共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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通过2004年4月,2004年9月,2005年9月,2006年4月4个航次,结合2003年8月对河道感潮带的连续同步观测,对低流量下黄河口有机碳的输运特征进行了考察。结果发现:黄河输入至河口的悬浮物中颗粒有机碳(POC)含量约为0.51%,主要以陆源输入为主,几乎不受季节变化影响,由于大量POC含量低的陆源泥沙的稀释作用,浮游植物对总颗粒有机碳的贡献只有在悬浮物含量(TSS)<200mg/L时才能显现出来;黄河口TSS超过455mg/L时,有机碳入海以颗粒有机碳为主;反之,以溶解有机碳为主。黄河口悬浮物在低盐度区沉降作用前后的中值粒径降低,Φ>16μm的悬浮物的沉降作用比Φ<16μm的悬浮物更为剧烈,POC含量随悬浮物粒径的降低而升高,黄河携带的颗粒有机碳80%以上集中在Φ<16μm的TSS中;低流量下,黄河口最大混浊带对POC的过滤效率为65%,混浊带对POC的过滤效应能造成黄河口POC的有效通量被高估;由于受黄河口沉积物向水体解析DOC的影响,在盐度小于10时,DOC几乎不受海水稀释作用的影响,但在盐度大于10的区域DOC与盐度表现出良好的负相关关系,黄河口枯、丰水期淡水端溶解有机碳的有效浓度分别高于实测最高值20%和10%左右,从而造成黄河口DOC有效通量被低估。 相似文献
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根据2012年9月在黄河口及莱州湾取得的悬浮体和水文调查资料,探讨了非调水调沙期间黄河15及莱州湾颗粒有机碳（POC）的地球化学特征及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）2012年秋季黄河口及莱州湾POC浓度介于42．25-1018．87gg／L之间,平均为316．35μg／L,底层POC浓度高于表层,这与沉积物再悬浮有直接关系;（2）黄河口POC呈现近岸区高,远岸区低的趋势,高值区出现在新、老两个河口区域,指示了陆源输入对河口区POC的直接控制作用;（3）在盐度为26～28（psu）之间黄河口POC有高值,表明絮凝沉降作用对POC空间分布的影响;底层POC与浊度显著相关,表明海底沉积物再悬浮对研究区POC空间分布的直接影响;悬浮物含量超过20mg／L时,生命态颗粒有机碳对总颗粒有机碳的贡献明显下降;（4）POC／PN值显示黄河15及莱州湾POC来源的复杂性,生物作用、沉积物再悬浮和黄河水沙输入对研究区的POC生物地球化学过程都有一定的影响。 相似文献
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针对整个渤海海域悬浮泥沙分布全貌研究的不足,基于2000-2004年连续5年的354个SeaWiFS反演的渤海表层悬沙浓度资料,经多年月平均得到其季节变化特征;通过经验正交函数分解,给出其空间模态及时间系数,揭示渤海表层悬浮泥沙的空间分布特征及其随时间的变化。渤海表层悬沙浓度除秦皇岛海域外近岸高,离岸低,辽东湾东岸浓度远大于西岸;冬季浓度最高,春秋次之,除河口海域外夏季浓度最低;河口海域冬夏季均为浓度高值区。经验正交分解显示第一空间模态反映渤海悬沙浓度的总体分布特征,其显著变化周期为12个月,显示渤海表层悬沙的季节变化特征。第二空间模态反映黄河入海径流对渤海表层悬沙浓度分布格局的影响, 其周期为6个月,代表黄河口海域悬沙浓度的变化周期。第三模态显示渤海不同海域悬沙浓度的增加或减小过程并不同步,存在明显的位相差异。 相似文献
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黑潮与毗邻陆架海域的碳交换 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
作为沟通陆架边缘海与开放大洋的北太平洋西边界流,黑潮对毗邻中国陆架海域碳循环有着不可忽视的影响。分析总结了黑潮与毗邻陆架海域海水中溶解有机碳(DOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、溶解无机碳(DIC)和颗粒无机碳(PIC)分布与交换的现有研究成果。分析表明,黑潮通过表层水涡旋、入侵以及次表层以下水体上涌等形式携碳进入毗邻陆架海域。在黑潮与毗邻陆架海域,DOC和POC的分布受生物活动、水团混合以及沉积物—水界面相互作用的共同影响,表层与陆架水中含量较高,DIC受海水碳酸盐体系平衡影响,表层含量低于底层,在陆架海域与上升流区有高值,PIC含量较低。在台湾东北海域,DOC,POC和DIC由东海陆架海域向黑潮有净输出,输出量分别为2 431×109,1 051×109和21 733×109mol C/a,PIC通过陆架源悬浮颗粒物向黑潮主流输送,通量为1 852×109mol C/a。DOC,POC和PIC由南海经吕宋海峡向黑潮有净输出,输出量分别为2 652×109,1 009×109和230×109mol C/a,但DIC由黑潮向南海有净输出,通量为13 005×109mol C/a。台湾海峡碳循环受黑潮输运的影响,但影响机制及过程至今并不清楚。因此,黑潮与毗邻陆架海域的碳交换过程研究还有若干重大科学问题亟待解决,尚需深入系统的研究。 相似文献
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1996年黄河尾闾改道以来水下三角洲的演变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据1996-2004年黄河三角洲滨海断面的实测水深资料,总结清水沟流路自清8汊改道以来,现行黄河口水下三角洲平面和剖面演变特点。结果表明：水下三角洲的地形演变与河口区的水流动力相适应．三角洲的演变是一个动态反馈过程。在新的入海水沙通量变化形势下,应当运用系统的观点,从“动力-泥沙-地形”系统的角度研究三角洲演变的机理模型,为黄河大型水库联合调水调沙和河口治理提供技术支持。 相似文献
