof of the main body of the intrusion.Within the intrusion,the taxitic rocks contain vesicles and the blebby sulfides developed in the picritic and taxitic gabbrodolerites appear to have a linkage to volatile phases.Cuprous sulfide mineralization developed at the roof of the Kharaelakh Intrusion is associated with metamorphosed and skarn-bearing country rocks,and appears to have been generated by a combination of sulfide fractionation and associated metasomatism.The geological relationships appear consistent with a chonolith model for the development of the differentiated intrusion and mineralization,but the extent of metasmorphism of the country rocks appears to be related to the unusual thickness of gabbrodolerite apophyses at the flanks of the intrusion rather than metamorphism produced by the passage of mafic magma through the intrusion.Variations in disseminated sulfide compositions and metasomatic textures in the skarns are described,and a model is proposed which balances traditional views on the evolution of the magma conduits with the impact of magmatic fluids transported through the magma column(i.e.transmagmatic fluids).The importance of structures in controlling the nature of the conduit,and the resultant small intrusions with excess sulfide is a feature of many other Ni-Cu sulfide deposits including Voisey′s Bay,and it is suggested that the sulfides are more likely to have beentransported from depth into their final resting place rather than developed by in-situ equilibration of sulfide with fresh magma in the chonolith. 相似文献
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介绍了甘肃文县阳山矿区泡沫冲洗液和HJ-YS系列冲洗液的研制与应用。以42线ZK706孔和51线ZK3002、ZK3016、ZKN3084、ZK0204钻孔为例,首先介绍了泡沫冲洗液在孔壁失稳地层的应用效果;其次介绍了低固相植物胶HJ-YS系列冲洗液对破碎强烈、多溶洞、易漏失、水敏性强、采心困难的复杂地层所具有的良好的润滑减阻和护壁堵漏效果。 相似文献
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The present study investigates the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater quality in Agas- theeswaram taluk of Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 69 groundwater samples were collected during pre- and post-monsoon periods of 2011-2012. The groundwater quality assessment has been carried out by evaluating the physicochemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, HCO3, Cl, SO42-, Ca2＋, Mg2＋, Na＋ and K＋ for both the seasons. Based on these parameters, groundwater has been assessed in favor of its suitability for drinking and irrigation purpose. Dominant cations for both the seasons are in the order of Na＋〉 Ca2＋〉 Mg2＋ 〉 K＋ while the dominant anions for post monsoon and pre monsoon have the trends of CI 〉 HCO3 〉 SO42- and HCO3- 〉 CI 〉 SO42-, respectively. Analytical results observed from various indices reveal that the groundwater quality is fairly good in some places. Analytical results of few samples show that they are severely polluted and incidentally found to be near the coasts, estuaries and salt pans in the study area. The Gibbs plot indicates that the majority of groundwater samples fall in rock dominant region, which indicates rock water interaction in the study area. The United States salinity （USSL） diagram shows that the groundwater is free from sodium hazards but the salinity hazard varies from low to very high throughout the study area. This reveals that the groundwater is moderately suitable for agricultural activities. The observed chemical variations in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons may be the effect to rock-water interactions, ion-exchange reactions, and runoff of fertilizers from the surrounding agricultural lands. 相似文献