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1.
南岭燕山期花岗岩多为复式岩体,由主体和不同期次的补体组成。大部分学者认为南岭花岗岩中的补体是主体经历分离结晶作用之后的残余岩浆。然而,近几年新的年代学和同位素数据表明,补体与主体的成因关系其实很复杂,许多补体可能不是主体分离结晶作用的产物,而可  相似文献   

2.
华南分布了大量的印支期-燕山期复式花岗岩体,其成岩及相关成矿过程一直存有争议。本文选择湖南典型的花岗质复式大岩基——沩山岩体为例,通过细致研究其中多期云母的单颗粒Rb-Sr年龄及地球化学组成,探讨了它们对相关成岩成矿过程的指示意义。单颗粒云母Rb-Sr等时线定年结果显示,沩山复式花岗岩主体唐市黑云母二长花岗岩中黑云母结晶年龄为221.9±5.8Ma(MSWD=3.8),主体边部的新浦高演化花岗岩中黑云母结晶年龄为227.0±13Ma(MSWD=1.6),主体内部的巷子口二云母花岗岩中白云母结晶年龄为210.1±3.3Ma(MSWD=0.21)。电子探针主量元素及激光探针LA-ICM-MS微量元素测定结果表明,沩山复式花岗岩中黑云母或白云母的成分存在明显差异,由此指示该岩体多期岩浆的温度、氧逸度以及源岩浆成分的差异。本文研究还表明,巷子口二云母花岗岩中白云母属于次生白云母,不能用来限定岩浆源区深度及岩石成因。鉴于多期云母的成分分异趋势及指示意义,我们认为沩山复式花岗岩多期岩浆具有同源关系,均来自于同一深部大岩浆房,是在不同时期不同构造背景下经历分离结晶和/或同化混染作用侵位而成。其中,印支晚期及之后的二云母花岗岩可能最具铀矿找矿前景。  相似文献   

3.
高秦  丁嘉林  张延青  周鹏  厉子龙 《地质论评》2022,68(4):2022072012-2022072012
中国东南沿海地区出露的大面积中生代岩浆岩与矿化作用与区域构造域转换密切相关,在100~90 Ma左右浙闽地区壳幔作用强烈,前人大多数的研究工作是针对单个岩体或几个复式岩体展开的相应研究工作,缺少对浙闽沿海中生代花岗岩类的跨区域研究,特别是具体时间节点的对比和剖析。本研究选取浙闽地区100~90 Ma形成的典型花岗岩体为研究对象,通过对其进行地球化学数据分析和整理,并与前人在华南地区的研究数据相结合,认为100~90 Ma的浙闽花岗岩不同于日本和安第斯型的典型岛弧酸性岩。浙闽花岗岩的母岩浆可能起源于古太平洋板块俯冲引起基性岩浆上涌,少量基性岩浆与花岗质岩浆以不同比例混合形成了这一时期东南沿海中生代花岗岩类的母岩浆。地壳厚度的差异造成浙闽一带形成的母岩浆的不同,而花岗质岩体则是在这种不同母岩浆基础上高度演化的结果。利用Rhyolite MELTS方法计算浙闽地区在100~90 Ma的岩浆过程,以福建长泰岩体为例,在含水量为6 %,压力为300 MPa 的条件下进行模拟,计算结果显示98 Ma岩体的分离结晶程度约37%,而从95 Ma开始,岩浆演化开始趋向于无明显规律。浙闽中生代花岗岩体显示以斜长石、钾长石、黑云母的分离结晶为主导的结晶过程,不同岩体的分离结晶程度有所不同。特别是在95 Ma时,浙闽一带的岩体同时出现了斜长石的分离结晶作用,随后又进入由钾长石和黑云母的分离结晶控制的阶段,结合Sr、Ba的变化特征和Nd同位素等变化,认为95 Ma左右存在地幔物质的介入,从而导致浙闽地区在晚中生代岩浆演化上出现了转变,而且95 Ma很可能是浙闽晚中生代花岗岩形成的转折期,岩浆温度的计算结果也显示了这一点  相似文献   

