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块状硫化物矿床成矿构造环境研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对VHMS型、SEDEX型和VSHMS型3种块状硫化物矿床近年来成矿构造环境研究进展进行了较全面的回顾.其中,VHMS型块状硫化物矿床重点对弧间裂谷及弧后盆地构造环境下矿床时空演化及分布规律、古代VHMS型块状硫化物矿床全球对比认识及沟-弧-盆体系下现代海底块状硫化物研究热点地区的岩石类型、组合及岩浆演化规律进行了总结;SEDEX型块状硫化物矿床重点对澳大利亚北部元古代SEDEX型块状硫化物矿床集中区近年来成矿动力学背景研究进展进行了介绍.指出该区巨大的SEDEX型矿床成矿构造环境不是以往认为的被动大陆边缘裂谷,而是汇聚板块地球动力学背景之下远离弧后的大陆拉张盆地.尤其值得关注的是不仅元古界SEDEX型矿床如此,而且那些古生代的典型SEDEX型矿床(如沙利文,红狗矿床)同样被认为具有相同的产出构造背景.同时认为此种构造背景形成的SEDEX型矿床具有更大的找矿价值;VSHMS型矿床是近十年来逐渐得到重视的一类块状硫化物矿床,矿化特征及成矿作用与以上两类矿床相似,但其成矿构造环境应当位于上述两类矿床的过渡部位,对构造环境判断具有重要的指示意义.因此,在汇聚板块动力学背景下,上述3种块状硫化物矿床,自板块边缘岛弧一侧向远离板块边缘的大陆内部,构成了一个很好的矿床分带或成矿序列,即从VHMS型→VSHMS型→SEDEX型. 相似文献
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华北中元古代硫化物黑烟囟发现的初步报道 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19
海底黑烟囟为当代海洋地质调查的重要发现，对于揭示地史时期块状硫化物的成矿过程中以及生命起源具有重要意义。本文初步报道在冀东中元古代块状硫化物矿床中首次发现保存完好的黑烟囟构造，它们保留了成矿流体运移的通道构造，围绕通道构造还显示良好的矿物分带现象。完全可以与现代海底黑烟囟对比，黑烟囟的发现证明了该区硫化物矿床的形成与海底喷流过程密切相关。 相似文献
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通过对闽西南地区石炭纪—早二叠世主要块状硫化物矿床的区域成矿背景、贮矿层位特征以及矿石矿物成分、结构构造,硫同位素地球化学特征、成矿温度等分析研究,指出该地区石炭纪—早二叠世块状硫化物矿床的形成多与海底火山活动有关,贮矿层中伴有典型的喷流沉积岩—硅质岩,并提出闽西南地区块状硫化物矿床存在海底喷流-沉积成矿作用的新认识。 相似文献
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川西呷村银多金属矿床成矿流体性质及成矿机理 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
“三江”地区是我国主要的火山岩型块状硫化物矿床成矿区域之一,产于赠科-乡城矿带的呷村矿床是我国典型的含金富银的块状硫化物矿床。矿床位于义敦古岛弧主弧带北段的昌台火山-沉积盆地中。该盆地上三叠统自下而上分为根隆组、呷村组和勉戈组,相应形成三个火山旋回,成矿作用发生在每个火山旋回末期。在呷村旋回的流纹质火山活动末期,形成呷村、嘎衣穷、夏塞等银多金属矿床。 相似文献
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陕西银硐子喷溢沉积改造型银多金属矿床成矿构造解析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海相喷溢沉积块状硫化物矿床一向被称为“喷气矿床”,但鉴于“喷气”一词含义的局限性,本文用“喷溢”代之。陕西银硐子矿床是一典型实例。本文重点解析该矿床成矿构造环境及其构造成矿作用,最后建立了柞水 山阳银多金属矿田构造-地球化学成矿演化模式。 相似文献
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《矿物岩石》2017,(1)
西南三江地区在大地构造位置上处于欧亚板块和印度板块结合部位的特提斯构造域东段。自早古生代以来,区内曾经历过多期次的构造岩浆活动,为金属的成矿作用提供了十分有利的成矿条件,区内已发现有色金属、贵金属为主的矿床约200处;其中,超大型矿床12处,大型矿床60余处,各种金属矿床(点)2 000余处。是我国最重要的金属矿床集中分布区之一。该区从东到西可划分出九个大地构造单元:巴颜喀拉-扬子陆块、甘孜-理塘板块结合带、德格-中甸陆块、金沙江-哀牢山板块结合带、昌都-思茅陆块、澜沦江板块结合带、左贡-保山陆块、班公湖-怒江板块结合带、波密-腾冲陆块;可划分为与此对应的9个成矿带。论述了西南三江地区大地构造演化与金属矿床的成矿作用的关系。提出了西南三江地区造山带自寒武纪以来主要经历了8个大地构造演化与成矿作用发展演化阶段。多期次的构造岩浆成矿作用,在区内形成了丰富的矿产资源和多种矿床成因类型的金属矿床。研究表明,本区金属矿床的主要类型有:火山成因块状硫化物型多金属矿床、层控型多金属矿床、浊积岩型金多金属矿床、岩浆期后热液型铜多金属矿床、矽卡岩型多金属矿床、斑岩型铜多金属矿床、剪切带型金矿床等,为该区金属矿床研究与找矿突破提供了新思路和新资料。 相似文献
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安徽铜陵矿集区块状硫化物矿床成因模型与成矿流体动力学迁移 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
根据地质和同位素地球化学特征，建立了铜陵地区赋存于石炭系地层底部的块状硫化物矿床的成因模型；该类型矿床的形成主要与石炭纪海底热水活动有关，属喷流-沉积型(SEDEX)块状硫化物矿床；下伏古生代地层是重要的成矿金属源区，海水硫酸盐是硫化物成矿的主要硫源。成矿热流体循环的动力学数值模拟揭示。该类型矿床底盘岩石中的流体活动和热影响范围主要局限在主排泄通道两侧较小的区域内；温度场和流场决定以沉积岩为容矿岩石的喷流．沉积型块状硫化物矿床底盘岩石中的蚀变和矿化强度不如以火山岩为容矿岩石的块状硫化物矿床。伴随强大深部热流的张性同生断裂是控制喷流一沉积型块状硫化物矿床形成与分布的关键因素。海西期扬子板块北缘的张性构造体制为该时期喷流一沉积型块状硫化物矿床的形成提供了有利的地球动力学环境。 相似文献
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地气测量在北祁连盆地区找矿突破及其意义 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
