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1.
为了揭示闽江河口两岸的地下水形成演化规律以及河口区河水、地下水和海水的相互作用, 分别于2009年枯水期(10至11月)和2010年丰水期(7至8月), 在闽江河口区采集了河水、地下水和海水样品, 测定了水样的氢氧稳定同位素组成和盐度。研究结果表明: (1)闽江河口两岸的浅层地下水主要接受降水补给, 北岸地下水还接受山区基岩裂隙水补给, 南岸浅层地下水在枯水期还接受经过蒸发作用的灌溉水补给; (2)闽江河口区, 枯、丰水期河水与地下水的补排关系始终表现为地下水补给河水, 枯水期南岸地下水在河口混合中的贡献明显增大; (3)海岸带含水层基本上不存在海水入侵, 仅局部含水层有微弱的海水入侵迹象; (4)丰水期和枯水期的淡咸水混合带在河口中的位置和混合类型存在明显差异。  相似文献   

2.
为了探究平朔矿区所在流域不同水体同位素的时空变化规律, 揭示采煤活动下区域水循环规律, 于2020年8月和12月对流域内地表水、地下水和矿井水进行采样, 测试样品的D和18O同位素组成, 并利用贝叶斯混合模型MixSIAR计算了矿井水不同来源的贡献率。结果表明: ①地表水和矿井水δD和δ18O夏季较冬季高; 地下水δD和δ18O季节差异不明显。地表水氢氧同位素值沿程呈增加趋势, 但局部受到矿井水的补给, 出现贫化; 地下水氢氧同位素值沿径流方向呈逐渐增加趋势。②采煤区氢氧同位素值较非采煤区明显增加。受季节效应影响, 在空间分布上8月浅层地下水氢氧同位素高值区域较12月明显增多。③ δ18O与δD关系图表明, 地表水在接受大气降水的补给之后受到了蒸发分馏作用的影响; 浅层地下水的补给源较复杂, 深层地下水由于采煤形成的导水裂隙带受到了浅层地下水和地表水的补给; 矿井水受地表水、浅层地下水和深层地下水的补给。④ MixSIAR模型揭示出深层地下水是矿井水的主要补给来源, 占61.60%~67.20%, 且补给比例冬季大于夏季; 浅层地下水对矿井水的补给存在明显季节差异。  相似文献   

3.
秦岭特长隧道地区同位素水文地质研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
氢氧同位素的研究表明,秦岭特长隧道地区地下水可分为浅层风化裂隙水和下部构造裂隙水两类,两者均接受大气降水补给,但前者还接受部分地表水补给,下部水平均补给高度在2100m(岭南)和2200m(岭北)左右,浅层水的循环深度在50m以内,水交替作用强烈;而下部水通常可达800m范围,局部更深,水交替缓慢,同位素质量平衡计算表明,Ⅱ线平行导坑绝大部分集中涌水点的水量主要来自其自身所在下部含水系统的储存量,另一部分来自浅部含水系统地下水的补给量,两者的贡献目前大约分别为66%和34%,综合同位素研究结果,概化出隧址区水文地质概念模型。  相似文献   

4.
在地震地下流体研究中,地下水补给及循环过程是重要的研究内容之一,氢氧同位素示踪技术是目前研究该过程的常用手段。通过对九江地震台2井地下水、大气降水及周边天花井水库水、马尾水高山泉水的样品进行氢氧同位素测定分析,结果表明,与降水相比地下水氢氧同位素变化更为稳定。夏半年,大气降水氢氧同位素与降水量呈显著的负相关关系,具有明显的降水量效应;冬半年,与温度成显著的正相关关系,具有明显的温度效应,地下水氢氧同位素并未表现出明显的降水效应和温度效应。氢氧同位素及过量氘揭示地下水在下渗补给前经历了明显的蒸发分馏作用,并与围岩进行~(18)O交换,δ~(18)O与δD计算的补给高程分别约为647m、440m。九江台地下水总体属于大气成因型,循环过程为较稳定的裂隙水补给形成承压自流井。  相似文献   