4.
汪相 《地质论评》2023,69(3):2023030022-2023030022
本文针对吴福元等(2023)“南岭高分异花岗岩成岩与成矿”一文(后简称“吴文”)提出两个不同认识:① 南岭地区广泛出露的燕山早期花岗岩,常构成复式花岗岩体的主体。吴文依靠三个幔源物质(玄武岩、微粒包体和基性岩脉)的证据,认为这些花岗岩是壳幔相互作用的产物。笔者认为这些“幔源物质”的存在不足以作为“壳幔相互作用”的证据,南岭燕山早期花岗岩实际上为沿着地壳剪压断裂主动侵位的同造山花岗岩(主体花岗岩)。② 吴文认为,这些复式花岗岩体中的补体花岗岩(小岩体)也是燕山早期的,为“同源岩浆”的高分异演化的产物。本文对前半句持否定性的看法,但认同后半句的结论,并以完全不同的方式表明,初始花岗岩浆是在重力和热量对流下的深部岩浆房中经历20 Ma以上的分离结晶作用,才可能在岩浆房上部形成含巨量成矿物质的残余花岗岩浆。这些残余花岗岩浆在早白垩世的拉张环境中,快速地被动上侵而溶离成两部分 (流体和熔体),分别形成岩浆热液矿床和造山后花岗岩(补体花岗岩)。  相似文献   

5.
汪相 《地质论评》2023,69(6):2023-2031
笔者等针对吴福元等(2023)“南岭高分异花岗岩成岩与成矿”一文(后简称“吴文”)提出两个不同认识:(1)南岭地区广泛出露的燕山早期花岗岩,常构成复式花岗岩体的主体。吴文依靠3个幔源物质(玄武岩、微粒包体和基性岩脉)的证据,认为这些花岗岩是壳幔相互作用的产物。笔者认为这些“幔源物质”的存在不足以作为“壳幔相互作用”的证据,南岭燕山早期花岗岩实际上为沿着地壳剪压断裂主动侵位的同造山花岗岩(主体花岗岩)。(2)吴文认为,这些复式花岗岩体中的补体花岗岩(小岩体)也是燕山早期的,为“同源岩浆”的高分异演化的产物。笔者等对前半句持否定性的看法,但认同后半句的结论,并以完全不同的方式表明,初始花岗岩浆是在重力和热量对流下的深部岩浆房中经历20 Ma以上的分离结晶作用,才可能在岩浆房上部形成含巨量成矿物质的残余花岗岩浆。这些残余花岗岩浆在早白垩世的拉张环境中,快速地被动上侵而溶离成两部分(流体和熔体),分别形成岩浆热液矿床和造山后花岗岩(补体花岗岩)。  相似文献   

6.
广西陆川米场-博白三滩成矿带是近几年新发现的以W、Mo矿化为主的多金属成矿带。本文对带内与W-Mo矿床有关的油麻坡复式岩体进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石学、地球化学和Sm-Nd同位素研究。油麻坡岩体由花岗闪长岩(主体)和白云母花岗岩(补体)两部分组成。传统观点一般认为补体是主体经历分离结晶后的残余岩浆,而本文LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,主体和补体分别形成于109.0±0.3Ma和100.7±0.5Ma,后者明显晚于前者约10Ma,说明两者不大可能是同一岩浆房演化的产物。来自岩石学、地球化学和同位素方面的证据也不支持两者是分离结晶关系,主要包括:①主体含自形角闪石,常见榍石和磁铁矿等副矿物,表明岩浆富水、高氧逸度的性质。而补体不含角闪石,常见萤石、钛铁矿和硫化物等副矿物,表明岩浆富F和偏还原的性质。这与两者的分离结晶演化关系不吻合;②补体锆石的U含量极高(平均高达10602×10-6),从而出现特有的蜕晶现象、裂纹等放射性损伤结构,明显不同于主体锆石(平均U含量为860×10-6);③补体强烈亏损Sr、Ba、Eu和LREE,富集Na、Rb、Ga以及W、Sn等成矿元素,并具有典型的稀土四分组效应和non-CHARAC特征,微量元素模拟计算表明,补体与主体没有演化关系;④主体和补体的Nd同位素组成差别较大(εNd(t)分别为-5.1~-4.0和-9.6~-8.6)。本文提出高度演化的补体花岗岩是新的幔源岩浆底侵导致下地壳部分熔融而形成,由于其富F,导致岩浆固相线大幅下降(岩浆期延长),所以经历了比主体岩浆更为强烈的熔-流体相互作用,有利于萃取W、Mo等金属元素并使之富集成矿。  相似文献   

