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放射虫硅质岩为蛇绿岩的上覆沉积盖层,其地球化学特征可以帮助探讨蛇绿岩的形成环境和沉积盆地的构造-古地理演化。对狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带西段古昌蛇绿岩中的硅质岩进行了详细的地球化学分析,并与拉果错和果芒错硅质岩进行了对比研究,以探讨它们的成因及沉积环境。古昌硅质岩SiO2含量较低,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值为0.87~0.95,为非热液成因硅质岩,稀土配分模式整体为轻稀土略亏损的左倾曲线,具有明显的负Eu异常,基本无Ce异常,Y/Ho比值为21~24,Ti/V比值为220.67~862.02,V/Y比值为0.05~0.29,沉积于大陆边缘环境。对比分析发现,拉果错硅质岩具有与古昌硅质岩相似的特征,而果芒错硅质岩显示了一定大洋盆地硅质岩的特征,并且受到轻微热液作用影响,可能形成于一个更加成熟开阔的洋盆之中。综合蛇绿岩其他端员的研究成果,狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带中西段可能代表了一个靠近大陆边缘的古洋盆,东部果芒错地区发育较为开阔,往西洋盆规模逐渐变小。 相似文献
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《地学前缘》2020,(3)
放射虫硅质岩为蛇绿岩的上覆沉积盖层,其地球化学特征可以帮助探讨蛇绿岩的形成环境和沉积盆地的构造一古地理演化。对狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带西段古昌蛇绿岩中的硅质岩进行了详细的地球化学分析,并与拉果错和果芒错硅质岩进行了对比研究,以探讨它们的成因及沉积环境。古昌硅质岩SiO_2含量较低,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值为0.87～0.95,为非热液成因硅质岩,稀土配分模式整体为轻稀土略亏损的左倾曲线,具有明显的负Eu异常,基本无Ce异常,Y/Ho比值为21～24,Ti/V比值为220.67～862.02,V/Y比值为0.05～0.29,沉积于大陆边缘环境。对比分析发现,拉果错硅质岩具有与古昌硅质岩相似的特征,而果芒错硅质岩显示了一定大洋盆地硅质岩的特征,并且受到轻微热液作用影响,可能形成于一个更加成熟开阔的洋盆之中。综合蛇绿岩其他端员的研究成果,狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带中西段可能代表了一个靠近大陆边缘的古洋盆,东部果芒错地区发育较为开阔,往西洋盆规模逐渐变小。 相似文献
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在泰国北部难河构造带Pha Som变质杂岩中发现保存很好的放射虫硅质岩、玄武岩地层层序.层状硅质岩含放射虫化石Follicucullus porrectus, 地质时代为中二叠世晚期至晚二叠世早期.其硅质岩SiO2含量均在92.5%以上, Al/ (Al+Fe+Mn) 平均比值为0.51, Ce/Ce*比值为1.14, 为大陆边缘型硅质岩.玄武岩具有富集大离子亲石元素与高场强元素以及轻稀土富集等洋岛玄武岩的特点.说明难河构造带中-晚二叠世之交存在洋岛型火山岩和靠近大陆边缘的深海盆地硅质岩, 代表了小洋盆的沉积组合.该构造带闭合时间应在晚二叠世与晚三叠世之间. 相似文献
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藏南特提斯晚侏罗世维美组的沉积环境 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
对维美组的沉积结构、构造、动物群生态特征、地层展布情况和放射虫硅质岩的产出环境等进行了分析,认为维美组与其南部的同期沉积门卡墩组顶部石英砂岩一样,同属典型的滨浅海沉积,晚侏罗世康马-隆子和北喜马拉雅地层分区为统一的滨浅海,不存在次深海-深海环境。层序地层分析表明,当时曾发生了陆架海退和陆架暴露事件,造成了大面积石英砂岩的沉积和相关的层序不整合界面。侏罗纪的沉积环境演化与古地理变迁说明,藏南特提斯被动大陆边缘自形成以来并非一成不变,而是经历了多次活动、稳定,海侵、海退的过程。 相似文献
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北祁连造山带老虎山奥陶系硅质岩地球化学特征及古地理意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对北祁连造山带老虎山地区下奥陶统和中、上奥陶统硅质岩的沉积学和地球化学研究表明：下奥陶统硅质岩为生物化学作用成因，沉积于被动大陆边缘深海环境；中、上奥陶统下部与玄武岩共生的硅质岩显示热液成因，沉积于洋脊环境；中、上奥陶统上部硅质岩指示生物化学成因，形成于大陆边缘环境。上述特征表明老虎山地区在早奥陶世为相对稳定的被动大陆边缘构造环境，所含硅质岩和陆缘碎屑岩为大陆斜坡相浊流沉积。中、晚奥陶世柴达木板块向华北板块俯冲在弧后产生离散型活动大陆边缘，形成弧后盆地，硅质岩及其共生的枕状玄武岩和浊积岩应属于扩张弧后盆地的产物。 相似文献
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云南墨江金矿床硅质岩沉积环境的地球化学探讨 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
