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多孔状硅岩与热水沉积成矿 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
硅化—硅质岩是热水沉积成矿(喷流成矿)的一种重要地球化学标志。秦岭泥盆系横贯500余公里的多金属矿带中,硅化—硅质岩主要有两种组构并相应地有两种产状。一种是主要产于生物灰岩与泥岩层间过渡部位的硅质岩。以层状似层状为特征,局部见 相似文献
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贵州晴隆锑矿田微量元素地球化学特征及其对成矿流体的指示意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
硅化凝灰岩是贵州晴隆锑矿田普遍发育的成矿作用产物。对比分析未蚀变凝灰岩、硅化凝灰岩、峨眉山玄武岩、萤石和辉锑矿稀土元素配分特征,以及某些高场强元素特征参数,探讨成矿流体物理化学特征。大厂层下段（P2d1）强硅化凝灰岩、中段（P2d2）近矿硅化凝灰岩及上段（P2d3）未蚀变凝灰岩Sb元素丰度显示,与峨眉山玄武岩喷发有关的凝灰岩可能是潜在的晴隆锑矿矿源层,后期热液带来部分矿质来源,热液改造作用是成矿物质富集的关键。凝灰岩蚀变前后稀土元素演化特征研究表明,成矿流体稀土元素含量很低、以富F为特征且具有还原性。Y／Ho、Zr／Hf和Nb／Ta比值表明晴隆锑矿成矿流体具多源特征。辉锑矿稀土元素配分特征与国内其他辉锑矿有显著区别,其具有近似的w型四分组效应是继承海水或地层水稀土元素特征的表现。 相似文献
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松辽盆地东南隆起区青山口组一段泥页岩地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松辽盆地青山口组一段主要为暗色泥岩,并发育多层品质较好的油页岩。对盆地东南隆起区NGN1井泥岩系统取样测试,地球化学分析结果显示:w(Si O2)为44.88%~57.75%,w(K2O)一般比w(Na2O)高,w(Mg O+Fe2OT3)为4.5%~10.01%,表明泥岩中含有较多的含钾矿物和一定的铁镁质成分。样品微量元素PAAS标准化配分曲线显示样品中元素富集、亏损均呈现基本一致的趋势,表明泥岩沉积时期存在一种主要物源。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化后呈现出明显的右倾趋势和Eu的负异常,显示物源来自上地壳。泥岩CIA指数为48~62,Th/U值大都集中在1.48~4,表明泥岩源区经历了低等的风化作用;Th/Sc--Zr/Sc图解显示泥岩中的沉积碎屑没有经历沉积再循环,受原岩成分控制,表明地球化学数据可以进行物源类型和构造环境判断。根据原岩和构造背景判别图解,松辽盆地东南隆起区青一段泥岩物源主要为中—晚侏罗世中酸性喷发岩,并混有海西期和燕山期花岗岩;原岩的构造背景为大陆边缘造山运动形成的大陆岛弧。 相似文献
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甘肃大水金矿是我国近年新发现的一类金矿,矿物成分简单,矿石品位高,易采、易选,经济效益极好。矿区主要出露中三叠统灰岩、白云质灰岩和印支期闪长玢岩株、闪长玢岩脉。金矿石可分似碧玉岩型、灰岩型、脉岩型和岩溶型四类;主要矿石为似碧玉岩,即赤铁矿化隐晶质硅质岩,似碧玉岩又可分纹层状、块状和角砾状等亚型。区内围岩蚀变主要是硅化、赤铁矿化和碳酸盐化。成矿期、尤其是成矿后方解石脉十分发育。岩矿石地球化学特征表明,硅化灰岩矿石、似碧玉岩主要为含金富硅盆地流体充填、交代作用的产物,形成于近地表、开放的氧化环境。 相似文献
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浙江八面山特大型萤石矿床成因研究 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
通过成矿地质背景,矿体地质特征,矿石特征,矿床稀土元素,流体包裹体地球化学,氢氧同位素地球化学特征等研究,认为八面山萤石矿床,按矿体赋存于岩体与灰岩接触带、灰岩层间及构造破碎带;岩石有细粒及粗粒-巨晶两类;矿床成矿温度主要集中在120°～240°之间;氢氧同位素特征反应成矿流体具有多来源多成因的特征;成矿物质Ca主要来源于寒武系中的灰岩与泥质灰岩,F主要来源于寒武系泥质灰岩,部分可能为岩浆热液从地表深部携带而来,萤石矿床成矿流体水具有多源性;成矿流体具有大气降水,变质水和岩浆水共同混合作用的结果,在岩浆侵入热源的作用下,三种水混合后被加热,形成了成矿溶液的重要载体。研究认为八面山萤石矿床是受地层-岩体-断裂共同控制"三位一体"的中低温热液成因矿床。 相似文献
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文章通过对戈塘金矿硅质角砾岩的地质特征、地球化学特征综合分析,认为矿区的角砾硅化灰岩、硅化黏土岩等蚀变地质体为热液成因,其中硅质来源可分为成岩期与成矿期:成岩期硅质来自热泉型生物沉积;成矿期硅质来自成矿流体。成矿流体是来源于深部流体与天水、地层建造水的混合作用形成的混合流体。根据矿石结构构造特征及含金蚀变地质体产状特征,结合在戈塘地区茅口组底部及以下地层中新近发现呈筒状产出的含金蚀变角砾岩,认为戈塘金矿矿区含金角砾岩具有隐爆角砾岩的特征,得出戈塘金矿成因类型可能为隐爆角砾岩型金矿的新认识。此认识可供黔西南金矿成矿理论研究、探讨新的找矿方向和成矿预测提供参考。 相似文献
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贵州道真新民铝土矿床属于典型的古风化壳沉积型矿床,矿体主要呈层状、似层状产出,受地层控制明显,后期断裂构造破坏了地表矿体的连续性。矿石主要构成矿物为一水硬铝石、一水软铝石和高岭石。铝土矿石的主要化学组分为Al2O3、Si O2、Fe2O3和Ti O2,w(Al2O3)为31.26%~78.38%,w(Si O2)为1.06%~47.37%,w(Fe2O3)为1.21%~14.01%,w(Ti O2)为0.75%~3.08%。矿石中Cd、Li、Cr、Pb和Ga具有较高程度的富集,而Be、Sc为弱富集元素,其余元素呈不同程度的贫化(亏损)。Li、Ge和Ga在矿体中富集程度高,w(Ga)为23×10-6~119.74×10-6,平均55.24×10-6,高于铝土矿伴生元素工业指标20×10-6近一倍。矿石中稀土总量介于22.01×10-6~6339.18×10-6,具有轻稀土富集和轻、重稀土明显分异特征;矿石中Eu呈负异常,Ce呈正异常;稀散稀有元素可能以矿物质的形式存在于含铝矿物中,与铝同步迁移富集。与上覆栖霞组灰岩及下伏黄龙组灰岩或韩家店组泥岩或钙质粘土岩相比,铝土矿石与韩家店组泥岩具有相似的稀土配分模式和Eu、Ce异常特征,暗示韩家店组泥岩可能是铝土矿的成矿母岩。 相似文献