北祁连地区是我国最重要的块状硫化物床成矿省之一,虽然该区分布有我国最大的块状硫化物矿床——白银矿田,以及200多处中小型矿床及矿(化)点,但除白银矿田外,多年来在找大矿方面未能突破。原因在于缺乏必要的手段,找矿勘探工作仅限于盆地周边的出露区。近几年,地气测量在黑河盆地的红层覆盖区先后发现了赖都滩和白柳沟矿体,不仅说明地气测量方法有效,而且说明黑河盆地具有寻找大型白银式多金属矿床的潜力。建议采用地气法对整个盆地进行系统勘查,并结合其它方法,优选出最佳的找矿靶区。作者认为,本区找矿突破可为整个北祁连地区其他盆地寻找块状硫化物矿床指出新的找矿方向,将找矿重点转到盆地区,以实现我国块状硫化物矿床勘查的全面突破。 相似文献
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论华南喷流—沉积块状硫化物矿床 总被引：28，自引：1，他引：27
现代海底喷流－沉积硫化物矿床的发现极大地推动了海底热液成矿理论的发展,也大大地提高了对古代海底喷流块充化物矿术的研究水平。本文指出喷流－沉积是重要的成矿作用,提出喷流－沉积矿床是华南Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｓｎ、Ａｇ、Ａｕ等矿产资源的重要来源,形成了一批超大型矿床,并将华南许多曾被认为属夕卡岩矿床重新确认为喷流－沉积岩床。文章还论述了华南喷流－沉积块状硫化物矿床的特征、分类、时空分布及其成矿特点等问题,提出断裂拗陷带型喷流－沉积块状硫化物矿床是华南具有特色的类型,而陆相断陷盆地中喷流－沉积矿床值得进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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隋延辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1990,(3)
辽宁省浑河断裂以北(浑北)地区的诸块状硫化物矿床遭受了强烈变形-变质作用影响。本文论述硫化物矿体的变质-变形,以及硫化物矿物的物理迁移。阐明黄铁矿发生塑性变形的影响因素;指出磁黄铁矿由六方相转变为单斜相是其发生塑性变形的重要机制;讨论了硫化物塑性变形序列;测得Cu型矿床变形温度为450～500℃,变形压力为0.7～0.8GPa;S型矿床变型温度为600～650℃,相应的压力为1.0～1.2GPa。 相似文献
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环巴尔喀什-西准噶尔成矿省矿床类型、成矿系统和跨境成矿带对接 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
环巴尔喀什-西准噶尔成矿省地处中亚成矿域核心区,古生代构造和岩浆活动强烈,成矿作用丰富多样,发育许多大型-超大型乃至世界级的金属矿床,包括斑岩型铜矿床、斑岩-石英脉-云英岩型钨钼矿床、矽卡岩型铜(多金属)矿床、火山成因块状硫化物型(VMS)多金属矿床、浅成低温热液型金矿床、石英脉-蚀变岩型中温热液金矿床、与花岗岩有关的Be-U矿床、岩浆熔离型铜镍硫化物矿床和豆荚状铬铁矿等,这些矿床集中分布,形成多处成矿带,包括哈萨克斯坦的扎尔玛-萨吾尔、波谢库尔-成吉斯和北巴尔喀什等成矿带以及新疆西准噶尔的萨吾尔、谢米斯台-沙尔布提和巴尔鲁克-克拉玛依等成矿带。哈萨克斯坦包含大型-超大型和世界级金属矿床的成矿带向东是否延入新疆西准噶尔?能否实现新疆西准噶尔找矿重大突破?都是备受关注的重大地质找矿问题。本文在前人研究并结合作者工作基础上,根据成矿带的成矿构造环境、矿床类型、成矿特点和成矿时代,总结出成矿省至少发育九类成矿系统,即(1)奥陶纪-志留纪岛弧斑岩型Cu-Au成矿系统;(2)奥陶纪岛弧VMS型多金属成矿系统;(3)泥盆纪岛弧岩浆熔离型铜镍硫化物成矿系统;(4)泥盆纪与蛇绿岩有关的豆荚状铬铁矿成矿系统;(5)早石炭世岛弧斑岩-浅成低温热液型Cu-Au成矿系统;(6)石炭纪岛弧斑岩型-矽卡岩型Cu-Mo-Au成矿系统;(7)晚石炭世弧后盆地与花岗岩有关的Be-U成矿系统;(8)早二叠世岛弧或岛弧和陆缘弧过渡弧斑岩-石英脉-云英岩型Mo-W成矿系统;(9)早二叠世岛弧石英脉-蚀变岩型中温热液金成矿系统。对比研究发现境内外相邻成矿带具有相同或相似的成矿系统,二者可以对接,新疆西准噶尔三条成矿带分别是哈萨克斯坦三条成矿带的东延部分,构成了成矿省北部的扎尔玛-萨吾尔Cu-Au成矿带、中部的波谢库尔-成吉斯-谢米斯台Cu-Au-Be-U多金属成矿带和南部的北巴尔喀什-克拉玛依Cu-Mo-W-Au-Cr成矿带。新疆西准噶尔具有形成大型-超大型矿床的成矿系统和成矿条件,有望实现找矿勘探的更大突破。 相似文献
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Abstract: Two adjacent volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, the Main Malusok and the Malusok Southeast, are delineated within Barangay Tabayo, Siocon, Zamboanga del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines. These deposits comprise massive to semi-massive sulfide lenses representing the down-dip equivalent of oxidized gossans. The massive sulfides have a primary mineral assemblage of pyrite-chalcopyrite-sphalerite with significant amounts of supergene copper in the form of chal-cocite. Owing to structural and metamorphic overprinting combined with intense alteration, primary textures are generally obliterated. Rock types are classified according to dominant mineral assemblages whereas the main lithologic units comprising the Malusok volcanic package are divided based on the position of each unit relative to the mineralized zone. The main lithologic units are designated as the hanging wall, the host, and the