共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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运用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）、X射线荧光光谱方法（XRF）和X射线衍射方法（XRD）,对裴沟矿二1煤层中钒、铬、砷、硒、铅五种元素的地球化学特征进行研究。通过系统测定元素的含量、煤中无机元素和矿物组成,研究其地球化学特征及其与构造煤形成过程之间的内在联系。研究表明:裴沟矿二1煤层中As、V和Cr的含量明显偏高,Se与Pb属正常水平;除砷元素外,目标元素与煤中无机组分关系密切,主要赋存于黏土矿物中,如钒、铬主要赋存于黏土矿物高岭石、伊利石中,与硫酸盐、硫化物矿物也有联系;硒主要赋存于黏土矿物高岭石中,与金红石也有一定相关性;铅主要赋存于黏土矿物高岭石中。探讨了构造煤形成过程对环境敏感元素含量的影响,环境敏感元素含量在不同煤分层中含量差异性显著,构造煤形成过程中环境敏感元素在垂向上并无大规模的迁移和明显的均一化行为。 相似文献
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《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(Z1)
<正>岩浆侵入煤层导致的地球化学效应和生态环境危害,一直是煤地质学研究的重要议题。研究显示,岩浆侵入会导致煤中矿物变化,且矿物组成元素与岩浆或热液有关。因此,研究岩-煤蚀变带内矿物的演化规律是反演煤岩蚀变过程的重要途径。前人已对岩浆侵入特征和蚀变带内煤中稀有元素地球化学等方面做了大量相关研究,但未见微观矿物方面的研究。因此,本文以卧龙湖煤矿井田内蚀变带煤岩为研究对象,研究其矿物种类及含量变化规律,以探究其与岩浆侵入的关系。 相似文献
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以产自新西兰的碧玉样品作为研究对象,采用常规的宝石学测试、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、环境扫描电子显微镜、等离子体质谱仪、X射线粉晶衍射仪,对其表面微观形貌、矿物组成、化学成分特征进行了较全面的研究。研究表明,新西兰碧玉的显微结构致密程度不高,矿物结晶颗粒粗细不一,局部具有定向性,其主要的矿物组成为角闪石,内含黑色的铬铁矿杂质。将新西兰碧玉的化学成分特征与新疆一带所产的碧玉相比较,主量元素和微量元素的含量均有所差别。 相似文献
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为研究准格尔串草圪旦5号煤微量元素地球化学特征,采用光学显微镜、扫面电子显微镜和X射线衍射（XRD）方法观测煤中矿物组成及形态特征,应用电感耦合等离子质谱（ICP MS）方法测定煤中多种微量元素含量,运用数理统计方法研究微量元素在煤中的赋存特征。结果表明：5号煤中Li、Be、F、U、Hg 5种元素相对富集,含量高于研究区6号煤及中国煤中含量水平。5号煤中Li、F、Ga、Se无机亲和性强,Be、As、U为亲有机元素;Hg与硫含量显著正相关。各元素在煤中主要以有机结合态、无机结合态和硫化物结合态赋存。 相似文献
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胶东文登长山南花岗闪长岩体的岩浆混合成因：闪长质包体及寄主岩石的地球化学、Sr-Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素证据 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：8
胶东昆嵛山杂岩文登长山南花岗闪长岩体中广泛分布具有火成结构的闪长质包体,这些包体主要为椭圆形或纺锤形,定向排列,大小不等(几cm至几m),颜色较寄主岩深,粒度较细。包体具有与寄主岩石相似的矿物组合,但铁镁质矿物及斜长石含量明显比寄主岩石高,而石英和钾长石含量低于寄主岩石;镜下包体具有明显的不平衡反应结构,广泛发育针状磷灰石。在地球化学特征上,包体和寄主岩石部富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,并具有相近的Sr、Nd同位素组成,ISr为0．70784-0．70818,εNd为-15．0--15．5。然而,包体和寄主岩石的主量元素在相关图上呈明显的线性关系, 并且岩石学和锆石Hf同位素特征也明显表明文登长山南岩体在成岩过程中发生了镁铁质岩浆和长英质岩浆的混合作用。在岩浆混合作用过程中,全岩Sr、Nd同位素和晚期生成的矿物组成比较快速地达到了均一化,而主量元素和高温矿物锆石Hf同位素组成则残留了原始岩浆的部分特征。研究表明,锆石Hf同位素在岩浆混合作用过程中不容易达到同位素平衡,其同位素组成比全岩Sr、Nd同位素更能有效地示踪混合岩浆的源区特征和岩浆混合过程。 相似文献
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通过描述一种利用LA-ICP-MS准确测定含水硅酸盐矿物主量元素和微量元素含量的多外标、无内标分析方法.总结出该方法基于矿物化学计量式计算含水硅酸盐矿物中挥发分的相对含量,再将全部分析元素归一化到总金属氧化物含量(100%减含水量)的原理,利用多种天然成分的岩石标准玻璃(如MPI-DING玻璃和USGS玻璃)作为外标进行校正计算.利用该方法对角闪石、绿帘石、电气石和透闪石等含水硅酸盐矿物进行了分析,并与利用电子探针和微钻(直径300 μm)取样溶液-ICP-MS分析的结果进行了对比研究.研究结果表明:对于组成均一的主量元素的分析结果与电子探针分析数据一致,相对偏差集中在5%以内.除了那些分布异常不均一的元素(在300 μm尺度上),对微量元素的分析结果与溶液-ICP-MS分析结果具有很好的一致性,二者之间的相对偏差大部分集中在10%以内.研究结论为采用归一化校正策略,选择MPI-DING和USGS玻璃作为外标,利用LA-ICP-MS微区分析方法可以准确测定含水硅酸盐矿物中的主、微量元素含量. 相似文献
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《西北地质》2020,(2)
为了研究大同煤田南部煤中伴生元素的地球化学特征,运用矿物学、煤地球化学以及岩石学等学科的理论和研究方法,利用X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)、电感耦合等离子质谱分析(ICPMS)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜+能谱分析(SEM-EDS),对五家沟矿区5号煤中伴生元素的含量及赋存特征进行研究。结果表明,五家沟5号煤中常量元素Al、Si、Ca、Fe含量较高,占到灰分总量的95%以上。Al主要以高岭石的形式存在,Si以黏土矿物和石英的形式赋存于煤中,煤中Ca的主要载体是方解石,Fe在煤中主要以黄铁矿的形式存在。煤中微量元素Li富集,Ga、Sr、Zr、Nb、Hf、Ta轻度富集。锂和镓主要赋存于高岭石中;铌和钽赋存于黏土矿物中,部分可能赋存于伊利石中;锆和铪赋存于黏土矿物中,还有部分赋存于金红石内。 相似文献