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灰岩碳氧同位素特征与隐伏花岗岩的关系——以栗木水溪庙矿区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对栗木水溪庙矿区泥盆系上统融县组灰岩的碳氧同位素进行了研究,该地区灰岩的碳氧同位素组成可提供隐伏花岗岩隆起及其相关流体的重要信息。受隐伏花岗岩侵入驱动的流体与上覆融县组灰岩发生反应的温度在110℃左右,流体的初始同位素组成为δ18OSMOW=-3‰,δ13CPDB≤-7‰,反应的水岩比值（w/r）可能小于5。这种岩浆水与大气降水的混合流体与围岩之间的水岩反应使得地表灰岩的δ18O和δ13C值降低,产生负异常。研究表明,围岩的δ18O值降低受反应的水岩比值和温度控制;δ13C值降低主要与反应的水岩比值有关。反应的温度越高,w/r值越大,灰岩的碳氧同位素负异常越明显。因此,水溪庙矿区地表出露的碳酸盐地层中的碳氧同位素变化可在地球化学勘查中用于指示下伏花岗岩岩脊的隐伏位置。 相似文献
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灰家堡背斜构造蚀变体(SBT)为产出于茅口租(P_2m)和龙潭组(P_3l)之间不整合面上的一套强硅化灰岩、灰岩角砾岩、硅化粘土岩角砾岩组合。分析采自构造蚀变体样品的岩石地球化学特征,对区内钻孔揭露SBT及赋存于其中的Ⅰa矿体厚度及品位进行统计并绘制等值线图,探讨SBT地质地球化学特征对金成矿的制约。结果显示,SBT以角砾状构造和强硅化蚀变为显著特征,具有普遍较高的硅含量(54.02%92.24%),钙、铝、镁、钾、钠等主量元素的含量较低;而SBT及其围岩微量元素对大陆地壳标准化图解具有相似的曲线型式,呈显著的Au、As、Sb、Hg富集,表明在热液蚀变过程中热液流体与角砾岩的水岩反应对其微量元素组成未造成明显的改变;通过相关性分析,Cd、Te、Sr与Au关系密切,显示Cd、Te具有明显的富集,而Sr亏损。Cd、Te、Sr的异常对金矿化有指示意义;SBT中矿体的品位和SBT厚度呈正相关性,但矿体厚度和SBT厚度关系不甚明显,表明一定厚度的SBT可能更有利于Au的富集成矿。 相似文献
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S. O. Idakwo 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,90(4):495-502
Major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) concentrations in limestone beds of the Asu River Group within the Middle Benue Trough were measured to understand the depositional conditions, characteristics and source of REE. The limestone has high content of CaO (Average of 46.55%), followed by SiO2 (Average of 7.90 %), Fe2O3(t), MgO and Al2O3. The limestones are depleted in most of the trace elements (Co, V, Rb, Ba, Zr, Y, Nb, Hf and Th) when compared with the Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS). The observed large variations in ΣREE contents among various limestones of the present study (12.22 to 142.53ppm) are mainly due to the amount of terrigenous matter present in them. The characteristics of non-seawater-like REE patterns, elevated REE concentrations, high LaN/YbN ratios and low Y/Ho ratios, suggest that the observed variations in ΣREE contents are mainly controlled by the amount of detrital sediments in the limestones of the Asu River Group in the middle Benue trough. The observed variations in Ce contents and Ce anomalies in the studied samples resulted from detrital input. The limestones show positive Mn* values (0.30 to 0.78) and low contents of U (～0.60–3.20 ppm) suggesting that they were deposited under oxygen-rich environment. 相似文献
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藏南沙拉岗锑矿稀土和微量元素地球化学示踪及成矿物质来源 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
