共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
基于二维离散单元法,对沉桩过程中钙质砂颗粒破碎情况进行了模拟。采用簇粒来模拟易破碎的钙质砂颗粒,并用形状与变形特性相同的聚粒单元来模拟不可破碎颗粒,对这两种单元特性进行对比,分析不同桩型的沉桩过程、桩周土体的力学响应、沉桩过程中钙质砂的颗粒破碎现象。结果表明:破碎颗粒将引起桩侧土体级配的重新调整,与桩体接触好于不可破碎土体;桩处于颗粒破碎的钙质砂中,其沉桩速度较快,对地基土扰动小于未发生颗粒破碎的情况;对于不同桩型、不同土层,桩体压入过程中,桩周土体应力场分布具有相似性;靠近桩端附近,土中水平应力和竖向应力急剧增大,形成应力核;同等条件下发生颗粒破碎的钙质砂地基土中,桩端应力峰值高于不可破碎土体。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2017,(Z2):330-336
桩在贯入砂土地基时所产生的高应力会引起桩周砂土的破碎,在易破碎砂土地基中更为严重。砂土破碎会引起桩基承载力的降低,严重地会导致基础结构物失稳甚至倒塌破坏。针对平底桩贯入易破碎砂土地基所产生的上述问题,引入新近提出的砂土颗粒破碎本构模型,结合耦合欧拉–拉格朗日(CEL)方法在处理大变形计算上的优势,对平底桩贯入过程进行了数值模拟研究。首先,根据Dog’s bay钙质砂的三轴剪切试验结果,确定了砂土破碎模型的模型参数。然后,采用CEL方法对平底桩贯入Dog’s bay钙质砂的离心机试验进行了模拟,模拟结果与试验测量结果吻合,表明所提出的平底桩贯入易破碎砂土地基的模拟方法的有效性和可行性,砂土破碎可明显降低桩基的承载能力。研究结果可为桩基贯入易破碎砂土地基提供设计和施工依据。 相似文献
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在大型圆形煤场中采用桩-网复合地基是火电厂地基方案设计的新思路,该方案不仅要考虑地基土层的强度满足上部荷载的要求,还需要考虑堆载区内土体的变形对环基的影响。通过对圆形煤场中桩-网复合地基原体试验研究,介绍了在大面积堆载下如何进行桩、土及垫层中应力与应变的测试,设计了2套堆载与测试方案,在试验1区铺设了2层土工格栅,而在试验2区未铺设土工格栅。根据在2个试验区所获得的测试成果,研究了大面积堆载对堆载区内外土体变形的影响深度与范围,对比分析了不同高程处垫层与土体的竖向及侧向应力随深度的变化规律,结合堆载区中桩与边桩的桩身轴力变化,计算出上部桩侧土体对桩所产生的负摩阻力,并依据承台顶面附近测得的垫层与土层的应力,计算出桩土分担荷载的比例,以及桩土应力比的大小与变化规律。在此基础上得到土工格栅对大面积堆载区内外土体应变与应力的影响程度,从而可以为大型圆形煤场桩-网复合地基方案的设计与施工提供客观的技术参数与建议。 相似文献
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粗粒土的破碎耗能计算及影响因素 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
粗粒土的颗粒破碎直接改变了土体本身结构,对粗粒土的剪胀和内摩擦角都会产生影响。在土体剪切过程中,体积应力和剪切应力在体积应变和剪切应变上做功,这部分能量在剪切过程中转化为颗粒的弹性储能、颗粒间的摩擦耗能、颗粒剪胀时对外做功和颗粒破碎耗能4部分。准确计算剪切过程中粗粒土破碎耗能的目的是：从能量角度分析颗粒破碎对土体本构关系的影响,为建立考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土本构关系创造条件。通过分析粗粒土的常规三轴试验数据,计算得到了剪切过程中的粗粒土破碎耗能。计算结果表明,常规三轴试验条件下粗粒土破碎耗能主要受固结应力、土体摩擦系数M等因素的影响。 相似文献
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长短桩高强复合地基在高层建筑中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
长短桩高强复合地基能充分调动桩间土体参与工作,并在竖向方向上的刚度梯度变化与附加荷载的应力扩散变化趋势相同.以考虑不同桩体长度、桩体刚度和考虑周围多层土体分布的长短桩相互作用计算模型为依据,对某高层建筑进行长短桩高强复合地基的分析设计计算,通过与实测数据对比,表明长短桩高强复合地基应用于高层建筑可以满足承载力和沉降的要求.长短桩高强复合地基因其高承载力、经济性优越和施工灵活并工期短的特点,将会成为高层建筑桩基础的巨大挑战. 相似文献
7.
