共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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沉积盆地有机质自由基热演化特征及其作为古温标的探索 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
恢复沉积盆地热历史的方法主要有古地温指标法和动力学模拟法两类.古温标法中最常用的为有机质成熟度和矿物裂变径迹,动力学模拟法中最常用的是盆地的拉张模型和挤压模型.本文针对Ⅰ型有机质自由基浓度作为沉积盆地古温标进行了探索研究.分析了自然演化系列Ⅰ型有机质的自由基的热演化特征;根据自然演化系列的Ⅰ型有机质自由基浓度及时间-温度指数(TTI)数据,对热模拟实验下的Ⅰ型有机质自由基浓度及时间-温度指数(TTI)值进行校正,由校正后的数据初步建立了Ⅰ型有机质的自由基浓度(Ng)与时间-温度指数(TTI)的定量模型. 相似文献
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沉积盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩地区热历史恢复方法探索 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
古温标是目前恢复沉积盆地热历史最常用方法之一,但在下古生界高过成熟碳酸盐岩由于没有合适的成熟度标定参数(古温标),对其经受的热历史和成烃史的恢复一直是困扰中国海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探的问题。目前常用的沥青反射率、牙形石色变指数、镜状体反射率等各类古温标,在用于早古生代碳酸盐岩地区的热历史恢复时都是借助于它们各自与镜质体反射率之间的关系,再利用现有的镜质体反射率模拟热历史方法来恢复热历史,因而存在不同的缺陷。重点介绍了利用有机质自由基浓度作为碳酸盐岩地区古温标的可能性。通过不同时间和温度下的热模拟得到的有机质自由基浓度数据,初步建立了三种类型有机质的自由基浓度(N)与时间-温度指数(TTI)的定量模型。这种有机质自由基浓度与TTI的关系式为碳酸盐岩地区古地温的恢复提供了新的方法。 相似文献
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《地学前缘》2017,(3)
沉积盆地的热历史研究对盆地的动力学研究和油气成藏研究都具有重要的意义,已经成为当前盆地分析的一个热点及前沿领域。沉积盆地的热历史研究包括岩石圈尺度上的构造热演化法和盆地尺度上的古温标法,而两者都经历了从定性到半定量再到定量的发展过程。文章综述了目前沉积盆地热历史研究方法的基本原理和进展。构造热演化法按照不同的动力学机制将盆地划分成不同的类型:伸展盆地、前陆挠曲盆地、克拉通盆地、走滑拉分盆地。不同类型盆地的定量模型彼此各不相同。古温标方法的种类繁多,但各种方法都拥有自身的特点。文章综述了镜质体反射率、沥青反射率及镜状体反射率、裂变径迹、(U-Th)/He定年方法、有机质自由基浓度、岩石热声发射等古温标方法。利用古温标法进行热史反演,主要通过随机演化法、古地温梯度法、古热流法3种基本方法。此外,采用多种古温标耦合同步反演可以极大程度上提高反演结果的质量。因为单纯使用构造热演化法或古温标法存在较大的不确定性和多解性,所以利用计算机软件将二者结合使用成了沉积盆地热历史研究的趋势。 相似文献
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与简单盆地和叠合盆地中-浅层相比,叠合盆地深层往往缺乏镜质体反射率等传统古温标,海相碳酸盐岩层次往往缺乏磷灰石、锆石等重矿物而无法开展裂变径迹和（U-Th）/He分析,而且经历了多期复杂热史,古温标早期热记录被后期构造-热事件叠加改造,因此单一古温标和单一的热史恢复模式难以满足叠合盆地深层构造-热演化研究。本文从沉积盆地构造-热演化基本研究方法入手,着重介绍了发展迅速的多种显微组分荧光分析（FAMM）和二元同位素技术。针对叠合盆地深层多期复杂热史恢复的难点,以四川盆地为例总结了开展叠合盆地深层构造-热演化研究的思路和工作方法。叠合盆地深层构造-热演化研究应坚持今古地温场并举、盆地热演化与区域构造演化相结合、地质-地球物理-地球化学三位一体的总体工作思路,多温标耦合,正、反演结合,既考虑岩石圈热演化的动力学规律,又考虑该演化过程对盆地基底沉降、地层发育、古温标热演化程度的影响,只有这样才能保证叠合盆地深层构造-热演化研究结果的可靠性。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起奥陶系构造-热演化史恢复 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起区构造位置独特,演化历史复杂.该区下古生界奥陶系碳酸盐岩有机质丰度较高,是寻找天然气的有利地区.奥陶系碳酸盐岩由于缺乏有效的古温标,热演化程度的确定及热演化历史的恢复一直是研究的难题.本文利用渭北隆起奥陶系碳酸盐岩大量的沥青反射率测试资料,结合上覆晚古生代、中生代地层的镜质组反射率资料及磷灰石和锆石裂变径迹等古温标,恢复了渭北隆起的构造热-演化史.研究结果表明古生界奥陶系热演化程度具有北高南低的特点.奥陶系等效镜质组反射率普遍大于2.00％,处于过成熟干气阶段.磷灰石裂变径迹资料表明渭北隆起抬升冷却具有南早北晚的特点.南部奥陶系-下二叠统抬升早,约为102～107 Ma,北部自65 Ma以来抬升,主要抬升时期为40 Ma以来.渭北隆起自早白垩世晚期(102～107 Ma)以来开始隆升,40 Ma以来具有整体快速隆升的特点.热演化史研究表明奥陶系经历的最大古地温是在早白垩世达到的,早白垩世发生过一期构造热事件,古地温梯度可达4.60℃/100 m,早白垩世是奥陶系烃源岩的主要生气期,生气期主要受构造热事件控制.奥陶系热演化程度及热演化史的研究对渭北隆起奥陶系天然气成藏条件研究及天然气勘探有重要意义. 相似文献
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沉积盆地的热史恢复可在岩石圈和盆地两个尺度上进行。在盆地尺度上可利用地层中的镜质体反射率、磷灰石裂变径迹、氢指数、矿物或流体包裹体等各种古温标来反演地层热历史和盆地热流史。利用古温标进行热史恢复可分为正演和反演两种途径 ,在实际工作中通常采用正演的方法进行计算 (Ｊ .Ｊ .Ｓｗｅｅｎｅｙ和Ａ .Ｋ .Ｂｕｒｎｈａｍ ,1990 ;Ｉ.Ｒ .Ｄｕｄｄｙｅｔａｌ.,1991;胡圣标等 ,1998,1999)。本文提出的正反演相结合最优化方法则首先建立反映古温标计算值与实测值差异的目标函数 ,然后以现今大地热流 (或地温梯度 )与地表温度为初始条… 相似文献
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有效古温标的缺乏制约了碳酸盐岩层系热史的研究,团簇同位素作为一种新兴古温标,对碳酸盐岩层系热史重建具有重要意义。四川盆地二叠系是天然气勘探开发的重点层系,本文通过对川东地区二叠系碳酸盐岩样品进行团簇同位素测试,联合镜质组反射率重建了二叠纪以来的热史,在此基础上明确了二叠系烃源岩的热演化,并讨论了峨眉山地幔柱对川东热体制的影响。川东地区碳酸盐岩的团簇同位素温度在101. 7~178. 7℃,利用交换/扩散模型进行热史模拟认为：川东地区晚白垩世古温度最高,最高古温度在213~225℃,古地温梯度在23~33 ℃/km;川东地区二叠纪古热流最高,最高古热流约为55~70 mW/m 2,二叠纪之后热流逐渐降低至现今大地热流。烃源岩热演化分析认为：川东地区二叠系烃源岩热演化具有阶段性,热演化受控于构造运动,受印支期运动和燕山 喜马拉雅期运动影响存在两期热演化停滞,晚白垩世达到最高古温度后停止生烃,现今处于生气阶段。川东地区二叠纪热流值和烃源岩热演化主要受到地壳拉张减薄作用的影响,受峨眉山地幔柱的影响较小且具有局限性。 相似文献
11.
Free Radicals in Organic Matter for Thermal History Reconstruction of Carbonate Succession 
