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1.
从花岗岩的Sm—Nd同位素探讨华南中下地壳的组成,性质和演化 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
现有２４０个花岗岩体的Ｎｄ同位素资料表明,华南内陆花岗岩可能主要由地壳部分熔融成成。从壳源花岗岩提取源岩成分信息的方法是把这种花岗岩的同位素成分同出露的元古代弱变质地壳的相应资料作比较。野外关系说明,华南内陆花岗岩侵入毗邻的围岩,因此其形成深度应该出现在出露的深度大。。因为这些花岗岩的定位深度一般在5～15km之间,这些壳源花岗岩可能代表一种中地壳探度的熔融．它们的同位索成分应能提供在这一探度上地壳成分的信息。根据华南壳源花岗岩同出露的元古代弱变质地壳岩石的Sm—Nd同位素对比,华南内陆大部分地区在中地壳探度上存在中性至长英质成分的地壳,并且从早古生代到中生代不曾发生过明显变化。但是花岗岩浆的分异作用所导致的Sm、Nd分馏可能是亲石元素矿化的一个重要控制因素。 相似文献
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华南花岗岩-火山岩成因研究的几个问题 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
华南花岗岩-火山岩具幕式多期次产出的特点,成因类型和形成过程错综复杂。与世界其它地区相比,华南花岗岩-火山岩演化及其成矿作用是有鲜明特色的。近半个世纪的研究,逐步认识了华南花岗岩-火山岩的多样性及其时空分布格架,初步认识到其多样性受控于不同的地壳基底物质成分、不同的构造动力学背景、不同的壳幔相互作用过程等因素。但由于华南地质的特殊性和复杂性,不少具体的成岩成矿物质来源、空间和构造背景,甚至基础地质理论问题有待解析。华南深部地质及围绕华南的构造边界条件对花岗岩-火山岩成因的制约是目前的研究薄弱环节。本文提出了与中-新生代地质有关的值得研究的几个问题,包括：（1）三条低Nd模式年龄带及A型花岗岩;（2）四条火山岩带及壳幔相互作用;（3）全岩Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素示踪;（4）花岗岩构造地质。 相似文献
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初论华南加里东花岗岩与大规模成矿作用的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
华南加里东期的花岗岩类在强度和广度上仅次于燕山期花岗岩,是华南大花岗岩省的重要组成部分。但是前人对于
加里东期花岗岩类与成矿关系的报道较少,早期的研究甚至认为加里东期花岗岩一般不成矿。本文根据对近年来在某些地
区和矿床出现的加里东期花岗岩类及相关矿化现象的初步研究成果,并结合对相关文献的调研,提出华南地区加里东期花
岗岩类与该地区钨锡等金属大规模成矿作用之间具有相当密切的关系。这种关系主要表现在三个方面：（1）某些加里东期
花岗岩、尤其是那些演化比较充分的加里东晚期花岗岩可能在晚阶段直接形成矿床,如湘东南的彭公庙、桂北的牛塘界、
桂东北的桂岭、右江地区的钦甲等花岗岩体,但是其重要性相对较小;（2）某些加里东期花岗岩可能为该地区较晚期的成
矿作用提供部分成矿物质来源,如在赣南的石雷、粤北的梅子窝等钨矿床可能有这种情况,在湘南的益将,加里东期的石
英闪长岩为风化壳型稀土- 钪矿化直接提供了成矿物质来源。（3）更为重要的是华南地区正是从加里东期开始进入了陆内
演化的阶段,加里东期花岗岩类开启了以地壳物质重熔为主的华南大花岗岩省形成和发展的重要一幕,标志着华南陆壳进
入不断成熟、亲石成矿元素不断向陆壳富集的阶段,多旋回花岗岩浆活动及其演化使钨锡等金属元素在燕山期花岗岩中高
度富集,并最终导致了华南地区举世瞩目的燕山期大规模成矿作用。 相似文献
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新疆阿尔泰花岗岩类源区物质的定量模拟 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
刘伟 《大地构造与成矿学》1991,15(3):199-207
对产出于阿尔泰、额尔齐斯、乌化古三条构造-岩浆带上的六个典型岩体进行了源区岩石化学组成和初始熔体部分熔融程度的定量模拟。模拟结果表明:六个岩体的ε_(Sr)~t值多介于0-120之间,源区岩石多为地幔物质与陆壳物质的混合源,地壳柱中成熟陆壳所占比例较少,反映了中亚型地洼区在地壳化学结构上的一个重要特征.从北往南,ε_(Sr)~t值与壳源锶所占百分率逐渐减小,反映了从地槽造山带核心部位往边缘部位往边缘部位,地壳柱中成熟陆壳所占比例逐渐减小。初始熔浆部分熔融程度温度、压力呈正消长关系。 相似文献