7.
中国东南沿海地区出露的大面积中生代岩浆岩与矿化作用与区域构造域转换密切相关,在100~90 Ma左右浙闽地区壳幔作用强烈,前人大多数的研究工作是针对单个岩体或几个复式岩体展开的相应研究工作,缺少对浙闽沿海中生代花岗岩类的跨区域研究,特别是具体时间节点的对比和剖析。本研究选取浙闽地区100~90 Ma形成的典型花岗岩体为研究对象,通过对其进行地球化学数据分析和整理,并与前人在华南地区的研究数据相结合,认为100~90 Ma的浙闽花岗岩不同于日本和安第斯型的典型岛弧酸性岩。浙闽花岗岩可能起源于古太平洋板块俯冲引起基性岩浆上涌,少量基性岩浆与花岗质岩浆以不同比例混合形成了这一时期东南沿海中生代花岗岩类的母岩浆。地壳组成的差异造成浙闽一带形成的母岩浆的不同,而花岗质岩体则是在这种不同母岩浆基础上高度演化的结果。利用Rhyolite—MELTS方法计算浙闽地区在100~90 Ma的岩浆过程,以福建长泰岩体为例,在含水量为6%,压力为300 MPa 的条件下进行模拟,计算结果显示98 Ma岩体的分离结晶程度约37%,而从95 Ma开始,岩浆演化开始趋向于无明显规律。浙闽中生代花岗岩体显示以斜长石、钾长石、黑云母的分离结晶为主导的结晶过程,不同岩体的分离结晶程度有所不同。特别是在95 Ma时,浙闽一带的岩体同时出现了斜长石的分离结晶作用,随后又进入由钾长石和黑云母的分离结晶控制的阶段,结合Sr、Ba的变化特征和Nd同位素等变化,认为95 Ma左右存在地幔物质的介入,从而导致浙闽地区在晚中生代岩浆演化上出现了转变,而且95 Ma很可能是浙闽晚中生代花岗岩形成的转折期,岩浆温度的计算结果也证实了这一点。  相似文献   

8.
五桂山花岗岩复式岩体系由早白垩世的3次岩浆入活动形成的,在时空关系,岩石学,副矿物,岩石化学,地球化学特征上,反映出它们属同一次岩浆热事件不同演化阶段的产物,构成一个由黑云母花岗岩组成的演化序列。属岩墙扩展式被动就位岩体,受控于北东向区域性樟木头大断裂。  相似文献   

9.
湖南瑶岗仙钨矿床与成矿有关的碱长花岗岩岩株中发育多种类型包体,包括花岗岩、石英闪长斑岩、黑色包体及云英岩析离体等。这些包体的地质地球化学性质不同,来源和演化路径不同,记载着瑶岗仙花岗岩成因和岩浆分异演化的历史。对这些包体岩石学、地球化学的研究,结合岩体本身和区域燕山早期花岗岩基的对比研究,明确了花岗岩包体(Ⅰb)来自深部岩浆房中早期结晶的花岗岩,性质与区域花岗岩相近;石英闪长斑岩和黑色包体为前寒武纪变质岩在重熔时的残留;云英岩析离体是由花岗岩Ⅰ的岩浆晚期进一步分异形成的浆液过渡态流体结晶沉淀而成;产于石英斑岩中的细粒黑云母花岗岩包体(Ⅲb)捕获自岩浆房中分异的补体或补体上升时初步分异形成的花岗岩。形成瑶岗仙岩体的花岗岩高度富含挥发分,致使其中的包体强烈同化混染,并富含萤石、云母、电气石等以及硫化物矿物。瑶岗仙岩体是区域花岗岩基所代表的岩浆房高度分异的岩浆上侵的产物,石英斑岩岩浆直接来自于岩浆房结晶分异残留岩浆,而非瑶岗仙岩体的分异产物。建立了瑶岗仙地区燕山早期岩浆演化序列:岩浆房主体(二长花岗岩)→细粒黑云母花岗岩(补体)→碱长花岗岩岩株→浆液过渡态流体成矿→石英斑岩脉侵入。  相似文献   

