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安徽马鞍山磷铝石宝石矿物学特征研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
近年来在安徽马鞍山地区所在的绿松石矿体附近,相继发现一种绿色、半透明的磷铝石,部分达到宝石级别。本文采用电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射仪、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、紫外可见光谱仪等测试技术,对该地区磷铝石的化学成分、矿物成分、微观结构和光谱特征进行对比验证和综合分析,研究其水的赋存形式,进而对磷铝石的呈色机制作了深入探讨。电子探针分析显示该地区磷铝石的化学成分主要以Al、P元素组成,含微量的Fe、V元素。X射线粉晶衍射与红外吸收光谱分析表明主要矿物为磷铝石,基本不含有其他杂质矿物;磷铝石是一种水合磷酸盐矿物,含有结晶水以及少量结构水的矿物,且结晶水与结构水多与Al3+(Fe3+)相结合的形式存在。偏光显微镜和扫描电镜观察显示磷铝石整体以鳞片状集合体产出,微观上多以短柱状及板片状堆积,单个晶体显示斜方晶系结晶生长习性。紫外可见吸收光谱中639 nm处吸收谱峰由Fe3+与V3+联合所致,300、423、864 nm处吸收峰由Fe3+所致,说明Fe3+与V3+的共同作用是马鞍山地区磷铝石呈现绿色的主要原因。本研究对于认识该类磷铝石的宝石矿物学性质以及颜色成因具有一定意义。 相似文献
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近年来蓝色蛋白石的研究仅限于矿物成分及致色机理,并未对其化学成分、红外光谱、拉曼光谱等开展较为深入的分析。本文在前人的研究基础上,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)、电子探针分析(EMPA)、紫外可见分光光谱、拉曼光谱等技术对样品的振动光谱、官能团表征、矿物组成及呈色机理进行研究。研究结果表明:蓝色蛋白石的主要组成矿物为非晶态蛋白石,且振动光谱与天然蛋白石存在一定程度的频率位移。EMPA分析结果显示蓝色蛋白石主要元素为Si和Cu,且紫外可见分光光谱表征为742 nm附近一吸收强度较高的宽谱带。综合电子探针和紫外可见吸收光谱的测试结果得出,蓝色蛋白石的致色元素为Cu,在其内部呈典型平面正方形结构的[Cu~(2+)(H_2O)_4]~(2+),且Cu含量与其蓝色的体色存在一定的正相关性,即随着Cu含量增加蓝色体色更加浓艳。 相似文献
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对产于美国阿拉斯加的异性石的物理特性及化学成分进行分析。该异性石呈深红色,为一轴晶正光性;其紫外可见吸收光谱在530nm处有明显的吸收带,在917nm处有较弱的吸收带;穆斯堡尔谱及参数与俄罗斯科拉半岛深红色异性石和辽宁凤城深玫瑰色异性石相近;红外光谱特征与正光性异性石相似。探讨了该异性石的致色机理,认为其颜色主要与Fe2+有关,且异性石中的Fe2+主要以平面四配位存在。 相似文献
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采用X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射图谱、紫外可见光吸收光谱等分析方法,对鄂西贡水砚石进行成分、结构的表征,用贮墨实验表征砚石的性能,对砚石开发进行可行性分析。结果表明,鄂西贡水砚石主要矿物成分为白云石、方解石、水云母以及石英。可见光谱吸收峰位于378 nm、437 nm和540 nm附近,分别为Fe3+由6A1g基态到4A1g或4Eg的跃迁、氧八面体中Fe3+的电子跃迁吸收及氧八面体中Fe2+的自旋禁戒跃迁所致。光学显微镜下矿物排列致密,孔隙度极小,多在0.01 mm以下,砚峰密度0.6~0.7个/μm2,砚石类型属于中锋砚石。不同条件下贮墨时长1.3~60.0 h。为鄂西砚石的开发提供科学依据。 相似文献
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羟磷铝锂石是南平稀有金属花岗传晶岩中的重要标型矿物，可分为原生和次生两大类，最主要的前者，一般呈块体状，共生矿物主要有钠长石，钾长石，锂辉石，铌钽矿物。本文详细讨论了南平铝锂石的化学成分、Ｘ射线粉晶衍射资料、红外光谱和差热分析结果。 相似文献
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利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、拉曼光谱仪和紫外可见光谱仪等测试分析手段,并结合偏光显微镜及常规宝石学方法,对黄色葡萄石样品进行了系统的测试研究。结果表明,黄色葡萄石具有典型的显微交织结构。红外吸收光谱和拉曼光谱显示了硅氧官能团的振动在900-1100cm~(-1)和400~800cm~(-1)波段产生特征吸收峰,同时OH~-的振动产生了3495cm~(-1)红外吸收峰和320cm~(-1)、390cm~(-1)拉曼吸收峰。紫外可见光谱显示,葡萄石具有430nm和580nm的吸收带,推断其黄色调是由Fe~(3+)致色形成的。 相似文献
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目前缅甸抹谷矿区开采的蓝宝石原石约80%都要经过优化处理才能投入市场,其中主要为热处理。本文对缅甸抹谷Baw-mar矿区蓝宝石进行不同温度制度的热处理,并利用电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射仪(XRD)、紫外-可见-近红外光谱仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪和激光拉曼光谱仪对其热处理前后的谱学特征进行了对比研究。结果表明,1 300℃热处理后所有样品2θ<60°的XRD衍射峰开始向低角度方向偏移,晶胞参数c/a值随热处理温度升高而降低,推测与其晶体结构在高温下发生畸变有关;Baw-mar矿区蓝宝石的主要致色元素是Fe、Ti和V,其中Fe和Ti共同导致其呈蓝色,V使其略带绿色调,部分样品的灰色调主要由Ni所致;热处理后样品中Fe2+-Ti4+荷移增强,Fe2+-Fe3+荷移减弱,导致585 nm紫外吸收带增强,746和764 nm吸收峰减弱,同时样品颜色变蓝且灰色调减弱;红外光谱中,样品出现1 988、2 123 cm-1硬水铝石羟基倍频振动吸收峰和3 619、3 696 cm-1<... 相似文献
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本文主要以湖北天然绿松石、浸胶绿松石和注有色胶绿松石为研究对象,结合优化处理工艺过程及所用的胶水混合液,通过宝石学常规测试以及扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、激光拉曼光谱仪和紫外可见光谱仪等宝石学现代仪器的测试分析,研究有效鉴别湖北天然绿松石和浸胶绿松石、注有色胶绿松石的测试方法。结果表明,注有色胶绿松石的颜色较呆板,浸胶和注有色胶绿松石相对密度较低且在长波紫外荧光灯下显示强至弱的蓝色荧光;扫描电镜下可见浸胶和注有色胶绿松石微晶之间的空隙被不同程度的胶质物充填,但该方法为有损法,不推荐使用;红外光谱中2 930、2 860、1 730、1 460 cm-1附近由有机物基团振动所致的红外吸收谱带可有效区分三者,是最为快速、无损、准确的方法;拉曼光谱中2 942、2 873、1 452、1 620、830 cm-1附近的吸收峰可作为鉴别湖北天然绿松石和浸胶或注有色胶绿松石的重要依据;紫外可见光谱中较弱的429 nm吸收峰和宽缓的677 nm吸收带可作为区分天然绿松石和注有色胶绿松石的鉴别依据,但无法区分天然绿松石和浸胶绿松石。 相似文献
