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北秦岭新元古代后碰撞花岗岩的确定及其构造意义 总被引：42，自引：0，他引：42
应用LA ICPMS获得北秦岭蔡凹花岗岩体锆石U Pb年龄 ( 889± 1 0 )Ma ,代表岩体的形成时代。该岩体富集LILE、贫化HFSE ,显示活动陆缘俯冲带I型花岗岩体地球化学特征。同时岩体又具有富铝、高钾和锶、明显亏损Nb、Ti、P等元素的大陆造山带后碰撞演化阶段花岗岩特征。根据区域构造资料并结合岩体的变形特征分析 ,蔡凹岩体为碰撞造山过程地壳增厚背景下 ,在后碰撞拉张阶段由卷入有消减带物质的下部地壳部分熔融所形成 ,指示了秦岭在该时期已进入由主碰撞挤压转向后碰撞伸展演化阶段 ,为进一步精细确定北秦岭新元古代陆块汇聚碰撞造山过程提供了新的依据 相似文献
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北秦岭新元古代北北西向碰撞造山带存在的可能性及两侧陆块的汇聚与裂解 总被引：18，自引：3，他引：18
在北秦岭北西－北西西向显生宙造山带核部鉴别出与其斜交的北西向古构造带，可能为被改造了的北北西向新元古代造山的残迹。强烈的区域变形（959－889Ma)和变质特别是高压变质（996－750Ma)以及S→I→A型花岗岩演化（959－725Ma)揭示，该造山带可能经历了同碰撞、晚碰撞到碰撞后伸展的碰撞造山旋回。由此推测，在该区新元古代时期可能发生了陆块的汇聚与裂解；当时造山带的原始方位及两侧汇聚陆块的边界可能是北北西向，汇聚方向可能是北东东向。 相似文献
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豫西南地区北秦岭地体新元古代花岗岩类岩石成因及其地质意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
北秦岭地体中新元古代花岗岩类岩石是秦岭造山带的重要组成部分,记录了造山带基底前寒武纪地壳形成和演化历史。本文报道方庄和德河花岗岩岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和O同位素组成、全岩元素和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学组成,探讨其岩石成因和地壳演化意义。结果表明,方庄花岗质糜棱岩的锆石结晶年龄为933.4±9.2Ma,δ18O值8.3‰～11.9‰,初始87Sr/86Sr比值0.72455,初始εNd值-6.0,Nd模式年龄2.09Ga(tDM2);德河黑云斜长片麻岩的锆石结晶年龄为948.1±8.9Ma,初始87Sr/86Sr比值变化较大,初始εNd值-5.0,Nd模式年龄2.02Ga。结合已报道的新元古代花岗岩类岩体的年龄和地球化学数据,北秦岭地体新元古代岩浆作用可以划分为980～870Ma挤压碰撞作用和～844Ma伸展裂解作用两大阶段,包括～940Ma强烈变形S型同碰撞花岗岩、～880Ma弱-无变形后碰撞I型花岗岩和～844Ma板内A型碱性岩三类花岗岩体。地球化学组成显示,这些花岗岩类岩石可能源自不同时期形成的秦岭群基底杂岩的部分熔融,但在后碰撞阶段幔源物质或年轻地壳物质的加入明显增加。北秦岭地体中新元古代岩浆活动与Rodinia超大陆演化基本同时代,可能记录超大陆形成过程中的地壳响应。在新元古代之前,北秦岭地体或许具有不同于华北陆块和华南陆块的演化历史。 相似文献
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在江南造山带的东段皖浙赣交界地区发育一系列花岗岩岩体,区域上,岩体呈条带状,NE—SW向雁行排列,平行于赣东北断裂带分布;微观下,岩浆流动组构残迹、蠕英石的普遍发育及固态塑性变形证明了该地区岩体变形经历了从岩浆—亚岩浆—固态变形的一个持续转变的过程;岩体锆石年龄与邻区岩体的变质变形年龄有很好的耦合性。由此可见研究区变形花岗岩体为同构造花岗岩,是岩浆在侵位冷凝过程中受到赣东北断裂带强烈构造作用影响的产物。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明:灵山岩体形成于783±14 Ma;莲花山岩体形成于780±12 Ma,属于新元古代岩浆活动。扬子板块与华夏板块碰撞导致江南造山带新元古界的岩群普遍遭受区域变质、变形作用,同构造花岗岩的构造变形特征正是区域构造变形的表现,因此该同构造岩体的年龄可能作为扬子板块与华夏板块仍在挤压、碰撞的年代学证据。 相似文献
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秦岭柞水岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
柞水岩体侵位于秦岭造山带商丹缝合带附近,具有比较典型的环斑花岗结构,本文获得了213.6±1.8 Ma的单颗粒锆石 U-Pb 年龄,MSWD 为 1.5,这个年龄与前人在东秦岭沙河湾环斑花岗岩测定的锆石 U-Pb年龄非常一致。研究表明,柞水岩体的主元素、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学、Sr 同位素初始值 I_(Sr)等清楚的显示具有I-型和A-型花岗岩特征,大地构造环境判别属碰撞后隆升阶段或造山后花岗岩。这些特征也与秦岭沙河湾环斑花岗岩及西秦岭环斑花岗岩非常相似。因此,柞水岩体锆石 U-Pb 年龄的获得,使得秦岭造山带环斑花岗岩很可能从东向西断续呈带状展布,贯通东西秦岭。由此可以确认,在秦岭造山带主造山期晚期或主造山期后曾经存在过一次短暂的垂直于造山带的拉伸或松弛坍塌构造阶段,这对研究整个秦岭造山带的演化无疑具有重要意义。 相似文献
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中国阿尔泰造山带后造山喇嘛昭花岗岩体锆石SHRIMP年龄、成因及陆壳垂向生长意义 总被引：41，自引：29，他引：41
喇嘛昭岩体是阿尔泰造山带典型的后构造岩体,其时代问题一直没有解决。本次锆石SHRIMP定年给出 206Pb／238U年龄276±9Ma(MSWD=1．1),代表其形成年龄。这为阿尔泰后造山花岗岩和后造山作用提供了一个可靠的年代学证据。主量、微量元素地球化学特征显示该岩体具有I-A过渡的高钾钙碱性或高分异钙碱性花岗岩的特点。依据岩体构造特征、年代学、地球化学和地质背景综合分析,该岩体应为后造山岩体。该岩体Sr初始值变化于0．704-0．71659之间。εNd(T) 值为正值( 1．3- 2．8),模式年龄TDM-2为0．93-0．81Ga,与中亚造山带典型的高(正)εNd(T)值花岗岩相同。而且,其εNd (T)值略高于该地区同造山花岗岩。这说明,在具有陆壳基底的阿尔泰造山带后造山阶段,除了可能的俯冲下埋的年轻洋壳或岛弧物质外,可能有新的幔源物质参与了花岗岩的形成。这为中亚造山带后造山阶段陆壳垂向生长提供了一个证据。 相似文献