通过颗粒流模拟,建立了沉管复合地基水平受荷时的离散元模型,对桩在水平荷载作用下的受力性状进行了研究.分析了土体位移场变化规律和应力变化等宏观因素,以及土颗粒力链、配位数和孔隙率等细观参数.由模拟结果可知:竖向荷载作用下沉管在水平方向移动时,垫层颗粒受到扰动,当增加竖向荷载,沉管底部土体受扰动范围变小,可知增加竖向荷载使桩间土的挤密作更显著,对降低土体扰动有较明显的效果;通过对桩顶土颗粒中强力链在沉管水平位移影响下的发展趋势研究知道,土体颗粒体系内力链并不是不变的,强弱力链之间可以相互转换. 相似文献
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根据路堤荷载下复合地基的荷载传递机理及变形特征,基于弹性理论,引入假定的桩间土位移模式,综合考虑路堤填土的土拱效应、复合地基加固区桩间土的成层性,建立了典型单元体的平衡方程,应用桩土位移协调条件及边界条件,得到了各层土范围内桩、桩周土竖向应力及桩侧剪应力的分布规律,从而推导出路堤荷载下复合地基加固区桩及桩周土压缩量计算的解析式,获得了表征复合地基工作性状的桩土应力比及沉降变形的解析表达式,并分析了加固区桩周土体层序对复合地基受力变形特性的影响。研究结果表明:当地基浅层土质较好时,复合地基加固区压缩量较其他情况下小,按本文建议的方法计算所得结果满足工程计算精度要求。 相似文献
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The elastostatic problem of an infinite elastic medium containing an axially-loaded rigid cylindrical inclusion is investigated. This problem is of interest in connection with the geotechnical study of the time-independent, load-deflection characteristics of deep rigid anchors embedded in cohesive soil or rock media. The problem is formulated by means of Hankel integral transforms and reduced to a system of four coupled sing ular integral equations, where the unknown quantities are the normal and the shear stresses acting on the entire surface of the anchor. Numerical solutions are investigated for various Poisson's ratios and several values of the aspect ratio of radius to length of the cylindrical anchor. 相似文献
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The problem of the symmetric quasi‐static large‐strain expansion of a cavity in an infinite granular body is studied. The body is assumed to be dry or fully drained so that the presence of the pore water can be disregarded. Both spherical and cylindrical cavities are considered. Numerical solutions to the boundary value problem are obtained with the use of the hypoplastic constitutive relation calibrated for a series of granular soils. As the radius of the cavity increases, the stresses and the density on the cavity surface asymptotically approach limit values corresponding to a so‐called critical state. For a given soil, the limit values depend on the initial stresses and the initial density. A comparison is made between the solutions for different initial states and different soils. Applications to geotechnical problems such as cone penetration test and pressuremeter test are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Cut Slopes in Clayey Soils: Consolidation and Overall Stability by Finite Element Method 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
José Leitão Borges 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2008,26(5):479-491
When a cut slope in a saturated clay is undertaken, a transient water flow occurs and stress transferences from the water
to the soil skeleton take place in time (consolidation). Mainly in strongly overconsolidated clays, these stress transferences
may determine swelling of soil and therefore reduction of its shear strength in time. However, the lowering of the water level
associated to the cut increases effective mean stress, which may therefore counterbalance the above-mentioned effect. In the
paper, the behaviour of a cut slope in an overconsolidated clay is analysed by a finite element program that incorporates
the Biot consolidation theory (coupled analysis), with constitutive relations simulated by the p–q–θ critical state model. In addition, the variation in time of the overall stability is assessed with a computer program that
uses the finite element results and formulations of the critical state soil mechanics. In order to achieve a more complex
geotechnical interpretation of the problem, the analysis in time of the excess pore pressures, effective stresses, displacements
and stress levels is also presented. Finally, comparisons of stability results are analysed by changing some parameters, namely
the problem geometry (weight of excavated soil) and the over-consolidation ratio of the clay. 相似文献
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The calculation of stresses induced inside the soil mass by the foundation loads forms an essential step in most of the geotechnical engineering problems dealing with the probable behaviour of foundations. The distribution of stresses on horizontal planes containing reinforcements at various depths is required in the analysis and design of reinforced soil foundations. An accurate evaluation of contact pressure distribution at the interface is a prerequisite for the computation of stresses inside the soil mass. Of the several approaches the elastic-plastic approach of computing the contact pressure distribution appears to be reasonable. Using this approach non-dimensional equations have been derived for calculating the contact pressure distribution beneath rigid circular foundations on sands. The contact pressure distribution so derived has been used for computing the stresses at various points using elastic theory. The results have been graphically presented and are compared with Boussinesq's distribution for uniform contact pressure. 相似文献
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随气候条件而变化的边界条件的确定是岩土工程中非饱和土数值分析的一个难题。介绍了农业学中的土与大气相互作用分析中的一些应用较为广泛的方法,并采用空气动力学法和微气候能量平衡法相结合的方法确定土-气界面的边界状态,分析了法国鲁昂试验路堤的路堤填土与大气在2005年1月的能量交换,以及在此期间填土内的温度、含水率和吸力的变化,并与实测结果进行了对比。结果表明,农业学中所采用的能量平衡以及能量计算方法可以有效地应用于岩土工程非饱和土的数值分析中,解决随气候而变化的边界条件的确定问题。 相似文献
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Fatin N. Altuhafi Béatrice A. Baudet Peter Sammonds 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2009,28(7-8):693-707