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内蒙古阿拉善地区经历数亿年的地质活动,产出颜色丰富且结构致密的戈壁玛瑙。通过常规宝石学测试、偏光显微镜及扫描电镜观察、X射线粉晶衍射、电子探针、红外光谱及紫外-可见光-近红外分光光度计等测试分析方法对绿色戈壁玛瑙的宝石矿物学特征及致色成因进行了深入研究。肉眼观察,阿拉善绿色玛瑙呈深绿色至褐绿色,微透明至不透明,相对密度、折射率、摩氏硬度等均符合石英质玉石的特点。偏光显微镜观察,绿鳞石富集于表层,并向内部呈放射状生长;方解石与石英均为隐晶质结构。扫描电镜观察,绿鳞石呈颗粒状分布于石英及方解石之间。X射线衍射分析结果表明,绿色戈壁玛瑙的物相组成主要为石英、方解石和绿鳞石。电子探针分析结果表明绿鳞石的主要化学组成为SiO2、FeO、Al2O3、K2O和MgO。红外光谱分析也显示存在绿鳞石对应基团的特征峰。表层绿鳞石在紫外-可见光-近红外分光光度计下显示出Fe2+与Fe3+的特征光谱,Fe2+与Fe3+之间的电荷转移是其... 相似文献
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S. Don Goldman George R. Rossman Kathleen M. Parkin 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1978,3(3):225-235
The electronic absorption spectra of Fe2+ in non-chromium beryls are examined. Fe2+ in the Al-rich six-coordinate site produces absorption bands at about 820 nm and 970 nm polarizedE‖c. Fe2+ in the channel produces bands at 820 nm (⊥c) and 2100 nm (‖c). Some blue beryls which are more intensely colored than most aquamarines, have an absorption band at ～700 nm (‖c) which is suggested to arise from an Fe2+/Fe3+ intervalence interaction. Fe2+ in both the six-coordinate site and the channel is identified in the Mössbauer spectra. The Mössbauer spectra of deep blue beryls are unusual and have not been satisfactorily explained. Color changes which accompany heating and irradiation are strongly influenced by the channel iron. 相似文献
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Red Fe3+-rich and black Fe3+, Fe2+-rich tourmalines have been studied by optical and Mössbauer spectroscopies to determine the optical characteristics of Fe3+ in tourmaline. Prominent optical absorption features at 485 and 540 nm are assigned to transitions of multiple exchange-coupled Fe3+ pairs in several site combinations. These transitions are more intense than those of isolated Fe3+ and are polarized along the vector between the interacting ions, thus permitting site assignments. The 485 nm band occurs at an unusually low energy for Fe3+ in silicate minerals. Similar behavior has been observed in the spectrum of coalingite, Mg10Fe 2 3+ (OH)24CO3·2H2O, in which Fe3+ occurs in related pairs in edge-shared sheets. These lower energies are proposed to result from magnetic exchange in edge-shared geometries. Antiferromagnetic exchange has been confirmed by a variable temperature magnetic susceptibility study of a Kenyan dravite with 3.36 wt percent Fe. The Mössbauer spectrum of this sample is unusual in that it shows a pronounced decrease in width of component peaks from 298 K to 5 K. 相似文献
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E. De Grave R. Vanleerberghe L. Verdonck G. De Geyter 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1984,11(2):85-94
Three chloritoid samples from the Stavelot massif (Belgium) and one sample from the Serpont massif (Belgium) have been characterized by chemical analyses and differential X-ray diffraction. A classification of chloritoid is proposed. Mössbauer spectra at temperatures between 78 and 360 K and in external magnetic fields were obtained for a triclinic and for a monoclinic specimen. The spectra show a superposition of a weak Fe3+ doublet (less than 10%) and an intense Fe2+ doublet. It is found that a decomposition of the ferrous absorption into two distinct quadrupole doublets leads to smaller deviations between experimental and calculated line shapes, especially at low temperatures. This suggests that Fe2+ is present in both cis and trans O2(OH)4 octahedral positions in the trioctahedral layer. However, the structural data derived from the temperature dependence of isomer shifts and quadrupole splittings, are found to be inconsistent