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长江口盐沼滩面发育对有机碳深度分布的制约 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对长江口崇明东滩高潮滩、中潮滩以及光滩柱状样的有机碳含量与碳稳定同位素组成（δ13C）、粒度组成等的测定，研究盐沼有机碳深度分布特征与形成机制。结果表明，盐沼土壤颗粒有机碳（POC）主要赋存于粒径小于0.016 mm的颗粒中，POC含量对粒径在0.002~0.004 mm区间的颗粒含量变化最敏感，说明盐沼POC主要来自长江径流悬移质，这与有机碳稳定同位素结果一致。土壤POC含量与不同粒径区间颗粒含量相关关系表明，高潮滩与中潮滩柱样的泥沙级配较为接近；光滩柱样POC含量与不同粒径区间颗粒含量相关关系特征与高、中潮滩柱样的基本类似，主要不同表现在粒径大于0.016 mm的粗颗粒，这很可能受控于盐沼不同高程部位动力沉积过程。盐沼植被对高、中潮滩柱样POC的贡献相当可观，个别层段高达55.6%；植被对土壤POC的贡献受到滩面过程的明显制约。滩面动力沉积过程形成盐沼垂向上独特的沙、泥纹层构造，其优良的封堵效能显著影响土壤有机碳的垂向分布。盐沼滩面动力沉积过程是塑造有机碳深度分布特征的关键因素。 相似文献
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2002年7月4日9时至7月15日9时黄河进行了首次调水调沙试验。2003年9月6日9时至9月18日18时30分结合防洪预泄又进行了第二次调水调沙试验。根据这两次黄河调水调沙试验成果,特别是首次调水调沙试验成果,对下游河道冲淤效果、河口拦门沙区泥沙冲淤量及其分布、河势调整、整治工程作用及河道过流能力变化进行了分析。分析结果表明,调水调沙不仅能够减少河道淤积,而且能够有效增大主槽的过流能力,改善下游河道排沙条件。所以,调水调沙是解决黄河泥沙问题的有效措施之一。 相似文献
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西江流域的有机碳侵蚀通量 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
在西江下游的马口水文站对径流进行了4个季节的有机碳采样分析。研究表明,西江径流有机碳的断面构成在各个季节均较为一致;季节性变化表现为,有机碳和悬浮物含量随流量的增加而增加。随着水体悬浮物含量的增加,悬浮物的有机碳含量呈对数趋势降低。西江流域的有机碳侵蚀通量为10.18×106gC/km2·yr.,是全球外流域有机碳侵蚀通量的2～3倍,其中以颗粒有机碳的侵蚀通量为主,达到8.30×106gC/km2·yr.,溶解有机碳的侵蚀通量为1.88×106gC/km2·yr.。反映了流域内较强的机械剥蚀过程,这与西江流域典型的季风气候、较大的地形高差,以及农业耕作历史长久、土地利用强度较大等因素有关。 相似文献
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为优化黄河中下游水库群运行方式,充分发挥水库群-河道联合调控水沙的优势和潜力,以黄河中下游水库群和河道为研究对象,研究水库群-河道水沙联合动态调控方法,构建水库群-河道水沙联合动态调控互馈指标、互馈模式、调控原则和调控方式,研发水库群-河道水沙联合动态调控模拟模型,分析黄河中下游现状工程调控效果。结果表明,未来黄河来沙量8亿~3亿t情景下,水库群-河道水沙联合动态调控方法综合兼顾水库和河道减淤,可延长水库拦沙年限4~9 a,在较长时期内改善进入下游的水沙关系协调度,下游河道总淤积量较少,河槽最小平滩流量增大200~250 m3/s。 相似文献
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P. V. Bhaskar Evonne Cardozo Asha Giriyan Anita Garg Narayan B. Bhosle 《Estuaries and Coasts》2000,23(5):722-734
Data on hydrography, nutrients, suspended particles, and sedimented particles were collected at weekly intervals from November to May during 1995 to 1997 at a station in the coastal waters of Dona Paula Bay, India. Suspended and sedimented particles were analyzed for total suspended matter (SPM), total sedimented particulate matter (TPM), particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate organic nitrogen (PON), chlorophylla (chla), and diatom abundance. Variations in hydrography and nutrients influenced the quantity and composition of sedimented particles. The TPM, POC, PON, and chla fluxes showed small-scale seasonal variations and were higher in the summer (February to May) than in the winter (November to January). Resuspension of carbon accounted for approximately 25% of the gross POC and was highest in April 1997 (45%). The mean net POC flux was 197±90 mg C m−2 d−1 and accounts for 4.6% of the TPM. The average C∶N (w∶w) ratio of the sedimented material was 13.2±6.6. The POC:chla ratio was relatively higher in the sedimented material as compared to the suspended material. The particulate carbon reaching the bottom sediment was 39% of the primary production. The low organic carbon concentration (approximately 0.1% of dry sediment) in the sediments implies that about 98% of the sedimented carbon was either consumed at the sedimentwater interface or resuspended/advected before it was finally buried into the sediments. 相似文献