10.
花山-姑婆山侵入岩带位于南岭西段,由牛庙、同安、花山、金子岭、乌羊山和姑婆山等岩体所组成,10个锆石样品的 SHRIMP U-Pb 法、LA-ICP-MS 法和熔融法定年结果显示,该带中主要的闪长质和花岗质岩体侵位于160~163Ma 这一狭窄的时间范围内,表明中—晚侏罗世之交是本区岩浆活动的高峰时期,它们在时间上、空间上、物质来源上、构造背景上和成因机制上有着十分密切的联系。姑婆山里松花岗岩与其中暗色包体结晶年龄的一致性,从一个重要的方面否定了暗色包体是浅部围岩捕虏体或深部熔融残留体的可能性,并为它们的岩浆混合成因提供了一个重要依据。具有充分分异演化特征的新路晚阶段细粒花岗岩小岩体中锆石的 U-Pb 年龄值为151Ma,比主体花岗岩大约晚10Ma,它可能反映了本区主体花岗岩岩浆房分离结晶和演化的时间跨度。桂岭和大宁岩体侵位于加里东晚期。  相似文献   

11.
花岗岩结晶分离作用问题——关于花岗岩研究的思考之二   总被引:11,自引:15,他引:11  
岩浆结晶分离作用是一个古老的话题,很早就有学者指出,地球内部生成的岩浆大多是玄武质岩浆,大多数花岗岩是由玄武岩结晶分离形成的。本文在考察了岩浆结晶分离作用的制约因素、比较了不同性质岩浆结晶分离作用的特征之后指出:玄武质岩浆可以发生结晶分离作用,因为有与其相关的堆晶岩产出;安山质岩浆也可以发生结晶分离作用,因为也有与其相关的堆晶岩产出。但是,花岗质岩浆似乎不大可能发生结晶分离作用,因为,很少见到有与(富硅的)花岗质岩浆相伴的堆晶岩产出。花岗质岩浆之所以不大可能发生结晶分离作用的原因在于:(1)岩浆的黏性大,它不仅阻滞了矿物的结晶作用(使斜长石不能发育为自形晶),而且阻止了密度大的矿物(例如角闪石)下沉;(2)主要造岩矿物(例如斜长石)的密度与花岗质岩浆的密度相差无几,使结晶分离作用难以进行。本文详细考察了花岗质岩浆中斜长石的行为,指出在花岗质岩浆中斜长石结晶分离几乎是不可能的。那么,文献中大量充斥的花岗岩结晶分离作用的说法是依据什么呢?作者认为,文献中的许多说法可能主要是根据哈克图解得出的,而不是根据实际观察和理论研究得出的。作者认为,玄武岩和花岗岩不仅来源不同,成分不同,而且解释也不同。哈克图解中许多适合玄武岩的解释未必适合花岗岩。由于鲍文反应原理是结晶分离作用的理论基础,因此,文中也对鲍文反应原理进行了评述,并指出文献中存在的一些需要认真对待的问题,例如,从玄武岩-安山岩-英安岩-流纹岩的连续演化序列是不可能的;单元-超单元填图方法是不科学的;中国东部中生代大规模花岗岩不可能是玄武质岩浆结晶分离形成的等等。本文还以 Ajaji el ai.(1998)报道的摩洛哥 Tanncherfi 花岗岩为例,指出结晶分离作用的解释是不可能的。作者认为,花岗岩类的成分变化大,主要可能与源区组成、温度、压力、挥发分、部分熔融程度和过程、混合作用、岩浆分异及结晶分离作用有关。其中,源区组成可能是花岗岩多样性的最重要的原因,而结晶分离作用的影响可能是微乎其微的。本文认为,花岗岩结晶分离作用对于花岗岩成因的意义已经被大大地夸大了,我们应当重新思考结晶分离作用对于花岗质岩浆的意义。由于花岗岩的极端复杂性,许多问题还得不到比较合理的解释,本文的认识只是初步的。  相似文献   

