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1.
西天山位于中亚增生型造山带的西南缘,夹于准噶尔地块和塔里木克拉通之间.西天山造山带的构造演化与天山洋的俯冲?关闭过程密切相关.西天山地质构造复杂,成矿作用独特,既可形成与活动陆缘有关的斑岩铜金矿和火山?沉积岩型铁锰矿,也可发育与伸展构造有关的海底热水沉积型铅锌矿和浅成低温热液型金矿等多个集中区.西天山地质构造演化和成矿作用一直是地质学家关注和研究的热点,近年来的地质找矿和基础研究工作也取得一系列重大进展,但同时也存在一些急待解决的问题.本文通过对区域地质背景、沉积建造、岩浆演化、成矿地质特征与物质来源、控矿因素等方面资料的综合研究,认为西天山造山带从前寒武纪到晚古生代经历了古陆边缘裂解、洋?陆俯冲增生、陆?陆碰撞及后造山伸展等地质过程;与此相应形成了多个成矿区带,主要包括:(1)哈尔达坂前寒武纪古陆边缘裂陷盆地环境的铅锌成矿带,(2)与博罗科努古生代洋?陆俯冲、碰撞?碰撞后伸展环境有关的金铜铅锌多金属成矿带,(3)与阿吾拉勒晚古生代岛弧?弧后盆地有关的铁多金属成矿带,(4)那拉提古生代岛弧金铜多金属成矿带.在此基础上建立了西天山主要成矿区带的成矿模式,厘定了与西天山沉积建造?构造活动?岩浆活动有关的成矿序列,总结了西天山铁铜铅锌金等优势矿产时空结构模型.   相似文献   

2.
Occupying the middle of the central Asia Paleozoic accretionary and collisional orogenic belt, the eastern Tianshan area has a great economic potential due to Au-Cu mineralization during syn- and post- orogenic events. In the Kanggurtag Au-Cu metallogenic belt, three major types of gold deposits have been recognized: ductile-shear-zone-hosted gold deposits, magmatic hydrothermal gold deposits, and epithermal gold deposits. Four kinds of copper deposits have also been identified recently: the porphyry-type, the skarn-type, the magmatic type, and volcanic/sedimentary-type. Tectonically, the development of these late Paleozoic gold and copper deposits was closely associated with the subduction and collision of the ancient Tianshan ocean that intervened between the Tarim craton and the Siberian block. In the early to mid-Carboniferous, N-dipping subduction beneath the Dananhu arc generated magmatic intrusions, leading to formation of the porphyry Cu deposits. The magmatic front migrated southward to form the Yamansu arc upon the Kanggurtag accretionary wedge. In the latest Carboniferous to early Permian, during the closure of the ancient Tianshan ocean, large mafic-ultramafic complexes were emplaced, resulting in several magmatic copper-nickel deposits. Gold deposits of the shear-zone-type are controlled by the Kanggurtag ductile shear zone, which is related to collisional orogenesis. The epithermal gold deposits are associated with extensional tectonics and post-tectonic volcanic activity. The tectonic settings, geological features, and temporal and spatial distributions of these different types of gold and copper deposits reflect, to a great extent, the accretionary and collisional tectonics that occurred between the northern margin of the Tarim block and the southern margin of the Siberian block.  相似文献   

3.
西天山阿希型金成矿系列的成矿流体特征   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
姜晓玮  王永江  程博 《地学前缘》2001,8(4):277-280
西天山吐拉苏盆地中发育的低硫浅成低温热液型金矿、斑岩型金矿和层控浅成低温热液改造型金矿属于与晚古生代火山次火山岩系有关的金矿组合———阿希型金成矿系列。通过对各类型金矿含金石英脉矿物包裹体流体成分的分析 ,吐拉苏盆地中可以区分出两期不同的流体场 ,分别是成矿前的统一流体场和成矿期的局部流体场。前者是伴随着早石炭世大哈拉军山组火山爆发而形成的产物 ;后者是在成矿前统一流体场的基础上 ,受局部热动力活动影响而形成的局部成矿流体场 ,又可分出 3种不同的类型。成矿前统一流体场与成矿期 3种局部流体场流体均属于K+SO2 -4型 ;总体特征上具有相似性 ,均为火山、岩浆热液水和大气水的混合水 ;流体成分有随时间而呈有规律变化的现象 ;阳离子K+和阴离子SO2 -4随时间逐步减少 ,表明火山、岩浆活动随时间对流体的影响逐渐减弱 ;水的含量逐步增高 ,则表明流体随时间大气水参与程度的提高 ,同时流体的浓度也逐步降低  相似文献   