footwall sequences. In correlating the stratigraphy of the Main Malusok zone with that of the Malusok Southeast zone, a chlorite/epidote-rich interval located at the base of the hanging wall sequence serves as a distinct stratigraphic marker from which all lithologies are referred to. Comparisons between the stratigraphy of the two areas show that massive to semi-massive sulfide lenses are confined within a single stratigraphic interval representing the favorable horizon for the entire Malusok area. However, differences exist relative to style of mineralization and configuration of the altered interval between the Main Malusok and the Malusok Southeast VMS deposits. Based on characteristics exhibited by each individual deposit, it is inferred that the Main Malusok VMS deposit overlies a feeder zone whereas the Malusok Southeast sulfide lenses represent satellite deposits and transported blocks. 相似文献
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Seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) deposits have significant development potential. In 2011, the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association (COMRA) and International Seabed Authority (ISA) signed a contract to explore a 10 000 km2 region of the seafloor along the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) containing hydrothermal sulfides. As regulated by the contract, China will have to relinquish 50% and 75% of the contract area within 8 and 10 years, respectively. However, exploration for seafloor hydrothermal sulfide deposits in China remains in the initial stage. Based on quantitative prediction theory and the status of exploration for SMS, we assemble factors related to the deposits in terms of topography, geology, geophysics, and several other related aspects along the SWIR and extract the most favorable information to establish a prospecting prediction model for SMS. By employing the weights-of-evidence method, we obtain a weighting for each prediction factor and thereby obtain a posterior probability map for the SWIR. The prediction result suggests that the central region of the SWIR has the highest posterior probability, i.e., it is the most prospective for the formation of hydrothermal vents and related SMS. Known hydrothermal areas such as Mt. Jourdanne, area A and 10°E–16°E are all located in the regions with high posterior probability values. The Chinese contract area (47°–51°E) has the highest posterior probability value and thus can be selected as a reserved region for additional exploration. By narrowing the exploration area and improving exploration accuracy, the predictions made will provide a focus for further exploration of seafloor hydrothermal sulfide resources. 相似文献
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XU Wenyi HOU Zengqian YANG Zhusen SHI Danian MENG Yifeng ZENG Pusheng Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(1):98-105
