共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
中国地质调查局2008年在南祁连盆地木里冻土区采集到了中国陆域第一例天然气水合物实物样品,对于天然气水合物的气体来源存在不同的认识。利用新完钻3口井样品的化验分析结果,分析了中侏罗统和上三叠统烃源岩有机地球化学特征。结果表明,中侏罗统江仓组、木里组煤系地层烃源岩有机质丰度较高,TOC(总有机碳含量)大于1%的样品占78.9%;氯仿沥青"A"含量大于0.1%的占总数的72.2%;有机质类型以Ⅱ_2、Ⅱ_1型为主;镜质体反射率R_o多介于0.7%~1.2%之间;71个样品生烃潜量平均值为8.8mg/g,总体处于生烃高峰期的生油阶段或凝析油阶段,属于好、很好烃源岩,为天然气水合物主力生烃层系。上三叠统尕勒得寺组亦为煤系地层烃源岩,TOC含量大于1%的样品占76.9%;氯仿沥青"A"含量小于0.05%;有机质类型以Ⅲ、Ⅱ_1型为主;镜质体反射率Ro介于1.1%~1.77%之间;总体处于生湿气或干气阶段,但由于构造抬升影响其生烃潜量,平均值仅为0.35mg/g,当前整体生烃能力较差,为非烃源岩或较差烃源岩,对天然气水合物成藏贡献不大。 相似文献
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木里煤田位于青藏高原东北缘,近年在木里煤田聚乎更矿区中侏罗统窑街组中发现了天然气水合物。为了对天然气水合物气源类型做出客观认识,本文对木里煤田聚乎更矿区中侏罗统窑街组烃源岩样品的有机质丰度、有机质类型、有机质热演化程度进行了详细研究,并在此基础上对比了研究区天然气水合物、煤层气中烷烃气的异同,最终确定研究区天然气水合物成因类型和气源。结果表明:(1)研究区中侏罗统窑街组的泥质烃源岩有机质丰度较高,属好生油岩,有机质类型属于Ⅰ型干酪根,Ro值在0.65%～1.32%之间,有机质热演化程度达到了石油伴生气阶段;(2)天然气水合物烷烃气碳同位素特征显示大部分烷烃气呈现正碳同位素特征系列,相同碳数的天然气水合物烷烃气碳同位素较煤层气轻,天然气水合物烷烃气中甲烷含量相对煤层气较低,且天然气水合物烷烃气δ13 C2值均小于-28‰,属于油型气;(3)中侏罗统窑街组烃源岩碳同位素特征与天然气水合物的碳同位素具有高度一致性,表明研究区天然气水合物气源主要来自于中侏罗统窑街组的湖相泥岩和油页岩。 相似文献
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陆域冻土区天然气水合物成矿机制较为复杂,水合物横向难以对比,形成机理不清楚,急需对天然气水合物迁移机理进行研究。文章根据祁连山冻土区天然气水合物发现区钻井揭示的地质和地球化学资料以及岩芯样品分析测试结果进行了综合分析。结果显示,研究区中侏罗统和上三叠统均为较好烃源岩,天然水合物气源以热解气为主,主要由上三叠烃源岩迁移和中侏罗统木里组烃源岩扩散提供,显示了多源多期次的特点。根据地质和地球化学分析,祁连山天然气水合物的形成经历了晚侏罗世—早白垩世的气体运移与聚集、中新世中晚期—上新世整体抬升、第四纪游离气体转化成天然气水合物矿藏3个阶段,经历了"先聚集-再抬升-后成藏"等过程,是构造-气候耦合作用的结果,初步建立了祁连山冻土区天然气水合物迁移机理。 相似文献
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通过对南祁连盆地木里坳陷石炭系、二叠系、三叠系、侏罗系等4套层系5条剖面的野外测量及室内地质分析,明确了该区天然气水合物潜在气源岩的岩性特征、沉积相类型及沉积演化过程。石炭系—二叠系整体以出露中厚层砂岩夹薄层泥岩为主要特征,沉积浅海陆棚相、滨岸相和三角洲相,由于断层发育致使局部地层厚度减薄且泥质岩大部分缺失,可能难以成为天然气水合物潜在气源岩;上三叠统整体以发育中薄层泥岩与中薄至中厚层砂岩互层为主要特征,沉积相类型为潮坪相、湖泊相和河流相,泥岩累积厚度较大,是天然气水合物主要潜在气源岩;中侏罗统整体上以发育厚层泥岩、砂岩为主要特征,沉积相类型为辫状河相、三角洲相和湖泊相,是天然气水合物次要的潜在气源岩。研究结果为南祁连盆地木里坳陷天然气水合物气源岩研究提供了重要地质依据。 相似文献
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通过库泰盆地Naga Utara-1井(NU-1井)下中新统油、气样品烃源岩地球化学分析,认为NU-1井天然气样品的烃源岩母质为腐泥型,沉积于弱还原的海相环境,生源母质以水生生物输入为主,镜质体反射率约1.2%,处于成熟的演化阶段;原油样品的烃源岩母质为腐殖型,沉积于弱氧化的陆相环境,生源母质以陆生高等植物为主,镜质体反射率约0.7%,处于未熟-低熟的演化阶段。不同的烃源岩特征表明二者为两套烃源岩:一套为成熟度相对较高的海相烃源岩,一套为成熟度相对较低的陆相烃源岩。库泰盆地两套已知烃源岩地层和本文原油样品所指示的烃源岩母质有相似之处,但和气体样品所指示的烃源岩母质截然不同。气体来源于更深的下部地层:下中新统的海相地层,或者更深部渐新统-始新统的湖相地层。深部海相或湖相地层烃源岩产生的气体沿断层向上迁移,在背斜部位的砂岩中形成高压圈闭,并被上覆的灰岩层和泥岩层封盖形成油气藏。库泰盆地下中新统的海相地层,或者更深部渐新统-始新统的湖相地层烃源岩具有很好的勘探潜力,下一步需要转变勘探思路,将勘探目的层转移至中中新统下部-下中新统海相成藏系统,甚至更深部的渐新统-始新统含油气系统。 相似文献