墨江金矿床金厂组中下段硅质岩的形成与热水沉积作用有关，但中段受到正常化学沉积作用的影响。根据硅质岩的地球化学特征，初步讨论了硅质岩的沉积（构造）环境。硅质岩的δCe，稀土元素对Ce/La-La／Yn图解、δ^30Si和Sr/Ba值的特征表明它形成于海水较深的沉积环境。根据硅质岩MnO/TiO2,Al/(Al Fe),(La/Ce)N,δCe和（La/Yb)N的特征推测它形成于大陆边缘－远洋盆地过渡位置。结合岩石组合、地球化学特 征和同位素年代学，认为墨江金矿床硅质岩的沉积环境可能为晚泥盆世后期扬子地块被动大陆边缘快速裂陷的深海槽盆，它不是哀牢山蛇绿岩套“三位一体” 中的一部分。 相似文献
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南秦岭勉略古缝合带非史密斯地层和古海洋新知 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9
南秦岭勉略古缝合带是一个构造混杂岩型非史密斯地层区,由不同时代的原地地层系统和异地地层系统的构造岩片构成。泥盆纪—石炭纪硅质岩的常量元素、稀土元素分析结果指示了勉略小洋盆的存在。区域背景分析表明晚震旦世到早寒武世,南秦岭为扬子板块北部边缘的一部分,中、晚寒武世以后开始分裂形成南秦岭裂陷槽。该海槽于中、晚志留世萎缩但未关闭,泥盆纪又进一步开裂逐渐形成大陆边缘裂谷盆地,晚泥盆世后期到早石炭世早期形成一开放小洋盆。早石炭世后期出现洋壳俯冲,从而转化为活动大陆边缘盆地。该洋盆可能持续到二叠纪,并于印支期最终关闭、碰撞和造山。 相似文献
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昌宁-孟连结合带中三叠世地层记录了古特提斯洋晚期演化信息，为正确认识古特提斯构造古地理格局提供了重要的解剖窗口.云南省沧源县团结地区原划泥盆系曼信组岩性为硅质岩与泥岩互层夹砂岩层（透镜体），对其中长石砂岩和硅质岩分别开展锆石U-Pb测年和地球化学分析，在限定该地层时代的基础上探讨其古特提斯演化意义.长石砂岩夹层和透镜体碎屑锆石定年显示其时代分别不早于237.8±1.3 Ma和237.7±1.4 Ma，赋存地层区域上可与牡音河组对比.本次中三叠世放射虫硅质岩地层的发现，填补了本区残余盆地沉积记录.该地层中硅质岩的地球化学特征反映其形成于大陆边缘环境，结合其中陆源碎屑岩碎屑组分和副矿物特征，表明古特提斯残余洋盆规模有限.研究区三岔河组磨拉石沉积角度不整合于早期地层之上标志着残余洋盆最终闭合. 相似文献
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西藏南部硅质岩的特征及相关问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
西藏南部广泛发育中生代古海洋沉积硅质岩,在空间上集中分布于雅鲁藏布江缝合带和喜马拉雅沉积带,呈东西向条带状分布,断断续续延伸达数千公里。可大致厘定出3条硅质岩带:缝合带蛇绿岩北侧早白垩世硅质岩带、缝合带蛇绿岩南侧三叠纪至白垩纪硅质岩带和喜马拉雅沉积带白垩纪硅质岩带,产出块状、层状、角砾状和结核状4种类型的硅质岩。在沉积建造特征上,缝合带蛇绿岩北侧硅质岩带以蛇绿岩-硅质岩建造为主;缝合带蛇绿岩南侧硅质岩带主要以火山岩-硅质岩建造和改造型硅质岩建造为主;喜马拉雅沉积带硅质岩则以浊积岩-硅质岩建造为特征。藏南硅质岩具有重要的研究意义,其薄弱环节和科学问题主要包括:硅质岩的成因问题、硅质岩的微组构问题、硅质岩中的古海洋沉积事件信息、硅质岩对沉积环境的指相意义等。 相似文献
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内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗迪彦庙蛇绿岩的识别 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
新识别出的内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗迪彦庙蛇绿岩位于中朝古板块与西伯利亚古板块之间的兴蒙造山带中部。通过对迪彦庙蛇绿岩进行详细的野外地质调查和岩石学、岩石地球化学的研究,发现迪彦庙蛇绿岩由孬来可吐和白音布拉格两个蛇绿岩带组成,各带宽约3km,延伸约30km,蛇绿岩各单元出露齐全。岩性由下到上主要为蛇纹石化方辉橄榄岩、层状-块状辉长岩、斜长岩、细碧岩、枕状玄武岩、角斑岩-石英角斑岩及硅质岩。蛇纹石化方辉橄榄岩稀土配分模式具SSZ型蛇绿岩的地幔橄榄岩特征;枕状玄武岩具岛弧拉斑玄武岩(IAT)特征;硅质岩的Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)比值显示大陆边缘沉积环境特征。 相似文献
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藏南地区中生代硅质岩的地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
藏南地区中生代硅质岩包括蛇绿岩套硅质岩(与蛇绿岩共生)和非蛇绿岩套硅质岩两大类.本文重点分析日喀则地区彭错林、夏鲁以及泽当地区的罗布莎、江孜盆地宗卓组及四个剖面的硅质岩.其中,彭错林、夏鲁和罗布莎硅质岩与蛇绿岩共生,江孜盆地宗卓组为非蛇绿岩套硅质岩.分析表明:(1)藏南地区硅质岩剖面地球化学特征鲜明,具有一致性和多样性特点;(2)与蛇绿岩共生的彭错林、夏鲁、罗布莎硅质岩普遍具有高Si、高Fe、低Al特征,大部分微量元素相对于克拉克值亏损,稀土元素总量低,经北美页岩标准化后,Ce异常明显或不明显,重稀土相对轻稀土富集.硅质泥岩的∑REE要明显高于硅质岩;(3)非蛇绿岩套宗卓组硅质岩SiO2含量稍低,Al2O3、TiO2则相反.V、Th、Hf、Ta等不相容元素上亏损程度较小,部分样品含量可接近克拉克值.稀土总量相对较高,页岩标准化配分模式上体现为弱Ce正异常,负Eu异常,轻重稀土分异不明显的平坦型曲线图;(4)地球化学特征指示了,藏南地区硅质岩多数具有明显的热水沉积成因属性,同时有正常陆源组分的加入.其中,夏鲁硅质岩的热水沉积地球化学特征较为典型,而宗卓组硅质岩则表现出受陆源物质加入的影响显著的地球化学特点. 相似文献
