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东天山平顶山巨眼球状片麻状花岗岩特征及成因 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7
本文以东天山平顶山岩体为例,探讨中天山晋宁旋回晚期巨眼球状片麻状花岗岩的特征及其形成机制。野外地质关系、岩相学、岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素和同位素研究表明,平顶山岩体是岛弧钙碱性火山-沉积岩系经原地改造的产物,其Rb-Sr等时线年龄为927 Ma。花岗岩形成作用的动力、热力来源可能与碰撞后天山岩石圈的拆沉有关。拆沉导致的底侵和内侵引发了地壳岩石的韧性剪切,剪切后的岩石有利于部分熔融、熔体-流体运移和化学反应,而熔体和流体的作用反过来又会促进韧性剪切,并将较浅层次的变形变质岩石改造为片麻状花岗岩。平顶山岩体的成岩作用体现了部分熔融、韧性剪切和流体作用的相互反馈,也是这些作用的共同产物。这种原地片麻状花岗岩的成岩过程主要为深源熔体和流体与原岩的相互作用,并使原岩发生不同程度的部分熔融,因而其地球化学特征同时受到原岩和外来熔体-流体的控制。底侵和内侵是造山过程晚期-期后挤压-拉张转折期地壳垂向增生的重要方式,而平顶山这类片麻状花岗岩则是这种垂向增生的产物。 相似文献
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东天山咸水泉片麻状花岗岩特征、年龄及成因 总被引：2，自引：7，他引：2
野外地质关系及岩相学、地球化学、同位素和年代学研究表明,成水泉片麻状花岗岩是典型的原地改造型花岗岩,其原岩(即围岩)为糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩。本次锆石 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 定年获得其原岩糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U 加权平均年龄为369.9±5.6Ma(MSWD=36),片麻状花岗岩锆石核部年龄为367.9±5.4Ma(MSWD=2.2),此年龄与其原岩年龄在误差范围内一致,为片麻状花岗岩原地改造成因提供了年代学证据。此外,还获得其锆石热液增生边不一致线下交点年龄254±10Ma(MSWD=1.4),该年龄代表了片麻状花岗岩的形成时间。片糜状花岗岩在地球化学上继承了许多原岩的特征,同时又受到了深源流体-熔体的显著影响。将原岩糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩改造成片麻状花岗岩的流体-熔体具有富硅富钾和正ε_(Nd)(t)值的特征,表明这种流体-熔体可能主要地来自幔源岩浆内侵体,以及在内侵岩浆热量作用下的初生地壳岩石的变质和熔融。原岩糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩及其派生的片麻状花岗岩ε_(Nd)(t)值分别为 3.87及 3.05～ 6.09,表明糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩源自于年轻的陆壳,而片麻状花岗岩除继承了其原岩糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩的高ε_(Nd)(t)值这一特征外,还可能受到了深源流体-熔体中幔源组分的影响。咸水泉岩体的实例研究表明,原地改造型片麻状花岗岩不但可以形成于造山带的挤压-伸展转折阶段,还可以形成于碰撞后进一步伸展的时期,而经过强烈韧性剪切的岩石是转变为片麻状花岗岩的最有利原岩。东天山咸水泉、平顶山和天湖东等原地改造型片麻状花岗岩的形成均与内侵有关,因而片麻状花岗岩可被看作是内侵的重要产物。 相似文献
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天山东段天湖东片麻状花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和构造演化意义 总被引：1，自引：7，他引：1
