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1.
城市垃圾性质及其填埋场的工程地质评价   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
卫生填埋是现阶段处理城市垃圾的主要方法,正确评价,选择填埋垃圾的工程性质对填埋场的设计极为重要;填埋场是一个综合性污染源,若处理不当,会产生严重的环境工程地质问题,做好填埋场的工程地质研究,对于水资源及环境保护具有重要意义,本文对城市垃圾的工程性质进行了分析,评价,从环境工程地质学的角度对合肥市清溪路垃圾埋场的地基勘察,主要工程地质问题及应采取的工程措施进行了探讨。  相似文献   

2.
城市垃圾填埋的主要环境地质问题   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
城市绝大多数垃圾填场设在土体中,土体性质是影响垃圾处理的一个重要因素。研究垃圾处理场中各种物质与地质环境的相互作用是环境地须学的一个重要议题。垃圾处理的环境地质研究主要包括以下几个方面:垃圾填埋场中的各种化学反应;垃圾填埋场中各种有害物质对环境的污染;垃圾填埋场的设计;垃圾填埋场泄漏废液的处理。  相似文献   

3.
垃圾卫生填埋中的一些岩土工程技术   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
垃圾卫生填埋是环境科学的重要研究内容,是一项综合性的研究课题。垃圾卫生填埋场高度和垃圾坝(或坑)深度的确定主要建立在岩土工程的稳定性理论基础上。在垃圾卫生填埋场中主要解决的防渗问题也是利用填埋场地质材料的渗透性质和现行的土工防渗技术,同时利用垃圾自身的物理力学特性解决填埋场排气等问题,而垃圾卫生填埋场的污水必须进行处理。从垃圾填埋场地质材料和垃圾自身的力学特性,结合某市垃圾卫生处理场实例对垃圾卫生填埋场中的一些岩土工程技术进行分析。  相似文献   

4.
城市固体废弃物填埋场的岩土工程问题   总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2  
刘毓氚  李琳  贺怀建 《岩土力学》2002,23(5):618-621
论述了国内外城市卫生填埋场相关的岩土工程问题及其研究现状,包括卫生填埋场填埋体物理力学性质、卫生填埋场的防渗系统和边坡稳定等一系列岩土工程问题,在此基础上初步探讨了我国城市卫生填埋场相关岩土工程问题的发展前景。  相似文献   

5.
威海是"最适宜人类居住的地方",但随着城市建设的快速发展,城市垃圾产生量不断增加,垃圾填埋场选址问题亟待解决。以威海市环翠区为研究对象,综合考虑地形地貌、土地利用规划、交通、水利规划、气象、地质、水文地质、工程地质、环境地质等多方面因素及经济效益和环境效益,从地质环境角度出发,选取5个层次共15个评价因子,采用层次—网格法进行了垃圾填埋场选址区划分析研究,划分出垃圾可填埋区、限制填埋区、禁止填埋区。并在限制填埋区和可填埋区,进一步优选出几个垃圾填埋场地的首选场址,可供规划、设计部门参考。  相似文献   

6.
城市固体垃圾填埋场选址的地质条件评价   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
随着我国工业化、城市化进程的加快,不断增长的城市垃圾及处置问题日益突出。卫生填埋是现阶段处理城市垃圾的主要方法。做好填埋场的地质条件研究,对填埋场选址及建设甚为重要。探讨城市固体垃圾填埋场选址应注意的地质问题,对其地质条件进行了分析和评价;根据GIS的技术特点及在填埋场选址中的具体应用,提出了解决问题的建议与对策。  相似文献   

7.
城市垃圾卫生填埋场对防渗帷幕注浆的要求较高,单纯的水泥注浆,由于水泥颗粒较粗、水泥浆液凝固时的析水率较高、水泥固结体抗酸稳定性较差,很难满足设计对防渗的要求.采用粘土水泥固化浆液相关性能均能满足垃圾填埋场防渗帷幕的要求。在长沙市垃圾卫生填埋场中应用实践行之有效,为此类帷幕注浆工程提供了一种较好的注浆方法。  相似文献   

8.
梁专明 《湖南地质》2002,21(1):69-72
城市生活垃圾卫生填埋场,必须进行水文地质工程地质环境地质综合勘查。长沙市的生活垃圾卫生填埋场勘查,采用了地形测量、水工环地质综合测绘、工程物探、工程钻探、压(注、抽)水试验、原位测试及室内试验等方法手段,提交的技术成果满足了设计、施工要求。  相似文献   