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Geological and Geochemical Investigation of Three Ophiolite‐Hosted Manganese Prospects,Southeast of Birjand,South Khorasan,East of Iran 
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下载免费PDF全文 Behnaz Barghi Ali Asghar Calagari Mohammad Hossein Zarrinkoub Vartan Simmonds 《Resource Geology》2017,67(4):414-425
The studied ophiolite‐hosted manganese prospects are located in southeast of Birjand, South Khorasan, in the east of Iran. The manganese ores within the ophiolitic sequence in this region occur as small discrete patches, associated with radiolarian chert and shale. Manganese ores in the host rocks are recognizable as three distinct syngenetic, diagenetic, and epigenetic features. The syngenetic manganese ores occurred as bands associated with light‐red radiolarian chert. The diagenetic Mn ores occurred as lenses accompanied by dark‐red to brown radiolarian chert. The epigenetic Mn ores occurred as veins/veinlets within the green radiolarian shale. The major manganese ore minerals are pyrolusite, braunite, bixbyite, ramsdellite, and romanechite showing replacement, colloidal, and brecciated textures. The high mean values of Mn/Fe (15.32) and Si/Al (15.65), and the low mean concentration values of trace elements, such as Cu (85.9 ppm), Ni (249.9 ppm), and Zn (149 ppm), as well as the high concentration values of Si, Fe, Mn, Ba, Zn, Sr, and As in the studied manganese ores furnished sufficient evidence to postulate that the sea‐floor Mn‐rich hydrothermal exhalatives were chiefly responsible for the ore formation, and the hydrogenous processes had negligible role in generation of the ores. The further geological and geochemical evidence also revealed that the ores deposited on the upper parts of the ophiolitic sequence by submarine exhalatives. The intense hydrothermal activities caused leaching of elements such as Mn, Fe, Si, Ba, As and Sr from the basaltic lavas (spilites). After debouching of the sea‐floor exhalatives, these elements entered the sedimentary basin. The redox conditions were responsible for separation of Fe from Mn. 相似文献
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《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》1999,17(3):319-332