藏南沙拉岗锑矿赋存于下白垩统甲不拉组碳质板岩、泥质粉砂岩、硅质岩及燕山期辉绿岩和喜山期辉长岩中,受近东西向层间破碎带和近南北向构造破碎带控制。围岩蚀变较弱,围绕矿体呈对称性的面状、带状分布。稀土和微量元素测试结果表明碳质板岩和硅质岩具有与上地壳和太古宙后页岩非常相似的稀土配分模式。喜山期辉长岩以轻稀土相对亏损、重稀土相对富集和Eu轻度亏损的平坦型稀土配分模式有别于以轻稀土轻度富集、Eu无异常的稀土配分模式为特征的藏南燕山期辉绿岩。锑矿石具有轻稀土强烈富集、分馏程度高、Eu中度亏损、Ce强烈亏损的配分模式,与洋中脊黑烟囱-白烟囱中热液流体和喷流沉积物的Eu强正异常、海水的Ce中等负异常和重稀土富集的稀土配分模式及沃西Sedex型W-Sb-Au矿的稀土配分模式明显不同,但与喜山期辉长岩的稀土配分模式具有明显的互补关系。此外,锑矿石以其强Nb负异常及Ce和Ba正异常的微量元素特征,展示出与喜山期辉长岩的弱Nb负异常和强Rb正异常及碳质板岩-硅质岩的Nb、Ba负异常和轻度Ce、Rb、Th正异常的异同点,矿石δ34S除个别样品为10.3‰和-41.6‰外,均分布在-2.6‰~-4.1‰区间,反映成矿物质主要来源于岩浆的特点。前人测定的流体包裹体氢、氧同位素值分别为δD=-151‰~-166‰,δ18O=9.4‰~12.3‰,显示岩浆水和地下水的混合性质。因此沙拉岗锑矿是形成于中新世、与藏南拆离系有关的浅成低温热液型矿床,成矿物质主要来源于喜山期辉长岩岩浆,少量来源于围岩,成矿流体部分来源于岩浆期后热液,部分来源于地下水。 相似文献
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辽宁弓长岭铁矿二矿区条带状铁建造地球化学特征及成因探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以弓长岭铁矿二矿区磁铁石英岩、磁铁富矿和蚀变围岩样品为研究对象,进行了主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和Fe同位素的测试。结果表明:磁铁石英岩主要由TFe2O3和SiO2组成,Al2O3和TiO2质量分数较低,微量元素质量分数和稀土元素质量分数均较低;经澳大利亚后太古界平均页岩(PAAS)标准化的稀土配分模式呈现出轻稀土亏损和重稀土富集,La、Eu和Y的正异常明显,Ce的异常不明显,Y/Ho值较高;富集Fe的重同位素,且与海底喷发热液经过氧化沉淀后的Fe同位素特征一致。磁铁富矿与磁铁石英岩的地球化学特征有很好的一致性和继承性,但磁铁富矿的REE和Eu质量分数较高,且较磁铁石英岩富集Fe的轻同位素,范围更大,与蚀变岩的Fe同位素组成相近。弓长岭铁矿的磁铁石英岩是陆源物质加入很少的古海洋化学沉积岩,为喷出的海底热液与海水的混合条件下氧化沉淀形成的。磁铁富矿推测为富Fe的轻同位素热液对磁铁石英岩进行改造,经过去硅富铁作用形成的。 相似文献
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贵州水银洞金矿构造蚀变体稀土元素地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
水银洞金矿构造蚀变体(SBT)为产出于茅口租(P2m)和龙潭组(P3l)之间不整合面上的一套强硅化灰岩、灰岩角砾岩、硅化粘土岩组合.呆用ICP-MS测定钻孔岩芯中构造蚀变体样品稀土元素组成,对比研究SBT围岩、区域岩浆岩及现代海底热水系统流体稀土元素组成.结果显示,SBT的轻重稀土分馏明显[LREE/HREE=4.92～17.51,(La/Yb)N=5.94～38.37],曲线右倾型;轻稀土分异明显,曲线右倾程度大;重稀土分异不明显,曲线平坦;负Eu(0.61～0.94)、Ce(0.52～1.07)异常明显;SBT及围岩均具有明显W型稀土元素四分组效应,而不同于区域岩浆岩和现代海底热水系统流体,表明热液流体来源以壳源为主. 相似文献
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In Upper Jurassic carbonate turbidites of the Betic mountains (southern Spain), chert occurs in three morphologies: bedded chert, nodular chert and mottled chert. The last refers to a weak dispersed and selective silification which gives a speckled appearance to the rock. The three types of chert are formed by replacement of limestones and are associated with different calcareous facies. Turbidite packstones of Saccocoma and peloids, and turbidite lime mudstones of pelagic material contain bedded and nodular cherts. The silicification textures are mainly micro- and cryptocrystalline quartz, with local chalcedonic quartz (both length-fast and length-slow) which is more common in the packstones. Only mottled chert is produced where calcareous breccia beds are silicified. Mottled chert consists of micro- and cryptocrystalline quartz, length-slow chalcedonic quartz and mosaics or individual crystals of euhedral megaquartz. Beds and nodules are the result of early diagenetic silicification, with silica derived from the calcitization and dissolution of radiolarians and, subordinately, sponge spicules, whereas mottled chert is the consequence of later silicification in a probably Mg-rich