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1.
Smoothing and interpolation by kriging and with splines 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
G. S. Watson 《Mathematical Geology》1984,16(6):601-615
Let scalar measurements at distinct points x1, , xn
be y1, , yn.We may look for a smooth function f(x)that goes through or near the points (xi, yi).Kriging assumes f(x)is a random function with known (possibly estimable) covariance function (in the simplest case). Splines assume a definition of the smoothness of a nonrandom function f(x).An elementary explanation is given of the fact that spline approximations are special cases of the solution of a kriging problem. 相似文献
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本溪组指中国北方奥陶系灰岩不整合面之上、石炭-二叠纪含煤岩系之下,由碎屑岩夹灰岩或灰岩凸镜体所组成的一套海陆交互相地层。随着研究的深入,特别是地层学理论的发展及认识的不同,对本溪组岩石地层和年代地层的划分形成了多种争议。本文按地层多重划分的观点和方法认为组是一个岩石地层的自然实体,并有区别于相邻自然实体单位的岩石内容和反映其发育的某一特定过程。为此,建议以层型剖面(本溪市新洞沟与蚂蚁村沟间的牛毛岭)为准,将本溪组岩石地层单位定义到《全国地层多重划分对比研究》的成果上来。即奥陶系灰岩顶部不整合面之上、下蚂蚁沟灰岩底界之下的一套碎屑岩层。从该灰岩层(即华北各地下部第一层灰岩)始,到最上部一层灰岩顶界(如山西太原的东大窑灰岩、河南禹州L8灰岩)为上覆太原组。该组下部产G、F两层铝土页岩,称为湖田段;上部为紫色-杂色富碳岩系(夹一薄煤层或碳质页岩)称为新洞沟段。本溪组的地质时代或年代地层,依据各地所产化石及上覆太原组第一层灰岩(即顶界)所产化石,不同地区时限不同,在吉南-辽东地区为大塘阶-德呜阶;在晋冀鲁为罗苏阶-滑石板阶;而在河南禹州其顶界进入逍遥阶(或小独山阶)-阿瑟尔阶;明显地反映出岩石地层单位穿时的普遍性规律。 相似文献
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农业地质及其开发利用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
农业是人类基本生活资料的主要来源，是国民经济发展的基础，制约着其他产业部门发展的速度和规律。中国是农业大国，但却不是农业强国，农业地质主要研究与农业有关的岩石，地貌，地球化学，水资源等地质条件，农业地质与农业生产息息相关，并为农业生产的良好发展提供依据。 相似文献
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Geostatistical Seismic Inversion with Direct Sequential Simulation and Co-simulation with Multi-local Distribution Functions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rúben Nunes Amílcar Soares Leonardo Azevedo Pedro Pereira 《Mathematical Geosciences》2017,49(5):583-601
Stochastic sequential simulation is a common modelling technique used in Earth sciences and an integral part of iterative geostatistical seismic inversion methodologies. Traditional stochastic sequential simulation techniques based on bi-point statistics assume, for the entire study area, stationarity of the spatial continuity pattern and a single probability distribution function, as revealed by a single variogram model and inferred from the available experimental data, respectively. In this paper, the traditional direct sequential simulation algorithm is extended to handle non-stationary natural phenomena. The proposed stochastic sequential simulation algorithm can take into consideration multiple regionalized spatial continuity patterns and probability distribution functions, depending on the spatial location of the grid node to be simulated. This work shows the application and discusses the benefits of the proposed stochastic sequential simulation as part of an iterative geostatistical seismic inversion methodology in two distinct geological environments in which non-stationarity behaviour can be assessed by the simultaneous interpretation of the available well-log and seismic reflection data. The results show that the elastic models generated by the proposed stochastic sequential simulation are able to reproduce simultaneously the regional and global variogram models and target distribution functions relative to the average volume of each sub-region. When used as part of a geostatistical seismic inversion procedure, the retrieved inverse models are more geologically realistic, since they incorporate the knowledge of the subsurface geology as provided, for example, by seismic and well-log data interpretation. 相似文献
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Lavas and pyroclastics on Ascension Island contain plutonic blocks that include fluid-inclusion-bearing peralkaline-granite. 18O/16O ratios, F and Cl have been analysed on whole rocks and/or minerals for lavas and granites, and D/H ratios and H2O+ for comenditic obsidians and granites. Whole rock 18O/16O ratios of fresh alkali-basalt, hawaiite, trachyandesite, trachyte and comendite range from 6.0 to 6.9 with 18O tending to increase with increase in SiO2. The
18O values of the granites are from 0.0 to 0.3 depleted in 18O relative to the comendites. Comenditic obsidians have D= –80±4 and H2O+ 0.3 wt.% while amphiboles from the granites have D= –56±2 The O-isotope trend of the lavas is consistent with a crystal fractionation model. Fresh igneous rocks with
18O values greater than 7 involve processes in addition to crystal fractionation of a basaltic magma. The D/H ratios and Cl contents ( 3,000 ppm) of the H2O-poor comenditic obsidians represent undegassed primary magmatic values. The H-isotope compositions and low H2O and Cl (167 ppm) contents of the granites are consistent with the major degassing (loss of >90% of initial H2O) of an H2Osaturated magma derived from the interaction of sea (or possibly meteoric) water with the H2O-undersaturated comenditic melt. It is proposed that, associated with caldera subsidence and stoping, water was sucked in around the residual magma before the system had time to be sealed up. The H2O-undersaturated magma consumed this H2O with possibly some minor partial dehydration and dewatering of the hydrated volcanic roof blocks, at a pressure of about 1.5 kb. The granites are the plutonic equivalents of rhyolitic pyroclastics and not directly of the comendites. Granites from oceanic islands may, in general, be a result of generating an H2O-saturated acid melt by such direct or indirect crustal water-magma interaction processes.Contribution No. 603 Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques 相似文献
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数据光盘库及数据格式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
数据光盘库课题是“深部地球物理探测数据共享与对比研究”项目下的子课题,从1998年初开始至2000年底结束。课题在各专业课题制定的专业方法数据入库技术规定的前提下,调研了各单位数据保存状态,协调提交的入库数据,并编辑,整理。利用ACCESS软件,建立一套可实现数据多种格式转换,查询,刻录,共享并可广为使用的数据光盘交换系统。同时,协调了各地球物理专业方法的数据格式,并对各种专业数据格式进行了比较研究。采用先进的计算机技术和光盘介质,刻录并保存了大量而珍贵的新老深部研究数据。 相似文献
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Acta Geotechnica - A hyperelasticity for granular medium is proposed in this study, considering the inherent and stress-induced anisotropy. The nonlinear elastic behavior is described by defining... 相似文献
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Acta Geotechnica - The dynamics of grain fabrics is captured by means of a hidden state variable , named eutaraxy, which quantifies the propensity for a heat-like micro-seismicity due to disturbing... 相似文献