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西昆仑西段三叠纪两类花岗岩年龄测定及其构造意义 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
西昆仑造山带海西晚期-印支早期(三叠纪)花岗岩发育,但已有的测年资料、岩石地球化学研究及少量的构造学观察还没有对本区这一时期造山事件的时间尺度做到准确把握。对西昆仑西段海西晚期两类构造特征完全不同的花岗岩露头尺度的观察、锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,一类含石榴子石片麻状花岗岩形成时代为240.5 ±1.8 Ma,表现出同造山过程中的花岗岩变形特征;另一类块状含角闪石花岗岩的年龄为228.2±1.5 Ma。根据两个岩体的构造特征,结合前人的研究及地球化学特征,表明含石榴子石片麻状花岗岩形成于同碰撞造山时期,是甜水海地体与西昆仑南带晚古生代岛弧沿麻扎-康西瓦缝合带碰撞峰期的产物,代表了沿麻扎-康西瓦分布的古特提斯洋一个分支的闭合,而228 Ma块状含角闪石花岗岩形成于碰撞造山后的伸展背景。220-190 Ma持续发育的花岗岩是南昆仑地体拼合到北昆仑地体之后在其南部形成的新的深成岩浆弧带。这一研究为西昆仑海西晚期-印支早期构造演化提供了更精细的时间制约。 相似文献
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秦岭造山带中-新元古代(早期)地质演化 总被引：45，自引：8，他引：45
秦岭造山带是位于中国大陆中部并夹持于华北与扬子陆块之间的大陆造山带,是加里东期至印支期的碰撞造山带。对前加里东期演化虽然亦积累了不少资料,但认识上存在较大分歧。本文着重介绍秦岭造山带自中元古代晚期武关裂谷的打开(1243Ma±46Ma),中元古代末期松树沟洋盆的形成(1084Ma±73Ma～1030Ma±46Ma)以及新元古代早期同造山期花岗岩的侵入(960～840Ma)等自1.25Ga至0.84Ga期间的一系列热-构造事件,反映扬子大陆边缘前加里东期曾经历过一次“威尔逊构造旋回”,表明该区存在中—新元古代造山带的地质记录。但这次造山作用不是华北与扬子大陆的汇聚,而是曾属于扬子大陆边缘的“北秦岭变质地体”与其南的扬子大陆的一次汇聚过程。 相似文献
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《西北地质》2015,(3)
新疆富蕴县境内的乌恰沟片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩及沿构造线展布的片麻状细粒花岗岩脉出露在阿尔泰造山带南缘,围岩均为苏普特岩群黑云斜长片麻岩。运用LA-ICP-MS方法对乌恰沟片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩和片麻状细粒花岗岩脉进行锆石U-Pb测年分析。测年结果显示,片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩体的生成年龄为(393.5±4.5)Ma,即形成于早泥盆世,与区域地质背景对比来看,该岩体为碰撞造山阶段所形成;片麻状细粒花岗岩脉的侵入时代为(293.5±6)Ma,表示该区的构造热事件时限。构造变形特征显示片麻状花岗质侵入体与该区左行韧性剪切变形密切相关,据此推测出该地区地层变质变形时代,以及该区左行韧性剪切作用的时限。 相似文献
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Andrew J. Gratz James Tyburczy John Christie Thomas Ahrens Peter Pongratz 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1988,16(3):221-233
Deformed, synthetic quartz containing a dislocation density of 2.9 ± 1.9 × 108/cm2 and abundant bubbles and small inclusions was shocked to peak pressures of 12 and 24 GPa. The resultant material was inhomogeneously deformed and extremely fractured. The 12 GPa sample contained large regions lacking apparent shock deformation, suggesting that the original microstructure of a quartz target may be distinguished in low-stress shocks with minimal annealing. No change in dislocation density was caused by shock loading except in regions containing shock lamellae, where the dislocation density was lowered. Generally the same types of microstructures were induced by shock of deformed quartz as by shock of relatively defect-free as-grown crystals. Glass-filled veins were abundant, especially at lower stresses, and contained angular fragments of quartz welded together. Microfaults formed on \({{\{ 10\bar 11\} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\{ 10\bar 11\} } {\{ 01\bar 11\} }}} \right. \kern-0em} {\{ 01\bar 11\} }}\) and \({{\{ 11\bar 22\} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\{ 11\bar 22\} } {\{ 1\bar 212\} }}} \right. \kern-0em} {\{ 1\bar 212\} }}\) , inclined close to 45° to the shock propagation direction. Curviplanar features occurred in groups, with contrast indicating Moiré patterns, twins, and stacking faults or related structures; most were interpreted as fractures, possibly welded