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Ion-adsorption REE deposits associated with clay minerals are the main global HREE producer. The majority of these deposits are formed by the weathering of granites in South China, but whether there is any fundamental difference between the granites in and outside South China is still unclear. Besides, an effective evaluation system of granite mineralization potential is urgently needed for HREE exploration.To answer this question, we compiled a global granite geochemical dataset from within (n = 1932) and outside (n = 6109) South China, together with a dataset of representative REE deposits in South China (n = 128). The geochemical comparation shows that the South China granites share similar REE contents with those of many granites from places outside South China. Such similarity has also been found between REE ore-related and ore-barren granites in South China. This shows that granites from outside South China could also have ore-forming potential. Warm humid climate and quasi-equalized crustal state promote chemical weathering to continuously leach REEs and store them in the weathering crust. The enrichment ratio (Rx) can be used to quantify the climatic effect between orebodies and parent rocks. The calculated average Enrichment Ratios (Rx) of LREE- and HREE-rich deposits are 2.41 and 2.68, respectively. Sufficient REE content in granite is the prerequisite for mineralization, and we propose that the combination of the minimum REE + Y (172 and 108 ppm in LREE- and HREE-rich parent rocks, respectively) and REE oxide ratio (1.32) can reveal the granite metallogenic potential. Together with the suitable tropical and temperate climate area with ion-adsorption REE deposits, we further identified certain regions with high REE mineralization potential outside South China to assist future exploration. 相似文献
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华南地区新元古代花岗岩铀成矿机制——以摩天岭花岗岩为例 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
华南是我国重要的花岗岩型铀成矿区,印支期-燕山期花岗岩是最主要的产铀花岗岩。广西北部形成于新元古代的摩天岭岩体是我国目前已知的最古老的产铀花岗岩体之一。前人对华南印支-燕山期花岗岩的铀成矿作用研究较深入,但对以摩天岭岩体为代表的新元古代古老花岗岩的铀成矿作用研究程度较低。本文以摩天岭花岗岩体为对象,进行了岩石学、地球化学、年代学及其铀矿成矿特征和规律的深入研究,取得以下认识:1)摩天岭岩体规模巨大,相带分布明显,内部相带和过渡相带发育,岩性主要为黑云母花岗岩、二云母花岗岩和含电气石二云母花岗岩,花岗岩体具有富硅富碱、铝过饱和、钾大于钠的特点,属S型花岗岩; 2)摩天岭岩体形成于850～760Ma之间的新元古代; 3)摩天岭岩体铀成矿潜力巨大,铀矿化以铀-绿泥石型和铀-硅化带型为主,铀-绿泥石型的代表矿床——达亮矿床形成于360～401Ma,是加里东期区域变质及构造活动共同作用的结果;铀-硅化带型铀矿的代表——新村铀矿形成于47Ma,是喜马拉雅期伸展构造作用下构造-热液活动共同作用的结果; 4)摩天岭岩体中铀矿床的铀源来自于元古界四堡群、丹州群和摩天岭岩体本身;成矿流体主要来源于大气降水,同时有深部流体的参与;热源主要与加里东期区域变质作用和喜马拉雅期伸展背景下的构造作用关系密切; 5)摩天岭岩体铀成矿经过了新元古代铀预富集、加里东晚期到海西早期的区域变质-构造热液成矿作用、喜马拉雅期的构造热液成矿作用等几个阶段,形成了类型丰富、规模较大的铀矿床,铀找矿潜力巨大。 相似文献
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中国大陆地壳铅同位素演化的动力学模型 总被引：38，自引：9，他引：29
