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1.
北祁连早古生代花岗质岩浆作用及构造演化   总被引:29,自引:14,他引:15  
北祁连山中段花岗岩锆石SHRIMP定年结果表明,柯柯里岩体的斜长花岗岩和石英闪长岩的年龄分别为512Ma和501 Ma,野马咀和金佛寺花岗岩的年龄分别为508Ma和424Ma。结合区内其它花岗岩体的定年资料,根据花岗岩的岩石地球化学特征及岩体产出的构造位置、区域地质资料等,我们认为,早古生代北祁连洋板块向南俯冲,至少引发了两期花岗质岩浆作用,第一次岩浆作用形成柯柯里斜长花岗岩(512Ma)、野马咀花岗岩(508Ma)和柯柯里石英闪长岩(501 Ma),第二次花岗质岩浆作用形成牛心山花岗岩(477Ma)。由于往南俯冲的板块受到柴达木板块向北俯冲的影响,俯冲受阻,继而俯冲极性发生变化,转向北俯冲,形成了民乐窑沟(463Ma)等花岗岩侵入体。大约440Ma之后,洋盆闭合,柴达木陆块和阿拉善陆块对接碰撞,形成北祁连造山带。由于造山带根部岩石圈发生折沉作用,造山带上不同的块体伸展、滑塌,形成一系列碰撞后花岗岩如金佛寺花岗岩(424Ma)及牛心山岩体的石英闪长岩(435Ma)等。  相似文献   

2.
柳长峰  刘文灿  周志广 《地质学报》2014,88(6):992-1002
通过对内蒙古四子王旗地区近年来获得的古生代—早中生代侵入岩锆石U-Pb及少量Rb-Sr测年结果的分析,认为该区古生代—早中生代至少经历了奥陶纪、石炭纪—早二叠世、中晚二叠世以及三叠纪等4期明显的岩浆作用过程。奥陶纪岩浆活动时限在508~454Ma,出露面积少,岩性主要为闪长岩、石英闪长岩,经历较强的变质变形作用。石炭纪—早二叠世岩浆活动时限在331~299Ma,分布面积最少,岩石组合为辉长岩、闪长岩及石英闪长岩,有弱变形或未变形。中晚二叠世岩浆活动时限为271~253Ma,出露面积最大,岩石组合有富含暗色包体的花岗闪长岩、正长花岗岩、二长花岗岩及少量的角闪正长岩。三叠纪岩浆活动时限为250~224Ma,出露面积较大,岩石组合有白云母花岗岩、二长花岗岩及碱性岩。这些广泛分布的多期次岩浆活动表明四子王旗地区在此期间经历了复杂的岩浆及构造作用过程。奥陶纪岩浆活动和石炭纪—早二叠世岩浆活动可能与古亚洲洋多次俯冲作用相关。中晚二叠世岩浆活动可能与西伯利亚板块和华北板块的碰撞作用有关。三叠纪岩浆活动与造山后伸展作用及岩石圈拆沉有关。  相似文献   

3.
东天山地区古生代的构造格局一直是地质界争议的问题之一.本文对阿其克库都克断裂南侧花岗岩和花岗闪长岩2个岩体进行锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年,分别获得318Ma±5Ma和350Ma±7Ma的206Pb/238U表面年龄,综合分析岩体结构及锆石的矿物学特征,将上述2个年龄分别解释为所研究的花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的侵位年龄.通过对已有资料的综合研究,得出如下结论:①中天山地区在古生代期间的构造背景为类似安第斯型的活动陆缘或岛弧链,其形成与南天山洋盆岩石圈板块向北的俯冲作用有关;②花岗闪长岩锆石中还保留有继承锆石的信息,表明研究区存在老于503Ma±9 Ma的基底物质;③研究区内沿阿其克库都克断裂右行走滑变形事件的下限时间是350Ma±7Ma,很可能发生在石炭纪以后.  相似文献   

4.
北祁连洋早古生代双向俯冲的花岗岩证据   总被引:21,自引:5,他引:21       下载免费PDF全文
笔者主要对北祁连山中段的牛心山岩体、民乐窑沟岩体进行了锆石SHRIMP定年研究。结果表明:牛心山花岗岩的年龄为476Ma,民乐窑沟花岗闪长岩的年龄为463Ma。岩石地球化学显示.两岩体均具有大陆活动边缘的岩浆作用特征,结合岩体产出的区域构造位置及区域地质资料,笔者认为早古生代北祁连洋板块分别发生了向南、向北俯冲,其中向南俯冲形成牛心山花岗岩(476Ma),向北俯冲,形成了民乐窑沟花岗岩侵入体(463Ma)。  相似文献   