Numerical simulation of fluid migration during the ore-forming process of the Carboniferous exhalationsedimentary (Sedex) massive sulfide deposits in the Tongling district shows that fluid and thermal activities in lying-wall rocks were limited to a small area around the main draining passage, which led to weak mineralization and alteration in the lying-wall rock. Temperature and fluid fields indicate that mineralization and alteration in the lying-wall rock of the Sedex-type deposits are usually weaker than those of volcano-hosted massive sulfide deposits. Fluid migration involves the following processes: seawater penetrating and leaching the lying-wall rocks, then mixing with ascending hydrothermal fluids in the main draining passage, and finally jetting into seafloor. Although fluid activity-influenced area is rather small,the content of metals leached out from the lying-wall rocks is high enough to form large-scale ore deposits. Tensional contemporaneous faults accompanied with strong heat flows controlled the formation and distribution of Sedex deposits.The tensional tectonic regime on the northern margin of the Yangtze block during the Hercynian provided Sedex deposits with a prerequisite geodynamic condition. 相似文献
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V. V. Maslennikov N. R. Ayupova S. P. Maslennikova A. Yu. Lein A. S. Tseluiko L. V. Danyushevsky R. R. Large V. A. Simonov 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2017,52(3):173-191
The ore-formational, ore-facies, lithological, and mineralogical-geochemical criteria are defined for the detection of hydrothermal ecosystem fauna in ores of the volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits in the Urals. Abundant mineralized microfauna is found mainly in massive sulfide mounds formed in the jasperous basalt (Buribai, Priorsk, Yubileinoe, Sultanov), rhyolite–basalt (Yaman-Kasy, Blyava, Komosomol’sk, Sibai, Molodezhnoe, Valentorsk), and the less common serpentinite (Dergamysh) formations of the Urals (O–D2). In the ore-formational series of the massive sulfide deposits, probability of the detection of mineralized fauna correlates inversely with the relative abundance of felsic volcanic rocks underlying the ores. This series is also marked by a gradual disappearance of colloform pyrite, marcasite, isocubanite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite pseudomorphoses after pyrrhotite; increase of the amount of bornite, fahlores, and barite; decrease of contents of Se, Te, Co, and Sn in chalcopyrite and sphalerite; and decrease of Tl, As, Sb, and Pb in the colloform pyrite. Probability of the detection of mineralized fauna in the morphogenetic series of massive sulfide deposits decreases from the weakly degraded sulfide mounds to the clastic stratiform deposits. The degradation degree of sulfide mounds and fauna preservation correlates with the attenuation of volcanic intensity, which is reflected in the abundance of sedimentary and volcanosedimentary rocks and the depletion of effusive rocks in the geological sections. 相似文献
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