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库车坳陷中生界气源灶生气强度演化特征 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
库车坳陷的烃源岩主要发育在中上三叠统和中下侏罗统,根据烃源岩厚度和有机相特征、埋藏热历史,采用BasinMod-1D软件,系统分析了库车坳陷上三叠统和中下侏罗统气源灶的生气强度及其在地质历史中的演化。中上三叠统气源灶以克拉苏构造带为生气中心,向四周生气强度逐渐变小;中下侏罗统气源灶则以拜城凹陷和依奇克里克构造带为中心,向南北两端生气强度逐渐变小。无论是上三叠统还是中下侏罗统气源灶,现今累计生气强度在坳陷主体均在20×108m3/km2以上,生气中心则在(60～100)×108m3/km2。上三叠统气源灶的大量生气始于12Ma,中下侏罗统气源灶大量生气则始于5Ma,库车坳陷气源灶演化的特色表现在5Ma以来气源灶极高的生气速率。中上三叠统源岩生气强度类似于中下侏罗统,说明中上三叠统源岩对天然气成藏的贡献不亚于中下侏罗统源岩,库车坳陷气源灶存在充足的气源且近5Ma快速生气,这是库车坳陷形成高效天然气藏的重要原因,库车坳陷目前发现的大中型气田(藏)均分布在生气中心及其周缘。 相似文献
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地球内部物质物性的原位高温高压研究：大体积压机与同步辐射源的结合 总被引：77，自引：2，他引：77
四川盆地是一个大型复合含气为主、含油为辅的叠合盆地。多旋回的沉积演化过程,孕育了多套海相、陆相烃源岩,且不同区域发育不同成因类型的烃源岩。目前下寒武统、志留系、下二叠统、上二叠统和上三叠统五套主要烃源岩均已进入高演化阶段,并以成气为主。由于多阶成烃、混源聚集和后期遭受TSR次生蚀变等成藏过程的复杂性使得天然气组分较干、碳同位素组成复杂,常规方法进行气源对比较困难。文中在对四川盆地沉积演化背景分析的基础上,通过对有效烃源岩发育特征和分布规律的探讨,分区域进行了气藏的分析,特别是对天然气组分、非烃组成(H2S、CO2、N2等)和碳同位素等资料综合研究的基础上,基本确定了各区块各含气层系的主力源岩。认为川东主力产层石炭系、三叠系和二叠系的气源分别为志留系、上二叠统龙潭组和下二叠统;川南气区震旦系灯影组、寒武系、二叠系和三叠系产层的气源分别主要来自下寒武统,上、下二叠系源岩;川西气区侏罗系和三叠系须家河组主产层的气源主要来自三叠系须家河组煤系烃源岩,下二叠统和嘉陵江组产层气源则可能主要来自二叠系;川中主要为产油区,下侏罗统自流井群原油应来自侏罗系源岩,浅部层系气源为上三叠统须家河组的陆相烃源岩,深部气藏则为寒武系烃源岩。由于川东北部烃源岩发育层数最多,且质量都较好,因此川东北部是烃类最富集的地区,也是勘探潜力最大的地区。 相似文献
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为了量化表征北黄海盆地东部坳陷中生界主力烃源岩生、排烃特征，综合利用镜质体反射率(Ro)、残余有机碳含量(TOC)、岩石热解、干酪根镜检及饱和烃色谱等资料，在总结研究区烃源岩地化特征的基础上，通过油源对比明确主力烃源岩层并依托盆地模拟方法量化其生、排烃贡献.结果表明，北黄海盆地东部坳陷中生界的两类原油均来源于区内中侏罗统和上侏罗统两套主力烃源岩层，其中，中侏罗统烃源岩的有机质丰度整体处于"好-最好"级别，上侏罗统烃源岩的有机质丰度则以"中等-好"为主；二者均存在早白垩世末期和早中新世两次生、排烃高峰，但上侏罗统的排烃速率[qe(max)=27.3×106 t/Ma]远高于中侏罗统的排烃速率[qe(max)=4.2×106 t/Ma]，对研究区油气成藏的贡献更大.虽然下白垩统暗色泥岩的生烃潜力有限，但其底部砂岩与紧邻上侏罗统主力烃源岩层构成的"下生上储"式的源储配置关系是区内最重要的勘探目的层，其次为中、上侏罗统内部"自生自储"式的有利成藏组合，同时，中侏罗统下部"上生下储"式的成藏组合也应予以重视. 相似文献
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本文在南羌塘盆地土门地区获得一套上三叠统土门格拉组泥质烃源岩。通过有机质丰度、有机质类型和有机质热演化程度的分析,结果表明,土门格拉组泥质烃源岩有机碳含量在0.54%~1.36%之间,达到了中等-好烃源岩标准,局部达到很好烃源岩标准;干酪根镜检结果显示,有机质类型主要为II1型。镜质体反射率Ro为1.61%~2.76%,岩石热解峰温Tmax介于340~544℃之间,干酪根腐泥组颜色为棕色-棕褐色,表明有机质演化达到过成熟阶段。土门地区土门格拉组泥质烃源岩的发现进一步表明羌塘盆地上三叠统烃源岩具备良好的生烃(气)潜力。 相似文献
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从烃源岩特征、天然气组分、油气碳同位素、凝析油全烃和轻烃、储层沥青等方面对营山地区上三叠统和中、下侏罗统油气源特征进行了对比研究,阐明了营山地区上三叠统须家河组和中、下侏罗统油气的地球化学特征、成因和可能来源。研究表明营山地区上三叠统须家河组油气主要来自须家河组自身的煤系烃源岩,天然气以成熟腐殖型母质成因为主,而中、下侏罗统气藏产出的油气主要来自其自身的烃源岩。营山地区构造活动强烈,断层发育,使得部分井区中、下侏罗统产出的天然气特征与下伏产层极为相似,反映了断层对该井区附近的各层段有一定的沟通作用。中、下侏罗统地层在部分井区可能有上三叠统须家河组油气的侵入,须家河组烃源岩对中、下侏罗统油气成藏有一定贡献作用。 相似文献
