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2010年笔者完成了西藏朗县秀沟工区1∶5 000高精度重磁勘探,重力测量总精度达0.069 4 mGal。根据岩矿石物性特征建立了铬铁矿地球物理模型与找矿标志。局部重力高异常0.1～0.6 mGal、宽度几十米至一二百米,并且磁异常中等强度、反向磁化的重磁异常组合特征是识别铬铁矿的标志;局部重力高异常带与环状镶边的正磁异常带的组合特征是识别超基性岩带的标志。运用小波分析提取铬铁矿与超基性岩体局部重磁异常,倾斜角(tilt-angle)法识别岩体边界,Paker法密度填图及2.5D交互反演推断了蛇纹石化橄榄岩的范围及14个铬铁矿与矿化体的重磁远景异常,其中6个远景异常已经得到证实。指出在西藏进行铬铁矿勘探,不仅要求野外施工精度高,而且要求室内处理解释工作精细,应充分运用各种数据处理的新方法技术,才能够获得良好的地质效果。 相似文献
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铬铁矿是我国急缺的战略矿产之一,主要来源依靠进口,由于资源储量和生产量有限,供需缺口连年加大。本文在全国重要矿产资源潜力评价数据成果基础上,对全国铬铁矿资源进行潜力预测。通过对我国铬铁矿产分布特征、成矿类型的系统分析,进行了成矿区带划分,划分出4个Ⅰ级成矿域、11个Ⅱ级成矿省和20个Ⅲ级成矿带。综合成矿规律,归纳出预测要素,建立了两种预测评价模型,分别为与超基性岩有关的侵入岩体型铬铁矿和与超基性岩有关的似层状岩浆型铬铁矿。在充分收集整理各省铬铁矿地质资料基础上,以GIS的矿产资源预测与评价为手段,开展了预测区的圈定与优选,重点筛选出3个预测资源量较大可达到500万t以上的铬铁矿三级预测区,进行了简单的资源评价,探讨铬铁矿资源潜力,提出找矿建议。评价数据显示,全国铬铁矿资源总量7 215.32万t;累计查明铬资源量共计1 565.59万t;预测铬资源量共计5 649.73万t。综合分析铬铁矿研究区已有工作成果和找矿进展,结合全国重要矿产资源潜力评价最新成果,认为在新疆萨尔托海、西藏罗布莎、甘肃大道尔吉等地区资源潜力巨大,是主要找矿方向,可作为重点找矿部署区。 相似文献
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通过六十多年的积累,我国已经基本完成了中国陆域的航磁覆盖,为区域地质构造研究提供了详实的地球物理资料。航磁异常主要反映了岩石圈中磁性物质的分布情况,尤其是构造 岩浆活动能够产生明显的磁异常,为隐伏岩浆岩的预测研究奠定了基础。镁铁—超镁铁质岩通常具有较强的磁性,可以通过航磁异常进行识别。本文基于全国1100万航磁数据及其岩性 构造解释结果,阐述了通过航磁异常识别镁铁—超镁铁质岩的标志和圈定方法,分析了推断镁铁—超镁铁质岩与蛇绿岩带的关系。研究表明,蛇绿岩带通常都具有形态规则、宽度窄、异常幅值大的线性或串珠状磁异常特征,主要与蛇绿岩的保存情况密切相关。蛇绿岩带通常是不同板块的拼接带,呈现出区域磁异常边界的特征,代表不同陆块的基底性质的差异。但是,部分蛇绿岩带,如弧后盆地拉张等形成的蛇绿岩,因两侧地块基底性质相似,通常不具有分割区域磁场的特点。基于航磁推断镁铁—超镁铁质岩分布,在全国划分了22个蛇绿岩型镁铁—超镁铁质岩带,并对岩带的特征进行了详细描述。例如,雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带呈现出双磁异常带的特征,北带磁异常的规模较大、延伸长,推断深部存在镁铁—超镁铁质岩。南带磁异常规模较小,仅在日喀则地区连续分布,其余为串珠状磁异常,且不具有分割区域磁场的特点。通过磁异常三维反演,构建了雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带的深部结构模型。本文旨在通过磁异常的定性和定量分析,为蛇绿岩带(缝合带)的研究提供更多的信息,尤其是隐伏蛇绿岩,以指导铬铁矿找矿。目前航磁测量以中小比例尺为主,对于蛇绿岩带研究及铬铁矿找矿勘查是不足的,精细的分析和深部结构建模需要15万或更大比例尺航磁数据。 相似文献
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铬铁矿贺根山蛇绿岩带地处西伯利亚板块和华北板块的汇聚部位,该带出露中国北方最大的超基性岩体群,大小有超过超过30个超基性岩块,其中自西向东分布的朝根山,贺根山,崇根山,乌兹尼黑为最大的蛇绿岩块。与超基性岩关系最密切的矿产莫过于铬铁矿,数年来很多学者针对贺根山蛇绿岩的含矿性做了大量工作(白文吉等1993,1995; Miao Laicheng et al.,2008;段明,2009,2015;黄竺,2015;王成,2016),该带分布的铬铁矿床（点）众多,有代表性矿床(点)为赫根敖拉、733和3756,然而能达到工业开采的矿床只有3756。近些年在该地区的找矿勘查工作未取得突破,笔者认为很多原因在于该区覆盖面积太大,找矿靶区定位不准以及对隐伏的矿体勘查力度不够。2013-2015年天津地质调查中心在2009~2011年度新飞的航磁资料基础之上对该区进行了航磁异常查证与评价研究工作,对该区的成矿潜力与找矿方向提出了心得认识。 相似文献
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Marek Locmelis Norman J. Pearson Marco L. Fiorentini 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2011,75(13):3645-3661
The distinction between Ru in solid solution and Ru-bearing inclusions is essential for the predictive modeling of platinum-group element (PGE) geochemistry in applications such as the lithogeochemical exploration for magmatic sulfide deposits in komatiites. This study investigates the role of chromite in the fractionation of Ru in ultramafic melts by analyzing chromite grains from sulfide-undersaturated komatiites and a komatiitic basalt from the Yilgarn Craton in Western Australia. In situ analysis using laser ablation ICP-MS yields uniform Ru concentrations in chromites both within-grain and on a sample scale, with concentrations between 220 and 540 ppb. All other platinum-group elements are below the detection limit of the laser ablation ICP-MS analysis. Carius tube digestion isotope dilution ICP-MS analysis