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1.
桂北—湘南中生代玄武质岩石及其深源包体的地球化学性质和岩石成因探讨 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
桂北-湘南中生代玄武质岩石中含有丰富的深源包体，它们分别为橄榄岩、变形的辉长岩和中酸性片麻岩三大类，本文在论述上述岩石地球化学性质的基础上，探讨了它们之间的成因关系；寄主的中生代玄武质岩石为地幔楣榄岩部分熔融的产物，与辉长岩和中酸性片麻岩并无成因联系，后者属偶然包体，值得注意的是，深源包体中的变形辉长岩与片麻岩之间为分离结晶的成因关系，它们均为元古宙壳、幔间底侵玄武质岩浆的演化产物，其中辉长岩为底侵岩浆的堆积相，而片麻岩则为底侵岩浆经历分离结晶的堆积作用之后所剩下的残余岩浆的变质产物。 相似文献
2.
在中国东南部,以往报道获得的深部样品是玄武质岩石中的捕虏体,而笔者发现的是在广东汕头梅花农场附近煌斑岩脉中的辉长岩质包体。该处距离已发现辉长岩质麻粒岩、橄榄岩、辉石岩等包体的广东普宁麒鳞玄武质角砾岩筒仅28公里。辉长岩包体由斜长石、单斜辉石组成,一般大小在0.2~0.6cm左右,虽然产在煌斑岩中,但包体显示辉长结构,自形—半自形的辉石和斜长石紧密接触交生,具有原生近于等粒的粒状结构。包体发育多种变形构造,如双晶纹弯曲或被错断、折断,应力绢云母化等,并可见糜棱岩化现象。汕头梅花农场辉长岩质包体的特征与非洲大裂谷亚的斯亚贝巴南部Akaki-Duncon地区一个火山链玄武岩中的辉长岩俘虏体类似。 相似文献
3.
华北地台麻粒岩包体（汉诺坝）与麻粒岩地体（西望山、蔓菁沟）存在明显的岩石地球化学特征差异，麻粒岩包体总体成分偏基性，麻粒岩地体总体成分偏长英质。形成时间、空间及构造背景的不同是造成成分差异的重要因素。汉诺坝麻粒岩包体是在拉线环境下玄武质岩浆底侵下地壳后结晶分异过程中堆晶作用的结果，其主、微量元素成分受控于辉石和斜长石堆晶的相对比例；下地壳物质的混染作用不是造成麻粒岩包体Nb、Ta、Th、U亏损的惟一因素，底侵的玄武质岩浆可能发生了含钛矿物相的结晶分离，造成了汉诺坝麻粒岩包体Nb、Ta亏损，而下地壳的麻粒岩相变质作用则使Th、U发生亏损。麻粒岩地体存在两种不同性质的微量元素组成，反映了两种不同构造环境的并置，是构造挤压抬升的结晶。 相似文献
4.
两广交界地区花岗岩中包体的类型，特征与成因 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
据包体岩相学及矿物学研究，包体岩石为角闪岩相到麻粒岩相的副变质岩，岩石类型有麻粒岩，变粒岩，片麻岩和富云包体，角闪岩相包体形成的温度为633度，压力为460Mpa-550MPa，麻粒岩包体形成的温度为781－883度，压力为530MPa-710MPa，包体为部分熔融形成寄主花岗岩岩浆的源区岩石列余，其中大容－十万大山地区角闪岩相－ 麻粒岩相包体岩石为区域动热变质成因；云开大山地区麻粒岩包体岩石为热穹隆变质成因。 相似文献
5.
我国东南沿海新生代玄武岩中两类超镁铁岩包体的成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我国东南沿海粤、闽、浙、苏、皖诸省广泛分布新生代玄武岩。本文目的在于,研究包裹于碱性玄武质岩石中的两类超镁铁岩深源包体的矿物岩石学和地球化学,进而讨论包体的起源和成因。这二类深源包体是:一,橄榄岩类包体,又称绿色包体,以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为主,分布遍及全区,主要产地见表1脚注;兼有石榴石二辉橄榄岩,见于浙江巨县和福建明溪。二,辉石岩类包体,又称黑色包体,以二辉岩和单斜辉石岩为主,伴生辉长岩和角闪石岩,主要见于广东普宁麒麟。 相似文献
6.