根据中国大陆中、新生代花岗岩长铅同位素数据库,沿用“铅构造模型”的基本思想并作部分改进,建立了中国大陆地壳铅同位素的动力学演化模型。与全球平均的铅同位素演化曲线相比,中国大陆地壳的原始物质相对较贫铀富钍,并且中国大陆的上地壳和下地壳在演化过程中分异得更加彻底。将本模型应用于大别地区中生代花岗岩长石铅同位素数据,结果发现它们具有壳幔铅混合的特征,并且以上下地壳物质混合产生的类地幔铅为主,花岗岩源岩中含有较高的富Th下地壳组分。 相似文献
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西藏过铝花岗岩锆石群型的成因信息 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
锆石是西藏过铝花岗岩最重要的副矿物,为了探讨过铝花岗岩的成因,对西藏过铝花岗岩体中的锆石含量、晶体形态和群型分布特征进行了研究,结果表明,可明显分出5种锆石晶体形态;锆石主要在过铝环境条件下,岩浆结晶温度较低时形成,结晶范围为600～900℃,其中冈底斯带结晶温度高于喜马拉雅带。不同构造-岩浆带锆石群型特征反映的成因信息不同,喜马拉雅带为壳源成因,而冈底斯带除了壳源成因之外,还有幔源成分的加入,反映了青藏高原岩石圈组成和演化的不均一性。 相似文献
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内蒙古敖包吐萤石矿床的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
敖包吐萤石矿床是内蒙古北部苏莫查干地区单一萤石矿集区中的一个代表性矿床,产于早二叠世大石寨组火山-沉积岩与早白垩世敖包吐花岗岩的接触带上。文章通过分析该矿床岩、矿石的微量元素和稀土元素,揭示出萤石的成矿作用可分为2个阶段,即交代作用和充填作用。交代作用过程中大石寨组的结晶灰岩可能为萤石的形成提供了部分Ca来源,萤石矿石的稀土元素配分模式与海水基本类似,具有Ce负异常;成矿作用后期主要表现为充填作用,形成颗粒粗大的萤石,表现为重稀土元素富集的特征,并随着萤石的沉淀析出,稀土元素总量逐渐下降,反映出成矿流体经历了较长期的演化过程。各地层单元、花岗岩体和萤石矿石的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素研究表明,萤石的放射性同位素组成具有壳、幔源混合的特点,成矿物质来源具有多源性。早白垩世敖包吐花岗岩可能是萤石中F的主要来源,而大石寨组的结晶灰岩则可能提供了Ca。另外,Pb、Nd同位素的极大不均一性,有可能是成矿流体在运移过程中对艾力格庙群放射性组分的选择性吸收的结果。萤石成矿作用与钾玄岩的时空关系暗示了萤石的成矿过程可能是中国东部岩石圈减薄和下地壳的置换地质事件的结果。在构造转型的过程中,燕山中期富碱的酸性花岗岩浆的活动分异出富含F的成矿流体,与幔源流体混合,沿区域重新活化的深大断裂和大石寨组的层间破碎带上升,交代其间的灰岩透镜体,从而形成敖包吐中型萤石矿床。 相似文献
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本文对产于桐柏北部二朗坪蛇绿岩片中加里东期桃园岩体和燕山期梁湾岩体花岗岩进行了系统的主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb 同位素地球化学研究。研究表明,桃园花岗岩与二朗坪基性岩具有相同的岩浆来源,两者均来自于亏损地幔源区,其中桃园花岗岩浆来自于基性岩浆的分异结晶,是与蛇绿岩共生的岩浆侵入单元,形成于与洋壳消减作用有关的弧后盆地环境,从而支持了二朗坪蛇绿岩属弧后盆地型蛇绿岩的认识。梁湾花岗岩的岩浆物质来自于南部(南秦岭)陆壳物质的部分熔融,指示在桐柏北部(北秦岭)的深部地壳中含有南秦岭陆壳物质,从而进一步证明了早期南秦岭陆壳向北俯冲叠置于北秦岭块体之下的认识。 相似文献
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PENG Bingxi WANG Yuejun FAN Weiming PENG Touping and LIANG Xinquan Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong Graduate School of the C 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(5):660-669
1 Introduction Much attention has been paid to the structure, magmatism and sedimentation associated with the Indosinian Orogeny within the South China Block (SCB) since Deprat (1914) and Fromagat (1932) proposed the term “Indosinian movement” based on two unconformities between pre-Norian and pre-Rhaetian times during the early Triassic in Vietnam. However, this timing has been debated in terms of the Indosinian tectonic evolution within the SCB (Guo et al., 1983; Hsü et al., 1990… 相似文献
