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班公湖-怒江结合带中段上三叠统确哈拉群与下伏岩系角度不整合关系的发现及意义 总被引：9，自引：9，他引：9
在位于班公湖-怒江结合带中段的西藏班戈县白拉乡拉纳沟一带，首次发现上三叠统确哈拉群与下伏岩系呈角度不整合接触。该接触关系的发现，证实在班公湖-怒江结合带内有古特提斯蛇绿岩的存在，说明以班公湖-怒江结合带为代表的新特提斯域是在古特提斯域基础上继承和发展起来的。 相似文献
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班戈县幅地质调查新成果及主要进展 总被引：3，自引：5，他引：3
通过野外剖面调查，发现本区上侏罗统-下白垩统沙木罗组角度不整合于木嘎岗日岩群之上，从而为确定班公湖-怒江结合带中段的封闭时代提供了确切的地层学依据。将东巧和切里湖一带发育的“面状蛇绿岩”区划分为4个蛇绿岩亚带，其中北拉-觉翁亚带是发育相对完整、原始状态保存较好的蛇绿岩。对测区火山岩和侵入岩调查后认为，班公湖-怒江结合带中段开始裂解的时代为晚三叠世，并且是向南俯冲消减的。 相似文献
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西藏的地质工作程度较低,金矿资料甚少,这对较系统地、深入地研究区内金矿特征和成矿规律造成一定困难。尽管如此,已有的资料已显示出金矿是西藏极具潜力的一个矿种,尤其是冈底斯构造岩浆带、雅鲁藏布江结合带及班公湖-怒江结合带两侧已被大多数高原地质工作者认同为金和?.. 相似文献
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青藏高原班公湖-怒江结合带中段那曲县觉翁地区发现完整的蛇绿岩剖面 总被引：7，自引：7，他引：7
在位于班公湖-怒江结合带中段的那曲县觉翁地区首次发现较完整的蛇绿岩剖面，由下到上见有变质橄榄岩、辉橄岩、堆晶岩、块状辉长岩、岩墙群、碳酸盐岩、枕状熔岩、放射虫硅质岩等，被晚白垩世竟柱山组角度不整合覆盖，在堆晶岩中获同位素年龄值128Ma，从而证实蛇绿岩的时代为早白垩世。这一发现填补了班公湖-怒江结合带中段无完整蛇绿岩剖面的空白，并证实除侏罗纪蛇绿岩外还存在白垩纪蛇绿岩，为班公湖-怒江结合带中段最终闭合时间的确定提供了依据。 相似文献
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In the mining district of Plombières-La Calamine (East Belgium), extensive Pb–Zn mining activities resulted in an important contamination of overbank sediments along the Geul river. Moreover, a huge amount of heavy metals is stored in a dredged mine pond tailing, which is located along the river. In the dredged mine pond tailing sediments, Pb–Zn minerals control the solubility of Zn, Pb and Cd. Although Pb, Zn and Cd display a lower solubility in overbank sediments compared to the mine tailing pond sediments, elevated concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd are still found in the porewater of the overbank sediments. The considerable ‘actual’ and ‘potential’ mobility of Zn, Pb and Cd indicates that the mine pond tailing sediments and the overbank sediments downstream from the mine pond tailing represent a considerable threat for the environment. Besides the chemical remobilisation of metals from the sediments, the erosion of overbank sediments and the reworking of riverbed sediments act as a secondary source of pollution. 相似文献
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Mercury distribution was examined in the sediments of Lake Baikal that were sampled within the scope of the Baikal Drilling International Project in 1996–1999. The Hg concentrations in the ancient sediments are close to those in the modern sediments with the exception of a few peak values, whose ages coincide with those of active volcanism in adjacent areas. Mercury was demonstrated to be contained in the sediments in the adsorbed Hg0 mode, predominantly in relation with organic matter. When the organic matter of the bottom sediments is decomposed in the course of lithification, Hg is retained in the sediments adsorbed on the residual organic matter, and the concentration of this element corresponds to its initial content in the bottom sediments during their accumulation. Mercury concentrations in lithologically distinct bottom sediments of Lake Baikal and its sediments as a whole depend on the climate. Sediments that were formed during warm periods of time contain more Hg than those produced during cold periods or glaciation. Periodical variations in the Hg concentrations in the bottom sediments of Lake Baikal reflect the variations in the contents of this element in the Earth’s atmosphere in the Late Cenozoic, which were, in turn, controlled by the climatic variations on the planet and, thus, can be used for detailed reconstructions of variations in the average global temperature near the planet’s surface. 相似文献
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长江与黄河河口沉积物磁性特征对比的初步研究 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
根据2001年8月和9月分别采自黄河与长江河口沉积物样品的磁性测量和粒度分析,探讨长江和黄河河口沉积物的磁性特征及其差异。长江河口沉积物中亚铁磁性物质的含量高于黄河口,但长江口与黄河口沉积物中都是亚铁磁性矿物主导了样品磁性特征,亚铁磁性矿物晶粒都以假单畴-多畴为主。相比黄河口沉积物,长江口沉积物不完整反铁磁性物质对磁性特征的的贡献较小。长江与黄河河口的这种磁性特征主要反映了不同的沉积物来源的控制影响。此外,无论是长江口还是黄河口沉积物,磁性参数χARM、χfd%与沉积物细粒级组分存在显著的相关性,表明这两个参数作为粒度的代用指标具有普遍性。 相似文献
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Mitsugu Nishimura 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1978,42(4):349-357
Detailed geochemical analyses of the high reduction zone in Lake Suwa sediments suggested that the stenol to stanol conversion rate in this zone is primarily controlled by the proportion of autochthonous contribution to organic matter and the redox potential in these sediments, and that land-derived stenols were kept insensitive to hydrogenation in lacustrine sediments as compared with those derived from plankton. These results indicate that stanols derived directly from organisms on land may contribute significantly to stanols found in lacustrine sediments which contain minor proportions of autochthonous organic materials.In order to express the relative autochthonous vs terrigenous contribution to organic matter in lacustrine sediments, the autochthonous contribution index (ACI) was defined based on the characteristic distribution of sterol in plankton and land plants. It systematically increased from river inlet towards lake center and correlated closely with the δ13C value in same sediments. This strongly indicates that ACI is a useful indicator providing informatiom on autochthonous vs terrigenous contribution to the organic material in lacustrine sediments. 相似文献
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Marcin Słowik Tadeusz Sobczyński Zygmunt Młynarczyk 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,59(5):957-966
Research concerning chemical constitution of alluvial sediments was done in the lower course of the Obra river (Western Poland).