内蒙古赤峰柴胡栏子金矿基性麻粒岩包体特征及其成矿动力学意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
柴胡栏子金矿位于华北板块北缘,属中温热液蚀变岩型金矿。金成矿与矿区北部的早中生代辉石闪长岩体有密切关系。在辉石闪长岩体内发育大量包体,可以分为基性麻粒岩和角闪岩两类包体。包体的地球化学、形成温压条件表明基性岩包体为来源于大陆下地壳的基性麻粒岩包体,来源深度大约相当于下地壳中部-中上部位置,为早中生代时期底侵作用的产物。角闪岩包体来源于下地壳上部-中地壳下部位置,被上升岩浆带至地壳浅部。包体和寄主岩石具有相似的地球化学和氧、铅、锶、钕同位素特征,说明二者具有相同的岩浆来源。基性麻粒岩包体为底侵作用早期形成的堆晶岩受到后续岩浆的烘烤发生麻粒岩化形成。基性麻粒岩和寄主岩石辉石闪长岩与金矿床形成的密切时空关系显示底侵作用对柴胡栏子金矿含矿流体形成、运移和矿质富集有重要控制作用,其中 H2O和CO2等挥发性组分对控制流体形成和演化有至关重要作用。基性麻粒岩包体发育为成柴胡栏子金矿成矿物质来源于深部提供了有力的证据。 相似文献
7.
中国东南部下地壳物质与花岗岩成因探索 总被引：46，自引：6，他引：40
在中国东南部中－新生代玄武质岩石中陆续找到了来自下地壳的辉长岩质麻粒岩／辉长岩深源捕掳体。本文着重研究了沿海地区广东麒麟新生代玄武质角砾岩筒中的辉长岩质麻粒岩捕掳体,并与内陆湖南道县早中生代玄武质角砾岩筒中的辉长岩、花岗片麻岩捕掳体作了比较。研究表明,辉长岩质麻粒岩是底侵作用形成的基性岩浆底垫于下地壳,并经变质作用的产物。底侵作用是重要的壳－幔作用过程,也是中国东南大陆边缘陆壳演化的重要过程。Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素定年显示,中国东南大陆边缘底侵作用物质在地壳底部的结晶年龄约为１１２．３±１７．８Ｍａ,属晚中生代时期。此外,底侵作用在不同大地构造域的发育程度是不一致的,底侵作用发育强弱的标志是基性火山岩是否发育、壳幔型花岗岩是否广泛产出 相似文献
8.
宁远─道县地区中生代玄武岩中辉长岩包体的岩石化学─地球化学特征表明，辉长岩包体为钙碱性玄武岩系列，形成于活动大陆边缘火山孤环境。辉长岩的形成、侵位，与菲律宾板块自中生代以来向中国大陆俯冲作用有关。 相似文献
9.
