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骑田岭岩体成岩与成矿关系研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
湘南骑田岭岩体主要由两阶段侵位所形成,早阶段侵位花岗岩组成骑田岭岩体的主体。年代学资料表明:骑田岭岩体早阶段花岗岩时代为155~160Ma,晚阶段花岗岩时代145Ma±,云英岩型锡矿床及新田岭钨矿的矿化时代为156~160Ma,破碎带矽卡岩型和破碎带蚀变花岗岩型锡矿床的矿化时代为137±5Ma、133±15Ma。地质特征表明新田岭钨矿和云英岩型锡矿与早阶段主体花岗岩侵位密切相关,而破碎带矽卡岩型和破碎带蚀变花岗岩型锡矿床尽管产于主体花岗岩中,但锡矿化作用却为晚阶段花岗岩浆侵位时的气水热液沿断裂破碎带蚀变所形成。据上述,骑田岭岩体早阶段主体花岗岩侵位时形成了云英岩型锡矿床和矽卡岩型钨矿床,而晚阶段花岗岩侵位时形成了破碎带矽卡岩型和破碎带蚀变花岗岩型锡矿床。 相似文献
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南岭骑田岭复式岩体仰天湖单元燕山期二长花岗岩中广泛分布有暗色闪长质微细粒包体,这些包体主要呈被打散的片云状或次圆状,大小不等,颜色较寄主岩深,粒度较细。本文在锆石内部结构的CL图像特征研究基础上,用LA-ICP-MS和MC-ICP-MS测定了锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素组成,探讨了寄主二长花岗岩、闪长质微细粒包体的锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素组成特征。获得寄主二长花岗岩、闪长质微细粒包体的结晶年龄为(166.0±2.0)Ma和(169.8±4.1)Ma,对应的εHf(t)值为-13.2～-1.9与-8.3～+6.7。研究表明,骑田岭复式岩体中的仰天湖岩体是以古老地壳物质熔融为主体的壳源岩浆与幔源岩浆高度混合的产物。 相似文献
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湖南骑田岭芙蓉矿田成岩成矿时代的厘定及其地质意义 总被引：22，自引：4，他引：22
通过对湖南骑田岭岩体芙蓉超单元南溪单元中粒斑状角闪石黑云母二长花岗岩、芙蓉矿田白腊水矿区的10号矿脉中蚀变花岗岩型锡矿石、19号矿脉中矽卡岩型矿石矿物、42号含矿花岗斑岩体和ZK801钻孔(80~90m)的细粒花岗岩的Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年代学研究,分别获得南溪单元弱蚀变花岗岩全岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄为146±10Ma(95%可信度)和岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为155±6Ma(95%可信度),蚀变矿化花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为156±5Ma(95%可信度),10号蚀变花岗岩型矿脉矿石的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为137±5Ma(95%可信度),19号矽卡岩型矿脉的矿石—矿物Sm-Nd等时线年龄为133±15Ma(95%可信度);42号含矿花岗斑岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为146±5Ma(95%可信度);ZK801钻孔中细粒花岗岩全岩的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为140±7Ma(95%可信度)。上述精确的年代学研究结果表明,芙蓉超单元花岗岩侵位时间为燕山早期,而不是印支期。由此推测骑田岭芙蓉超单元花岗岩形成于早—中侏罗世,它的构造环境可能为地壳处于强烈剪切挤压晚期,而区内花岗斑岩和细粒花岗岩岩浆活动可能发生在140~145Ma之间,其构造环境可能为地壳由挤压剪切向拉张伸展转化的时期形成的;白腊水矿区不同类型矿床年代学研究结果(133~141Ma)清楚地表明,其成矿作用的时间与区内花岗斑岩和细粒花岗岩的岩浆活动时间有明显的耦合关系。据此推断,骑田岭芙蓉锡矿是在晚侏罗世,地壳由挤压剪切向拉张伸展转化的时期形成的。而与芙蓉花岗岩主体侵入岩浆活动无直接成生关系。 相似文献
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湘南骑田岭岩体芙蓉超单元的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：7，自引：7，他引：7
湘南骑田岭花岗岩体由于与钨锡矿化关系密切而越来越引起人们的关注。骑田岭花岗岩体是一个多阶段侵入的复式岩体,分莱岭、芙蓉和荒塘岭三个超单元。本文报道了对该岩体主体芙蓉超单元的锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb 定年结果。两个花岗岩样品中岩浆结晶锆石的定年结果分别为155.5±1.3Ma(MSWD=1.7)和157.1±1.2 Ma(MSWD=1.7)。这代表了该超单元的形成年龄,这一年龄与莱岭超单元的形成年龄(159-160Ma)也较接近,表明两个超单元可能是同源分异的产物。这次研究同时揭露了古元古代残留锆石核的存在(2445Ma 和1708Ma),为古元古代华夏地块的存在提供了直接的证据,也证实该地区中生代岩浆作用有古老下地壳物质的参与同时也发现了907Ma 的变质锆石残留,其形成可能与扬子地块和华夏地块的碰撞拼贴有关,同时为杭州-诸广山-花山这-低 T_(DM)值花岗岩带可能是扬子地块和华夏地块在新元古代时的一条板块碰撞带提供了证据。 相似文献
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华南与花岗岩有关的一种新类型的锡成矿作用：矿物化学、元素和同位素地球化学证据 总被引：22，自引：21，他引：22