9.
以徐州某垃圾填埋场工程为例,以勘察工作成果为基础,对区域稳定性、地震效应等方面进行了探讨。重点研究和评价了水文地质条件,分析了垃圾填埋场建设所涉及的主要工程地质问题。研究结果表明:本场地的变形特性、边坡稳定性等满足填埋场使用要求,不会出现承压水突涌现象,填埋场的修建不会对地下水产生不良影响,场地作为垃圾填埋场的建筑场地是适宜的。  相似文献   

10.
随着我国城市化的发展,城市生活垃圾产量剧增,垃圾渗滤液对地下水的污染问题已成为当前主要的水环境污染问题。通过对阜新市城市垃圾填埋场地理、地质和气候特征的调查,结合阜新市城市发展现状,分析了阜新市城市垃圾填埋场垃圾成分,渗滤液产生量及渗滤液中污染物的浓度,得出了阜新市城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液中各种污染物污染地下水的源强度。采用数值模拟的方法,对垃圾渗滤液污染地下水的情况进行模拟分析,验证了模拟方法的正确性,并对今后的污染情况进行了预测分析。  相似文献   

11.
A good prediction of solid waste landfill settlement is important for landfill design and rehabilitation. A one-dimensional model which accounts for mechanical settlement and biodegradation processes is developed to simulate the settlement behavior of municipal solid waste landfill. The derivation of analytical solutions for specific conditions is introduced. The numerical approach, capable of coping with more general conditions, is also presented to estimate the spatial and temporal distribution of landfill settlement. The proposed model can simulate typical features of short- and long-term landfill settlement behaviors. With proper selection of parameter values, field measurements are well simulated by this model. The effects of some design parameters on the settlement behavior of municipal solid waste landfills are also examined with the help of this model.  相似文献   

12.
水泥垃圾土强度特性试验研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
施建勇  冒俊 《岩土力学》2009,30(7):1951-1954
以生活垃圾为地基的工程事例越来越多,但垃圾土的处理方法还没有形成系统的经验和成熟的设计计算理论。经过统计分析,按一定配比制备了人工垃圾土,分别进行了未降解、降解旺盛期、降解稳定期在水泥掺入量为25 %、35 %、45 % 3种条件下不同养护龄期水泥垃圾土的无侧限抗压试验,得到了硬化的应力-应变关系曲线和水泥垃圾土强度随养护龄期、水泥掺入量、降解阶段变化的规律。试验结果表明,垃圾土中的有机质既对水泥垃圾土有加筋作用,也有减弱水泥垃圾土强度形成的作用;未降解、降解旺盛期、降解稳定期水泥垃圾土的强度变化特性不同,水泥只对降解稳定的垃圾土有较好的处理效果。同时建议水泥的掺入量应大于35 %。  相似文献   

13.
Development of a master plan for industrial solid waste management   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Rapid industrial growth in the province of Khuzestan in the south west of Iran has resulted in disposal of about 1750 tons of solid waste per day. Most of these industrial solid wastes including hazardous wastes are disposed without considering environmental issues. This has contributed considerably to the pollution of the environment. This paper introduces a framework in which to develop a master plan for industrial solid waste management. There are usually different criteria for evaluating the existing solid waste pollution loads and how effective the management schemes are. A multiple criteria decision making technique, namely Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), is used for ranking the industrial units based on their share in solid waste related environmental pollution and determining the share of each unit in total solid waste pollution load. In this framework, a comprehensive set of direct, indirect, and supporting projects are proposed for solid waste pollution control. The proposed framework is applied for industrial solid waste management in the province of Khuzestan in Iran and a databank including GIS based maps of the study area is also developed. The results have shown that the industries located near the capital city of the province, Ahwaz, produce more than 32 percent of the total solid waste pollution load of the province. Application of the methodology also has shown that it can be effectively used for development of the master plan and management of industrial solid wastes.  相似文献   