with known crystallographic data. It is therefore concluded that Fe2+ is present in only one type of lattice site and that the numerically imposed decomposition into two ferrous doublets is merely an artifact due to thickness saturation effects and to the distributive character of the hyperfine parameters. The negative sign of the electric field gradient further confirms the assignment of the Fe2+ doublet to a cis octahedral configuration. Finally, only minor differences between the Mössbauer results for triclinic and monoclinic chloritoid are observed. The infrared absorption spectra of the four samples are almost identical except in the region around 600 cm?1 at which the monoclinic phase exhibits two absorption bands instead of one band for the triclinic samples. All absorption bands can be well assigned to the different vibrations. Inter-layer hydrogen bonding is evidenced by the occurrence of two v O-H absorption bands. Furthermore, the specific nature of the infrared spectra enables a fast identification of chloritoid samples. 相似文献
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近期广东市场上出现了一种来自缅甸的蓝色翡翠样品,该样品目前未见相关报道。为了确定其定名,通过常规宝石学测试、红外光谱和X射线粉末衍射测试对样品进行分析,表明样品的主要矿物组成为硬玉,质量分数约97．1％,检测鉴定结论为翡翠。为了对蓝色翡翠呈色机制进行研究,通过紫外一可见吸收光谱测试,表明可见光区480nm以后逐渐增强的吸收带是其产生蓝色的原因;采用电子探针进行化学成分测试,表明蓝色的成因与钒离子有关。根据3d过渡金属离子的晶体场理论和翡翠晶体场理论的研究,可以推测：由于翡翠结构中M1位的Al3＋被过渡金属离子钒（V4＋）替代,目l起八面体结构畸变而导致蓝色的产生,因此,蓝色是过渡金属离子钒（v4＋）产生的原生色。 相似文献
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Optical absorption spectra are presented for taramellite, traskite and neptunite, all of which have both Fe2+ and Ti4+ as major elements. The spectra of each of these minerals are dominated by a single, intense absorption band in the 415 to 460 nm region with 7000 to 9000 cm?1 halfwidth. These transitions, assigned to Fe2+-Ti4+ intervalence charge transfer, showed little difference in intensity at 80 and 300 K and have molar absorptivities which range from ～100 to ～1300 M?1 cm?1. The Fe2+-Ti4+ absorptions in these standards generally compare well to other mineral spectra in which Fe2+ — Ti4+ intervalence absorption has previously been proposed with the exception of the most cited example, blue corundum. 相似文献
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The color and spectroscopic properties of ironbearing tourmalines (elbaite, dravite, uvite, schorl) do not vary smoothly with iron concentration. Such behavior has often been ascribed to intervalence charge transfer between Fe2+ and Fe3+ which produces a new, intense absorption band in the visible portion of the spectrum. In the case of tourmaline, an entirely different manifestation of the interaction between Fe2+ and Fe3+ occurs in which the Fe2+ bands are intensified without an intense, new absorption band. At low iron concentrations, the intensity of light absorption from Fe2+ is about the same for E∥c and E⊥c polarizations, but at high iron concentrations, the intensity of the E⊥c polarization increases more than ten times as much as E∥c. This difference is related to intensification of Fe2+ absorption by adjacent Fe3+. Extrapolations indicate that pairs of Fe2+-Fe3+ have Fe2+ absorption intensity ～200 times as great as isolated Fe2+. Enhanced Fe2+ absorption bands are recognized in tourmaline by their intensity increase at 78 K of up to 50%. Enhancement of Fe2+ absorption intensity provides a severe limitration on the accuracy of determinations of Fe2+ concentration and site occupancy by optical spectroscopic methods. Details of the assignment of tourmaline spectra in the optical region are reconsidered. 相似文献