4.
西天山吐拉苏盆地安山岩中发现岩石包体及地质找矿意义   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
新疆西天山斑岩型铜矿找矿前景良好,但面临攻坚;吐拉苏盆地是西天山浅成低温热液型金矿集区,晚古生代吐拉苏盆地是北天山洋向南向伊犁板块之下俯冲形成的“西南太平洋型”岛弧环境,在金矿深边部寻找斑岩型铜金矿值得关注。笔者最近在岛弧安山岩中发现硫化物矿化二长斑岩、细晶闪长岩等岩石包体。岩石包体发现于塔乌尔别克金矿区,多呈浑圆体或次棱角状,随机分布于安山岩中,与围岩界线截然,常见安山岩围绕岩石包体形成冷凝边。二长斑岩包体显示似斑状结构,斑晶由斜长石和钾长石组成;细晶闪长岩主要由斜长石和角闪石组成,细晶结构,块状构造;寄主安山岩为斑状结构,斑晶为斜长石和少量角闪石及单斜辉石,基质由短柱状斜长石及少量单斜辉石组成,玻基交织结构。二长斑岩包体、细晶闪长岩包体和寄主安山岩三者具有极为相似的微量元素和稀土元素组成,均富集大离子亲石元素、相对亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素。这些岩石学和地球化学特点反映岩石包体是岛弧火山喷发过程中从下覆地质体捕掳成因,指示安山岩层之下存在同源斑岩体并可能已发生硫化物矿化。综合考虑吐拉苏盆地铜矿化点、酸性热液蚀变、高硫型和低硫型浅成低温热液金矿的组合关系,认为盆地内发育斑岩-浅成低温热液金铜成矿系统,塔乌尔别克是斑岩型铜金矿找矿重要靶区。  相似文献   

5.
In the light of field investigation, microscopic study, X-ray phase analysis and mineral infrared spectral analysis, it is considered that laumontitization is of extensive occurrence in the Axi gold orefield. The development of laumontitization and its relationship to mineralization show that the laumontitization appeared mainly at the top of and in the periphery of orebodies, and occurred at the edge of the epithermal system or at the late stage of epithermal system evolution. Therefore, laumontitization can be used as an exploration indicator of epithermal gold deposits. The fluids responsible for laumontitization in the Axi gold orefield are similar to those producing hot spring-type gold deposits or those from modem geothermal fields. Epithermal mineralization of the Axi gold deposit was dated at Carboniferous, indicating that the West Tianshan of China is a region favorable to epithermal-type gold mineralization and preservation. Hence the West Tianshan of China is a target area for exploring epithermal gold deposits.  相似文献   

6.
中国东部中生代浅成热液金矿可以划分为与花岗岩和与碱性岩有关的两种类型;也可以分为高硫型和低硫型两大类,而且以后一种为主。这些金矿的形成和分布受区域构造制约,具体地说是受破火山口、火山角砾岩筒以及与火山机构有关的断裂控制。成矿围岩为火山岩类及同源花岗质岩石和周围地层。主要的蚀变组合为冰长石一玉髓一绢云母或明矾石一高岭石一石英(玉髓)。成矿年龄分布在180~188Ma,135~144Ma,127~115Ma和94~105Ma四个区间,前三组年龄分别响应于中生代华北板块与扬子克拉通的造山碰撞后陆内造山的伸展过程、构造体制大转折以及岩石圈大减薄,后一组为华南地区岩石圈再一次强烈伸展期间的产物。虽然这些矿床的形成时间有差异,但都是发育于大陆伸展环境中。  相似文献   

