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1.
错误的“冰臼”成因说   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
苏珍  蒲健辰  赵井东 《地质论评》2017,63(1):143-152
在过去的20多年中,有学者将暴露于地表,地貌学称之为壶穴的所有臼状地形统称为"冰臼",且作为古冰川作用的证据。事实上,他们宣传的"冰臼"是流水或差异风化形成的壶穴,而非古冰川所成。在众多论著中,以韩同林先生《发现冰臼》造成的混乱为最。从冰川学的角度来看,冰川运动、消融等理论并不支持"冰臼"是由冰川作用所成的观点,其主要错误之处有三:①在冰川学中,"Moulin"一词指的是冰川表面热融形成的负地形,所涉及是冰川冰,而非冰川的下覆岩床;②此书借用早已放弃的冰水穿洞假说来论述"冰臼群"的形成过程,在常态运动的冰川上是行不通的;③书中冰融水形成的圆柱状滚流假说更与事实不符。这几点足以说明"冰臼成因说"是不能成立的,仅是一种错误的推测而已。  相似文献   

2.
通过内蒙古林东地区第四纪冰川地质和冰臼群成因专项调查工作,发现了晚更新世冰碛泥砾层和龟背石、熨斗石、龟裂石等典型的冰碛砾石及冰斗、刃脊、角峰、冰川槽谷中的表皮构造等山谷冰川遗迹。在花岗岩体中发育的岩臼群,可划分为冰期冰雪融水形成的冰臼、现代季节性降水形成的瓯穴和风蚀作用为主形成的风龛3种类型。本区冰臼同山谷冰川相伴随,未发现远源巨型漂砾等大陆冰盖证据。  相似文献   

3.
论内蒙古第四纪冰川和冰臼群的成因   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
赵国龙  朱洪森等 《中国区域地质》2001,20(2):200-205,T002
通过内蒙古林东地区第四纪冰川地质和冰臼群成因专项调查工作,发现了晚更新世冰碛泥砾层的龟背石、熨斗石、龟裂石等典型的冰碛砾石及冰斗、刃脊、角峰、冰川槽谷中的表皮构造等山谷冰川遗迹。在花岗岩体中发的岩臼群,可划分为冰期冰雪融水形成的冰臼、现代季节性降水形成的瓯穴和风蚀作用为主形成的风翕3种类型。本区冰臼同山谷冰川相伴随,未发现远源巨型漂砾等大陆冰盖证据。  相似文献   

4.
驳施雅风“冰臼”“负球状风化”成因论   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
韩同林 《地质论评》2010,56(4):538-542
施雅风院士最近撰文指出笔者等近年来在中国东部发现的若干"冰臼"并非冰川遗迹,而是花岗岩经"负球状风化"而成。然而,他所谓的"负球状风化说"与当地的气候环境条件和客观存在的事实完全相悖。冰臼是地表负地形之一,现今是"堆积区"而不是"侵蚀区",以现代常见的侵蚀作用产生冰臼的所谓"风说"、"壶说"、"风雨说"、"差异风化说"、"负球状风化"等,都是不可能的。这些假说是对过去业己形成冰臼群进行不同成因推断,是对冰臼群成因的最大误解。冰臼只能由大量冰川融水沿冰川裂隙自上向下,以滴水穿石的方式形成滚流水钻,强烈冲击下伏基岩产生。从河流流水动力学特点上看,急流旋涡主要产生水平力为主,而冰臼的形成主要是垂直力才有可能产生,因此河流流水也是无法产生冰臼的。  相似文献   

5.
赤峰等地第四纪大陆冰川的地貌证据   总被引:2,自引:6,他引:2  
近年来,中国赤峰等地相继发现第四纪冰川遗迹,为第四纪大陆冰川作用的重新讨论提供了新的地貌证据。这些证据主要有:冰臼、冰蚀残丘、古冰斗、刃脊和角峰等。冰臼的相继报道曾经引起“冰蚀成因”与“风蚀成因”的大讨论,而恰恰是这些引起争论的冰臼引发了笔者对中国境内第四纪大陆冰川的重新思考。经过近几年的实地考察研究,笔者认为:中国境内所报道的绝大部分“冰臼”确实是冰川作用的结果。其中,发现于中国北方花岗岩山脊上的冰臼是典型的大陆冰川作用的结果。内蒙古赤峰北部阿斯哈图石林是典型的冰蚀残丘,而花岗岩中与地面平行的“节理”——剥离面理与冰川作用是分不开的,其成因须重新讨论。冰臼与剥离面理的同时存在是冰川作用的重要标志之一。考虑到河北、山东、山西已经发现的第四纪冰川地貌特征,可以推论:华北东部地区曾经发育过第四纪大陆冰川,其范围可能达到山东的泰山以南,而全球更新世大冰盖的范围值得重新厘定。  相似文献   

6.
崂山冰臼之质疑   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
作者在2010年7月问考察了被认为是“中国东部沿海低海拔古冰川地貌保留完好”的崂山地区.考察结果显示崂山的地貌是正常的花岗岩地貌,并不是古冰川遗留的地形,崂山的冰臼不过是花岗岩地区常见的风化坑.本文将崂山风化坑与国外相关研究对比,列举了崂山冰臼不是冰臼的证据,对山顶冰臼形成理论提出了疑问,同时也回答了对风化坑形成的质疑...  相似文献   