5.
深圳沿海带浅层地下水的稳定同位素与地球化学   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
在深圳沿海带取64件浅层地下水样品,作常规离子水化学和氢氧稳定同位素测试,来识别深圳沿海带海水入侵程度。采用主要离子比值-Cl、Br/Cl比值和piper三线图等水文地球化学方法以及氢氧稳定同位素δD-δ18O、δ18O-Cl结合分析水样数据。分析发现Cl-<300mg/L的样品均来源于降水入渗补给,没有海水混入;300mg/L<885mg />885mg/L的12件样品均有海水混合,系降水(淡水)和海水的混合水。  相似文献   

6.
通过分析运城盆地地下水的碳同位素组成,结合水化学特征,揭示了盆地深层承压地下水的补给期为22~3 ka BP (现代碳百分比(a14C) 6~38 pmC)。浅层地下水(71~89 pmC)由现代水或现代水和老水混合组成。深层地下水氢氧同位素组成特征(δ18O~-10‰; δ2H~-70‰)表明地下老水在气候较冷的环境下受到补给,而浅层地下水的氢氧同位素组成(δ18O~-8‰; δ2H~-51‰)特征与现代西安降水组成相似。浅层地下水NO-3平均含量(31mg/L)比深层地下水(1.8 mg/L)高,硝酸盐的δ15N-δ18ONO3 组成 (0‰~5‰)揭示了硝酸盐的主要来源为综合肥料。此外,浅层地下水的TDS由于蒸散发、矿物溶解,可达8.5 g/L(平均2.0 g/L),深层地下老水TDS可达1.8 g/L(平均1.1g/L)水质相对较好。研究区目前主要开采深层地下水,受断裂带影响,浅层地下水已经侵入中深层地下水并与之发生混合,严重影响了中深层地下水的水质。如果发生大规模的浅层地下水与中深层地下水混合,会造成中深层地下老水的NO-3、TDS等含量越来越高。  相似文献   

7.
第二松花江流域地表水与地下水相互关系   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
通过野外采样和室内分析,采用稳定氢氧同位素和水化学相结合的方法,研究了第二松花江地表水和地下水的相互关系。地表水和地下水中稳定氢氧同位素(δD,δ18O)空间差异明显,上游水体中同位素最贫化,下游最富集。水化学类型从长白山源区的Na-HCO3型,演化成Ca-Mg-HCO3型;而在人类活动的影响下,向Ca(Mg)-Cl(SO4)演化。运用端元法定量计算了地表水与地下水的相互转换比例,上游山区深层地下水接受江水和浅层地下水的补给,浅层地下水补给比例占50%左右;下游平原区浅层地下水补给江水,补给比例占20%左右。研究结果可为综合利用地表水和地下水、促进水资源的可持续利用提供理论基础。  相似文献   

8.
刘君  王莹  卫文  张琳  刘福亮 《水文》2017,37(1):51-55
为研究近几十年来佘太盆地地下水补给变化情况,通过现场调查分析,对佘太盆地浅层地下水开展同位素样品采集工作,并测定了其氢、氧稳定同位素的值。在分析同位素分布特征及变化规律的基础上,结合当地地质及水文地质条件识别了地下水补给来源和补给区并构建了浅层地下水的补给模式图,探讨了区域上浅层地下水的补给流动状况。通过分析研究区大气降水和地下水中的氢氧稳定同位素的变化特征发现:当地大气降水并不是地下水的主要补给来源,其补给源区为周边山区,补给来源主要是周边山区的大气降水,且地下水所经历的蒸发作用较明显;盆地的东、西部地下水的补给源区不尽相同,西部的补给区高程要高于东部的补给区高程,但两部分地下水所经历的蒸发强度基本相同。  相似文献   