华南是我国最重要的锡成矿省,产有大量的与花岗岩有关的大型-超大型锡多金属矿床。近年来,在湘南新探明一个超大型锡矿床—芙蓉锡矿床,其中,最重要的锡矿化产在骑田岭花岗岩体西南部的破碎蚀变带内,与绿泥石化密切相关。骑田岭花岗岩富含角闪石,具有较高的氧逸度,显示出准铝的地球化学特征,在花岗岩形成过程中发生过壳-慢岩浆混合作用。这些特点都表明骑田岭花岗宕并不同于一般的 S 型含锡花岗岩,而显示出 A 型花岗岩的地球化学特征。同位素定年分析表明,芙蓉锡矿床主成矿阶段的形成时代要晚于骑田岭花岗岩侵位年龄近20Ma。氢、氧同位素分析表明,发生过水-岩反应的大气降水在成矿流体中占有很重要的地位。硫同位素分析表明花岗岩和地层都提供了成矿所需的硫。因此,用花岗岩浆结晶分异过程中分离出富锡的岩浆流体来形成锡矿的传统模式并不适合于解释芙蓉锡矿的形成。我们认为芙蓉锡矿的形成主要与骑田岭花岗岩的绿泥石化蚀变有关,循环的大气降水与花岗岩发生水-岩反应,富锡的铁镁矿物在蚀变成绿泥石的同时释放出 Sn 和 Ti 等金属到流体中,当物理化学条件改变时,沉淀形成锡矿体。这是一种比较独特的锡矿化模式,丰富了华南与花岗岩有关的锡矿化类型。 相似文献
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湖南芙蓉锡矿田流体包裹体的He同位素组成及成矿流体来源示踪 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
芙蓉锡矿田位于湖南省骑田岭花岗岩体的南部, 是一个新近发现的超大型锡矿田.与以往所研究的与S型花岗岩有关的锡矿床明显不同, 这个矿田在时空上都与骑田岭A型花岗岩密切相关.该矿田矿石硫化物流体包裹体的3He/4He测定值为0.14-2.95 Ra, 低于地幔的3He/4He值(6-7 Ra), 且高于地壳的3He/4He值(0.01-0.05 Ra).这表明芙蓉锡矿田成矿流体中的He具壳幔两端元混合的特点.该区一致的硫、锶及其他证据也都表明, 深部地幔物质确实参与了该区锡的成矿.骑田岭岩体属造山期后张性环境下形成的A型花岗岩类.芙蓉锡矿田就产在骑田岭岩体的内外接触带或岩体中, 其主成矿期与骑田岭岩体的形成时间相当吻合, 且两者均具壳幔两端元混合成因的特征, 所以其形成地球动力学背景可能均与中生代华南岩石圈的拉张、伸展作用密切相关. 相似文献
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新疆东准噶尔萨北富碱花岗岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年及其地质意义 总被引：18，自引：7，他引：18
萨北锡矿赋矿的富碱(A 型)花岗岩隶属于新疆东准噶尔地区卡拉麦里富碱花岗岩带,其中的萨北超单元可以划分为细粒钠铁闪石花岗岩、中细粒钠铁闪石花岗岩、中粗粒钠铁闪石花岗岩和斑状钠铁闪石花岗岩等四个单元。本次工作选择萨北超单元中的中细粒钠铁闪石花岗岩和中粗粒钠铁闪石花岗岩进行 SHRIMP 锆石 U—Pb 定年,所获得的两个样品加权平均年龄分别为313±2Ma 和314±5Ma,谐和年龄分别为310±7Ma 和314±10Ma。结合对中亚造山带东准噶尔晚古生代构造环境和萨北富碱花岗岩带花岗岩的地球化学特征,作者认为:该岩体侵位于晚石炭世(约310Ma),为晚古生代后碰撞岩浆活动的产物,与东准噶尔后碰撞深成岩浆活动的两个峰期(330～310Ma 和305～280Ma)中的前一个峰期相一致。 相似文献
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骑田岭岩体的基本特征及其与锡多金属成矿作用关系 总被引：40，自引：4，他引：40
包括三叠纪、中侏罗世、晚侏罗世等3个时代、3个序列和11个单元的骑田岭岩体， 属造山期后张性环境下形成的“A型”花岗岩类。以正长花岗岩为主，化学成分高硅、富碱，Sn等成矿元素、U等放射性元素、F等挥发份含量高。岩体内及其近侧锡矿化主要位于破碎蚀变带内，具“产高热花岗岩成矿作用”特征；由花岗岩浆分异演化所形成的最晚次云英岩化细粒花岗岩脉的锡矿化具次要地位。 相似文献
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闽西南地区晚中生代花岗质岩石的同位素年代学、地球化学及其构造演化 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15
本文研究的闽西南地区晚中生代花岗质岩体中莒舟花岗岩体单颗粒锆石u-Pb年龄为136．0Ma，133．9Ma，黑云母Ar-^39Ar年龄为132．3Ma，菜刀岐石英斑岩单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为117．4Ma，太华花岗岩体全岩Rb-Sr年龄为114．9Ma，都属早白垩世。莒舟花岗岩富Si、K、Rb．Th，Y含量高，铝弱过饱和，贫Sr、Ba、P、Ti、Eu，过渡元素显著亏损而具壳源型花岗岩特征，菜刀岐石英斑岩是其高程度分异演化的产物，并为锡矿床的形成提供了物质基础。莒舟岩体是在岩石圈伸展的底侵作用下所形成的，岩石中有少量幔源组分加入，岩石的εNd（t）偏低（-7．21），tDM偏高（1．52Ga）。太华花岗岩体的εNd（t）稍高（-3．60--3．68），tDM稍低（1．21Ga），岩石中有较多幔源组分加入，是壳幔混合源花岗岩。过铝质壳源型花岗岩可以在与岩石圈伸展作用相关的张性构造环境中形成，壳幔相互作用对锡矿床的形成具有重要的贡献。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
18.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献
19.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
20.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献