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《China Geology》2020,3(4):511-523
Natural gas hydrate, oil and gas were all found together in the Qilian Mountain permafrost area, northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. They are closely associated with each other in space, but whether they are in any genetic relations are unknown yet. In this paper, a hydrocarbon gas-generation series, gas-fluid migration series and hydrocarbon gas-accumulation series are analyzed to probe the spatial, temporal and genetic relationships among natural natural gas hydrate, oil and gas. The subsequent results show that natural gas hydrate, oil and gas actually form a natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system. Based on the Middle Jurassic and the Upper Triassic hydrocarbon gas-generation series, it is divided into four major sub-systems in the study area: (1) A conventional Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system with peak hydrocarbon gas-generation in the late Middle Jurassic; (2) a conventional Middle Jurassic oil-bearing sub-system with low to mature hydrocarbon gas-generation in the late Middle Jurassic; (3) a natural gas hydrate sub-system with main gas source from the Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system and minor gas source from the Middle Jurassic oil-bearing sub-system as well as little gas source from the Middle Jurassic coal-bed gas and the microbial gas; (4) a shallower gas sub-system with microbial alteration of the main gas source from the Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system. This natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system and its sub-systems are not only theoretical but also practical, and thus they will play an important role in the further exploration of natural gas hydrate, oil and gas, even other energy resources in the study area. 相似文献
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应用全岩有机岩石学分析方法,对库车坳陷北部山前带中生界三叠系和侏罗系烃源岩的显微组分、主要富氢组分、有机质类型及热演化程度进行了研究。结果表明：库车坳陷北部山前带侏罗系克孜勒努尔组烃源岩显微组分总含量最高,恰克马克组烃源岩最低。中生界烃源岩显微组分组成具有镜质组含量高、壳质组和惰性组相对发育、腐泥组贫乏的特征。不同层位具有一定差异性,克孜勒努尔组和塔里奇克组中镜质组含量较高,恰克马克组壳质组相对发育。孢子体、壳屑体、角质体和藻类体是其主要的富氢组分,恰克马克组富氢组分相对含量最高。烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅲ型和Ⅱ2型为主,有利于生气,镜质组反射率Ro为056%~187%,热演化程度处于成熟-高成熟阶段。克拉苏—依奇克里克构造带冲断前缘烃源岩显微组分总含量与热演化程度均相对较高,为烃源岩的最大成熟生烃中心。烃源岩高生烃潜力与高的壳质组含量和低的陆源有机质含量有关。 相似文献
