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1.
The relationship between land surface temperature and land use/land cover in Guangzhou,China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The integration of remote sensing, geographic information system, landscape ecology and statistical analysis methods was applied
to study the urban thermal environment in Guangzhou. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference
Build-up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Barren Index (NDBaI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) were
used to analyze the relationships between land surface temperature (LST) and land use/land cover (LULC) qualitatively. The
result revealed that, most urban built-up lands were located in the middle part, and high LST areas mostly and were in the
middle and southern parts. Therefore, the urbanization and thermal environment in the middle and southern parts need to be
determined. Land surface temperature increased with the density of urban built-up and barren land, but decreased with vegetation
cover. The relationship between MNDWI and LST was found to be negative, which implied that pure water would decrease the surface
temperature and the polluted water would increase the surface temperature. A multiple regression between LST and each indices
as well as the elevation was created to elevate the urban thermal environment, which showed that NDVI, NDBI, NDBaI, MNDWI
were effective indicators for quantifying LULC impacts on LST. 相似文献
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阜新矿区地面塌陷灾害对土地生产力的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
在研究地面塌陷对一个地区的影响时，一般只侧重于其对建筑物、铁路的影响，而对土地生产力影响的探讨和研究还不够深入。对于阜新矿区来说，地面塌陷对该区土地生产力的影响更是空白，前期的工作仅仅侧重于地面塌陷的调查，如果就地面塌陷对土地生产力的影响做一决的概括和分析，无疑会给今后治理由地面塌陷带来的灾害提供借鉴作用。本文结合大量实测、实算数据，应用土地复理论与方法对地面塌陷引起的土地侵蚀、土壤盐碱化、土壤湿度、土壤质量水平等四个方面做了较为系统的阐述，并对灾害的治理提出了见解。 相似文献
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利用能值分析方法揭示采煤沉陷区土地复垦行为特征,为采煤沉陷区土地复垦决策和土地利用导向提供科学依据。以徐州城北矿区复垦区为例,采用野外试验与能值理论分析相结合的方法,对采煤沉陷区土地复垦前后能值变化进行分析。结果表明:土地复垦是以人的价值行为为导向、自然资源为依托、生态系统流为骨架,来实现和提升采煤沉陷区生态经济系统功能;以恢复和提高区域生产力为价值导向的土地复垦行为可有效提高区域和产品服务功能,年净增加能值361.61×1016 sej;复垦后土地用途增加一定面积的鱼塘和储水区,在满足生产需求的同时,可提高区域水分涵养功能,年净增加能值4.6×1016 sej;土地复垦行为是通过调整采煤沉陷区土地利用结构、土地利用布局和土地利用行为,以实现生态经济系统能量流动与转换来增加区域生态经济系统能值。 相似文献
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Digital national land information 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
H. Matsuda 《GeoJournal》1980,4(4):313-318
The digital land data maintained in the Geographic Survey Institute are listed in Tab 1. They are computerized for the digital national land information to establish a geographical data bank of land information.The digital national land information contains many kinds of land data, which have been maintained mainly as maps, aerial photos and statistics, and is stored as magnetic tape.The smallest geographical unit is either the standard mesh, geodetic coordinate or dots, according to accuracy of the original data.The digital national land information can be used in the various fields of geographical researches and in national or local land planning.In this paper, as an example of application, the housing land selection method is introduced, using the natural land data and the land use data. 相似文献
9.
Yehua Wei 《GeoJournal》1993,30(4):435-440
Astract Recent economic reforms and shifts in land use planning in China have greatly changed the size and structure of urban land use. In this paper, an overview of the problems in urban land use and the impacts of economic reforms and planning policies on rapid urban land expansion and structural transformation is outlined. This is followed by statistical analyses to reveal determinants of urban land size. The study shows that urban land use in China has been improved, and urban land use size is related to urban reforms, urban land use adjustment, as well as to population growth and economic development. 相似文献
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Estimation of land coverage from a land cover classification derived from remotely sensed data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Giles M. Foody 《GeoJournal》1995,36(4):361-370
Remotely sensed data are an attractive source of land cover information. In many applications the required information relates to the extent or coverage of land cover class(es) in a region, which is generally derived from a count of the pixels allocated to the class(es) of interest in a classification. A highly accurate classification is not required for the derivation of accurate estimates of class coverage, provided the classification is accompanied by appropriate information on its quality. For instance, the information on classification quality contained in the classification confusion matrix can be used to significantly increase the accuracy of the estimates of land coverage. This is illustrated with reference to a case study focused on the estimation of despoiled land coverage in administratively defined local district in industrial South Wales from Landsat TM data. The accuracy of the investigation was assessed relative to a map of despoiled land cover for this region produced by conventional methods. From an image classification of moderate accuracy, the classification accuracy ranged form 57–83% between the districts investigated, a pixel count provided estimated of despoiled land coverage that were only poorly correlated to the mapped coverage;r = 0.27. Using the information on the pattern of error in the class allocation contained in the classification confusion matrix the estimation accuracy was increased significantly, with a correlation ofr = 0.81 observed between the remote sensing based estimate and the mapped land coverage. Furthermore, the r.m.s. error in despoiled land coverage estimation was reduced by approximately half, to less than 1% district area, when the classification was used in conjunction with information on the pattern of classification error. 相似文献
12.