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Single Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Dating of the Guandimiao and Wawutang Granitic Plutons in Hunan, South China and Its Petrogenetic Significance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 CHEN Weifeng CHEN Peirong ZHOU Xinmin HUANG Hongye DING Xing SUN Tao The Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu No. Research Institute CNNC Changsh Hunan 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(1):81-89
1 Introduction The South China Block (SCB), located between the Qinling-Dabie and Songma Indosinian sutures, experienced successively two important tectonic movements during the Mesozoic, i.e. the Indosinian movement (early Mesozoic) and the Yanshanian movement (late Mesozoic). Therefore, the generally accepted viewpoint is that the key geological problems during the Mesozoic are essentially the dynamics and material expression of these two tectonic movements in South China (Chen et al.… 相似文献
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以往将位于湘南、桂东北的都庞岭花岗岩基分为西体、中体和东体三部分。野外观察和岩相学研究表明,都庞岭中体和东体主要由黑云母正长花岗岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和二云母二长花岗岩组成,岩石具斑状结构,部分钾长石斑晶呈椭球状至球状,具斜长石环边,构成环斑结构。采用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb法获得都庞岭中体和东体中环斑花岗岩的侵位年龄分别为226.6±6.9 Ma和209.7±3.1 Ma,均属于晚三叠世,相当于印支晚期。都庞岭环斑花岗岩富硅、碱,贫钛、磷、镁和钙,其Rb、Cs、Th、U、REE、Pb、Y含量和Rb/Sr、Rb/Ba比值较高,而Sr、Ba含量和Zr/Hf比值(8.16~25.01)较低,具强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.02~0.13),10000×Ga/Al比值(2.64~4.38,平均3.15)高,显示A型花岗岩的地球化学特征。与华南印支早期S型花岗岩相比,都庞岭环斑花岗岩的εNd(t)值(-8.0~-8.3)明显偏高(前者低于-10),而tDM2值(1624~1645 Ma)则明显偏低(前者1800 Ma),表明它们可能直接源于地壳物质的部分熔融,但成岩过程中有地幔物质的参与。都庞岭环斑花岗岩的发现及其时代的确定,揭示了晚三叠世华南东部处于大陆裂解或造山后伸展的构造环境。结合华南东部沉积/岩石大地构造分析,认为华南早中生代构造体制的转换发生在中、晚三叠世,而非前人所认为的发生在中、晚侏罗世;同时,环斑花岗岩的出现,指示了华南中生代大规模成矿作用的来临,晚三叠世是华南中生代大规模成矿的第一个高峰期。 相似文献
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内蒙古浩尧尔忽洞金矿位于华北地台北缘西段中元古代白云鄂博台缘凹陷带西部,矿区内有大面积花岗质岩体和岩脉出露,其岩性主要包括石英二长闪长岩、二长花岗岩和碱长花岗岩。通过岩相学特征和岩石地球化学特征分析,结合区域上同类型岩体的侵入时代,认为浩尧尔忽洞岩体形成于华北板块与西伯利亚板块同碰撞-后碰撞环境。其中二长花岗岩形成于同碰撞环境,该环境下由于板片持续俯冲,引起俯冲板片及地幔楔发生熔融,其上侵带来的热量致使下地壳物质部分熔融而形成该类型岩石的母岩浆;石英二长闪长岩形成于碰撞后隆起环境,是加厚下地壳熔融的产物;碱长花岗岩属于晚造山期A型花岗岩系列,该阶段地幔玄武质岩浆底侵,导致下地壳物质熔融,部分与其发生混染。结合浩尧尔忽洞金矿的成矿年龄、成矿流体特征及赋矿岩石有机地球化学特征,认为岩体的侵位提供了矿床形成必不可少的热量及部分成矿流体来源。 相似文献
17.
桐柏北部燕山期花岗岩对地壳深部物质组成的地球化学示踪 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
通过对桐柏北部燕山期老湾岩体和梁湾岩体花岗岩主元素、微量元素和Ｐｂ－Ｓｒ－Ｎｄ同位素地球化学的研究,分析了岩浆的物质来源,并用来指示地壳深部组成。结果表明,老湾 和梁弯花岗岩均属壳源型花岗岩,岩浆物质并不一自于北在底和华北克拉通南缘基底,而是来自南秦岭构造块体中桐柏杂岩的部分熔融。这表明在桐柏北部的深部地壳中,含有南秦岭的地壳物质,从而进一步证明了早期南秦岭陆壳向北俯冲并叠置于北秦岭块体之下的认识 相似文献
18.