environment. Early silicification is mainly confined to turbidite beds and only rarely occurs in the interbedded pelagic limestones. Turbidite sedimentation favours silicification because rapid burial of the transported siliceous tests prevents silica from the dissolution of tests passing into overlying sea water. A silica-rich interstitial fluid develops in the turbidite layer and this migrates to more permeable zones giving rise to bedded and nodular chert. 相似文献
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Major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) concentration of the Eocene limestones, Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan, India are analysed to reconstruct the depositional conditions and to identify sources of REEs. Among the major oxides, CaO is the dominant oxide followed by SiO2 in the studied limestones. Trace element Ba dominates over the other trace elements and it shows negative correlation with CaO. The Sr, occurring in small concentration, shows positive correlation with CaO. Other trace elements such as V, Zr, Sc, Y, Rb, Ni, Pb Co, Cu, U occur in small concentrations. The studied limestones show a positive correlation of ΣREE with Fe2O3, Ni, Th, Sc, and Y. These limestones possess sea-water like shale-normalized REE + Y pattern with light REE depletion, slight Gd enrichment, slightly positive La anomaly, positive Y anomaly, positive Eu anomaly, negative Ce anomaly and superchondritic Y/Ho ratio from 23.12 to 28.57. The dominance of CaO and low percentage of MgO suggest that mineral phase is calcite and there is absence of dolomitization. The occurrence of SiO2 and Al2O3 in appreciable percentages may be because of the siliciclastic input during the limestone precipiatetion. The low concentration of Uranium (0.4-3.7) and authigenic Uranium (Average Total U-Th/3 value = 0.74) indicate that the studied limestones were precipitated in oxic condition from seawater. The depletion of LREE suggests that the limestones were precipitated from the seawater. The positive correlation of ΣREE with Al2O3 Fe2O3, Ni, Th, Sc, and Y and negative correlation with CaO suggest an input of siliciclastic sediments from the land during limestone precipitation. The negative Ce anomaly, slightly positive La anomaly, slight Gd enrichment, positive Y anomaly, and positive Eu anomaly also suggest that the limestone was precipitated from the seawater with some siliciclastic input from continent. The low values of the Y/Ho ratio (23.12 to 28.57) in the studied limestones suggest some modification of the seawater by the input of freshwater in a coastal environment. The REEs of the studied limestones are correlable with the shallow sea water REEs with exception of a few elements. We envisage a coastal/shallow marine depositional environment where mixing of the continental material in sea water appears feasible. 相似文献