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下载免费PDF全文 QIU Nansheng LI Huili JIN Zhijun ZHU Yinkang 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(4):605-613
Geothermometer is one of the most useful methods to reconstruct the thermal history of sedimentary basins. This paper introduces the application of free radicals concentration of organic matter as a thermal indicator in the thermal history reconstruction of carbonate succession, based on anhydrous thermal simulation results of type I and H1 kerogen. A series of free radicals data are obtained under thermal simulation of different heating temperatures and times, and quantitative modds between free radical concentration （Ng） of organic matter and time-temperature index （TTI） for types I and type H1 kerogen are also obtained. This Ng.TTI relation was used to model the Ordovician thermal gradients of Well TZ12 in the Tarim Basin. The modeling result is corresponding to the results obtained by apatite fission track data and published data. This new method of thermal history reconstruction will be benefit to the hydrocarbon generation and accumulation study and resource assessment of carbonate succession. 相似文献
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沉积盆地热历史恢复方法及其在油气勘探中的应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
沉积盆地热历史的研究在油气勘探和油气成藏研究中占有重要地位。恢复沉积盆地热历史的方法主要有古地温指标法和动力学模拟法两类。古地温指标法中最常用的为有机质成熟度和矿物裂变径迹,动力学模拟法中最常用的是盆地的拉张模型和挤压模型。恢复下古生界碳酸盐岩地区所经受的热历史还存在一系列问题,需探索新方法。介绍了盆地热历史恢复的思路和技术,并结合中国西部盆地的实例阐述了盆地热历史恢复在盆地动力学、烃源岩成烃演化和油气成藏期次研究中的应用。 相似文献
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Haiyan Hu 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(4):425-430
To determine the effect of thermal maturity on the methane sorption in shale gas system, two different thermal maturity kerogens of type II isolated from Barnett shale of Fort Worth Basin were used to measure the methane adsorption amount under the pressure ranging from 0 to 14 MPa at constant temperatures. One kerogen was called Lee C-5-1 with 0.58% of vitrinite reflectance; the other was called Blakely#1 kerogen with 2.01% of vitrinite reflectance. The results suggested that the methane sorption capacity of kerogen Blakely#1 was higher than the immature kerogen Lee C-5-1, and its Langmuir constant and Langmuir maximum sorption amount, which were reached by fitting the measured data for at least square method, greater than the immature kerogen Lee C-5-1. This may be associated with that nanopores opened up during the degradation of organic matter, and which increased the specific surface area of kerogen. Therefore, the over mature kerogen has greater methane adsorption capacity. 相似文献
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利用磷灰石构造热年代学年龄、有机质成熟度指标、磷灰石裂变径迹热史模拟和单井EASY%Ro反演等方法,对新疆库鲁克塔格地区盆山系统开展盆山构造热演化史研究。结果表明,磷灰石年龄记录了早白垩世（99~1244 Ma）、晚白垩世（66~87 Ma）和古近纪（284~63 Ma）3次抬升过程;有机质成熟度指标和磷灰石裂变径迹热史模拟反映出海西期构造抬升过程。单井热史模拟表明,孔雀河斜坡下古生界烃源岩在志留纪末-早泥盆世到达最大热演化程度,模拟最大古地温梯度为356 ℃/100 m,侏罗纪末古地温梯度为31 ℃/100 m,焉耆盆地南部凹陷侏罗纪晚期模拟最大古地温梯度达415 ℃/100 m。海西期剧烈的造山运动使孔雀河斜坡由沉积转入剥蚀演化阶段,对油气成藏具有重要意义,晚白垩世隆升使孔雀河斜坡及焉耆盆地侏罗纪烃源岩热演化停止。 相似文献
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<正>The thermal evolution of source rocks in the Paleozoic has long been a problem to petroleum exploration in the Bachu uplift,Tarim basin,since the thermal history in the Paleozoic could not be rebuilt objectively due to lack of effective thermal indicators in the Lower Paleozoic successions.The apatite and zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronometry can be used as a new kind of technique to study the thermal history and tectonic uplift of sedimentary basins.Based on the measured