The Kermanshah ophiolite is a highly dismembered ophiolite complex that is located in western Iran and belongs to the Zagros orogenic system. The igneous rocks of this complex consist of both mantle and crustal suites and include peridotites (dunite and harzburgite), cumulate gabbros, diorites, and a volcanic sequence that exhibits a wide range in composition from subalkaline basalts to alkaline basalts to trachytes. The associated sedimentary rocks include a variety of Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous deep- and shallow-water sedimentary rocks (e.g., dolomite, limestone, and pelagic sediments, including umber). Also present are extensive units of radiolarian chert. The geochemical data clearly identifies some of the volcanic rocks to have formed from two distinct types of basaltic melts: (i) those of the subalkaline suite, which formed from an initial melt with a light rare earth elements (LREE) enriched signature and incompatible trace element patterns that suggest an island arc affinity; and (ii) those of the alkaline suite with LREE-enriched signature and incompatible trace element patterns that are virtually identical to typical oceanic island basalt (OIB) pattern. The data also suggests that the trachytes were derived from the alkaline source, with fractionation controlled by extensive removal of plagioclase and to a lesser extent clinopyroxene. The presence of compositionally diverse volcanics together with the occurrence of a variety of Triassic–Cretaceous sedimentary rocks and radiolarian chert indicate that the studied volcanic rocks from the Kermanshah ophiolite represent off-axis volcanic units that were formed in intraplate oceanic island and island arc environments in an oceanic basin. They were located on the eastern and northern flanks of one of the spreading centers of a ridge-transform fault system that connected Troodos to Oman prior to its subduction under the Eurasian plate. 相似文献
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新疆西准噶尔北部谢米斯台山南坡蛇绿岩带
的发现及其意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
新疆西准噶尔和什托洛盖谷地以北,沿谢米斯台山南坡出露一套蛇绿混杂岩(查干陶勒盖蛇绿岩),岩石组合自下而上包括蛇纹石化橄榄岩、变质辉长岩、玄武岩、细碧岩及伴生的硅质岩、同源火山碎屑岩等,基质为蛇纹石化橄榄岩和绿片岩相变质玄武岩。蛇绿岩中辉长岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果为517Ma±3Ma和519Ma±3Ma,代表了蛇绿岩的形成年龄。蛇绿岩中不同组分(橄榄岩、辉长岩和细碧岩)的稀土元素和微量元素特征,以及细碧岩的Nb/Yb-Th/Yb图解均显示该蛇绿岩为洋中脊(MOR)型。查干陶勒盖蛇绿岩与西准噶尔北部的塔尔巴哈台(库吉拜)蛇绿岩、洪古勒楞蛇绿岩,邻区东哈克斯坦北部的扎乌尔-塔金蛇绿岩和巴尔克别克蛇绿岩可以很好地进行对比连接,为成吉斯-塔尔巴哈台构造带在西准境内的时空特征提供更多的约束。 相似文献
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Provenance and distribution of tethyan pelagic and hemipelagic siliceous sediments,pindos mountains,Greece 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Miriam Baltuck 《Sedimentary Geology》1982,31(1):63-88