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通过采用传统的岩石薄片显微鉴定和现代化扫描、透视电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析、差热分析等方法对9煤至奥灰间隔水层岩石的结构、构造、矿物成分进行了综合测试，微观研究表明，区内9煤至奥灰问地层中铝含量较高，隔水层中泥质岩粘土矿物主要以叶腊石、伊利石、高岭石为主，大部分岩石遇水后稳定，无崩解现象。其中在煤系地层中发现大量叶腊石。初步分析认为是受后期强烈岩浆岩活动影响，发生热液蚀变而形成。通过压汞实验测试了10个隔水层岩样空隙结构，原岩状态下，9煤至奥灰含水层间隔水层空隙度很低，呈现致密状态，因而应具有良好的隔水能力。 相似文献
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我国东部煤田普遍存在岩浆侵入现象,其对煤矿安全生产影响极大,因此准确划分岩浆侵入煤层范围是煤炭生产迫切需要解决的关键问题之一。通过分析岩浆岩、天然焦、煤等物性特征,构建地质模型进行正演模拟,证实其在振幅、相位、频率等存在明显差异。以山东某煤矿3煤层为例,利用单属性技术、多属性聚类分析及谱分解技术等结合常规方法,圈定了煤、天然焦分界线及岩浆侵入范围。通过矿方布设的10个钻孔验证,与解释结果比较吻合。 相似文献
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氟是煤中有害元素之一,燃煤型氟排放造成的污染已经对人类的健康安全构成威胁。研究煤中氟赋存状态及其沉积环境,对掌握高氟煤分布规律及控制燃煤造成的氟排放具有重要意义。通过对沁水煤田内6座煤矿15号煤样品的分析发现:煤中氟含量与灰分显著相关,与黄铁矿硫、有机硫无相关关系,表明煤中氟主要以无机物形式赋存,且与含硫矿物无关;与钾、镁、硅、铝等元素含量具有显著的相关关系,表明氟有可能的主要赋存形式为金云母、氟金云母等矿物,以及以吸附存在于高岭石、勃姆石、伊蒙混层等黏土矿物中;与钙、磷元素含量无显著相关性,表明氟不以氟磷灰石、含氟羟基磷灰石等矿物大量赋存。此外,通过对沁水煤田15号煤的沉积环境分析发现,弱还原环境、较低盐度、偏酸性、较强的水动力条件有利于该区域煤中氟的富集。 相似文献
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J.M. Slansky 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1985,5(4):339-376
Chemical analyses of high-temperature coal ashes were used to establish the distribution, association and relationship between major inorganic elements such as Si, Al, Ti, Fe, Mn, Mg, Ca, Na, K, P, S and CO2 in a number of New South Wales economic coal seams and to study the composition and character of mineral matter in these coals. The methods used for the evaluation of the data were statistical analysis (univariate and bivariate), ratios, normative mineral composition and variation diagrams.The distribution of major and minor inorganic elements in coal appears to be related to the amount of mineral matter occurring in coal (determined as ash yield) and its mineralogical composition. The quantitative variations in levels of these elements can be classified as in-seam and inter-seam variations. In-seam variations are largely ash yield dependent, i.e. the levels of an element (wt.%) in coal increase along with the increase of its ash content (wt.%). The inter-seam variations are more complex and are related to both ash yield and to the mineralogical composition of mineral matter.The principal components of New South Wales coal ashes are silicon and aluminium. Silicon may be present as silica or combined with aluminium in different proportions to form clay minerals, such as kaolinite, illite, mixed-layer clay minerals, and smectite. Thus, the concentration levels of aluminium in relation to silicon in coal may give an indication about the character of clay minerals present in coal.Ratios and correlation coefficients of element pairs such as Al and Ti, Na and K, and Na and Al were used to determine differences in the chemical composition of high-temperature coal ashes of seams from various stratigraphic positions and provinces. In some seams the nature of associations of these elements is more significant than in others. This is interpreted as being a product of specific environmental conditions controlling the deposition of these seams.The nature of clay mineral content in coal is believed to be a major reason for chemical dissimilarities found between seams of various stratigraphic levels and geographic areas. For example, in some seams kaolinite, in others expandable clay minerals are