5.
山东胶东矿集区燕山期构造热事件与金矿成矿耦合探讨   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
于学峰  李洪奎  单伟 《地质学报》2012,86(12):1946-1956
中生代胶东地区有2次重要的碰撞造山事件,印支造山作用主要表现为扬子板块向华北板块俯冲,形成苏鲁高压—超高压变质带,同造山花岗岩及后造山高碱正长岩;燕山造山作用的大陆动力学环境起源于中亚-特提斯构造域向滨太平洋构造域转化和太平洋板块的俯冲,在胶东地区表现为3次造山和2次伸展.本文基于汇集的71个SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素年龄,并参考前人已有划分方案,提出胶东地区燕山期花岗岩年代格架:160~150Ma玲珑-昆嵛山花岗岩侵位,130~126Ma郭家岭花岗闪长岩形成,120~110Ma伟德山花岗闪长岩-花岗岩侵位,110~100Ma崂山A型晶洞过碱性碱长花岗岩侵位,代表燕山运动的结束;区内3期金矿成矿事件(150Ma、120~110Ma和100Ma~90Ma)则与玲珑、郭家岭和伟德山岩体的构造-岩浆热事件相耦合.胶东地区构造-岩浆事件和金矿成矿作用受控于特提斯、古亚洲洋和太平洋3大构造域的相互作用,金矿形成的动力学背景是中生代构造体制转折和岩石圈减薄,起因与太平洋板块向华北板块的俯冲机制有关.  相似文献   

6.
皖南地区青阳-九华山复式岩体的成因   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
范羽  周涛发  张达玉  袁峰  范裕  任志 《岩石学报》2016,32(2):419-438
复式岩体是指不同时代花岗岩类侵入体在空间上的共生。对复式岩体的研究,有助于了解不同时代花岗岩类的形成和分布与构造演化的关系,从而阐明花岗岩浆侵入、定位的机制。皖南地区广泛发育燕山期复式岩体,本文对该区最大和最具代表性的青阳-九华山复式岩体的地质概况、成岩年代和地球化学特征进行研究,探讨复式岩体的成因和侵位机制。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,该复式岩体从早到晚四个阶段岩浆岩年龄分别为第一阶段花岗闪长岩143.3±1.0Ma,第二阶段二长花岗岩137.6±1.5Ma,第三阶段钾长花岗岩131.3±1.2Ma,第四阶段花岗斑岩132.0±2.0Ma。所有岩石均属于高钾钙碱性、准铝质-弱过铝质系列,从花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩-钾长花岗岩-花岗斑岩显示出由钙碱性向碱性过渡的特征,并具有向富K、Si和贫Ca、Mg、Fe演化的趋势。该复式岩体源自同一个初始岩浆房,不同阶段岩浆沿相同的通道先后上升侵位至相邻空间叠加形成复式岩体的格局,这也是本区此类复式岩体的形成机制。早期形成的花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩主要源自下地壳岩石的部分熔融,而晚期岩浆房中加入了较早期更多的底侵幔源岩浆,并与之完全混合,在上升侵位过程中经历了更强的分离结晶和地壳同化混染作用,形成钾长花岗岩-花岗斑岩。早期的花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩形成与晚侏罗世古太平洋板块的俯冲作用密切相关,晚期钾长花岗岩-花岗斑岩形成于陆内拉张环境,反映出研究区从与太平洋板块俯冲有关的挤压环境向陆内岩石圈伸展环境的转变。  相似文献   

7.
张朋  赵岩  寇林林  沙德铭  毕中伟  杨凤超 《地球科学》2019,44(10):3297-3313
为了确定辽东半岛丹东地区中生代花岗岩岩石类型、成岩时代及其形成构造背景.选取三股流岩体、五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体开展岩相学、锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和锆石Hf同位素地球化学研究.结果表明:三股流岩体由花岗闪长岩、似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩组成,后两者成岩年龄分别为137.2±1.2 Ma和123.2±1.3 Ma;丁岐山岩体由中细粒碱长花岗岩、石英正长岩和石英二长岩组成,获得中细粒碱长花岗岩成岩年龄为121.1±1.5 Ma;五龙背岩体由中粗粒二长花岗岩组成,成岩年龄为146.8±0.8 Ma.元素和同位素地球化学特征表明,三股流岩体的花岗闪长岩为钾玄岩系列,似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩以及五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体均为高钾钙碱性,3个岩体不同岩石类型的A/CNK均小于1.1,为I型花岗岩;岩体均富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素,具Eu负异常;εHf(t)值为-22.40~-9.77,两阶段Hf模式年龄TDM2为2 999~1 915 Ma,揭示三股流岩体、五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体可能是古元古代古老地壳部分熔融形成.结合区域构造演化认为三股流岩体、五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体均形成于活动大陆边缘,五龙背岩体形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲挤压的构造背景,三股流岩体和丁岐山岩体形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲后的伸展环境.   相似文献   