12.
The Jiuyishan complex located at Hunan Province, Jiuyishan district, South China, is composed of five granitic plutons (Xuehuading, Jinjiling, Pangxiemu, Shaziling and Xishan). The Zhengchong Li-Rb-Cs deposit is a greisen-type deposit hosted by the Jinjiling granite, adjacent to the Pangxiemu granitic pluton. Based on textures, three types of greisen may be distinguished at Zhengchong: medium-grained massive greisen, feldspar-phyric greisen and quartz-phyric greisen. Detailed studies on field occurrence, petrographic observations, whole-rock and mineral geochemistry reveals that the Jinjiling granites represent the protoliths of the greisen mineralization and not the Pangxiemu granites. Metasomatic alteration of different phases of the Jinjiling granites formed at least three greisen types mentioned above. The medium-grained greisen and quartz-phyric greisen are totally altered, but the feldspar-phyric greisen are relatively less altered with residual feldspar phenocrysts. We also propose three main indications for ore deposit exploration in this area: future mineral exploration in the district should focus on the periphery of the Pangxiemu pluton, particularly along structures, where greisen alteration has been developed in places.  相似文献   

13.
洛宁花山岩体地球化学特征及成因的探讨   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
毕献武  骆庭川 《矿物学报》1995,15(4):433-441
出露在河南省洛宁县境内的花山花岗岩复式岩体从早到晚依次划分为似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩,似斑状黑云母角闲石英二长岩,中细粒角闪黑云母二长花岗岩三个阶段。本文简要叙述了花山岩体各阶段岩石的地球化学特征,并结合已有基础地质、同位素资料,探讨了花山岩体的成因机制。结果表明,花山岩体属I型花岗岩类,为大陆板块内部的同熔型花岗岩,形成花山岩体的岩浆来源于混有地幔物质的太华群地层。  相似文献   

14.
The first U–Pb geochronological results on the magmatic alignment of the Los Pedroches batholith are presented. The batholith is composed of a main granodioritic unit, several granite plutons and an important acid to basic dyke complex, all of them intrusive after the main Variscan regional deformation phase, D1, along the boundary between the Ossa-Morena and Central Iberian zones (SW Iberian Massif). Zircons from samples on both extremes of the granodiorite massif record nearly simultaneous magmatic crystallization at ca. 308 Ma, while the emplacement of granite plutons was diachronic between 314 and 304 Ma. The U–Pb results combined with new field and textural observations allow to better constrain the age of Variscan deformations D2 and D3 across the region, while the age of D1 remains imprecise. Transcurrent D2 shearing-tightening of D1 folds occurred around 314 Ma (lower Westphalian) in relation to the emplacement of the first granitic magmas. D3 faults and shear bands bearing a strong extensional component developed at ca. 308 Ma (upper Westphalian), associated to the intrusion of the main granodiorite pluton (granodiorite) of the batholith. Together with available geochemical and geophysical information, these results point to the Variscan reactivation of lithospheric fractures at the origin and subsequent emplacement of hybrid magmas within this sector of the Massif.  相似文献   

15.
贺敬博  陈斌 《地学前缘》2011,18(2):191-211
西准噶尔地区克拉玛依岩体主要由闪长岩和花岗岩组成,锆石SHRIMP法给出的岩体结晶年龄为(315.5±2.8)Ma,为晚石炭世侵入岩.克拉玛依岩体具岛弧岩石的元素地球化学特征:总体上岩石富钠.A/CNK=0.57~0.84,富集LREE,(La/Yb)N=4.7~6.1,Eu显示弱负异常(δEu=0.76~0.91),...  相似文献   