dominant. The vertical distribution of these minerals has a stratigraphic significance. Within the Upper Permian Newcastle Coal Measures a trend from kaolinite-rich through to expandable minerals-rich and to kaolinite-rich assemblages can be observed from the bottom to the top. These changes are noticeably gradual.All significant variations in the clay mineral assemblages could relate to the long-term changes in the provenance of sedimentary material, weathering conditions in the source area and the rate of subsidence in the place of deposition. These changes are associated with major tectonic events controlling the history of sedimentation within the paralic Sydney and Gunnedah Basins during the Permian. 相似文献
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《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2023,83(2):125972
In China, the lack of Li resources is in stark contrast to a large amount of coal gangue produced by coal mining. To determine the distribution patterns and existing status of lithium (Li) elements in the coal gangue, the mineralogical and geochemical analysis were formed on samples of the roof, floor, and parting of No. 02, 2, 8, and 9 coal seams, being mined in Malan mine, Xishan coalfield, Shanxi Province. The results show that the lithium content in this study area is relatively enriched, the highest content is 499 μg/g in sample 02-G, and the average content is 109.8 μg/g, which is two times that of the world average value of claystone (45 μg/g). XRD analysis shows that the mineral composition of parting samples is mainly clay mineral kaolinite, while the coal seam roof and floor samples also include quartz and some iron-bearing minerals, such as pyrite and siderite. Likewise, possible lithium-rich mineral phases and possible lithium-rich factors were investigated in this paper. A comprehensive clay separation experiment and correlation analysis between lithium and major elements indicate that lithium is likely to exist in the clay mineral kaolinite in the study area. It is also found that the content of Li adsorbed by cryptocrystalline kaolinite is generally higher than that of crystalline kaolinite. According to the mechanism of Li+ adsorption in clay minerals, the higher lithium content of cryptocrystalline kaolinite is due to its larger specific surface area, which can adsorb more lithium on the surface. 相似文献
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The mineral and inorganic chemical composition of five types of samples from the Pernik subbituminous coals and their products generated from the Pernik preparation plant were studied. They include feed coal, low-grade coal, high-grade coal, coal slime, and host rock. The mineral matter of the coals contains 44 species that belong mainly to silicates, carbonates, sulphates, sulphides, and oxides/hydroxides, and to a lesser extent, chlorides, biogenic minerals, and organic minerals. The detrital minerals are quartz, kaolinite, micas, feldspars, magnetite, cristobalite, spessartine, and amphibole. The authigenic minerals include various sulphides, silicates, oxihydroxides, sulphates, and carbonates. Several stages and substages of formation were identified during the syngenetic and epigenetic mineral precipitations of these coals. The authigenic