东天山天湖至星星峡地区广泛分布着片麻状花岗岩,顾连兴等(1990)和张遵忠等(2004)基于 Rb—Sr 等时线年龄为707.7±4.9Ma 的结果,提出天湖东岩体最有可能形成于澄江运动造山晚期的挤压一拉张构造转折环境。因此,天湖东岩体的形成时代直接关系到对东天山造山带构造演化历史的认识。我们的研究认为该岩体的地质产状和岩石特征均有别于东天山的元古宙巨眼球片麻状花岗岩,故对天湖东二长花岗岩中的锆石作了 SHRIMP U-Pb 年龄分析。研究中测定的18粒锆石中没有发现任何元古宙残留锆石和相关的年龄信息,由17个测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U 加权平均年龄为466.5±9.8(2σ)Ma,可以确定天湖东岩体为早古生代花岗岩,而不是元古宙(或澄江期)花岗岩。基于元素和 Nd-Sr 同位素组成的研究结果,它们具有岛弧钙碱性岩浆岩的地球化学特征。该研究结果与东、西天山造山带其它地区获得的大量早古生代花岗岩的年龄具一致性。本研究结果对揭示早古生代古亚洲洋部分洋盆的闭合时间提供了重要的依据。 相似文献
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东天山黄山-镜儿泉地区二叠纪地质-成矿-热事件:幔源岩浆内侵及其地壳效应 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
东天山黄山-镜儿泉地区位于康古尔弧后盆地闭合带东段,该盆地于石炭纪末因弧-陆碰撞而闭合.二叠纪时本区进入碰撞后伸展阶段,并形成了时代相近的、如下一组地质特征:1)20多个镁铁-超镁铁岩体(其中有一部分产有工业铜镍矿床);2)低压高温变质作用和混合岩化;3)形成深度较浅(8～12 km)的韧性剪切带;4)原地改造型片麻状花岗岩;5)块状过铝花岗岩;6)与过铝花岗岩有关的锂铍伟晶岩矿床.此外,黄山-镜儿泉位于一个被推测为巨大镁铁质岩体的区域布伽重力和航磁高值区的边部.该处在人工地震剖面上表现为一个波速为6.99 km/s的高速层,其厚约22 km.这些特征表明,该区在二叠纪时期是一个热穹窿,其面积约5000～8000 km18,而该热穹窿乃由地壳内部的一个幔源岩浆内侵体所引起.正是这个内侵体在黄山谎儿泉地区造成了地壳岩石的低压高温变质作用、混合岩化和部分熔融.在内侵体热量和流体的影响下,韧性剪切得以在壳内较浅层次发生.与内侵有关的变质-超变质作用所释放出的流体和熔体强烈改造韧性剪切和细粒化的地壳岩石,即形成了片麻状花岗岩.部分熔融所产生的过铝花岗岩形成了以锂、铍等稀有金属为特色的伟晶岩矿床.本区存在同时代的钙碱性-高钾钙碱性花岗岩,表明底侵与内侵曾在这里相伴发生.众多的锾铁-超镁铁岩是底侵和内侵岩浆在地壳浅部的显示.侵入岩的年龄数据似乎表明,本区直接来自幔源岩浆的镁铁-超镁铁岩就位最早,与底侵有关的钙碱性-高钾钙碱性花岗岩次之,而作为内侵产物的过铝花岗岩最晚.过铝花岗岩与镁铁-超镁铁岩之间的时差可能代表了从幔源岩浆结晶到由内侵产生的岩浆结晶之间的时差.康古尔断裂是一条超岩石圈断裂,在碰撞后伸展阶段为幔源岩浆提供了良好的上升通道,因此内侵很容易在此地此时发生.与底侵一样,内侵是壳幔相互作用和地壳垂向增生的重要方式,也是花岗岩浆生成的重要机制.区域重力和航磁异常、人工地震中部地壳高速层、时代相近的地表锾铁-超镁铁岩、低压高温变质岩、混合岩、浅层次韧性剪切带、原地改造成因片麻状花岗岩、异地过铝花岗岩和有关的稀有金属矿床,过铝花岗岩中的幔源岩石包体或幔源流体可以用作为内侵体的识辨标志. 相似文献
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以中天山东段的天湖东铁钼矿含矿花岗岩为例,在LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学测定其为早古生代花岗岩（（445.3±4.6） Ma）基础上,通过岩相学、地球化学及锆石原位Hf同位素组成等多方面研究,探讨该岩体的成岩作用及其构造背景。天湖东含矿片麻状花岗岩的主要矿物为斜长石、石英、钾长石,并含少量黑云母和角闪石等。