7.
西天山阿希浅成低温热液金矿床剥蚀改造过程探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
阿希金矿床是新疆西天山成矿带上与晚古生代火山岩有关的典型浅成低温热液型金矿床。矿区包括热液成因和沉积成因2种类型的金矿体。其中,热液成因金矿体明显受近南北向断裂控制,并遭受一定的剥蚀改造,矿体空间形态变化特征及黄铁矿热电性标型特征显示矿床南段比北段剥蚀程度高,矿体金品位和厚度质量参数空间分布特征显示矿体具有向北侧伏特征;沉积底砾岩型金矿体角度不整合于热液成因矿体之上,其含矿砾石类型和稀土元素分布特征与热液型矿体基本一致,为热液型矿体遭受剥蚀并在北东部阿恰勒河组中沉积的产物。基于以上认识,并结合矿床的形成、产状变化特征、区域构造地质演化等资料的深入分析,建立了阿希浅成低温热液型金矿床的剥蚀改造模式。  相似文献   

8.
吉林省荒沟山金矿床地质特征及成因   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
郑传久 《吉林地质》1995,14(3):1-16
荒沟山金矿床明显受构造控制,矿体多呈复杂的脉体充填于大理岩开放空间中,成矿为多期次、热液角砾岩化多期次的特点,成矿流体以大气水为主,具有浅成、低温、低盐度和近中性的成矿环境,属于浅成低温热液成因金矿床。  相似文献   

9.
《China Geology》2020,3(1):104-112
Gold, iron, copper, lead-zinc and other mineral exploration in West Tianshan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, has made remarkable progress in recent years. However, due to the dispute on the tectonic division of West Tianshan, the ore-controlling factors and the regional metallogenic laws are controversial. The authors analyze regional gravity data and notice that the high-value region corresponds to the Yili ancient continent, thus the southeastern boundary of the Yili ancient continent is delineated. Comparative analysis of gravity, aeromagnetic and geologic data reveals that the Tulasu basin, where some medium to large epithermal gold deposits locate, lies above the Yili ancient continent; the Yili Carboniferous-Permian rift extends in E-W direction, numbers of copper deposits have been found in the mid-west section of the rift which lies above the Yili ancient continent, whereas few copper deposits have been discovered in the east section which is outside the Yili ancient continent. Accordingly, the Yili ancient continent may he rich in gold, copper and other metal elements; the metal-bearing hydrothermal solution moves up with the activity of magmatism, and deposits in the favorable places (the Tulasu basin and the Yili Carboniferous-Permian rift), forming numerous small and medium gold, copper deposits, as well as some large and super-large gold deposits. Therefore, the tectonic-magmatic hydrothermal zone above the Yili ancient continent should be the prospective area for epithermal gold and copper polymetallic deposits.  相似文献   

10.
东天山铜金多金属矿床成矿系统和成矿地球动力学模型   总被引:47,自引:2,他引:47  
近年来,在东天山地区地质找矿不断取是突破,一系列大型,中型铜金矿床先后被发现。绝大多数铜金矿床在空间上密集分布于黄山-康古尔缝合-剪切带两侧的岛弧带内,时间上集中在石炭纪-二叠纪。金矿床包括造山型,石英脉型和浅成低温热液型,铜矿床包括斑岩型,夕卡岩型和热液脉型及铜镍硫化物型,金,铜和铜镍矿化各自成系统产出,为板块俯冲晚期和碰撞期大规模镁铁质-超镁铁质和中酸性-酸性花岗质岩浆侵位-喷发事件的产物。  相似文献   