本文对湘赣交界地区发育的万洋山岩体进行锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和岩石学、地球化学分析。该岩体由英云闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成,本次主要讨论英云闪长岩及其中发育的石英闪长岩包体,并获得英云闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为438.0±3.0 Ma,石英闪长岩包体的锆石U-Pb年龄为425.6±3.1 Ma,为晚志留世。英云闪长岩矿物组合为斜长石、钾长石、黑云母、石英以及少量的角闪石、磁铁矿和榍石;地球化学特征显示为低硅、准铝质及钙碱性的花岗岩,在岩石类型判别图解中为I型花岗岩。石英闪长岩包体为细粒结构,矿物组合为角闪石、斜长石、黑云母、石英及少量辉石,表明岩石包体是岩浆成因的;包体中存在异常共生矿物斜长石斑晶、针状磷灰石,CIPW标准矿物计算中未出现刚玉分子,地球化学组成显示其具有低硅、低碱、准铝质的钙碱性岩类特征;包体还表现为富Mg、Fe以及高Mg#值(45~50),显示出包体高镁、偏基性的特征;包体与寄主岩稀土元素配分模式图和微量元素蛛网图分布特征基本一致,表明二者在成因上相关联。石英闪长岩包体分异指数DI=45~48与辉长岩接近,SiO_2含量略高于辉长岩,表明石英闪长岩包体源于上地幔基性辉长质岩浆、经岩浆混合演化形成。英云闪长岩显示为岛弧岩浆岩、具有活动大陆边缘岩浆岩特征,结合英云闪长岩的岩石类型、岩石包体成因认为:万洋山岩体可能是扬子板块与华夏板块在俯冲消减的地球动力学背景下,软流圈地幔上涌,诱发岩石圈地幔和上覆的古老地壳物质重熔,形成以壳源为主、壳幔混合成因的花岗岩。 相似文献
10.
结合在实际工作中的体会,提出和讨论了“地球深部包体与成矿关系”这一有意义的研究方向及其先导性科学问题。地球深部包体中镍、金、钼、钨等成矿元素的含量是不均一的,镍和金在地幔岩包体中含量最高,钼在玄武岩及镁铁质麻粒岩包体中最高,而钨在长英质麻粒岩和花岗岩类包体中含量最高。这些反映岩石圈和软流圈以及岩石圈的不同层次中镍、金、钼、钨等成矿元素的含量不均一,分别提供了地壳中镍、金、钼、钨矿床的初始物质来源。这一认识可能给镍、金、钼、钨等金属矿床和矿床集中区的战略预测提供一些新思路。 相似文献
11.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1067-1081
We report on a recent finding of granulitic and gabbroic xenoliths in the Rincon de Parangueo and La Cintura maars, within the Valle de Santiago volcanic field. The field is formed by several maars, cinder cones, and shield volcanoes and is located at the northern sector of the extensive Michoacan-Guanajuato volcanic field, characterized by abundant Neogene cinder cones and medium-sized shield volcanoes. The maars are distributed along a belt elongated NW-SE, apparently related to a regional fault system that has been documented in the west-central sector of the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt (TMVB). Two types of xenoliths have been distinguished—i.e., hypersthene-diopside granulites and gabbroic xenoliths—which are present in the Rincon de Parangueo and La Cintura maars, respectively. The silica content in the granulites has a narrow range between 46.9 and 50.9 wt%, plagioclase crystals are fractured and display reaction borders, and crystals appear to have grown slowly and show no compositional zoning. Silica in the gabbroic xenoliths ranges from 45.7 to 47.5 wt%. Chemical composition is similar to mafic and intermediate orthogneiss xenoliths from the San Luis Potosi maars of the Central Mexican Altiplano. An Sm/Nd model age for the granulitic xenoliths from Rincon de Parangueo maar of 1.5 Ga supports the presence of a Precambrian lower crust. This finding challenges current models of crustal structure in central and western Mexico. The Valle de Santiago field represents the westernmost lower-crustal xenolith locality reported thus far. It lies within the Guerrero terrane that has been considered as a collage of island arcs built on oceanic lithosphere and accreted to the North American plate during late Mesozoic time. Our results support a composite nature for the Guerrero terrane and extend the limit of possible granulitic lower continental crust farther to the west of the Central Altiplano province, beneath the TMVB, than currently considered (i.e., to the east of the Guerrero terrane). 相似文献
12.
A. Leyreloup J. L. Bodinier C. Dupuy J. Dostal 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1982,79(1):68-75
Granulitic xenoliths, enclosed in Neogene alkali basalts from the Atakor and Adrar N'Addjer volcanic massifs in Central Hoggar, southern Algeria, include mafic metaigneous and felsic metasedimentary rocks. The main mineral phases of metaigneous xenoliths are plagioclase and pyroxenes whereas quartz, feldspars, sillimanite, garnet and sapphirine occur in metasedimentary granulites. The metaigneous xenoliths represent a magmatic sequence of cumulitic and non-cumulitic rocks which resembles gabbroic bodies associated with anorthosites and has calc-alkaline affinities. Similar types and distributions of granulitic xenoliths are widespread and are probably characteristic of the lower crust in general, suggesting its homogeneity on a large scale but heterogencity on a local scale. 相似文献
13.