Abstract. The Cornubian Batholith comprises six major and several smaller bodies of S‐type granite in southwestern England. These late‐Variscan granites comprise two‐mica granites, and much less abundant Li‐mica granites that are restricted to one of the major bodies (St Austell) and smaller bodies. Some of these intrusive rocks are associated with major Sn mineralization. This paper is concerned with the geochemistry of the two‐mica granites, which are felsic, strongly peraluminous, and have a high total alkali content and low Na:K. Rocks with very similar compositions to these granites occur elsewhere, including the Variscan granites of continental Europe, and in southeastern Australia. In detail all of the major plutons of this batholith have distinctive compositions, except for Bodmin Moor and Carnmenellis which cannot be discriminated from each other compositionally. A comparison with experimental data shows that the granites attained their major element composition under conditions of crystal‐liquid equilibrium, with the final melt being saturated in H2O, at temperatures close to 770d?C and pressures about 50 MPa. That temperature estimate is in good agreement with values obtained from zircon saturation thermometry. The specific minimum‐temperature composition excludes the possibility of widespread transfer of elements during hydrothermal alteration. Minor elements that are relatively very abundant are Li, B, Cs and U, while F, Ga, Ge, Rb, Sn, Ta, W and Tl are quite abundant and P is high for felsic rocks. Sr, Ba, and the trace transition metals Sc to Zn, are low, but not as low as they commonly are in very felsic granites. These trace element abundances, and the EL2O‐saturation, resulted from the fractional crystallization of a melt derived by the partial melting of feldspathic greywackes in the crust. The Cornubian granites have compositions very similar to the more felsic rocks of the Koetong Suite of southeastern Australia, where a full range of granites formed at the various stages of magmatic fractionation postulated for the Cornubian granites, can be observed. The operation of fractional crystallization in the Cornubian granites is confirmed by the high P abundances in the feldspars, with P contents of the plagioclase crystals correlating with Ab‐con‐tent Most of the granites represent solidified melt compositions but within the Dartmoor pluton there is a significant component of granites that are cumulative, shown by their higher Ca contents. The Cornubian plutons define areas of high heat flow, of a magnitude which requires that fractionated magmas were transported laterally from their sources and concentrated in the exposed plutons. The generation of these granite plutons therefore involved magmatic fractionation during the stages of partial melting, removal of unmelted material from that melt, and fractional crystallization. During the later stages of those processes, movement of those magmas occurred on a crustal scale. 相似文献
19.
T.V. Donskaya D.P. Gladkochub V.S. Fedorovsky A.M. Mazukabzov M. Cho W. Cheong J. Kim 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2013,54(10):1205-1218
We present geological, structural, and geochemical data on synmetamorphic granitoids from the Tutai and South Ol’khon plutons of the Ol’khon terrane (Central Asian Fold Belt) with an estimation of the U–Pb zircon age of the Tutai granites. The structural and petrological data suggest the synfolding and synmetamorphic origin of the granitoids. The U–Pb zircon age of the Tutai granites (488.6 ± 8.0 Ma) almost coincides with the previously estimated age of quartz syenites from the South Ol’khon pluton (495 ± 6 Ma). The plutons occupy the same position in the regional structure. The granitoids underwent final deformations and metamorphism at 464 ± 11 Ma. The Tutai pluton consists of moderately potassic granites, whereas the South Ol’khon pluton is made up of quartz syenites and granites. The geochemical characteristics of the granites from both plutons (low Y and Yb contents, fractionated REE patterns) indicate their formation under conditions of garnet crystallization in deep crustal restite. The higher Y and Yb contents of the South Ol’khon quartz syenites as compared with those of the granites suggest the lack of equilibrium between the quartz syenite magmas and garnet parageneses during their formation or evolution. The Tutai and South Ol’khon granites were derived from quartz-feldspar crustal rocks, whereas the South Ol’khon quartz syenites might have originated from a mixed (crust-mantle) source. It is presumed that the granitoids formed within accretion-thickened crust. Early accretion, which has been first identified in the region, affected not only the Pribrezhnaya zone (the zone of the Tutai and South Ol’khon plutons) but also the entire Anga–Satyurty megazone of the Ol’khon terrane. The accretion ended with the convergence and oblique collision of the Ol’khon terrane and Siberian continent, when strike-slip tectonics became ubiquitous. 相似文献
20.
澜沧江西侧的临沧花岗岩带和怒江以西的腾冲花岗岩带是滇西最主要的两个花岗岩带,它们形成于不同构造环境。Pb、Sr 同位素研究表明,腾冲花岗岩主要来源于1200-2000Ma 的上地壳(或未分异的地壳)物质,同位素组成变化范围较小,说明源区物质组分较均一。临沧带 Pb 同位素组成变化较大,其物源是上地壳、造山带和上地幔不均匀的混合物,基底时代为800-1600Ma。因此,临沧地区和腾冲地区的基底时代和性质不同,应视为两个不同的基底地体。 相似文献