8.
黑河新生地区位于大、小兴安岭的结合部,其早白垩世岩浆活动频繁,主要岩石类型为花岗斑岩、花岗闪长岩。地球化学特征显示这些岩石为高钾钙碱性系列的I 型花岗岩,富集大离子亲石元素 ( LILE) 而亏损高场强元素( HFSE) 。LA--ICPMS 锆石U--Pb 年龄测定结果表明,花岗斑岩的形成时代为118. 1 ± 1. 5 Ma,花岗闪长岩的形成时代为112. 8 ± 0. 9 Ma,这与该区广泛分布的早白垩世火山岩形成时代一致。Hf 同位素成分特征表明,岩体的源岩为中-新元古代时期由亏损地幔起源的火成岩。结合岩石学特征和邻区其他地质资料,认为黑河新生地区早白垩世花岗岩的形成与古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关。  相似文献   

9.
北祁连西段花岗质岩体的锆石U—Pb年龄报道   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
通过对北祁连西段野牛滩花岗质岩体中花岗闪长岩和黑云母花岗岩的锆石U-Pb测年,获得206Pb/238U表面年龄统计权重平均值为459.6±2.5Ma,表明其形成于板块俯冲晚期。与之有关的塔儿沟和小柳沟是世界上形成于板块俯冲环境为数不多的大型钨矿床。黑云母花岗岩的锆石U-Pb不一致曲线的下交点年龄为183.1±3.8Ma可能示意北祁连山地区叠加有燕山期地质事件。  相似文献   

10.
老山口铁铜金矿区位于准噶尔北缘的喀拉通克—卡拉先格尔成矿带南段,矿化与岩浆侵入活动有关。本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法对老山口铁铜金矿区的中粒闪长岩、正长岩、黑云母闪长岩和闪长玢岩进行了年代学研究,获得其年龄分别为353.8±1.9Ma、366.3±1.9Ma、3±2.3Ma和379.7±3Ma,表明矿区存在三期岩浆活动。其中黑云母闪长岩和闪长玢岩的年龄,在误差范围内一致,它们可能为中泥盆世同源岩浆演化的产物,且岩体侵入时代与准噶尔洋俯冲阶段花岗岩及卡拉先格尔斑岩铜矿带含矿斑岩年龄较一致,表明其可能是板块俯冲阶段的产物。闪长岩和正长岩的年龄分别为353.8±1.9Ma和366.3±1.9Ma,与东准噶尔北部青格里河下游一带后碰撞花岗岩类和布尔根一带后造山伸展A型花岗岩的年龄接近,而地球化学特征却存在差异,说明老山口正长岩和闪长岩体是俯冲晚期阶段的产物。根据地质特征,老山口铁铜金矿的形成与闪长岩及闪长玢岩侵入有关,因此岩体年龄也限定了矿区存在两期铁铜金矿化,即379Ma左右和354Ma左右。  相似文献   

11.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

12.
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

13.
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

14.
Most sulfide-rich magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits form in dynamic magmatic systems by partial melting S-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren to weakly-mineralized immiscible Fe sulfide xenomelts into which Ni-Cu-Co-PGE partition from the magma. Some exceptionally-thick magmatic Cr deposits may form by partial melting oxide-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of the miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren Fe ± Ti oxide xenocrysts into which Cr-Mg-V ± Ti partition from the magma. The products of these processes are variably preserved as skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles, which play important to critical roles in ore genesis, transport, localization, and/or modification. Incorporation of barren xenoliths/autoliths may induce small amounts of sulfide/chromite to segregate, but incorporation of sulfide xenomelts or oxide xenocrysts with dynamic upgrading of metal tenors (PGE > Cu > Ni > Co and Cr > V > Ti, respectively) is required to make significant ore deposits. Silicate xenomelts are only rarely preserved, but will be variably depleted in chalcophile and ferrous metals. Less dense felsic xenoliths may aid upward sulfide transport by increasing the effective viscosity and decreasing the bulk density of the magma. Denser mafic or metamorphosed xenoliths may also increase the effective viscosity of the magma, but may aid downward sulfide transport by increasing the bulk density of the magma. Sulfide wets olivine, so olivine xenocrysts may act as filter beds to collect advected finely dispersed sulfide droplets, but other silicates and xenoliths may not be wetted by sulfides. Xenovolatiles may retard settling of – or in some cases float – dense sulfide droplets. Reactions of sulfide melts with felsic country rocks may generate Fe-rich skarns that may allow sulfide melts to fractionate to more extreme Cu-Ni-rich compositions. Xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles are more likely to be preserved in cooler basaltic magmas than in hotter komatiitic magmas, and are more likely to be preserved in less dynamic (less turbulent) systems/domain/phases than in more dynamic (more turbulent) systems/domains/phases. Massive to semi-massive Ni-Cu-PGE and Cr mineralization and xenoliths are often localized within footwall embayments, dilations/jogs in dikes, throats of magma conduits, and the horizontal segments of dike-chonolith and dike-sill complexes, which represent fluid dynamic traps for both ascending and descending sulfides/oxides. If skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and/or xenovolatiles are present, they provide important constraints on ore genesis and they are valuable exploration indicators, but they must be included in elemental and isotopic mass balance calculations.  相似文献   