minerals show the greatest diversity of mineral species as the epigenetic mineralization (mostly sulphides, carbonates, and sulphates) dominates qualitatively and quantitatively. The epigenetic mineralization was a result of complex processes occurring mostly during the late development of the Pernik basin. These processes indicate intensive tectonic, hydrothermal and volcanic activities accompanied by a change from fresh to marine sedimentation environment. Thermally altered organic matter due to some of the above processes was also identified in the basin. Most of the trace elements in the Pernik coals (Mo, Be, S, Zr, Y, Cl, Ba, Sc, Ga, Ag, V, P, Br, Ni, Co, Pb, Ca, and Ti) show an affinity to OM and phases intimately associated with OM. Some of the trace elements (Sr, Ti, Mn, Ba, Pb, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni, As, Ag, Yb, Sn, Ga, Ge, etc.) are impurities in authigenic and accessory minerals, while other trace elements (La, Ba, Cu, Ce, Sb, Bi, Zn, Pb, Cd, Nd, etc.) occur as discrete phases. Elements such as Sc, Be, Y, Ba, V, Zr, S, Mo, Ti, and Ga exceed Clarke concentrations in all of the coal types studied. It was also found that a number of elements in the Pernik coals (F, V, As, Pb, Mo, Li, Sr, Ti, Ga, Ni, Ge, Cr, Mn, etc.) reveal mobility in water and could have some environmental concerns. 相似文献
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The distribution of trace elements in the lower Eocene coal seam mined in the Yeniceltek, Kucukkohne and Ayridam coal mines from the Sorgun Basin was investigated in relation to ash content and maceral composition. The coal seam is mainly composed of huminite. In the present study, 35 samples from five seam sections were collected on the basis of megascopic characteristics. Results were determined using an energy dispersive polarised X-ray fluorescence (EDP-XRF) spectrometer on a whole-coal dry basis. Most of the major and trace elements studied are enriched in high-ash samples, while Ba, Br, Mn and W show relative enrichments in low-ash samples. Most of elements studied, such as Ga, Ce, La, Th, Nb, Rb, Zr, V, Cu, U, Pb, Sb, Cs, Sn, Cr, Se, Y and Zn, are primarily associated with mineral matter (clay minerals). Arsenic and a part of Zn, Se and Sb are probably concentrated in pyrites in the samples. Element concentrations show statistically significant negative correlations with many macerals and positive relationships with only attrinite that is mainly mixed with mineral matter (clay minerals and small quartz grains) in the samples. Nine trace elements (As, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Th and U), considered as potentially Hazardous Air Pollutants, are present in low to moderate concentrations. The mean values of trace element concentrations display relative enrichments in Se (2.8 ppm), Th (21 ppm) and W (26 ppm) in the investigated samples in comparison with other coals in the world. 相似文献
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采用化学法和中子活化(INAA)法对采自山西阳泉三矿山西组3号煤层和太原组12号煤层的3件煤层夹矸粘土岩样品的8种常量元素(氧化物)和33种微量元素含量进行了测定。通过对具有示踪意义的元素及其比值的对比分析,3个样品总体上均不具有典型的沉积岩特征,应该是由酸性或酸性偏碱性火山物质(降落的或陆源搬运的)在地表覆水较浅的弱氧化条件下经原地淋滤、蚀变形成的。原岩蚀变程度较高,不稳定或较不稳定的元素大量流失,甚至一些较稳定的元素(如高岭岩中的铁、锰)也明显流失。强烈的化学蚀变以及岩石中矿物成分的变化是造成粘土岩间以及粘土岩与原岩间元素(尤其是REE)含量及REE配分模式差异的主要原因。 相似文献