of chromite concentrates confirms the accuracy of the in-situ method. Time resolved laser ablation ICP-MS analyses have identified the presence of sub-micron Ir-bearing inclusions in some chromite grains from the komatiitic basalt. However, Ru-bearing inclusions have not been recognized in the analyzed chromites and this combined with the in situ data suggests that Ru exists in solid solution in the crystal lattice of chromite. These results show that chromite can control the fractionation and concentration of Ru in ultramafic systems. 相似文献
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元古代蛇绿岩及铬铁矿 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文总结了国外典型元古代蛇绿岩的岩石组合、野外产状、地球化学资料以及成矿特征,并与显生宙蛇绿岩进行了对比,继而探讨元古代板块构造演化和铬铁矿成因。资料表明,早元古代和中-新元古代均有蛇绿岩的存在,但前者较少,仅见于Canadian地盾的Cape Smith Belt中的Prutuniq蛇绿岩(2. 05～2. 0Ga)和芬兰Fennoscandian地盾的Outokumpu和Jormua蛇绿岩(时代为1. 97～1. 96Ga),而中-新元古代的蛇绿岩则见于世界许多地区,如埃及东部沙漠区(～750Ma)和非洲东北部地区(ca.900～800Ma)等。与显生宙蛇绿岩相比,这些老蛇绿岩具如下特征:(1)它们均为被肢解的蛇绿岩,大多与"弧火山岩"和(或)混杂岩伴生,经历不同程度的变形和变质(具绿片岩相-角闪岩相组合);(2)岩石组合大多较齐全,壳层组合发育,以镁铁-超镁铁岩(堆晶岩)、辉长岩、镁铁质席状岩床(墙)杂岩、火山岩为代表;层状镁铁-超镁铁岩的韵律层以及矿物的隐晶变化等均提示了岩浆多期次活动及开放岩浆房的特征;(3)元古代蛇绿岩中既有高铝型铬铁矿,也有高铬型铬铁矿,且主要寄主于纯橄岩(或蛇纹岩)中;高铝型和高铬型直接受控于熔体的熔融程度及含水流体的参与,反映了铬铁矿形成于俯冲带演化的不同阶段;铬铁矿规模均较小,且均以低TiO 2为特征,均为岩浆分异作用的产物,明显区别于显生宙熔融残余成因的豆荚状铬铁矿;(4)元古代蛇绿岩常伴有硫化物Cu-Co-Zn-Au矿,且铬铁矿含Zn较高(Zn=0. 11%～0. 18%)(如芬兰Outokumpu蛇绿岩);橄榄岩及铬铁矿中常含较高的MnO (高达1. 79%,如埃及东部的Wizer蛇绿岩);(5)元古代蛇绿岩具多种成因:主要为俯冲带成因(如埃及蛇绿岩、北东非蛇绿岩、芬兰Outokumpu蛇绿岩),少量为洋中脊成因(加拿大Purtuniq蛇绿岩)及裂谷成因(芬兰Jormua蛇绿岩)等。 相似文献
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Among the dominant species of chromium, the trivalent form widely occurs in nature in chromite ores or in silicate minerals and is extremely immobile. The higher oxidation state Cr(VI), is, however, rarely found in nature, is more mobile, and several times more toxic than Cr(III). Cr(VI) occurs in chromates and dichromates manufactured from chromite ores. The hexavalent state is stable in an oxidizing alkaline environment, whereas the trivalent state is stable in a reducing acidic environment. Serpentinization and Mg release during deuteric alteration of ultramafic rocks create alkaline pore water and lateritization is an intensive oxidation process. Chromite ore bodies in oxidized serpentinite therefore may generate hexavalent chromium from the inert chromites and cause hazardous chromium pollution of the water. With this end in view, a combined field and laboratory study has been made on chromite-bearing oxidized serpentinite rocks of Sukinda in Orissa, India. Laboratory leaching studies on mine overburden samples, chemical analyses of streamwater, and hydrolysate incrustation on detrital grains taken from stream beds have indicated the possibility of chromium mobilization from the chromite ores into the waterbodies. 相似文献
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对豆荚状铬铁矿床成因的认识 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
文章提出豆荚状铬铁矿床不是上地幔局部溶融后的残余物，而是亏损地幔又经部分溶融形成的溶体发生液相不混溶，导致硅酸盐岩浆和富铬矿浆的形成。当比重不同高度分馏的溶体在上升过程发生了分离，轻熔体上升侵入于岩浆房、重熔体和铬铁矿浆，就地堆积或贯入围岩形成豆荚状铬铁矿床。豆荚状铬铁矿的伴生围岩纯橄岩，不是高度亏损的上地幔残余，可能是与铬铁矿浆伴随的一种硅酸盐熔体 。与大量纯橄岩脉伴随的基性岩、超基性岩脉，也属 相似文献
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W. E. Ewers J. Graham D. R. Hudson J. M. Rolls 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1976,54(1):61-64