14.
A new approach is proposed for incorporating solid solution reactions into mass conservation equations describing reaction paths in both closed and open systems. The method is applicable to problems involving advective, dispersive, and diffusive transport in a porous medium. By representing the continuously variable solid solution composition with a discrete set of stoichiometric solids that span composition space, combined with a kinetic formulation of their rates of reaction, a self-determining spatial and temporal evolution of the solid solution concentration and composition is obtained. It is demonstrated that equilibrium of an aqueous solution with a stoichiometric solid derived from a solid solution corresponds to equilibrium of the solid solution itself if and only if equilibrium of the stoichiometric solid is stable. One advantage of this approach is that it is unnecessary to introduce any additional compositional variables to represent the solid solution. Discretization may be over the entire range of composition space, or over some subset depending on the system. A major consequence of the kinetic discrete-composition solid solution representation is that modeling solid solutions is similar to modeling pure mineral phases with the exception of a weighting factor applied to reaction rates of stoichiometric solids corresponding to a common solid solution. With this approach, precipitation leads to a discrete zonation of the solid solution that approximates the continuous variation in composition expected for the actual solid solution. The approach is demonstrated for a hypothetical ideal and non-ideal binary solid solution AxB1−xC for a reaction path formulation and reactive transport involving advection and diffusion.  相似文献   

15.
Approximate mixing properties of the dominant calcium silicate end-member components of natural garnets, namely grossularite, andradite and uvarovite, have been derived through theoretical thermodynamic and crystal chemical analysis, and appropriate reduction of the available experimental data. The stability of the solid solution with respect to phase separation in the ternary system has been analyzed. Finally, a general model is presented as to the approximate mixing properties of multicomponent natural garnet solid solution involving substitutions in both eight and six coordinated sites.  相似文献   

16.
In this work, the elastic buckling of porous solids was investigated using a lattice spring model (LSM). The capability of the LSM to solve elastic buckling problems was comprehensively verified by comparing well-established numerical and analytical solutions. Following this, the buckling of a porous solid was studied, in which two porous structures were considered, ie, the random porous model and the Voronoi porous model. The results reveal that both the porosity and the shape of the pores influence the elastic buckling bearing capacity of the porous solid. Finally, the mechanical responses of a porous solid with an extra high porosity (0.85) were numerically investigated. Our numerical results demonstrated that the nonlinear elastic response of the porous solid might come from its mesoscale elastic buckling. This work shows the ability and promise of using the LSM as a fundamental numerical tool for the deep investigation of the buckling mechanical behavior of porous solids.  相似文献   

17.
In this paper, we present a brief review of the thermodynamic equilibrium of binary solid solution-aqueous solution (SS-AS) systems and derive an expression that allows us to evaluate the supersaturation or undersaturation of a given aqueous solution with respect to the whole range of solid compositions: the δ(x) function. Such an expression is based on the two conditions that define the SS-AS thermodynamic equilibrium. The derivation of the new supersaturation function, δ(x), was made by considering in detail the compositional relationships between solid and aqueous phases. To represent the new formulation on Lippmann diagrams, we have defined a new thermodynamic concept: the “actual activity.” In addition, we show how our supersaturation function behaves for both ideal and subregular solid solutions. The behaviour and applicability of both the δ(x) function and a previous supersaturation function, β(x), defined by Prieto et al. (1993), is discussed.  相似文献   

18.
当今采矿业仍然使用全陷法开采,致使矿区环境遭到十分强烈的破坏。为了环境保护的需要,德国等许多国家积极开展利用废物进行地下充填的新的采矿法,使矿区环境得到保护以及采矿业达到可持续发展。文中以德国鲁尔矿区为例,充分论述了矿区的地质和水文地质条件对地下填埋场或地下充填场选址的约束,以及如何对矿床的地质和水文地质条件进行充分调查和分析,优选出安全可靠的固体废物的地下填埋场或地下充填场地,使采矿业的发展和环境保护的需求之间达到最优化的联合。重点介绍了德国地下填埋场的充填技术,适合于地下充填废物的筛选;对地下填埋场选址的地质条件约束,主要通过地质、岩性、地质构造分析和水文地质条件约束来确定,最后优选出最安全的地下填埋场。  相似文献   

19.
In this paper it will be shown how the problem of solid wastes collection and disposal can be formulated as a dynamic mixed-integer linear programming model. The developed model can be used for the determination of sites for landfills, transfer stations, recycling centers and the periodical routing of collection vehicles in order to reduce the cost of municipal solid wastes transport and disposal. The model has been tested by applying it to a hypothetical municipal solid waste system. The possibility of using the developed model for managing and planning the municipal solid wastes system of the Dammam metropolitan area, Saudi Arabia will be discussed.The model is general in structure and can be used to address other problems such as the problem of hazardous wastes management, petroleum products distribution and food processing industries.  相似文献   

20.
The properties of the regular solution are described. A solid solution is assigned certain theoretical values of the heat of mixing and the results of the distribution of a component between two coexisting solutions are shown graphically on Roozeboom diagrams. Such representations may be useful in explaining the distribution of elements observed in natural mineral assemblages.  相似文献   

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