Soft sediments can deform under both changes in stress and changes in strain rate, as well as during sustained loading (e.g. creep). In glacial conditions, soft subglacial sediments can contribute to glacier movements, and when the ice/sediment system is coupled, the rate-sensitivity of the sub-layer can affect the velocity of the glacier. These issues have been the object of studies by several geologists. In parallel, the effects of time and strain rate on the behaviour of soils have been studied for many years by geotechnical engineers, to estimate the long-term performance of ground structures. This paper applies the knowledge acquired in soil mechanics to a geological problem: results on two glacial sediments of different origins, obtained from advanced geotechnical laboratory tests, are presented and analysed in the light of recent advances in soil mechanics. Independently of time effects, the test data show that the pre-failure behaviour is not elastic but that the sediments develop plastic strains before reaching their peak strength, with the stiffness gradually degrading. Results from tests performed with variable strain rates suggest that the time-dependent (viscous) behaviour of the sediments may be governed by their mineralogy, in particular the presence of plastic fines. The viscous behaviour observed in the plastic tills seems to affect the pre-failure behaviour only, for example the yield surface, stiffness, strength, but the criteria of failure, e.g. critical or residual angle of failure are found to be constant and independent of strain rate. The test data also suggest that the viscous behaviour may be related to stress level, being more prevalent at low stresses. These results, obtained under laboratory-controlled conditions, over a large range of strains, pre- and post-peak strength, are a necessary step towards developing constitutive models for subglacial sediments rigorously. It is only after this has been achieved that such models should be implemented in finite element code to analyse ice/sediment systems, with the aim to understand glacier movements better. 相似文献
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Adnan Aqeel 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(4):314
Expansion or swelling of soil is a worldwide geotechnical problem that occurs in arid and semiarid regions where sabkha soils may occur as well. Expansive soil is dominated by the presence of active clay minerals. The expansive and sabkha soils are characterized by a large seasonal variation in soil moisture content leading to a large change in the volume and the consistency of the soil and, thus, causing serious damages to buildings and infrastructure. Although sabkha soil covers large and strategically important areas along the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf coasts in Saudi Arabia, no one paid proper attention to the type of clay minerals in those soils or to their expansion potential, which is a crucial step prior to any construction. The geotechnical properties, active clay mineral types, and the degree expansion potential of soils were investigated in Obhor area at the north of Jeddah City. Twenty disturbed soil samples were collected at depths of 80 and 120 cm. Three different types of soils are identified: clayey soil with high plasticity, clayey soil with low plasticity, and poorly graded silty to clayey sand soil. Furthermore, active clay minerals were identified with a significant proportion of montmorillonite (14.24 %), illite (24.65 %), kaolinite (28.78 %), and chlorite (32.34 %). The results indicated that a considerable part of the study area has high expansion potential, but most parts of Obhor area have low to none potential of soil expansiveness. 相似文献
19.
The geotechnical engineer is often faced with the problem of how to assess the statistical properties of a soil parameter on the basis of a sample measured in-situ or in the laboratory with the defect that some values have been replaced by interval bounds because the corresponding soil parameter values have turned out to exceed the capacity of the measuring instrument. Given such a censored sample the problem is to estimate the mean value, variance and certain fractiles of the distribution of the soil parameter as it would be measured by an instrument of unrestricted range. In many situations only a small censored sample is given. To estimate the characteristic value defined as a lower fractile value corresponding to a codified probability value, the geotechnical engineer is thus urged to supplement the information from the measurements at the actual location by considering whatever prior knowledge is available about the soil parameter distribution. The present paper shows how a characteristic value by computer calculations can be assessed systematically from the actual sample of censored data supplemented with prior information from a soil parameter data base. 相似文献
20.
P. R. Kumar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2007,25(5):581-590
This paper presents the results of a research program conducted on the geotechnical centrifuge to investigate contaminant
transport mechanism through the soil mass. The mechanism that governs contaminant transport through soil mass is discussed,
the principles of geotechnical centrifuge modelling are outlined, and relevant scaling laws that govern the relationship between
a centrifuge model and the prototype, with respect to the problem of contaminant transport, are presented. Modelling of models
has been established to validate the experimental results. It has been concluded that the geotechnical centrifuge can be used
as an experimental tool to simulate field scale problems. 相似文献