全岩地球化学分析结果表明,该片麻状花岗岩高硅、弱富铝、富钙、富钠而贫钾,ASI值为0.68~0.82,属于准铝质钙碱性花岗岩,总体上富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）Rb、Ba等和轻稀土元素La、Ce、Nd等,而亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Yb等,轻重稀土分异明显,轻稀土分异较为明显,而重稀土分异不明显,表现出典型岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征。锆石的εHf(445 Ma)值为-6.31~-1.77,二阶段Hf模式年龄（TDM2）为1.538~1.825 Ga,表明该花岗岩的源区主要为壳源物质。综合分析上述资料,认为天湖东铁钼矿片麻状花岗岩是由俯冲过程中地壳物质重熔的产物。结合前人的研究和本课题组的新近研究成果认为,在早古生代时,中天山为岩浆弧构造环境,形成一系列的钙碱性岩浆岩,而该岩浆弧的形成可能是受到介于吐哈陆块和塔里木板块之间的古天山大洋在早古生代时期向南俯冲而形成的。 相似文献
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岩浆到热液演化的包裹体记录——以骑田岭花岗岩体为例 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
骑田岭花岗岩是燕山期花岗岩早期多阶段侵入复式岩体,岩石化学的研究表明它是富碱的、高分异的A型花岗岩,形成于板内拉张的构造环境。在其第二阶段中细粒黑云母花岗岩内广泛发育着厘米级至米级似伟晶岩囊状体和石英晶洞, 它们是富挥发份岩浆固结的产物,代表岩石形成过程经历了明显的岩浆-热液过渡阶段。包裹体显微岩相学研究在骑田岭黑云母花岗岩的石英中发现熔体-流体包裹体和流体包裹体共存,这一结果进一步证实骑田岭中细粒黑云母花岗岩中的似伟晶岩囊状体和石英晶洞是花岗质熔体在岩浆-热液过渡阶段的产物。显微测温结果显示,熔体-流体包裹体的捕获温度大于530℃,说明岩浆热液过渡阶段的温度不低于该温度;闪锌矿中流体包裹体的均一温度在285~417℃之间,盐度为11.7% NaCleqv,代表了成矿流体的温度和盐度;流体包裹体的均一温度为172~454℃,代表热液阶段流体的温度。从中细粒黑云母花岗岩到似伟晶岩囊状体再到石英晶洞,岩浆-热液体系经历了富挥份熔体→熔体+高盐度流体→高盐度流体→低盐度流体的完整演化过程,形成了CaCl2-NaCl-H2O-CO2体系的岩浆热液流体。包裹体岩相学及激光拉曼探针分析结果显示,在流体包裹体和多晶熔体-流体包裹体中含有长石、方解石、金红石及金属氧化物等子矿物,暗示其所捕获的流体具有较强的成矿能力。 相似文献
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本文以天宝山矿区花岗岩类岩石为例,说明钾长石三斜有序度和三斜度的相关分析方法及其意义. 区内大面积出露海西期、印支期和燕山期岩浆岩及其交代岩.海西期主要有片麻状花岗岩、花岗斑岩和细粒闪长岩.片麻状花岗岩主要分布在银洞财、新成屯、九户洞等区和天宝山顶区, 相似文献
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东祁连马衔山变形花岗岩体特征及成因类型 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
马衔山变形花岗岩体位于祁连造山带的最东端，表壳岩属前长城纪地层，侵入时代为吕梁期，已获单矿物锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ等时线年龄值２１５２Ｍａ。主体岩石类型为片麻状二长花岗岩、片麻状钾长花岗岩，后者侵入前者。岩石学、岩石地球化学特征表明，马衔山变形岩体的岩石类型存在明显的岩石成分演化关系，成岩物质来源于地壳 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上，进行了稳定性数值模拟分析，定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明：该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成，对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害，必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献