apatite and zircon(U-Th)/He ages,apatite fission track data and equivalence vitrinite reflectance(%EVR_o),the tectonothermal histories in 5 wells of the Bachu uplift were modeled.The modeling results show that there was relatively high gradient at the Early Paleozoic in the Bachu uplift and it decreased gradually during the entire Paleozoic:33-35℃/km in the Cambrian-Ordovician, 32-33℃/km in the Silurian-Devonian,30-32℃/km at the end of Carboniferous and 27.5- 31℃/km at the end of Permian.Therefore,the thermal history can be modeled by combining multiple thermal indicators of AFT,(U-Th)/He ages and EVR_o data.Especially,this provides a new method to rebuild the thermal history for the Low Paleozoic carbonate successions in the Tarim Basin. 相似文献
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Considerable attention has been paid in recent years to the study of geothermal history by using spontaneous fission tracks of 238U recorded in minerals.Apatite and zircon were used for fission track study in this paper because apatitie has been widely used as a natural geothermometer(Wang Shicheng et al., 1994) to reveal the thermal evolution of sedimentary rocks based on its low annealing temperature of fission tracks and zircon is characterized by a closing temperature above 700℃,The samples were collected from ferruginous,siliceous slate wall rock at the upper levels of the orebody and Nb-REE-Fe ores from deep tunnels.The age and thermal evolution of the orebody were discussed in terms of fission track characters and their length variations observed in the coexisting apatite and zircon in the same specimen. 相似文献
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Fariborz Goodarzi Thomas Gentzis Shimon Feinstein Lloyd Snowdon 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1988,10(4)
The variability in reflectance of huminite (texto-ulminite, eu-ulminite A and B, different types of corpohuminite) and liptinite groups of macerals in subbituminous coals was examined using reflected light microscopy. All macerals were selected from coal and interbedded carbonaceous shale and carbonate sediment samples from the 515-m-thick coal deposit No. 2 located in the Hat Creek valley of south-central British Columbia. The measurements obtained reveal that, in addition to burial depth, reflectance distribution depends on maceral subtypes and associated mineral matrix.Huminite in the coals and sediments (kerogen) consists mainly of humotelinite, with eu-ulminite B being the dominant maceral sub-type. Reflectance values determined on huminite in coals and Type IIIb kerogen increase from eu-ulminite A and phlobaphinite type 1 through eu-ulminite B and phlobaphinite type 2 to gelinite. The reflectance of all five huminite maceral subtypes studied increases with depth. However, the increase of phlobaphinite type 1 and gelinite reflectance with depth is irregular.A comparison of the reflectance values obtained for the same maceral subtype (eu-ulminite B) from the interbedded coal, shale and carbonate samples records consistent differences, implying some dependence of the reflectance (and perhaps rate of organic maturation) on the mineral matrix. Generally, the highest eu-ulminite B reflectance was recorded from carbonate rocks and the lowest from shale, whereas coal matrix produced intermediate values.At present, it is not known whether differences in reflectance of eu-ulminite found in the above lithologies are due to differential retention, efficiency of reaction products removal, thermal conductivity of the lithologies, or existence of a calcium carbonate catalyst. 相似文献