11.
新疆东部金矿床类型、成矿特点及找矿方向   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6  
据金矿类型划分标准,结合新疆东部金成矿特点,划分出韧性剪切带型金矿、浅成低温热液型金矿、岩浆热液型金矿、斑岩型金(铜)矿、硅化帽型金矿及变质岩型或绿片岩型银金矿6种成因类型,8种工业类型。通过研究,划分出以斑岩型金矿为主的大南湖-三岔口成矿带、以韧性剪切带型金矿为主的康古尔塔格-黄山成矿带、以浅成低温热液型金矿为主的马庄山-南金山成矿带、以绿片蚀变岩型银金、铅锌矿以及硅铁建造型金矿为主的玉西-铅炉子成矿带、以岩浆热液型金矿为主的金窝子-照壁山成矿带和依热达坂-红山成矿带、以韧性剪切带型和硅帽型金矿为主的头苏泉-塔林成矿带7个金矿成矿带,在此基础上确定该区区找矿主要类型和远景区。  相似文献   

12.
新疆阿希金矿床黄铁矿标型特征及其地质意义   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
新疆阿希金矿床为西天山一典型的形成于晚古生代的与火山岩有关的大型浅成热液金矿床.电子显微探针微区成分分析结果显示,该矿床黄铁矿具有富砷贫硫的特点,w(Co)/w(Ni)比值主要介于1.79~4.61之间,反映出成矿流体以岩浆热液为主,而其比值在环带结构富砷黄铁矿核部(>5)及环带(<1)中的变化规律则进一步反映出成矿早...  相似文献   

13.
新疆鄯善县石英滩金矿床地质特征及控矿因素   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8  
通过对石英滩金矿床区域地质背景、矿体产出形态、矿石特征、成矿控制因素的研究,认为矿床成因类型应属浅成低温火山热液型金矿床。  相似文献   

14.
武广  陈毓川  陈衍景 《岩石学报》2010,26(12):3683-3695
哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区是中亚造山带重要的浅成低温热液型金矿床产出地区,但其成矿年代学研究非常薄弱。为确定成矿时代,作者运用高精度激光40Ar/39Ar定年法对阿尔哈尔雷金矿床和乌仁科布拉克金矿床的赋矿围岩进行了年龄测定。获得阿尔哈尔雷金矿床安山岩样品20个点40Ar/39Ar等时线年龄为304±7Ma(MSWD=6),乌仁科布拉克金矿床安山玄武岩样品21个点40Ar/39Ar等时线年龄为280±6Ma(MSWD=2.4),表明哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区浅成低温热液型金矿床主要形成于晚石炭世末期-早二叠世。初步的岩石学、地球化学研究表明,哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区晚石炭世末期-二叠纪火山岩主要为流纹岩、粗安岩、玄武粗安岩、玄武安山岩、粗面玄武岩和玄武岩,具双峰式特征,主体属于高钾钙碱性和橄榄玄粗岩系列。哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区晚石炭世末期浅成低温热液型金矿床形成于碰撞晚期向裂谷的转换阶段,而二叠纪浅成低温热液型金矿床产出于陆内裂谷环境。  相似文献   

15.
通过化探、槽探和平硐等手段,对位于冈底斯成矿带东段的弄如日金矿床进行了评价和研究,在矿区发现金矿化带4条,圈出金矿体5个,控制2.3g/t品位以上的金资源量(333+3341)为2.97t,确定该矿床属典型的浅成中低温热液型金矿床。矿区的金矿体赋存于破碎蚀变角岩和蚀变二长花岗斑岩中,受南北向正断裂系统的控制,矿化以金为主,伴有辉锑矿、雄黄、黄铁矿等矿物,可分为浅成低温热液和表生氧化2个成矿期,金可能以独立的自然金状态存在于脉石矿物的粒问或裂隙中。弄如日金矿床形成于伸展构造背景,在空间上居斑岩铜矿床外围,成矿时代为中新世一上新世,与冈底斯斑岩型铜钼矿床及其外围的矽卡岩型铅锌矿床的成矿时代基本一致,说明三者受统一的成矿作用制约,属斑岩岩浆一热液成矿系统中的浅成低温热液型金锑矿床。  相似文献   