16.
In north-central Brazil, a number of granite plutons, which intrude Paleoproterozoic gneiss-granulite terrains of the Goiás Massif, crop out along a thermal axis parallel to the Transbrasiliano Lineament. Single zircon lead evaporation ages from three granitic bodies span between 552 and 545 Ma. Sm–Nd model ages (TDM) vary between 2.1 and 1.7 Ga and negative εNd(0.55 Ga) values between −10 and −13 show that Paleoproterozoic crust was involved in the genesis of these granites. These plutons, which form the Lajeado Intrusive Suite are part of an important Ediacaran magmatic event in central-northern of the Tocantins Tectonic Province, composed of metaluminous to slightly peraluminous granites with geochemical characteristics similar to A-type granites, whose crystallization occurred under low water activity during magmatic emplacement. The granitic intrusive bodies are related to a crustal extensional/transtensional tectonic event at the end of the Neoproterozoic. They may have connection with the granitic plutons of similar age (0.56–0.52 Ga) in northwestern Ceará state, on the other side of the Paleozoic Parnaíba Basin in northwest of Borborema Province, along the Transbrasiliano Lineament.  相似文献   

17.
Plutonic rocks associated with the Latir volcanic field comprise three groups: 1) 25 Ma high-level resurgent plutons composed of monzogranite and silicic metaluminous and peralkaline granite, 2) 23–25 Ma syenogranite, and alkali-feldspar granite intrusions emplaced along the southern caldera margin, and 3) 19–23 Ma granodiorite and granite plutons emplaced south of the caldera. Major-element compositions of both extrusive and intrusive suites in the Latir field are broadly similar; both suites include high-SiO2 rocks with low Ba and Sr, and high Rb, Nb, Th, and U contents. Moreover, both intermediateto siliciccomposition volcanic and plutonic rocks contain abundant accessory sphene and apatite, rich in rare-earth elements (REE), as well as phases in which REE's are essential components. Strong depletion in Y and REE contents, with increasing SiO2 content, in the plutonic rocks indicate a major role for accessory mineral fractionation that is not observed in volcanic rocks of equivalent composition. Considerations of the rheology of granitic magma suggest that accessory-mineral fractionation may occur primarily by filter-pressing evolved magmas from crystal-rich melts. More limited accessory-mineral crystallization and fractionation during evolution of the volcanic magmas may have resulted from markedly lower diffusivities of essential trace elements than major elements. Accessory-mineral fractionation probably becomes most significant at high crystallinities. The contrast in crystallization environments postulated for the extrusive and intrusive rocks may be common to other magmatic systems; the effects are particularly pronounced in highly evolved rocks of the Latir field. High-SiO2 peralkaline porphyry emplaced during resurgence of the Questa caldera represents non-erupted portions of the magma that produced the Amalia Tuff during caldera-forming eruption. The peralkaline porphyry continues compositional and mineralogical trends found in the tuff. Amphibole, mica, and sphene compositions suggest that the peralkaline magma evolved from metaluminous magma. Extensive feldspar fractionation occurred during evolution of the peralkaline magmas, but additional alkali and iron enrichment was likely a result of high halogen fluxes from crystallizing plutons and basaltic magmas at depth.  相似文献   

18.
The Mount Stuart batholith is a Late Cretaceous calc-alkaline pluton composed of rocks ranging in composition from two-pyroxene gabbro to granite. Quartz diorite is most abundant. This batholith may represent the plutonic counterpart of the high-alumina basalt association. A petrogenetic model is developed in which this intrusive series evolved from one batch of magnesian high-alumina basalt, represented by the oldest intrusive phase, by successive crystal fractionation of ascending residual magma. However, the possibility that this intrusive suite originated from an andésite (quartz diorite) parent by fractionation cannot be excluded.Computer modeling of this intrusive sequence provides a quantitative evaluation of the sequential change of magma composition. These calculations clearly indicate that the igneous suite is consanguineous, and that subtraction of early-formed crystals from the oldest rock is capable of reproducing the entire magma series with a remainder of 2–3% granitic liquid. This model requires that large amounts of gabbroic cumulate remain hidden at depth- an amount equal to approximately 8–10X the volume of the exposed batholith. Mass balances between the amounts of cumulate and residual liquid calculated compare favorably with the observed amounts of intermediate rocks exposed in the batholith, but not with the mafic rocks.Mafic magmas probably fractionated at depth by crystal settling, whereas younger quartz diorite and more granitic magmas underwent inward crystallization producing gradationally zoned plutons exposed at present erosional levels.  相似文献   