15.
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.  相似文献   

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This paper discusses the result of the detailed investigations carried out on the coal characteristics, including coal petrography and its geochemistry of the Pabedana region. A total of 16 samples were collected from four coal seams d2, d4, d5, and d6 of the Pabedana underground mine which is located in the central part of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent. These samples were reduced to four samples through composite sampling of each seam and were analyzed for their petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical compositions. Proximate analysis data of the Pabedana coals indicate no major variations in the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon contents in the coals of different seams. Based on sulfur content, the Pabedana coals may be classified as low-sulfur coals. The low-sulfur contents in the Pabedana coal and relatively low proportion of pyritic sulfur suggest a possible fresh water environment during the deposition of the peat of the Pabedana coal. X-ray diffraction and petrographic analyses indicate the presence of pyrite in coal samples. The Pabedana coals have been classified as a high volatile, bituminous coal in accordance with the vitrinite reflectance values (58.75–74.32 %) and other rank parameters (carbon, calorific value, and volatile matter content). The maceral analysis and reflectance study suggest that the coals in all the four seams are of good quality with low maceral matter association. Mineralogical investigations indicate that the inorganic fraction in the Pabedana coal samples is dominated by carbonates; thus, constituting the major inorganic fraction of the coal samples. Illite, kaolinite, muscovite, quartz, feldspar, apatite, and hematite occur as minor or trace phases. The variation in major elements content is relatively narrow between different coal seams. Elements Sc,, Zr, Ga, Ge, La, As, W, Ce, Sb, Nb, Th, Pb, Se, Tl, Bi, Hg, Re, Li, Zn, Mo, and Ba show varying negative correlation with ash yield. These elements possibly have an organic affinity and may be present as primary biological concentrations either with tissues in living condition and/or through sorption and formation of organometallic compounds.  相似文献   

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《Chemical Geology》2007,236(1-2):13-26
We examined the coprecipitation behavior of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides under two different fluoride forming conditions: at < 70 °C in an ultrasonic bath (denoted as the ultrasonic method) and at 245 °C using a Teflon bomb (denoted as the bomb method). In the ultrasonic method, small amounts of Ti, Mo and Sn coprecipitation were observed with 100% Ca and 100% Mg fluorides. No coprecipitation of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides occurred when the sample was decomposed by the bomb method except for 100% Ca fluoride. Based on our coprecipitation observations, we have developed a simultaneous determination method for B, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Hf and Ta by Q-pole type ICP-MS (ICP-QMS) and sector field type ICP-MS (ICP-SFMS). 9–50 mg of samples with Zr–Mo–Sn–Sb–Hf spikes were decomposed by HF using the bomb method and the ultrasonic method with B spike. The sample was then evaporated and re-dissolved into 0.5 mol l 1 HF, followed by the removal of fluorides by centrifuging. B, Zr, Mo, Sn, Sb and Hf were measured by ID method. Nb and Ta were measured by the ID-internal standardization method, based on Nb/Mo and Ta/Mo ratios using ICP-QMS, for which pseudo-FI was developed and applied. When 100% recovery yields of Zr and Hf are expected, Nb/Zr and Ta/Hf ratios may also be used. Ti was determined by the ID-internal standardization method, based on the Ti/Nb ratio from ICP-SFMS. Only 0.053 ml sample solution was required for measurement of all 9 elements. Dilution factors of ≤ 340 were aspirated without matrix effects. To demonstrate the applicability of our method, 4 carbonaceous chondrites (Ivuna, Orgueil, Cold Bokkeveld and Allende) as well as GSJ and USGS silicate reference materials of basalts, andesites and peridotites were analyzed. Our analytical results are consistent with previous studies, and the mean reproducibility of each element is 1.0–4.6% for basalts and andesites, and 6.7–11% for peridotites except for TiO2.  相似文献   

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