16.
西藏弄如日金矿是冈底斯成矿带发现的第一个浅成低温热液型金矿床。为确定金矿床的成矿时代,对该矿床与金矿化有关的蚀变花岗斑岩中绢云母进行了40Ar-39Ar年龄测试,获得绢云母的加权平均年龄和等时线年龄分别为19.87±0.96Ma和19.70±0.30Ma。结果表明,弄如日金矿床金矿化的主要成矿时代为中新世。该成果的获得对于进一步认识弄如日金矿成因机制、地球动力学背景以及区域找金突破具有重要意义。  相似文献   

17.
Ye MyintSwe    Insung Lee  Than  Htay Min  Aung 《Resource Geology》2004,54(2):197-204
Abstract. Gold mineralization at Kyaukpahto occurs as a stockworks/dissemination style with localized breccia zones in silicified sandstones of the Male Formation (Eocene). The mineralization appears to be closely associated with NNE-SSW trending extensional faults probably related directly to the dextral movement of the Sagaing Fault system. Intense silicifica-tion associated with sericitization, argillic alteration and decalcification is recognized in the Kyaukpahto gold deposit. The important ore minerals associated with the gold mineralization are pyrite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite with minor amounts of other sulfides. Gold occurs as free particles or locked with pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and tetrahedrite. Silver, copper, arsenic and antimony particularly appear to be good pathfinders and the best geochemical indicators of gold mineralization at Kyaukpahto. Electron microprobe analysis indicates that the fineness for the native gold ranges from 844 to 866. Present geological, mineralogical and geochemical investigations demonstrate that the Kyaukpahto gold deposit has been formed as a result of hydrothermal processes in a shallow level epithermal environment.  相似文献   

18.
西天山地区金矿床主要成因类型及找矿方向   总被引:13,自引:4,他引:13  
西天山地区地处古亚洲构造域天山-兴蒙成矿带的西段,经历了漫长复杂的构造演化过程,尤其是海西期强烈的构造岩浆活动,为金成矿创造了有利的条件.近几年,本区找金工作取得了突破性的进展,相继发现了阿希、望峰、大山口等金矿床,显示了良好找金前景.根据前人和笔工作,讨论了本区主要金矿化类型浅成低温热液型(又进一步划分为冰长石-绢云母型和硅化岩型)斑岩型、韧性剪切带型穆龙套型等的成矿特征,在综合分析基础上,指出找矿方向.  相似文献   

19.
西天山是我国古生代造山带重要的金、铜矿成矿单元之一,具有Au、Cu地球化学场.各种地球物理场也显示具有良好的金、铜矿成矿地质背景.金、铜矿主要生成于海西期的构造岩浆地质热事件中,形成了浅成低温热液型和韧性剪切带型金矿以及海底火山喷气热水沉积型、矽卡岩型、斑岩型、陆相火山热液充填型铜矿.可划分出赛里木铜金成矿带、吐拉苏也里莫墩金成矿带、察布查尔铜成矿带及胜利达坂金成矿带.主要矿床有阿希金矿、望峰金矿、喇嘛苏铜矿和预须开普台铜矿.  相似文献   

20.
浅成低温热液型金矿特点、分布和找矿前景   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
浅成低温热液矿床的概念,最初由Lindgren首先提出.20世纪80年代以来环太平洋活动带上一系列大型、超大型金矿床的发现,在世界范围内掀起了一股空前的"浅成低温金矿"热.浅成低温金矿具有低温、低压、低盐度、成矿深度浅的特点.矿化作用发生在火山活动晚期,最终定位于火山地热系统波及范围内.全球浅成低温金矿明显呈集中成带分布的特点,绝大多数分布在著名的环太平洋带、古特提斯带和中亚-蒙古(古亚洲)带.此类金矿成矿在时间上的分布特点大体是①第三纪(最重要)、②第四纪更新世(次重要)、③中生代(重要)、④石炭-二叠纪(次要).成矿环境主要为岛弧带、板内走滑断裂带和上叠火山盆地、陆内裂谷.我国地处三大浅成低温成矿带分布区,已经发现诸如阿希、团结沟、紫金山等金(铜)矿床,找寻同类矿产前景广阔.  相似文献   

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