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根据2006年11月1~10日,秋季黄河平水期二氧化碳分压(pCO2)的现场实测数据及相关同步观测资料,对黄河表层水pCO2的分布及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:水体pCO2在80~166Pa,平均值110Pa,在世界主要河流中属中等偏下水平;空间分布存在较大的不均匀性,中游高于上游和下游。浮游植物的光合作用对pCO2有一定的影响但强度较弱,即使在叶绿素最高值3.58μg/L的包头站pCO2仍达到91Pa。黄河水体有机物含量较低且继承了陆源有机物难降解的特性,干流和库区EpCO2/AOU的比值为0.14和0.20,远低于生物好氧呼吸作用控制水体pCO2的理论下限0.62,因此,生物好氧呼吸作用对水体pCO2的贡献不大。悬浮物(TSS)含量为3.77~1308mg/L,溶解无机碳(DIC)含量为3.03~4.14mmol/L,普遍高于世界其它河流且最大值均出现在潼关站;同时水体pCO2与TSS、PIC、DIC含量具有极好的正相关性。因此黄河流域强烈的机械侵蚀和化学风化作用形成的碳酸盐体系是控制水体pCO2的主要因素。利用Wanninkhof提出的淡水水-气交换系数的通量模式估算,黄河水域水-气界面CO2交换速率约为0.229μmol/m2·s,秋季可向大气释放CO214.5亿moL,相当于8250km2草原或是112km2森林一年的固碳量。黄河CO2释放通量与渥太华河相近,但要远小于亚马逊河。 相似文献
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Jesse Carrie Hamed Sanei Fariborz Goodarzi Gary Stern Feiyue Wang 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2009,77(3-4):416-423
The particulate organic matter in < 63 µm surface sediments from the Mackenzie River and its main tributaries was studied using Rock-Eval pyrolysis and organic petrology. The organic matter in the sediments is dominated by refractory residual organic carbon (RC) of mainly terrigenous nature, as indicated by abundant inertinite, vitrinite, and type III kerogen. Sediments from the tributaries contained significantly more algal-derived organic matter than from the main channel of the river, highlighting the importance of low-energy system dynamics in the tributaries, which allows modest algal production, more accumulation, and better preservation of autochthonous organic matter. This is particularly true for tributaries fed by lacustrine systems, which showed the highest S1 and S2 fractions, and consequently higher total particulate organic carbon (POC) in the basin. Organic petrology of the sediment samples confirms abundant liptinitic materials (i.e., fat-rich structured algae, spores and pollen, cuticles, and resins). Forest fire and coal deposits are also confirmed to contribute to the basin. Assuming that suspended and fine surfacial sediments have a similar OC composition, the Mackenzie River is estimated to deliver a total POC flux of 1.1 Mt C/yr to its delta, of which 85% is residual carbon with liptinitic OC (S1 + S2) and S3 accounting for another 9% and 6%, respectively. 相似文献
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Transport and fate of organic carbon by the fluvial system play a significant role in the global biogeochemical cycle of carbon. Previous studies show that the transportation of modern organic carbon from the Himalayan River system accounts for 10–20% of the total global flux to the oceans. Till date, no study has been published which dealt with the transport of organic carbon in the headwaters of the Ganga River. The Alaknanda River is a headwater stream of the Ganga, which flows in the Western Himalayas of India. Water and freshly deposited channel