The broad range of time over which ribbon bedded cherts were deposited does not extend into the present marine environment, and no ribbon cherts have been recovered from the sea floor by the Deep Sea Drilling Project. The depositional environment of bedded cherts is difficult to determine, but extra-silicic impurities in the rock may offer clues about the provenance of the non-biogenic component. To test the usefulness of relative abundances of the extra silicic components in extracting information on the depositional environment of the chert, I analyzed the major element chemistry of chert samples from a broad range of environments including ophiolite-associated chert from the Franciscan Formation of California, deep-sea chert and porcellanite from the northwest Pacific (DSDP Leg 32), shallow pelagic shelf chert nodules from the Chalk of Britain, continental marginal basin chert from the Monterey Formation of California, and continental marginal basin chert from the Pindos Zone of Greece. The ratios FeO/A12O3, TiO2/A12O3 and A1/A1+Fe+Mn were considered in detail. The interpretative logic is simple but empirically supported by observations of these ratio values at different depositional environments in the Pacific: A1 is concentrated most highly in continental material while Fe and Mn are more concentrated in pelagic sediments. FeO/A12O3 can be used to differentiate between ophiolite associated chert and chert associated only with other sediments. TiO2/A12O3 is not a useful indicator, possibly because of the equalizing effect of widespread eolian transport. The A1/A1+Fe+Mn ratio was measured in detail in one stratigraphic section in central continental Greece. This ratio varied with the type of sediment admixture, decreasing in value after the influx of ophiolite debris-bearing sediments, even when their presence was undetectable in hand sample or under petrographic microscope.To help clarify the paleogeography of the main study area, the Pindos Zone, and to identify sources and dispersal patterns of extra-basinal materials, isopach maps of sedimentary facies of the Pindos were constructed. Superimposed directly upon the series of imbricated thrust slices that comprise the Pindos Zone, the maps are at best compressed pictures of the Pindos Sea Floor. Persistent regional variation of facies thicknesses over time suggests the existence of several smaller depressions surrounded by submarine highs in the Pindos Basin. 相似文献
20.
新疆东准噶尔地区阿尔曼太蛇绿岩被认为是早古生代大洋岩石圈残片,其主要由地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、玄武岩以及硅质岩组成。通过野外地质观测,发现在扎河坝-阿尔曼太蛇绿岩内侵入了大量的岩体,主要为闪长岩以及闪长玢岩。本文通过LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 定年,获得蛇绿岩中辉长岩年龄为497.3 ± 4.5 Ma,而后期侵入的闪长玢岩的年龄为424.5 ± 3.1 Ma。前人研究认为这些闪长玢岩具有岛弧岩浆岩特征。结合区域地质背景,本文认为这些后期侵入的闪长玢岩是岛弧岩浆作用的结果, 推测阿尔曼太蛇绿岩为一个岛弧多期次演化的产物。 相似文献