together with glass. Regions containing shock lamellae sets were present. Lamellae sets were uncommon at 12 GPa, but distributed every few microns at 24 GPa. Lamellae occurred in a spectrum of habits ranging from 35–1500 Å in thickness, from 35 Å upward in spacing, and from closely-packed parallel sets to networks of diverse orientations; some lamellae were not parallel-sided, but wedge-shaped with basal and \({{\{ 10\bar 13\} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\{ 10\bar 13\} } {\{ 01\bar 13\} }}} \right. \kern-0em} {\{ 01\bar 13\} }}\) edges, Thick lamellae were connected to glassy veins, and the wedge-shaped type generally narrowed away from veins; they also subdivided and merged along their length. Lamellae were dominantly basal at 12 GPa, and at 24 GPa on \({{\{ 10\bar 12\} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\{ 10\bar 12\} } {\{ 01\bar 12\} }}} \right. \kern-0em} {\{ 01\bar 12\} }}\) , with poles normal to the shock direction. We propose that they are not shear features, but rather glass-filled tensile fractures. Vitrification was widespread, especially at 24 GPa, apparently more so than in shock of as-grown material. This suggests that index of refraction is not an appropriate shock paleopiezometer, as it depends on the defect structure of the starting material. Neither lamella width nor spacing was correlated with shock stress; however, the criterion of multiple glass lamellae sets as indications of shock deformation and its intensity are consistent with our measurements. Dislocation density was lowered in lamellae-containing and glassy areas, possibly removed by nucleation of and absorption by lamellae. No high-pressure phases were observed. Based on the complete set of observed features, it appears that shock deformation in quartz is primarily brittle-melt deformation, with an important role played by hot, fluid silica. 相似文献
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东喜马拉雅构造结陆内变形过程的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
在东喜马拉雅构造结识别出“南向挤出”与“北向楔入”两大构造。前者包括倾向北、头朝南的一条正断层和两条分别被称为上部和下部的逆冲断层。南迦巴瓦和派乡杂岩借助这些断层从北部的冈底斯构造单元之下向南折返至地表附近。后者包括一个北东走向的推覆体和两个北北东走向、南倾的低角度推覆体,将东久、南迦巴、派乡等杂岩又北(东)向楔入冈底斯构造单元之中。独居石TIMSU-Th-Pb测年表明“南向挤出”构造中的正断层和下部逆冲断层可能分别在7.9Ma、10.7Ma时活动。锆石SHRIMP与金云母K-Ar测年结果限定上部逆冲断层活动时限介于6.2±0.2Ma和5.5±0.2Ma之间,即“南向挤出"中的上、下两条逆冲断层为逆序的逆冲断层。锆石SHRIMP和角闪石Ar-Ar测年还表明东喜马拉雅构造结核心部位的“北向楔入”很可能发生于3.0Ma和1.5Ma之间。 相似文献
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A number of studies have shown that development areas of weak deformation brittle series of tectonically deformed coal are often the favorable areas for coalbed methane development, and the distribution area of the mylonitic coal of ductile deformation is a danger zone of mine gas outburst. Therefore, faced with solving the key scientific issues and technical problems of the coal bed methane exploration and development and gas outburst prediction and evaluation, more and more attention has been paid to the research on tectonically deformed coal. This paper first systematically elaborated the main research progress on the concept and classification