9.
利用氢氧稳定同位素(δD、δ18O)和放射性同位素氚(T)分析了金川矿区不同水体间的水力联系,初步判断了井巷排水的主要补给源,研究结果表明:金川矿区井巷排水是深部基岩裂隙水和经过蒸发效应的大气降水混合的产物,不同地段排水中生产水与深部基岩裂隙水比例不同,深部基岩裂隙水比例16%~83%,生产水比例84%~17%;井巷排水主要为上世纪60年代或70年代补给的充填析出水。  相似文献   

10.
昆明市黑龙潭岩溶泉氢氧稳定同位素分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
黄华诚  刘宏 《中国岩溶》2015,34(5):445-451
黑龙潭位于昆明市北缘的五老山山麓,沿黑龙潭东支断裂带出露地表,该区分布三个岩溶泉,分别是:清水潭、浑水潭、小水潭,文章运用氢氧稳定同位素方法对它们进行连续的观测研究。通过对大气降水和泉水氢氧稳定同位素特征进行分析,揭示研究区岩溶泉水的来源及泉域含水层特征。得出以下结论:(1)通过大气降水δ~(18)O-δD关系建立当地大气降水线,大气降水线和泉水的稳定同位素分析表明泉水来源于大气降水,而且主要来源于夏季降水。(2)高斯混合模型分析结果表明,清水潭的补给不仅来源于野猫山地区,还包括径流过程中的入渗补给,而且入渗补给量并不小。浑水潭旱雨两季补给类型有所区别。小水潭除受北部二叠系灰岩含水层补给之外,很有可能也受东北部玄武岩山地的孔洞裂隙水补给。  相似文献   

11.
The characteristics of δD and δ18O in precipitation, groundwater and surface water have been used to understand the groundwater flow system in the Ordos Plateau, north-central China. The slope of the local meteoric water line (LMWL) is smaller than that of the global meteoric water line (GMWL), which signifies secondary evaporation during rainfall. The distribution of stable isotopes of precipitation is influenced by temperature and the amount of precipitation. The lake water is enriched isotopically due to evaporation and its isotopic composition is closely related to the source of recharge and location in the groundwater flow systems. River water is enriched isotopically, indicating that it suffers evaporation. The deep groundwater (more than 150?m) is depleted in heavy isotopes relative to the shallow groundwater (less than 150?m), suggesting that deep groundwater may have been recharged during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, when the climate was wetter and colder than at present. All groundwater samples plot around the LMWL, implying groundwater is of meteoric origin. Shallow groundwater has undergone evaporation and the average evaporation loss is 53%. There are two recharge mechanisms: preferential flow, and the mixture of evaporated soil moisture and subsequent rain.  相似文献   

12.
The recharge sources and groundwater age in the Songnen Plain, Northeast China, were confirmed using environmental isotopes. The isotopic signatures of the unconfined aquifers in the southeast elevated plain and the north and west piedmont, cluster along local meteoric water lines (LMWLs) with a slope of about 5. The signature of source water was obtained by the intersection of these LMWLs with the regional meteoric water line (RMWL). This finding provides evidence that the recharge water for these areas originate from the Changbai Mountains and the Low and High Hingan Mountains, respectively. Groundwater in the unconfined aquifer in the low plain yields a LMWL with a slope of 4.4; its nitrate concentration indicates the admixture of irrigation return flow. The δ-values of the unconfined aquifer in the east elevated plain plot along the RMWL, reflecting recharge by local precipitation. The mean residence time of groundwater in these aquifers is less than 50?years. However, the 14C age of the groundwater in the confined Quaternary aquifer ranges from modern to 19,500?years, and in the Tertiary confined aquifer from 3,100 to 24,900?years. Modern groundwater is mainly recharged to the Quaternary confined aquifer on the piedmont by local precipitation and lateral subsurface flow.  相似文献   