Xenolith suites from Permian host rocks in Orkney and the extreme NE of the Scottish mainland (Duncansby Ness) are described and compared to those from elsewhere in the Northern Highlands Terrane. Those from the Tingwall dyke, Orkney, comprise roughly equal proportions of ultramafic rocks (wehrlites, clinopyroxenites, websterites, hornblendites) and mafic to felsic rocks (gabbroic, noritic and dioritic granulites, with subordinate tonalites and trondhjemites). Those from Duncansby (45 km to the south) are dominantly olivine-poor ultramafic rocks (clinopyroxenites, pargasite pyroxenites, biotite-pyroxenites), together with granulites grading from gabbroic through to tonalites and trondhjemites. Most of the granulites are meta-igneous, comprising plagioclase and one- or two-pyroxene species with equilibration temperatures of 810-710 °C, and are regarded as samples of the lower crust. Absence of garnet and olivine, together with the association of relatively sodic plagioclase and aluminous pyroxenes, is consistent with derivation from depths corresponding to 5-10 kbar. Positive Eu anomalies in the granulites imply that most originated as plagioclase-rich cumulates from basaltic magmas. Scarce peraluminous quartzo-feldspathic xenoliths, such as a garnet-sillimanite-bearing sample from Duncansby, are regarded as metasedimentary in origin. Pyroxenes (and biotites) in the ultramafic xenoliths tend to have higher mg numbers than those of the granulites, reflecting higher temperatures of formation. Whereas the pyroxene-rich ultramafic rocks may be partly interleaved with the granulites in the lower crust, it is concluded that they also constitute a zone of substantial thickness at or around Moho level, separating the granulites from underlying peridotites, and that they originated as cumulates cognate to the granulites. They have, however, been variably metasomatised with formation of amphibole. This zone may constitute a density trap at which melt fractions, rich in K, Fe, Ti and OH and ascending from the asthenosphere, interact with the ultramafic cumulates, modifying them texturally and modally to produce a complex veined assemblage of clinopyroxene- and pargasite-rich rocks. The metasomatism involved an increase in LREE, HFSE and LILE contents. Some modal and cryptic metasomatism may also have affected the granulites, accounting for the presence of amphibole and relatively high LREE/HREE values (La/Lu 38-206). Since closely comparable xenolith assemblages also occur in Mull at the southwestern extremity of the Northern Highland Terrane, such metasomatised olivine- and orthopyroxene-deficient ultramafic rocks may characterise the shallowest part of the mantle beneath the entire terrane. The strongly bimodal character of the xenolith populations (either ultramafic or mafic grading to felsic) is taken to reflect the sharpness of the petrological Moho in this region. 相似文献
14.