18.
Composition-volume changes during hydrothermal alteration of andesite at Buttercup Hill, Noranda District, Quebec 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hydrothermally altered andesites in the upper member of the Amulet formation at Buttercup Hill, Noranda, Quebec represent part of the aquifer and cap of a self-sealing geothermal system that focussed the discharge of hydrothermal fluids during the formation of massive Cu-Zn sulfide deposits. Five alteration facies are recognized
1. 1) pervasive greenschist faciés regional metamorphism (least-altered andesite)
2. 2) epidotization-silicification
3. 3) albitization-silicification
4. 4) chloritization
5. 5) sericitization-silicification. Alteration is localized on permeable zones such as amygdules, fractures, flow tops, discordant breccia dikes, and conformable breccia horizons.
Epidotized-silicified andesite is enriched in Ca-Sr-Eu and depleted in Mg and first transition series metals (FTSM) relative to least-altered andesite. Albitized-silicified andesite is significantly enriched in Na and depleted in most FTSM relative to least-altered andesite. The abundances and inter-element ratios of the rare-earth elements (REE) and most high field-strength elements (HFS: Y, Zr, Th, U, Hf, Ta) are similar in least-altered, epidotized-silicified and albitized-silicified andesites. The most silicified andesites are strongly enriched in Na-Si, strongly depleted in Mg and divalent FTSM and slightly but systematically depleted in REE and most HFS elements. Serialized andesites were previously silicified; they are very strongly enriched in K-Rb-Cs-Ba, very strongly depleted in Na-Ca-Sr-Eu and slightly depleted in light REE relative to silicified andesite. Chloritized andesitic rocks exhibit heavy REE and HFS element ratios similar to those of leastaltered andesite, but are relatively strongly enriched in Mg and divalent FTSM, strongly depleted in Si and large ion lithophile (LIL) elements and slightly depleted in light REE.
The coupled behavior of the heavy REE and most HFS elements during epidotization, albitization, silicification, chloritization and serialization suggests that they were inert during hydrothermal modification of the andesite. Mass balance calculations suggest that volume was conserved during epidotization-silicification and albitization-silicification, but that intense silicification was accompanied by volume increases up to 30 percent. 相似文献
19.
20.
淮北花沟西井田煤中微量元素及其环境意义分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对30件煤样微量元素含量的测定,分煤层、分类型(稀土元素、环境意义微量元素)讨论了煤中微量元素的分布特征。研究发现各样品的稀土元素主要赋存于矿物质中,稀土元素含量均呈正常质量分数水平分布,各煤层的稀土元素分布表现为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损。受陆源影响的煤,ΣREE含量高,稀土元素主要由陆源物质继承而来。受海水影响的煤,ΣREE含量低,分布模式具有海水性质。形成后受河流冲刷的煤,灰分增加,煤中稀土元素含量增加。该研究成果为煤炭资源的合理开发和利用提供基础资料。 相似文献