13.
黑河流域地下水循环演化规律研究   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13       下载免费PDF全文
大量野外调查研究表明,气候变化和人类活动对黑河流域地下水循环和更新演变具有重要影响;平原区浅层地下水主要是现代水补给,35%来自祁连山区基岩裂隙水通过地表径流转化补给,其他是降水和冰雪融水在山前戈壁带入渗补给,具有较强的更新能力;深层承压水主要形成于地质历史时期区域性补给,与现代水循环有联系;中游区人类活动是造成下游区地下水补给能力减弱、地下水水位持续下降和生态环境退化的重要因素。因此强化中游区人类活动的科学调控,是实现黑河流域地下水可持续利用和下游区生态环境有效保护的关键。  相似文献   

14.
This study was based on the analysis of isotopic compositions of hydrogen and oxygen in samples from precipitation, groundwater and stream water. In addition, parts of groundwater samples were dated by carbon-14 and tritium. These data are integrated to provide other views of the hydrologic cycle in the Hsinchu-Miaoli groundwater district. The groundwater district is principally composed of Pleistocene and Holocene aquifers. The Pleistocene aquifers are highly deformed by folding and faults into small sub-districts with areas of only tens of square kilometers. These aquifers are exclusively recharged by local precipitation. The Holocene aquifers cover narrow creek valleys, only tens of meters in thickness. The local meteoric water line (LMWL), constructed from rainfall samples in the Hsinchu Science Park, is described by the equation δD=8.02δ18O+10.16, which agrees with the global meteoric water line. In addition, the precipitation isotopic compositions can be categorized into two distinct end members: typhoon type and monsoon type. The groundwater isotopic compositions are perfectly located on an LMWL and can be considered a mixture of precipitations. Based on the mass balance of isotopic compositions of oxygen and hydrogen, infiltration is more active in the rainy season with depleted isotopic compositions. The amount of infiltration during May–September is roughly estimated to comprise at least 55% of the whole year’s recharge. The isotopic compositions of stream water are expressed by a regression equation: δD=7.61δ18O+9.62, which is similar to the LMWL. Although precipitation isotopic compositions are depleted during summer time, the isotopic compositions contrarily show an enriched trend in the upstream area. This is explained by the opposite altitude effect on isotopic compositions for typhoon-related precipitations.  相似文献   

15.
The environmental isotopes such as deuterium and oxygen-18 and the deuterium excess values have been used to assess groundwater recharge sources and their dynamics in Khan Younis City in the Gaza Strip in Palestine. Three isotopic lines for the relationship between δ2H and δ18O were used in the assessment. These lines are the global meteoric water line, the local meteoric water line and the groundwater evaporation line. The δ2H, δ18O and D-excess values indicate that deuterium and oxygen-18 isotopes originated in the groundwater from groundwater mixing with rainfall and other water sources; the groundwater in the area recharged from rainfall from a distant source that came from the Mediterranean Sea and from other sources such as wastewater, irrigation return flow and saline water.  相似文献   

16.
为探明淮河下游地区地表水与地下水稳定同位素的组成特征,于2020年11月对该区域进行代表性采样,共采集地表水样13个,地下水样82个。结合全球大气降水同位素监测网(GNIP)公布的南京降水同位素数据,根据最小二乘法得出当地大气降水线(LMWL)方程为:δD=8.49δ18O+17.71,其斜率和截距高于全球大气降水线(GMWL:δD=8δ18O+10)的方程。同理可得地表水线(SWL)方程:δD=5.07δ18O-15.37和地下水线(GWL)方程:δD=5.68δ18O-6.28,对比发现地表水线的截距和斜率小于地下水,表明地表水的蒸发较地下水更为强烈。地下水接受大气降水和河水补给。地表水和地下水的氘盈余(d-excess)分析表明该区域水体的降水补给受海洋性气团控制。  相似文献   