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为了评价豫东地区煤系烃源岩生烃潜力,基于有机碳含量（TOC）、镜质体反射率、干酪根类型及显微组成等测试分析结果,探讨了豫东地区不同区块煤系烃源岩的有机地球化学特征,对比分析了不同区块煤系气资源潜力,提出煤系气勘探有利区块。结果表明:区内煤系烃源岩的有机碳含量偏低（小于1.5%）;干酪根类型以Ⅲ型为主,偶见Ⅱ2型干酪根,利于生气;煤系经历了中二叠-中晚三叠世和晚侏罗-早白垩世2个大量生烃阶段,烃源岩热演化程度较高,镜质体反射率（Rran）为1.44%~3.80%,平均2.83%,有机质进入高成熟-过高成熟阶段,生烃量较充足。总体上,区内烃源岩生烃潜力属于差-中级别,砂泥岩储集性能相对较好,含气量高。煤系盖层主要为封盖性好的细砂岩、煤层、泥质岩类,煤系烃源岩气体保存条件好。研究认为研究区的睢西区块烃源岩具有埋藏深度较浅、有效厚度大、孔隙度高、含气量和含气饱和度高、有机质成熟度高的特点,为豫东煤系气勘探的有利区块。 相似文献
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15.
ZOU Huayao HAO Fang ZHU Yangming GUO Tonglou CAI Xunyu LI Pingping ZHANG Xuefeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3)
Detailed geochemistry studies were conducted to investigate the origin of solid bitumens and hydrocarbon gases in the giant Puguang gas field. Two types of solid bitumens were recognized: low sulfur content, low reflectance (LSLR) solid bitumens in sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation and high sulfur content, high reflectance (HSHR) solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Upper Permian Changxing formations. Solid bitumens in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation correlate well with extracts from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic nonmarine source rocks in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and biomarker distribution. Solid bitumens in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations are distinctly different from extracts from the Cambrian and Silurian rocks but display reasonable correlation with extracts from the Upper Permian source rocks both in isotopic composition of the saturated and aromatic fractions and in biomarker distribution, suggesting that the Permian especially the Upper Permian Longtan Formation was the main source of solid bitumens in the carbonate reservoirs in the Feixianguan and Changxing formations in the Puguang gas field. Chemical and isotopic composition of natural gases indicates that the majority of hydrocarbon gases originated from sapropelic organic matter and was the products of thermal cracking of accumulated oils. This study indicates that source rock dominated by sapropelic organic matter existed in the Upper Permian and had made major contribution to the giant Puguang gas field, which has important implication for petroleum exploration in marine sequences in South China. 相似文献
16.
