共查询到14条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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断层泥蠕变特性与含水量的关系研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
断层泥的瞬时力学性质和蠕变特性与含水量关系密切,其力学参数随含水量增加而减少,呈负指数函数关系。界限含水量划分具有很大的意义,某地f246断层泥界限含水量为8%～10%. 相似文献
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三山岛金矿控矿断层F1的力学性质及补强措施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作者以正在开采中的三山岛金矿采场为研究对象，分析矿区开采过程中的岩体结构特征及重力方向矿柱、护顶矿柱与控矿断层F1断层泥及其上覆岩体之间的关系和力学机制。通过试验研究了断层泥的物质成分和力学性质，总结了力学特性与断层泥厚度及含水量之间的关系。在此基础上提出锚固大于中倾角的结构面，提高结构面的抗滑阻力；增加含有高、陡倾角结构面矿柱的刚度等对矿柱的补强措施。对护顶矿柱提出预先锚固；分阶段开采的补强方法。在裂隙密集带设置排水设施，改善断层泥的赋存条件，提高它的力学性能。 相似文献
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断层破碎带中的透镜体及透镜体力学效应初步研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
断层破碎带中的透镜体及透镜体力学效应研究在文献中不多见。但是许多断层尤其是扭性断层中的透镜体非常发育,这些透镜体往往控制断层破碎带的强度大小和变形破坏机理,是工程岩体中必须重视的工程地质力学问题。作者经研究认为:(1)透镜体类型多种;(2)透镜体周边一般具断层泥线或泥膜分布;(3)透镜体内具有节理裂隙系统;(4)透镜体周边可以当作结构面或软弱结构面看待;(5)透镜体本身可以作为一个复合结构体看待。在原位力学试验中也揭示了断层泥透镜体在原位剪切试验和单轴压缩试验中的若干力学行为,其表现是:(1)透镜体周边具有结构面力学效应;(2)断层泥透镜体控制着强度大小、变形破坏机理。 相似文献
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探究断层泥力学行为是研究断裂带工程地质效应的基础,以延安神道沟断裂带断层泥为对象,借助颗粒分析、X射线衍射等微观测试手段研究了3种颜色断层泥的组构特征,并通过环剪试验分析了不同含水率条件下重塑断层泥的力学行为。研究结果表明:单峰型粒径曲线的断层泥级配明显优于双峰型,石英、云母和长石为主要的非黏土矿物,黏土矿物则以伊利石和高岭石为主,赤铁矿与绿泥石的相对含量是造成断层泥颜色差异的主要原因;受含水率和粗颗粒含量的影响,断层泥应变软化特征显著,应变软化随着含水率增大呈现先增强后减弱的变化规律,当含水率小于塑限含水率时,应变软化特征则随着粗颗粒含量升高而趋弱;内摩擦角是影响应变软化特征的主要力学指标,峰值内摩擦角和残余内摩擦角均与含水率呈负相关;矿物含量影响内摩擦角的变化,在5%和10%含水率条件下,内摩擦角随非黏土矿物含量的升高而增大。 相似文献
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金川露天矿F1、F2断层深力学特性的实验研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本文以室内力学实验结果为依据, 探讨了断层泥常规力学特性及与时间有关的蠕变特性, 并从瞬时变形、蠕变变形、强度、破坏等方面探讨了水岩相互作用结果。 相似文献
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断层泥的强度参数对断层的强度有重要影响,而断层泥的强度参数与其胶结度和含水率密切相关。通过对不同胶结度和含水率断层泥试样开展直剪试验,获得了断层泥的主要强度参数——黏聚力 和内摩擦角 ,并对其与含水率和胶结度的关系进行了分析研究,取得了如下结论：（1）不同胶结度断层泥试样的内摩擦角均随含水率的升高而降低,但降低程度较小;（2）不同胶结度断层泥试样黏聚力随含水率升高而变化的过程可划分为3个阶段,即上升期、急剧下降期、缓慢下降期,这3个阶段由第一拐点和第二拐点分隔开;（3）随着胶结度的增大,断层泥试样的内摩擦角逐渐升高,但变化不大,且内摩擦角随含水率升高而降低的程度有逐渐减小的趋势;（4）随着胶结度的增大,断层泥试样黏聚力第一拐点位置的含水率迅速增大,而第二拐点位置含水率的变化相对较小;（5）断层泥胶结度与第一拐点含水率的关系可用二次多项式函数进行描述。 相似文献
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为了看清断层力学的理论全貌,文章研究了断层力学的发展脉络、应有体系、框架性缺失,总结了学术各界关注点及研究内容差异。结果表明断层力学关联领域存在尺度差异和目标差异,断层力学是多学科纽带,却是"三不管"地带。岩石裂纹和含内部构造的断层之间存在尺度差异和变形速度差异。断层力学的百年发展经历了从外力研究断层-构造应力场-滑移线场研究断层三个阶段,这三个阶段总的发展方向就是逐渐简化、实用化,阻碍了定量理论的发展。"Mohr范式"是支撑,带有实用化、简单化特点,也阻碍了断层力学向机理化和定量化方向发展。断层研究存在正演和反演两类方法,正演主要包括实验断层力学和理论断层力学两类途径,正演和反演结合是未来发展方向。"地质力学"秉承"力学统一律",体现断层空间联系和力学联系,属于"广义断层力学"范畴。"广义断层力学"体系适用"统一发展,关注联系"发展途径,"狭义断层力学"体系适用"分散发展,各自攻克"发展途径。先存断层或薄弱带控制后生断层,并影响应力展布,"应力制约论"是重要方向。未来将产生"流变摩擦学"和"断层岩组构摩擦学"两个方向,"断层岩组构摩擦学"应整合显微构造学成就,研究岩石组构稳定特征、流变特征、广义摩擦特征等,需要将显微构造学唯象理论上升到大尺度断层力学理论中,将岩石组构引入到岩石力学实验中。不同尺度关注点不同、理论不同、取用参数不同,加剧了研究群体的隔离。断层内泥粒是可以迁移的,由此产生"断层泥粒迁移学"。断层闭锁的概念需要重新考虑,未来研究应立足"慢应变"和"大尺度"的断层摩擦延展力学。 相似文献
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软弱层带夹泥粒度成分的分形研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用分形几何理论，对软弱层带夹泥粒度成分的研究表明，粒度分布具有分形结构特征，其分维值在２－３之间。分维值可作为定量描述夹泥粒度成分的参数。分维值的大小，不仅能表征夹泥所处的演化阶段及环境条件，而且还与夹泥的粘粒含量，粘土矿物成分及物理力学特征等密切相关。 相似文献