7.
为了有效保护地质遗迹,并开展地质科普教育,避免以讹传讹,本文针对大别山南麓湖北省罗田县河铺镇与九资河镇交界处所发现的"冰臼群"进行了调查和研究。通过对"冰臼群"分布和形态特征分析,认为大别山地区河谷中的"冰臼群"系由水流侵蚀作用形成,其分布受构造(节理)控制,其改造和破坏受河流下切作用的强烈影响。因此,该"冰臼群"是流水侵蚀成因的壶穴而非冰川成因的冰臼。从目前的证据看,大别山地区并不存在第四纪冰川。  相似文献   

8.
通过对内蒙古中部新发现的冰臼特征研究,认为该冰臼群为第四纪冰川遗迹。冰臼分布在海拔高度2005~2033m地势平缓开阔山顶部,发育于中生代中三叠世浅黄色中细粒二长花岗岩体之上,岩石完整坚硬,冰臼分布较为集中,其形态可分为圆形和不规则形两大类,口宽0.1~1.2m,深0.1~0.3m,形态规则,部分冰臼发育出水口和水流侵蚀槽,其方向不受风向的制约。通过与周边发现的冰臼群对比研究,形态特征基本一致,只是本区冰臼群发育的海拔高度更高,规模较小,但部分冰臼形态更加完整,水流冲刷、流动痕迹明显,符合冰臼的一般特征。总体看,本区冰臼的形成是在厚层冰层消融阶段长期受冰川融水冲刷、研磨作用所致。结合周边冰川遗迹发育情况,认为内蒙古、河北一带第四纪发育过较大规模冰川,可能具大陆冰川的性质。  相似文献   

9.
针对施雅风院士新提出的壶穴之"负球状风化"说,笔者特撰文与施老商榷。笔者认为:壶穴的形成并不受花岗岩中节理的控制,也与风化作用无关,不能用"负球状风化"来解释。壶穴是高速旋转水流侵蚀的结果,在中国东部花岗岩山脊上发现的壶穴是第四纪冰川融水侵蚀的标志。近年来观察到的格陵兰冰上湖泊的突然排泄为壶穴的冰川融水成因说提供了重要的证据。壶穴成因争论的本质是中国东部是否曾经发育过第四纪冰川,建议第四纪学界关注中国东部第四纪冰川的其他地貌标志。韩同林研究员的"冰臼论"促进了中国东部第四纪冰川地貌的再研究,应当给予积极评价。  相似文献   

10.
河北,内蒙古中低山区发现罕见的冰臼群   总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6  
韩同林  郭克毅 《地质论评》1999,45(5):456-462
冰臼是冰川流行的有力证据之一,也是古气候,古环境变宪的历史见证,已有的资料表明,冰臼大多数发地冰谷底部及冰床之上,规模不大,数量不多。而在我 国河北,内蒙古中低山区发现的冰臼群,绝大多数分布于坚硬的花岗岩组成的山瘠和山峰上。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

13.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

14.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,(3):I0001-I0003
正1 AIM AND SCOPE GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS(GSF) is a bi-monthly international journal that publishes in English high quality original research articles and timely reviews in interdisciplinary fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences.GSF aims to bridge innovative,provocative and challenging concepts and models related to various fields of research including petrology and geochemistry in understanding lithospheric architecture  相似文献   

15.
正1 Introduction In the present paper,MgCl2·6H2O,FeCl3·6H2O,and CeCl3·6H2O were used as raw materials in the precipitationhydrothermal method to synthesize MgF eC e hydrotalcite.The effects of the Fe:Ce molar ratio on the composition,crystal structure,and thermal stability of hydrotalcite are examined.Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),X-  相似文献   

16.
正20141430 Chen Ji(Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China);Shi Ji’an Sedimentary Facies and Models for the Palaeogene-Neogene Deposits on the Northern Margin of the Qaidam Basin,Qinghai Province(Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,ISSN1009-3850,CN51-1593/P,33(3),2013,p.16-26,14 illus.,16 refs.)  相似文献   

17.
SEISMIC GEOLOGY     
正20141967An Zhanghui(Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction,CEA,Lanzhou 730000,China);Du Xuebin Study onthe Geo-Electric Field Variation of Sichuan Lushan MS7.0and Wenchuan MS8.0Earthquake(Chinese Journal of Geophysics,ISSN0001-5733,CN11-2074/P,56(11),  相似文献   

18.
GEOCHEMISTRY     
正20141357 Guo Tao(School of Mathematics and Science,Shijiazhuang University of Economics,Shijiazhuang 050031,China);Hu Jiawen Assessment on the New Pressure-Volume-Temperature(PVT) Data of Supercritical Water(Geological Journal of China Universities,ISSN1006-7493,CN32-1440/P,19(3),2013,p.447-455,9 illus.,3 tables,32 refs.)Key words:supercritical fluids  相似文献   

19.
正20141074Bao Xijie(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Daqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Daqing 163712,China)Gather Optimal Processing and Application Effect of Prestack AVA Instantaneous Inversion  相似文献   

20.
正China is lack of bromine and potassium seriously.Oilfield brines is the headline goal of bromine and potassium resources exploration.Applicants grab 24oilfield brines samples from various wells of Ordovician  相似文献   

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