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1.
白云洞是云南乃古石林地区一个长达380km的岩溶洞穴,位于昆明东南70km。溶洞通道的总体方向为N110°～120°E,N0°～10°W,裂隙方向为N30°～40°W,N20°～30°W。溶洞发育于厚层的下二叠统栖霞组,水流发育,正处于近潜水位阶段。溶洞沉积中存在大量 相似文献
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贺兰山以南中奥陶统香山群徐家圈组古水流分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
贺兰山以南中奥陶统香山群为一套遭受轻微区域变质的陆源碎屑岩，并夹有少量碳酸盐岩和硅质岩，属于深海浊流沉积。其下部徐家圈组由灰绿、黄绿色轻变质细粒砂岩、钙质砂岩及粉砂岩和页岩组成，沉积环境为深水斜坡环境，并在该组发现了内波、内潮汐沉积，主要表现为双向交错层理。本文通过对徐家圈组指向沉积构造所显示的古水流资料进行研究，综合分析了香山群徐家圈组沉积时浊流方向和古斜坡方向，并利用古水流资料探讨了内波流和内潮汐流的方向。结果表明，槽模古水流方向从北向南略呈扇形发散状，代表了沉积时的浊流方向；交错层理古水流方向主要分散在NWW—NE之间，可以代表内波流和内潮汐流方向。对古水流平面分布特征进行综合分析，可以判断出沉积时区域斜坡方向与浊流方向基本一致，大致为SSW向，沉积时内波和内潮汐的传播方向则大致为NW向。 相似文献
3.
塔里木板块西南缘托云、奥依塔格晚侏罗世古地磁研究,获得了托云地区特征磁化方向:Ds=1.5°,Is=50.8°;古地磁极:λ=81.0°,ψ=247.0°,古纬度31.5°N。奥依塔格地区特征磁化方向:Ds=118.4°,Is=55.9°;古地磁极:λ=4.9°,ψ=120.6°,古纬度=36.4°N。从古地磁结果认为:①托云和奥依塔格相对托云地区产生顺时针旋转;②这两个地区古纬度为31°～36°左右,与塔里木平均古纬度30°N是基本一致的,但与现在纬度差达8°～10°左右,造成纬度差主要原因是构造运动造成的;③塔里木晚侏罗世古地磁亦与华北、华南基本一致,说明晚侏罗世塔里木、华北、华南三板块已联合成一个整体,拼合成统一的中国大陆,其位于热带—亚热带古气候环境。 相似文献
4.
华南四堡群是江南造山带的重要组成部分,是认识江南造山带弧沟体系的重要"窗口"。四堡群沉积地质学研究表明:1四堡群在黔东南地区总体构成一向上变浅的沉积序列:尧等组为深海-半深海相沉积;河村组浅海—滨岸相沉积。四堡群在桂北地区总体上也为一向上变浅的沉积序列:文通组为深海-半深海相沉积;鱼西组为浊积岩相沉积;2桂北地区四堡群碎屑岩系的29组沙纹层理(鲍马序列c段)的玫瑰花图解表明,古流向总体指向南,证明物源在其北侧;3四堡群砂岩骨架颗粒统计结果表明,其物源构造属性为岩浆弧;4基于以上研究,推测四堡群沉积于弧前盆地。 相似文献
5.
山东诸城晚白垩世王氏群恐龙化石层碎屑锆石定年和物源示踪 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
山东东部诸城晚白垩世王氏群大面积、高密度集群埋藏的恐龙化石是近年研究的热点,但其沉积物源与精确沉积时限目前尚不明确。本文通过对山东诸城王氏群恐龙化石层中6个砂岩样品的碎屑锆石U-Pb定年表明,样品090414-24-D中最年轻的单颗粒锆石年龄(YSG)为77.3 Ma,应代表王氏群恐龙化石层的最大沉积时限(下限),结合前人对王氏群红土崖组的年代学研究表明,其沉积时限应老于73.5 Ma(上限),也说明赋存恐龙化石层的王氏群上部红土崖组为Campanian期沉积;碎屑锆石定年揭示物源的锆石年龄组成分布在100～130 Ma之间,6个样品的年龄主峰值多在110 Ma或120 Ma左右,与下伏的早白垩世青山群火山岩年龄主峰较为吻合。王氏群恐龙化石层砾岩的砾石成分和古水流研究显示,其中3组砾石统计表明砾岩层砾石成分主要由火山岩或火山碎屑岩组成,3组古水流数据表明,诸城地区王氏群红土崖组砾岩层的古流向以南和南东方向为主,尚有1组显示古流向为向北,表明王氏群物源主要来自盆地北侧莱阳和北西侧沂沭断裂带的青山群火山岩,其次为盆地南缘。本研究为诸城王氏群化石层沉积时限的限定和沉积物源的判断,以及胶莱盆地王氏群时期古地理格局的恢复等提供了重要的依据。 相似文献
6.
西起内蒙古百灵庙,东经温都尔庙到镶黄旗、东苏旗一带(北纬42°～43°范围内)。是习称的地台一地槽分界带或过渡带,赋存有铁、铜、金、铬、钨、锡和稀土等矿产资源。近年来,新的矿种和矿点又不断被发现。矿化带呈近东西向展布,与古生代早中期这一带的大地构造背景有密切的成因关系。一、古板块会聚带构造模式概述我们的工作区主要集中于东经112°～114°,北纬42°～43°之间(图1)。这一带的古洋壳残片的构造和消减杂岩系列可证实古板块会聚带的存在。笔者在另文里叙述了该带的 相似文献
7.