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We have examined microstructures, mineralogical composition, geochemical alteration, and texture of four selected fault rock samples from the Deep Geodynamical Laboratory (DGLab) Gulf of Corinth project using optical microscopy, cathodoluminescence microscopy (CL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements. The fault core is composed of red and gray clayey gouge material and surrounded by a damage zone of brecciated limestones. Pressure solution features, calcite veins and calcite clasts in the breccia and gouge material attest the presence of paleo-fluids and fluid-driven mass transfer during deformation. Differences in CL-colors between the matrix and calcite vein cement and inside the vein cement suggest repeated infiltration of fluids with different composition from various sources (formation water and meteoric water). Twin lamellae densities estimated in calcite veins are used as paleo-piezometer. The deduced differential stress is ∼140 ± 70 MPa for the older vein generation and appears to be higher than stress for the youngest veins (45 ± 23 MPa). In spite of the relatively small clay content in both samples, newly formed clay minerals have been observed in gray as well as red clayey gouge material. Differences between gray and red clay gouge material are found in fault rock composition, porosity and clay fabric. The proportion of chlorite in the red gouge is significantly less than that in the gray gouge whereas the initial porosity is significantly higher than in the gray gouge material. The detection of a well-oriented clay fabric in red clay gouge samples is unique in comparison to other major fault zones. 相似文献
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To investigate the physical processes operating in active fault zones, we conduct analogue laboratory experiments where we track the morphological and mechanical evolution of an interface during slip. Our laboratory friction experiments consist of a halite (NaCl) slider held under constant normal load that is dragged across a coarse sandpaper substrate. This set-up is a surrogate for a fault surface, where brittle and plastic deformation mechanisms operate simultaneously during sliding. Surface morphology evolution, frictional resistance and infra-red emission are recorded with cumulative slip. After experiments, we characterize the roughness developed on slid surfaces, to nanometer resolution, using white light interferometry. We directly observe the formation of deformation features, such as slip parallel linear striations, as well as deformation products or gouge. The striations are often associated with marginal ridges of positive relief suggesting sideways transport of gouge products in the plane of the slip surface in a snow-plough-like fashion. Deeper striations are commonly bounded by triangular brittle fractures that fragment the salt surface and efficiently generate a breccia or gouge. Experiments with an abundance of gouge at the sliding interface have reduced shear resistance compared to bare surfaces and we show that friction is reduced with cumulative slip as gouge accumulates from initially bare surfaces. The relative importance of these deformation mechanisms may influence gouge production rate, fault surface roughness evolution, as well as mechanical behavior. Finally, our experimental results are linked to Nature by comparing the experimental surfaces to an actual fault surface, whose striated morphology has been characterized to centimeter resolution using a laser scanner. It is observed that both the stress field and the energy dissipation are heterogeneous at all scales during the maturation of the interface with cumulative slip. Importantly, we show that the formation of striations on fault planes by mechanical abrasion involves transport of gouge products in the fault plane not only along the slip direction, but also perpendicular to it. 相似文献