Mustafa Elhadi K. Liu Guoxiang Abd El-Hamid Hazem T. Kaloop Mosbeh R. 《GeoJournal》2021,86(3):1089-1107
GeoJournal - Increasing of global average surface temperature naturally leading to major problems as global warming, which has typically attracted the interest of multinational organizations, civil... 相似文献
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Vaibhav Garg S. P. Aggarwal Prasun K. Gupta Bhaskar R. Nikam Praveen K. Thakur S. K. Srivastav A. Senthil Kumar 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(18):635
The sustainability of water resources mainly depends on planning and management of land use; a small change in it may affect water yield largely, as both are linked through relevant hydrological processes, explicitly. However, human activities, especially a significant increase in population, in-migration and accelerated socio-economic activities, are constantly modifying the land use and land cover (LULC) pattern. The impact of such changes in LULC on the hydrological regime of a basin is of widespread concern and a great challenge to the water resource engineers. While studying these impacts, the issue that prevails is the selection of a hydrological model that may be able to accommodate spatial and temporal dynamics of the basin with higher accuracy. Therefore, in the present study, the capabilities of variable infiltration capacity hydrological model to hydrologically simulate the basin under varying LULC scenarios have been investigated. For the present analysis, the Pennar River Basin, Andhra Pradesh, which falls under a water scarce region in India, has been chosen. The water balance components such as runoff potential, evapotranspiration (ET) and baseflow of Pennar Basin have been simulated under different LULC scenarios to study the impact of change on hydrological regime of a basin. Majorly, increase in built-up (13.94% approx.) and decrease in deciduous forest cover (2.44%) are the significant changes observed in the basin during the last three decades. It was found that the impact of LULC change on hydrology is balancing out at basin scale (considering the entire basin, while routing the runoff at the basin outlet). Therefore, an analysis on spatial variation in each of the water balance components considered in the study was done at grid scale. It was observed that the impact of LULC is considerable spatially at grid level, and the maximum increase of 265 mm (1985–2005) and the decrease of 48 mm (1985–1995) in runoff generation at grid were estimated. On the contrary, ET component showed the maximum increase of 400 and decrease of 570 mm under different LULC change scenario. Similarly, in the base flow parameter, an increase of 70 mm and the decrease of 100 mm were observed. It was noticed that the upper basin is showing an increasing trend in almost all hydrological components as compared to the lower basin. Based on this basin scale study, it was concluded that change in the land cover alters the hydrology; however, it needs to be studied at finer spatial scale rather than the entire basin as a whole. The information like the spatial variation in hydrological components may be very useful for local authority and decision-makers to plan mitigation strategies accordingly. 相似文献
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E. M. Yates 《GeoJournal》1992,26(3):265-275
In the first section concepts relating to the ownership of land, as voiced by various thinkers from Plato and Aristotle to Locke, Proudhon and Marx, are discussed. In the second section it is shown, that despite the high moral tone of the theorists, in practice land was acquired by theft, the theft perhaps followed by some retrospective attempts to achieve legality. Land was also expropriated on a large scale to be used as a counter in the struggle between the power groupa within the state. In the third section the present day relevance of estate ownership is briefly examined, with reference to political power and to environmental conservation. It is suggested that ideally there should be a return to a leasehold system, in Proudhon's terms possession rather than ownership, land leased from the community and forfeited if environmental damage is inflicted. There should be limit to the upward size of estates in order to limit the political advantages that accrue to families holding large areas of land. For these reforms to be effective and enormous enlargement of democratic processes is required, accompanied by a reduction in power of the central authorities, and by an increase in the financial and intellectual investment in education. 相似文献
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H. G. Richter Dr. 《GeoJournal》1984,8(1):67-74
Types and pattern of land use in the GDR are controlled both by the historical development and the strong influences of technological, social and political alterations during the last four decades. Owing to these factors and the favourable natural conditions the share of non-arable area is small. The two basic features of land transformation are land use alteration and intensification. Compared to other European countries the first process lies on the average. It is still remarkable because most alterations of land use drastically reduce the agricultural area. Intensification consequently is the main type of land transformation in all sections of regional development. In most cases the benefit of strong intensification serves to particular users. Therefore various by-effects arise like pollution, contamination, blocking and devastating of renewable natural resources. Under the auspices of long term rationalization land transformation must be accompanied by the development of a dense network of protective measures and reservation areas, and in addition by different types for multiple utilization of renewable natural resources. At present complicated systems of land use are in evolution. 相似文献
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Population growth and land degradation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Mortimore M 《GeoJournal》1993,31(1):15-21
The author examines the relationship between population growth and land degradation in the developing world. The focus is on the process of desertification in arid regions. 相似文献
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本文论述了在土地利用现状调查中应用数字高程模型技术,进行土地坡度的计算,并详细阐述了基于DEM获取坡度图的流程. 相似文献
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An airborne spectroscopic image was flown over an intensively used agricultural area and over a location which had suffered from a forest fire. Many surfaces feature details could be indentified either from synthesized near true color images, from the normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), from a principal component analysis or by treating the data with an unsupervised neural network. A comparison of the individual results demonstrates the strength of each method. 相似文献