sediment samples were collected during the months of March 2014 and August 2014 and analysed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and channel organic carbon (COC). The observed variability of organic carbon concentration was correlated with factors such as discharge, physiography and suspended sediment concentration (SSC). The results show that seasonal erosivity in the basin influences its DOC concentration and physiography, thus acting as a key parameter which controls transportation, oxidation and residence time of the organic matter. The allochthonous input of sediments from the erosional activities is the major source of organic carbon. At Devprayag, Alaknanda contributes 66% of the total DOC flux carried by the Ganga River. The comparison with the previously published values indicate that due to differences in physiography and chemical weathering rate, the Ganga River transports organic carbon mainly as a dissolved load in its upstream and predominantly as POC down the Himalayan foothills. 相似文献
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Thi Phuong Quynh Le Nhu Da Le Viet Nga Dao Emma Rochelle-Newall Thi Mai Huong Nguyen Cyril Marchand Thi Thuy Duong Thi Xuan Binh Phung 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(18):658
Global riverine carbon concentrations and fluxes have been impacted by climate and human-induced changes for many decades. This paper aims to reconstruct the longterm carbon concentrations and carbon fluxes of the Red River, a system under the coupled pressures of environmental change and human activity. Based on (1) the relationships between particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC, DOC) or dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and suspended sediments (TSS) or river water discharge and on (2) the available detailed historical records of river discharge and TSS concentration, the variations of the Red River carbon concentration and flux were estimated for the period 1960–2015. The results show that total carbon flux of the Red River averaged 2555?±?639 kton C year?1. DIC fluxes dominated total carbon fluxes, representing 64% of total, reflecting a strong weathering process from carbonate rocks in the upstream basin. Total carbon fluxes significantly decreased from 2816 kton C year?1 during the 1960s to 1372 kton C year?1 during the 2010s and showed clear seasonal and spatial variations. Organic carbon flux decreased in both quantity and proportion of the total carbon flux from 40.9% in 1960s to 14.9% in 2010s, reflecting the important impact of dam impoundment. DIC flux was also reduced over this period potentially as a consequence of carbonate precipitation in the irrigated, agricultural land and the reduction of the Red River water discharge toward the sea. These decreases in TSS and carbon fluxes are probably partially responsible for different negatives impacts observed in the coastal zone. 相似文献