17.
Spatial variations of δD and δ18O among seven tributaries and their water sources were investigated in the Heishui Valley of the Yangtze River, China during the dry-season in 2004. A one-way ANOVA (analysis of variation) test showed that both δD (p?18O (p?=?0.045) spatially varied among the seven tributaries. The plot of δ18O versus δD for the river water collected at different locations showed that isotopic fractionation occurred during the snow and glacial melting process. The depleted δ18O and δD in the tributary waters distributed above the local meteoric water line (LMWL) suggested that the glacial and early snowpack meltwater largely recharged these streams during the early spring. The meltwater was isotopically distinguishable from the precipitation and river water, which had been evaporated during warmer and drier times. If glaciers and snow accumulation diminish with future climate warming, the recharge of these tributaries’ baseflow will decline and the security of the water resource in this watershed will be threatened.  相似文献   

18.
An investigation was conducted in Beijing to identify the groundwater evolution and recharge in the quaternary aquifers. Water samples were collected from precipitation, rivers, wells, and springs for hydrochemical and isotopic measurements. The recharge and the origin of groundwater and its residence time were further studied. The groundwater in the upper aquifer is characterized by Ca-Mg-HCO3 type in the upstream area and Na-HCO3 type in the downstream area of the groundwater flow field. The groundwater in the lower aquifer is mainly characterized by Ca-Mg-HCO3 type in the upstream area and Ca-Na-Mg-HCO3 and Na-Ca-Mg-HCO3 type in the downstream area. The δD and δ18O in precipitation are linearly correlated, which is similar to WMWL. The δD and δ18O values of river, well and spring water are within the same ranges as those found in the alluvial fan zone, and lay slightly above or below LMWL. The δD and δ18O values have a decreasing trend generally following the precipitation → surface water → shallow groundwater → spring water → deep groundwater direction. There is evidence of enrichment of heavy isotopes in groundwater due to evaporation. Tritium values of unconfined groundwater give evidence for ongoing recharge in modern times with mean residence times <50 a. It shows a clear renewal evolution along the groundwater flow paths and represents modern recharge locally from precipitation and surface water to the shallow aquifers (<150 m). In contrast, according to 14C ages in the confined aquifers and residence time of groundwater flow lines, the deep groundwater is approximately or older than 10 ka, and was recharged during a period when the climate was wetter and colder mainly from the piedmont surrounding the plain. The groundwater exploitation is considered to be “mined unsustainably” because more water is withdrawn than it is replenished.  相似文献   

19.
地下水年龄结构是了解一个地区地下水资源开采可持续性的重要基础。穆兴平原地下水开采量增加以及地下水环境恶化,对该地区可持续发展有一定制约,为此在2016年采集CFCs样品31组和3H样品60组,估算了研究区地下水年龄。结果表明,穆兴平原北部地下水年龄为21年到大于65年,由西北部和穆棱河向平原中部及乌苏里江逐渐变老,更新性变差,主要受到大气降水和地表河水补给,但是由于地表覆盖一层黏性土,地下水中缺失小于10年的水;不同井深样品中二者及NO_3~-浓度的变化,表明在60 m以上地下水的防污性能较差,而在100 m以下则较好,饮用水源井深需超过100 m。  相似文献   

20.
扬-泰-靖地区地下水系统水力联系与硫酸盐污染特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对长江三角洲扬-泰-靖地区第四系松散层地下水中环境同位素(D、18O、34S)的分布特征进行了分析,旨在揭示大气降水、长江水、潜水及承压水之间的水力联系,辨别地下水中硫酸盐的来源及其污染状况。研究结果表明潜水含水层接受大气降水及长江水的补给,硫酸盐主要为农业污染来源或与海源硫酸盐的混合。承压含水层主要接受大气降水的补给,与潜水含水层及长江之间的水力联系较差,硫酸盐来源不同。在研究区顶部和沿江地段的浅层孔隙承压水中,硫酸盐来源于硫化物的氧化;在东部的深层孔隙承压水中,硫酸盐主要来源于硫酸盐岩的溶解或海源硫酸盐的滞留,基本未受到潜水或地表水中硫酸盐的污染。  相似文献   

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