19.
The Cordillera del Paine pluton in the southernmost Andes of Chile represents a deeply dissected magma chamber where mafic magma intruded into crystallizing granitic magma. Throughout much of the 10x15 km pluton, there is a sharp and continuous boundary at a remarkably constant elevation of 1,100 m that separates granitic rocks (Cordillera del Paine or CP granite: 69–77% SiO2) which make up the upper levels of the pluton from mafic and comingled rocks (Paine Mafic Complex or PMC: 45–60% SiO2) which dominate the lower exposures of the pluton. Chilled, crenulate, disrupted contacts of mafic rock against granite demonstrate that partly crystallized granite was intruded by mafic magma which solidified prior to complete crystallization of the granitic magma. The boundary at 1,100 m was a large and stable density contrast between the denser, hotter mafic magma and cooler granitic magma. The granitic magma was more solidified near the margins of the chamber when mafic intrusion occurred, and the PMC is less disrupted by granites there. Near the pluton margins, the PMC grades upward irregularly from cumulate gabbros to monzodiorites. Mafic magma differentiated largely by fractional crystallization as indicated by the presence of cumulate rocks and by the low levels of compatible elements in most PMC rocks. The compositional gap between the PMC and CP granite indicates that mixing (blending) of granitic magma into the mafic magma was less important, although it is apparent from mineral assemblages in mafic rocks. Granitic magma may have incorporated small amounts of mafic liquid that had evolved to >60% SiO2 by crystallization. Mixing was inhibited by the extent of crystallization of the granite, and by the thermal contrast and the stable density contrast between the magmas. PMC gabbros display disequilibrium mineral assemblages including early formed zoned olivine (with orthopyroxene coronas), clinopyroxene, calcic plagioclase and paragasite and later-formed amphibole, sodic plagioclase, mica and quartz. The early formed gabbroic minerals (and their coronas) are very similar to phenocrysts in late basaltic dikes that cut the upper levels of the CP granite. The inferred parental magmas of both dikes and gabbros were very similar to subalkaline basalts of the Patagonian Plateau that erupted at about the same time, 35 km to the east. Mafic and silicic magmas at Cordillera del Paine are consanguineous, as demonstrated by alkalinity and trace-element ratios. However, the contemporaneity of mafic and silicic magmas precludes a parent-daughter relationship. The granitic magma most likely was derived by differentiation of mafic magmas that were similar to those that later intruded it. Or, the granitic magma may have been contaminated by mafic magmas similar to the PMC magmas before its shallow emplacement. Mixing would be favored at deeper levels when the cooling rate was lower and the granitic magma was less solidified.  相似文献   

20.
伍皓  夏彧  周恳恳  张建军 《岩石学报》2020,36(2):589-600
锆石的U-Pb测年、Hf和O同位素及稀土、微量元素的研究与应用已获得诸多进展,但锆石中铀含量所蕴藏的地质意义却较少被关注。华南花岗岩型铀矿床的铀源一直存在争议,不同观点认为其分别来自早期已固结地质体、分异岩浆、地幔柱或热点以及U、Th、K富集圈。为尝试利用锆石中的铀含量来追索铀源,本文通过搜集诸广山南体花岗岩锆石U-Pb同位素测年文献,掌握了该花岗岩中14个岩体、37件样品、3种岩性,共467个锆石定年数据。通过数据分析发现印支期(253Ma、244Ma)和燕山期(139Ma、124Ma)具高分异特征的4件酸性岩脉(小岩体)样品中锆石的铀含量明显高于同期岩体。依据铀矿床中高分异酸性岩脉(小岩体)侵位期、基性岩脉侵位期、铀成矿早期(140~90Ma)三者的良好对应关系,结合这一锆石铀含量指示,初步认为华南花岗岩型铀矿床中铀可能主要来自高分异花岗岩浆;推测花岗岩型铀成矿可能属壳幔混合作用结果,即铀源来自地壳分异岩浆,成矿流体和矿化剂主要来自地幔,而成矿空间受断裂系统控制。岩体锆石铀含量或可在铀源丰度、矿床品位判别等方面发挥积极作用。  相似文献   

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