Gas systems in the Kuche Depression of the Tarim Basin: Source rock distributions, generation kinetics and gas accumulation history 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Wenzhi Zhao Shuichang Zhang Feiyu Wang Bernhard Cramer Jianping Chen Yongge Sun Baomin Zhang Mengjun Zhao 《Organic Geochemistry》2005,36(12):1583
Six petroleum source beds have been developed in the Kuche Depression (also known as “Kuqa Depression”) of the Tarim Basin, including three lacustrine source rocks (Middle and Upper Triassic Kelamayi and Huangshanjie formations, and Middle Jurassic Qiakemake Formation) and three coal measures (Upper Triassic Taliqike Formation, Lower Jurassic Yangxia Formation, and Middle Jurassic Kezilenuer Formation). While type I–II organic matter occurs in the Middle Jurassic Qiakemake Formation (J2q), other source beds contain dominantly type III organic matter. Gas generation rates and stable carbon isotopic kinetics of methane generation from representative source rocks collected in the Kuche Depression were measured and calculated using an on-line dry and open pyrolysis system. Combined with hydrocarbon generation history modelling, the formation and evolution processes of the Jurassic–Triassic highly efficient gas kitchens were established. High sedimentation rate in the Neogene and the fast deposition of the Kuche Formation within the Pliocene (5 Ma) in particular have led to the rapid increase in Mesozoic source rock maturity, resulting in significant dry gas generation. The extremely high gas generation rates from source kitchens have apparently expedited the formation of highly efficient gas accumulations in the Kuche Depression. Because different Mesozoic source rocks occur in different structural belts, the presence of both lacustrine and coaly gas kitchens during the Cenozoic time can be identified in the Kuche Depression. As shown by the chemical and stable carbon isotope compositions of the discovered gases, the formation of the giant gas pools in the Kela 2, Dina 2, Yaha and Wucan 1 have involved very different geological processes due to the difference in their gas source kitchens. 相似文献
17.
南祁连盆地木里坳陷部署的多个天然气水合物钻孔钻遇不同程度的水合物与油气显示伴生现象,指示该地区具有良好的油气勘探前景,有必要对已发现油气显示进行来源分析。由于水合物钻孔深度有限,针对DK-9孔4组油气显示样品,在开展现有烃源岩油源对比基础上,选取中侏罗统、上三叠统各5组代表性低熟烃源岩样品进行热模拟实验,模拟深部烃源岩生、排烃过程,将新生烃类再次与油气显示进行对比,进一步探究油气显示来源。结果显示,油气显示可分为两类(Ⅰ和Ⅱ),第Ⅰ类油气显示遭受生物降解作用,成熟度稍高,第Ⅱ类油气显示成熟度稍低;现有烃源岩主要分为三种类型(Ⅰ—Ⅲ),分别对应深度163.30~207.42 m、 207.42~348.50 m、357.90~586.50 m。结合常规油源对比、热模拟实验与地质条件分析,最终推测第Ⅰ类油气显示主要与第Ⅰ类烃源岩同源;第Ⅱ类油气显示主要与第Ⅱ类烃源岩同源,此外可能还有第Ⅲ类烃源岩或更深层烃源岩的贡献,即其母质来源既与中侏罗统烃源岩有关又与上三叠统烃源岩有关。 相似文献
18.
《China Geology》2019,2(2):133-141
Source rocks are the material basis of oil and gas generation and determine the potential resources of exploration blocks and have important research value. This paper studies the lithology, thickness, and geochemistry of Mesozoic source rocks in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf. The results show that the Mesozoic source rocks are mainly dark mudstone and coal-bearing strata. The total thickness of Lower–Middle Jurassic source rocks ranges from 100 m to 700 m, and that of Lower Cretaceous source rocks ranges from 50 m to 350 m. The overall thickness of Mesozoic source rocks is distributed in the NE direction and their thickness center is located in the Jilong Depression. The Lower–Middle Jurassic source rocks are mainly developed shallow marine dark mudstone and transitional coal measure strata. Those of the Lower Cretaceous are mainly mudstone of a fan delta front. Lower–Middle Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon source rocks are dominated by type III kerogen, with Lower–Middle Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks having high organic matter abundance and being medium–good hydrocarbon source rocks, while Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon source rocks have relatively poor quality. From northwest to southeast, the vitrinite reflectance Ro of Mesozoic source rocks increases gradually. Source rocks in the study area are divided into three types. The first hydrocarbon-generating area is mainly located in the southeastern region of the study area, and the Jilong Depression is the hydrocarbon-generating center. The results of this study can provide a basis for exploration of Mesozoic oil and gas resources in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf.© 2019 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献