of tectonically deformed coals, their deformation characteristics, and the pore fissure structure and chemical structure. Then, it pointed out that there was a lack of research on the ductile deformation mechanism of coal, and this key scientific problem needs further research in the future. It seemed that the structural and geochemical process of chemical elements migration and accumulation during coal deformation was a new field which is worth exploring. Through refining stress sensitive elements, their distribution and evolution patterns in different stress-strain environments and different types of tectonically deformed coals might be revealed, and then they could become a predictive index which indicates the significance of distribution of tectonically deformed coals and gas outburst prediction. It was thought that geophysical response characteristics and research of detection theory and interpretation method of different types of tectonically deformed coal and gas enrichment area should be an important development direction in the future. 相似文献
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牡丹江地区黑龙江杂岩的变质变形特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
黑龙江牡丹江地区出露一套具有洋壳性质的构造混杂岩,根据特征矿物组合及岩相学特点,将这套杂岩自北向南划分为3个变质变形相带:蓝片岩带、黑硬绿泥石带和黑云母带,带与带之间被强烈的韧性变形带所分隔,表明彼此间为构造接触,而非连续的变质相带,说明了牡丹江地区的黑龙江杂岩不是正常的变质地层单元.3个相带的出露与自北向南的逆冲推覆事件有关.根据黑龙江杂岩变质变形特征和其年代学资料,将本区构造演化划分为3个阶段: (1)305～296 Ma之前的陆间洋洋壳俯冲及闭合阶段;(2)170.26～154 Ma佳木斯和兴凯地块之间的陆陆碰撞和后期作为整体统一受西太平洋构造域影响的阶段;(3)154 Ma之后敦密断裂左行走滑并对黑龙江杂岩进行改造的阶段. 相似文献
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构造煤与原生结构煤的显微傅立叶红外光谱特征对比研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对平顶山、郑州和南票三大矿区石炭二叠纪含煤岩系中高煤级烟煤和无烟煤的显微傅立叶红外光谱分析，探讨了原生结构煤与构造煤的有机大分子结构演化特征及其影响因素。结果表明，构造应力有利于煤中氢发生化学环境转移，使脂肪烃含量相对减少、稳定的芳香烃含量相对增加，促进煤大分子结构缩合度和有序度增加。 相似文献
17.
Klaus WEBER 《《地质学报》英文版》2002,76(3):292-299
Optical, cathodoluminescence and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analyses were conducted on four groups of calcite fault rocks, a cataclastic limestone, cataclastic coarse-grained marbles from two fault zones, and a fractured mylonite. These fault rocks show similar microstructural characteristics and give clues to similar processes of rock deformation. They are characterized by the structural contrast between macroscopic cataclastic (brittle) and microscopic mylonitic (ductile) microstructures. Intragranular deformation microstructures (i.e. deformation twins, kink bands and microfractures) are well preserved in the deformed grains in clasts or in primary rocks. The matrix materials are of extremely fine grains with diffusive features. Dislocation microstructures for co-existing brittle deformation and crystalline plasticity were revealed using TEM. Tangled dislocations are often preserved at the cores of highly deformed clasts, while dislocation walls form in the transitions to the fine-grained 相似文献
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有的学者将各种畸形砾石称之为“冰川变形石”，并作为中国东部第四纪冰川作用的证据。畸形砾石并非冰川成因，不能作为第四纪冰川作用的证据。它们的真正成因是与各种原岩机械破碎时结构面软科学性质及后来运移过程中外营力的改造作用密切相关。 相似文献
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