Jane Selverstone 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1982,79(1):28-36
Granulite xenoliths within alkali olivine basalts of the Pali-Aike volcanic field, southern Chile, contain the mineral assemblage orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + olivine + green spinel. These granulites are thought to be accidental inclusions of the lower crust incorporated in the mantle-derived basalt during its rise to the surface. Symplectic intergrowths of pyroxene and spinel developed between olivine and plagioclase imply that the reaction olivine+plagioclase = Al-orthopyroxene + Al-clinopyroxene + spinel (1) occurred during subsolidus cooling and recrystallization of a gabbroic protolith of the granulites.Examination of fluid inclusions in the granulites indicates the ubiquitous presence of an essentially pure CO2 fluid phase. Inclusions of three different parageneses have been recognized: Type I inclusions occur along exsolution lamellae in clinopyroxene and are thought to represent precipitation of structurally-bound C or CO2 during cooling of the gabbro. These are considered the most primary inclusions present. Type II inclusions occur as evenly distributed clusters not associated with any fractures. These inclusions probably represent entrapment of a free fluid phase during recrystallization of the host grains. IIa inclusions are found in granoblastic grains and have densities of 0.68–0.88 g/cm3. Higher density (=0.90–1.02 g/cm3) IIb inclusions occur only in symplectite phases. Secondary Type III CO2+glass inclusions with =0.47–0.78 g/cm3 occur along healed fractures where basalt has penetrated the xenoliths. Type III inclusions appear related to exsolution of CO2 from the host basalt during its ascent to the surface. These data suggest that CO2 is an important constituent of the lower crust under conditions of granulite facies metamorphism, indicated by Type I and II fluid inclusions, and of the mantle, as indicated by Type III inclusions.Correlation of fluid inclusion densities with P-T conditions calculated from both two-pyroxene geothermometry and reation (1) indicate emplacement of a gabbroic pluton at 1,200–1,300° C, 4–6 kb; cooling was accompanied by a slight increase in pressure due to crustal thickening, and symplectite formation occurred at 850±35° C, 5–7 kb. Capture of the xenoliths by the basalt resulted in heating of the granulites, and CO2 from the basalt was continuously entrapped by the xenoliths over the range 1,000–1,200° C, 4–6 kb. Examination of fluid inclusions of different generations can thus be used in conjunction with other petrologic data to place tight constraints on the specific P-T path followed by the granulite suite, in addition to indicating the nature of the fluid phase present at depth. 相似文献
15.
V. V. Egorova N. I. Volkova R. A. Shelepaev A. E. Izokh 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2006,88(3-4):419-441
Summary Ultramafic and mafic xenoliths in Ordovician Agardag alkaline basalt dikes from the Sangilen Plateau, southeastern Siberia,
provide samples from the upper mantle and crust beneath central Asia. Three major groups were distinguished among the xenoliths:
Group I xenoliths are spinel lherzolites, Group II xenoliths are spinel-garnet clinopyroxenites, and Group III comprises gabbroic
xenoliths with two subgroups: Group IIIa comprises garnet bearing gabbroids and Group IIIb is represented by garnet-free gabbroids.
The spinel lherzolite xenoliths represent the uppermost lithospheric mantle beneath the Sangilen Plateau and have geochemical
characteristics similar to those of primitive mantle. Spinel-garnet clinopyroxenite and gabbroic xenoliths are of igneous
origin and represent fragments of intrusive bodies crystallized at depths close to the mantle-crust boundary, as well as in
the lower and the upper crust. The gabbroic xenoliths are evidently the crystallization products of melts similar in major
and trace element composition to parental magma of the Bashkymugur gabbronorite-monzodiorite intrusion. Gabbroic xenoliths
from the Ordovician Agardag alkaline basalt dikes demonstrate the presence of intermediate magmatic chambers within the crust
beneath the Sangilen Plateau during the Early Palaeozoic. The relatively high equilibration temperatures of the mantle and
lower crust xenoliths in the Agardag alkaline basalt dikes are largely attributable to a plume occurring beneath the Sangilen
Plateau during the Ordovician. 相似文献
16.