甘肃兰州-民和盆地是中国西部典型的陆内断陷沉积盆地,该盆地发育的下白垩统河口群是一套以红褐色为主的碎屑岩地层。依据野外调查,以盆地分析方法为手段,从地层、沉积相、物源和古水流等方面入手对盆地东南部的中铺地区河口群进行了沉积环境的系统分析。通过对研究区内河口群沉积相、沉积构造和沉积序列的研究,认为整套地层垂向上发育有冲积扇相-辫状河相-曲流河相沉积,并进一步划分出若干微相;同时结合该地区的物源和古水流分析认为,早白垩世研究区内的物源主要来自南部的祁连山多旋回造山带;盆地内的下白垩统河口群在不同地区呈现出不同特点,并以此建立了兰州-民和盆地早白垩世古地理格局及盆地演化模式。 相似文献
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10.
陕西渭南介子村黄土的热释光测年 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用细颗粒(4—11μm)热释光技术对陕西渭南介子村(34°20’N,109°34’E)剖面晚更新世和全新世黄土、古土壤的11个样品作了年龄测定。通过光晒退实验确定各个样品的残留热释光强度,并用再生热释光方法测定古剂量值。除S_1埋藏古土中部粘化层及下伏红亚粘土层的两个样品的年龄测定值偏小外,其余9个样品的年龄测定值可视为样品所在层位的沉积年龄。它们与相应层位的有机碳~(14)C测年结果相吻合,也与深海沉积物氧同位素阶5以上各阶段的年龄可对比。 相似文献
11.
摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
12.
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
13.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上，进行了稳定性数值模拟分析，定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明：该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成，对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害，必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
14.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
15.
混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过烧杯搅拌实验对混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液进行研究，从混凝剂适应PH值范围、混凝效果、沉降速度三方面研究比较，找出一种较为理想的混凝剂，并分析了影响混凝剂性能的主要因素，确定了混凝剂的最佳投放剂量。 相似文献
16.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
17.
黄河源区水环境变化及黄河出现冬季断流的原因 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
自1954年有水文观测资料以来，黄河曾在青海省玛多县黄河沿水文站发生过3次断流。本文在分析黄河源区水环境特征及其影响因素的基础上指出，鄂陵湖、扎陵湖的环湖融区调节能力低，当遇到连续干旱、冬季其调节水量不足以维系黄河径流时便会发生断流，这是断流的主因。湖水位降低、开采沙金、过度放牧等自然和人为因素也会对黄河发生断流产生影响。鄂陵湖口附近黄河上修建的水电站开始蓄水，提高了两湖及环湖融区的调节能力，今后黄河冬季出现断流的可能性将大为降低。 相似文献
18.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献
19.
Climate: Is the past the key to the future? 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The climate of the Holocene is not well suited to be the baseline for the climate of the planet. It is an interglacial, a
state typical of only 10% of the past few million years. It is a time of relative sea-level stability after a rapid 130-m
rise from the lowstand during the last glacial maximum. Physical geologic processes are operating at unusual rates and much
of the geochemical system is not in a steady state. During most of the Phanerozoic there have been no continental ice sheets
on the earth, and the planet’s meridional temperature gradient has been much less than it is presently. Major factors influencing
climate are insolation, greenhouse gases, paleogeography, and vegetation; the first two are discussed in this paper. Changes
in the earth’s orbital parameters affect the amount of radiation received from the sun at different latitudes over the course
of the year. During the last climate cycle, the waxing and waning of the northern hemisphere continental ice sheets closely
followed the changes in summer insolation at the latitude of the northern hemisphere polar circle. The overall intensity of
insolation in the northern hemisphere is governed by the precession of the earth’s axis of rotation, and the precession and
ellipticity of the earth’s orbit. At the polar circle a meridional minimum of summer insolation becomes alternately more and
less pronounced as the obliquity of the earth’s axis of rotation changes. Feedback processes amplify the insolation signal.
Greenhouse gases (H2O, CO2, CH4, CFCs) modulate the insolation-driven climate. The atmospheric content of CO2 during the last glacial maximum was approximately 30% less than during the present interglacial. A variety of possible causes
for this change have been postulated. The present burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and cement manufacture since the
beginning of the industrial revolution have added CO2 to the atmosphere when its content due to glacial-interglacial variation was already at a maximum. Anthropogenic activity
has increased the CO2 content of the atmosphere to 130% of its previous Holocene level, probably higher than at any time during the past few million
years. During the Late Cretaceous the atmospheric CO2 content was probably about four times that of the present, the level to which it may rise at the end of the next century.
The results of a Campanian (80 Ma) climate simulation suggest that the positive feedback between CO2 and another important greenhouse gas, H2O, raised the earth’s temperature to a level where latent heat transport became much more significant than it is presently,
and operated efficiently at all latitudes. Atmospheric high- and low-pressure systems were as much the result of variations
in the vapor content of the air as of temperature differences. In our present state of knowledge, future climate change is
unpredictable because by adding CO2 to the atmosphere we are forcing the climate toward a “greenhouse” mode when it is accustomed to moving between the glacial–interglacial
“icehouse” states that reflect the waxing and waning of ice sheets. At the same time we are replacing freely transpiring C3
plants with water-conserving C4 plants, producing a global vegetation complex that has no past analog. The past climates of
the earth cannot be used as a direct guide to what may occur in the future. To understand what may happen in the future we
must learn about the first principles of physics and chemistry related to the earth’s system. The fundamental mechanisms of
the climate system are best explored in simulations of the earth’s ancient extreme climates.
Received: 7 November 1996/Accepted: 23 January 1997 相似文献