The fragment of vertical profile, which consisted of various alluvial sediments (fine sands, peats, and sandy silts) was chosen
for detailed analysis. The main research problem was to determine if lithology and chemical constitution of alluvial deposits
are interconnected in a distinct way within studied section of the Obra river valley, and, if changes of chemical elements’
concentration could be used to illustrate depositional processes, which take place in riverbed and floodplain. Concentrations
of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg, and K were determined in collected sediment samples. Next, geochemical groups of alluvial sediments
were distinguished using cluster analysis. Investigated changes of chemical elements’ concentration show that there is a distinct
border between the environment of organic sediments, which marks the place of former functioning of the Obra riverbed, and
sandy silts, which were deposited within floodplain during floods. Besides, floodplain sediments, riverbed sediments, and
reductive environment within peat deposits were singled out on the basis of the analysis. 相似文献
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针对准噶尔盆地南缘中、上侏罗统沉积体系演化控制因素不清、沉积模式不明等问题,通过对多条露头剖面精细解剖、详尽写实沉积特征描述等手段,分析了其垂向序列、砂体叠置方式、水动力条件、沉积体系演化及控制因素。研究表明准南中、上侏罗统自下而上分别发育辫状河沉积、曲流河沉积和扇三角洲沉积,古气候与构造造成的水动力条件的变化是控制这种沉积演化的主要因素。其中头屯河组底部发育辫状河沉积,古气候温暖湿润,形成堆叠型砂体叠置方式;中部发育辫-曲转换沉积,古气候开始初步干旱,形成紧密叠置型砂体;上部发育曲流河沉积,降雨量较少古气候干旱,形成孤立河道型砂体。齐古组发育季节性曲流河沉积,古气候较为干旱,在湿润期降雨量较充足时发育侧向迁移型砂体,干旱期则发育侧向连片型砂体。喀拉扎组发育扇三角洲沉积,古气候整体炎热干旱,构造活动剧烈,碎屑水道在扇三角洲平原构成垂向切割型砂体,而前缘水下分流河道则构成侧向切割型砂体。 相似文献
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LI Jiangang YUAN Sihu LIU Yongjiang LIU Xiaoyan BAI Xiangdong JIANG Jiyi LI Ying ZHAO Zhenhong 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(5):1219-1227
The Quaternary sediments in the Yili Basin can serve as archives for studying the Cenozoic basin–mountain relationship. In this study, based on typical natural sections and boreholes, the surficial sediments of the Huocheng area were studied, and their sedimentary ages were obtained using the optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) and electron spin resonance(ESR) dating methods. These dates, combined with changes in the sedimentary facies, provided details of the neotectonic movement in the Yili Basin and adjacent areas. By dating sediments from five sections and three boreholes, we determined that the surficial sediments of the Huocheng area were mainly formed in the Late Pleistocene, with scattered instances of Holocene sediments. The surficial sediments mainly consisted of alluvial fan facies, fluvial facies, lacustrine facies, and desert facies. Based on the activity on the Hongshanzui fault and the northern margin fault of the Wusun Mountains, the Huocheng area was uplifted synchronously with the Tianshan Mountains during the last stage of the Late Pleistocene, causing the desert facies sediments to be superimposed on the former paleo–lake sediments. 相似文献
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Textural and Geochemical Characteristics of Proglacial Sediments: A Case Study in the Foreland of the Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LIU Xiaodong SUN Liguang YIN XuebinInstitute of Polar Environment University of Science Technology of Chin Hefei Anhui 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(4):970-981
This paper presents a detailed study on the textural and geochemical characteristics of the proglacial sediments near the edge of modern Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica. The grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are characteristic of glacigenic deposits, but very different from those of aeolian and lacustrine sediments. Moreover, the grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are fractal with a dimension of about 2.9, and the fractal dimensions can be used as another summary statistical parameter for quantifying the relative amounts of coarse and fine materials. Correlations between the absolute element abundances of the proglacial sediments are very weak due to mineral partitioning and other effects of glacial processes, but correlations between the element/Rb ratios are statistically significant. This finding indicates that element/Rb ratios can be used to reduce or eliminate the effects of glacial processes, evaluate geochemical data and determine the sediment provenance in the for 相似文献
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Salman Bloch 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1980,44(2):373-377
Low-temperature alteration of the oceanic crust is a major sink for the U supplied to the oceans and may account for about 50% of the estimated present-day input of this element. Uranium uptake by organic-rich sediments and coexisting phosphorites on continental margins is also important and may remove in excess of 10% of the total supply. High-temperature alteration of oceanic basalts, metalliferous sediments, carbonate sediments, and sediments in anoxic basins deeper than 200 m play a relatively minor role in the removal of U. Each of these sinks is responsible for the uptake of less than 5% of the overall input. 相似文献