Granulite and pyroxenite xenoliths in lamprophyre dykes intruded during the waning stage of Deccan Trap volcanism are derived from the lower crust beneath the Dharwar craton of Western India. The xenolith suite consists of plagioclase-poor mafic granulites (55% of the total volume of xenoliths), plagioclase-rich felsic granulites (25%), and ultramafic pyroxenites and websterites (20%) with subordinate wehrlites. Rare spinel peridotite xenoliths are also present, representing mantle lithosphere. The high Mg #, low SiO2/Al2O3 and low Nb/La (<1) ratios suggest that the protoliths of the mafic granulites broadly represent cumulates of sub-alkaline magmas. All of the granulites are peraluminous and light rare-earth element-enriched. The felsic granulites may have resulted from anatexis of the mafic lower crustal rocks; thus, the mafic granulites are enriched in Sr whereas the felsic ones are depleted. Composite xenoliths consisting of mafic granulites traversed by veins of pyroxenite indicate intrusion of the granulitic lower crust by younger pyroxenites. Petrography and geochemistry of the latter (e.g. presence of phlogopite) indicate the metasomatised nature of the deep crust in this region.Thermobarometric estimates from phase equilibria indicate equilibration conditions between 650 and 1200 °C, 0.7-1.2 GPa suggestive of lower crustal environments. These estimates provide a spatial context for the sampled lithologies thereby placing constraints on the interpretation of geophysical data. Integration of xenolith-derived P-T results with Deep Seismic Soundings (DSS) data suggests that the pyroxenites and websterites are transitional between the lower crust and the upper mantle. A three-layer model for the crust in western India, derived from the xenoliths, is consistent with DSS data. The mafic nature of this hybrid lower crust contrasts with the felsic lower crustal composition of the south Indian granulite terrain. 相似文献
17.
Alexey Ulianov Angelika Kalt Thomas Pettke 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2006,152(4):459-483
Whole rock major and trace element abundances in aluminous garnet–spinel websterite, sapphirine-bearing Mg–Al granulite and hibonite-bearing Ca–Al granulite xenoliths from the Chyulu Hills volcanic field, Kenya, suggest that the samples represent a meta-igneous suite linked by fractionation. The incompatible major element contents increase from the websterites to the Mg–Al granulites and further to the Ca–Al granulites. High bulk rock Mg#s and very low concentrations of most incompatible trace elements indicate that the rocks are cumulates rather than crystallized melts. Elevated Ni abundances, impoverishment in Cr and HFSE and high contents of normative plagioclase and olivine in the granulites indicate that their protoliths were similar to troctolite. The textures and metamorphic reaction paths recorded in the granulites suggest igneous emplacement in the crust and cooling from igneous to ambient crustal temperatures accompanied or followed by compression. For the websterite xenoliths, there is an apparent contradiction between the results of P–T calculations that suggest high P and T of crystallization of early generation pyroxenes and elevated P–T conditions during final equilibration (1.4–2.2 GPa/740–980°C) on the one hand and the positive Eu anomaly that suggests shallow-level plagioclase accumulation on the other hand. This contradiction can be reconciled by a model of compression of a plagioclase-bearing (gabbroic) protolith to mantle depths where it recrystallized to an ultramafic assemblage, which requires foundering of dense lower crustal material into the mantle. 相似文献
18.
K. Mengel 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1990,104(1):8-26
A suite of crustal xenoliths from Tertiary basaltic tuffs of the Northern Hessian Depression (NHD) volcanic field comprises abundant meta-igneous pyroxene granulites of mafic, noritic to anorthositic, IAT and tonalitic composition. Less abundant are granitic, tonalitic and leucogranitic gneisses and metasedimentary xenoliths. A total of 49 samples were analyzed for modal compositions, for major and trace elements (including Li, Rb, Sr, Ba, Cs, V, Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, Y, Zr, Nb, Ta, Hf, Th and REE) and oxygen isotopes. Two-pyroxene thermometry yields temperatures between 700 and 900° C for mafic and noritic granulites. Feldspar thermometry indicates temperatures of 660°–710° C for tonalitic granulites and 470°–520° C for granitic and tonalitic gneisses. One highly depleted sillimanite-rich metasediment contains cordierite and garnet which have equilibrated at temperatures of 780° C. The general lack of garnet in the mafic and noritic granulites and the presence of sillimanite in felsic xenoliths indicates that metamorphic pressures have not exceeded 10 kb. Major and trace element data and oxygen isotope compositions of the mafic granulites are compatible with an origin from spilitized enriched-type MORB rocks (enrichment in 18O to 11 and in Li to 34 ppm at average SiO2 contents of 44.1 wt%). These low-T spilites were transformed into amphibolites and then pyroxene granulites during subsequent high temperature metamorphic events. Low Si, Al, K, and Rb concentrations along with An contents in plagioclase ranging from near 50 to 98 mole percent suggest that amphibolite facies protoliths have generated tonalitic melts during partial melting at temperatures above 700° C. The mafic granulite xenoliths are interpreted as restites whereas the tonalitic samples probably represent the extracted partial melts derived by 20 to 30 percent degree of melting. Metasedimentary xenoliths strongly depleted in granitic component could represent restites from which granitic S-type partial melts have been extracted. Tonalitic and leucogranitic gneisses including one trondhjemite xenolith have many chemical characteristics (e.g. REE distribution) in common with tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite suites of the North Atlantic region but cannot be accounted for a more specific origin. Estimated elastic properties of the main types of NHD xenoliths yield P-wave velocities of 6.0–6.4 km-1 for granitic, tonalitic and trondhjemite gneisses including tonalitic granulites and 6.5–7.0 for the more mafic xenoliths. When compared with two seismic depths-Vp profiles these data are in accordance with a model where the mafic, andesitic, noritic and tonalitic granulites comprise abundant rock types at depths between 29 km (Moho) and 20 km which mainly consists of old oceanic crust including subduction related volcanic products. The more felsic xenoliths probably represent material from depths between 12 and 20 km. 相似文献
19.
- Xenoliths of ultrabasic, ultramafic, gabbroic or syenitic type occur in Teneriffe: dunites and clino-pyroxenites in the old alkalic basalt formations of Teno and Anaga peninsulas; gabbroic xenoliths in the Pedro Gil region; nepheline-syenite xenoliths in the Las Canadas and Vilaflor regions where intermediate and phonolitic lavas are abundant; ultramafic, clino-pyroxenite and syenitic xenoliths in the Anaga peninsula where there are many intrusions of nepheline-syenite and phonolitic syenite. Several xenoliths show signs of cataclasis, recrystallisation or reaction of their minerals with the host liquids.
- The ultrabasic, ultramafic and anorthoclase-rich xenoliths appear to be of cumulus origin, subtracted from basic to intermediate alkalic liquids. Major cumulus phases are: magnesium-rich olivine, sub-silicic, aluminous pyroxene, titanomagnetite, sub-silicic potassic kaersutite, and anorthoclase. It is suggested that the xenoliths formed at depths between 11 km and 30 km, largely under wet conditions that helped suppress formation of cumulus plagioclase.
- The subtraction of kaersutite from liquids of intermediate composition is thought to be a means of producing the gap in silica content between the Teneriffe trachybasalts and the more siliceous trachyphonolites and phonolites. It is also suggested that the subtraction of kaersutite and anorthoclase would considerably deplete residual liquids in alumina whilst enriching then in soda and this might be the means of producing peralkaline liquids.
- The presence of the xenoliths supports the geophysical data that indicated that Teneriffe has a sub-crustal structure of plutonic rocks. Correlation of the Teneriffe plutonic xenoliths with exposed plutonic basement rocks from other Canary Islands, which are believed to have similar sub-crustal structures, is considered necessary.
20.
下地壳含水性的演化 ——来自不同时代麻粒岩中长石水含量的证据 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和电子探针(EMP)分析了早古生代的松树沟麻粒岩和桐柏麻粒岩地体以及古元古代的莒南麻粒岩包体(其寄主岩石为新生代玄武岩)中长石的水含量和化学成分。结果显示,麻粒岩中的长石均含有以OH和H2O形式存在的结构水;3个地点的长石水含量分别为465×10-6~733×10-6、210×10-6~993×10-6和717×10-6~1 239×10-6。对比前人报道的中生代(道县和汉诺坝包体)和古元古代(女山包体、汉诺坝地体)的麻粒岩研究结果,发现早古生代样品和古元古代样品中长石的水含量都比中生代样品明显的高,而早古生代和古元古代样品之间却没有差别,指示了中国东部下地壳在中生代之前更加富水。 相似文献