An experiment, in which an iron-nickel-copper sulphide melt was heated with synthetic chromite and then cooled, showed that substantial quantities of chromite had dissolved in the melt and had then recrystallized as euhedral crystals rimmed with magnetite. This experiment suggests that the unusual chromite (low in Mg and Al) which is associated with the sulphide phase in Western Australian nickel ores may have formed in a similar way.J.M.R. carried out the experimental part of this investigation as a post-graduate student at Flinders University, South Australia, working under a CSIRO extramural grant. 相似文献
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土耳其埃斯基谢希尔(Eski爧ehir)铬铁矿位于土耳其安纳托利亚高原中西部基性-超基性杂岩体中,是典型的阿尔卑斯型铬铁矿。该地区是土耳其重要的铬铁矿成矿区。通过对该铬铁矿矿床特征的研究,总结了土耳其阿尔卑斯型铬铁矿床的矿床地质特征。土耳其埃斯基谢希尔铬铁矿产于以辉橄岩、方辉橄榄岩为主要岩相的基性-超基性杂岩体内,矿体与围岩界线清晰,矿体大多呈豆荚状、囊状、脉状、透镜体状。矿石主要为致密块状和稠密浸染状,主要矿石矿物为镁铬铁矿、铁镁铬铁矿,矿石品位富,铬铁比高,为富矿矿石。 相似文献
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Anionic and cationic flotation of a Stillwater Complex chromite was studied as a function of pH and various pretreatments of the mineral. Aging the ground mineral in air markedly decreased anionic (sodium dodecylsulfate) flotation below pH3 and enhanced it above pH 4–5. Such aging increased cationic (dodecylammonium chloride) flotation in the basic pH region. Mildly preheating the mineral enhanced anionic flotation. Increased conditioning time in collector solution decreased anionic flotation. Strongly acid pretreating the mineral caused it to behave like a simple charged oxide toward both anionic and cationic flotation. These phenomena appear to be related to the effect of aging on the amounts of Fe(II) and Fe(III), of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) and of Mg(II) on the mineral's surface. 相似文献
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The Troodos ophiolite of Cyprus hosts chromite deposits both as podiform bodies within the basal harzburgite and as lesser layers and schlieren within the overlying dunites and clinopyroxene dunites of the metacumulate sequence. All chromitite types have been studied from both field and mineralogical aspects, with particular emphasis on the chemistry of the ubiquitous silicate inclusions within chromite grains. Two distinct inclusion assemblages have been documented. Chromites from podiform bodies contain abundant hornblende, serpentine, ortho- and clinopyroxene and lesser olivine, while those from the metacumulates host pargasite, albite, serpentine and rare pyroxenes. This implies that no single silicate inclusion assemblage in chromite can be considered typically ophiolitic. The presence of an alkalirich fluid phase during chromite crystallization as evidenced by the unusual mineralogy of these inclusions has already been widely discussed in the literature. However, the marked stratigraphic control of inclusion types in chromite as reported here enables more complete modelling of the evolution of this phase to be made. 相似文献
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近年来铬(Cr)同位素体系在示踪地幔部分熔融、岩浆结晶分异及俯冲带流体相关的地质过程中均取得了重要进展。本文通过实例研究综述了Cr同位素在铬铁矿成矿作用方向的主要进展,包括:(1) Stillwater层状岩体橄榄岩带和K?z?ldaˇg蛇绿岩壳幔过渡带内铬铁矿及共生硅酸盐矿物的Cr同位素研究,揭示了层状/似层状铬铁矿成矿过程中可能发生明显的Cr同位素分馏,且主要受结晶分异和岩浆补给过程控制;(2) K?z?lda?蛇绿岩豆荚状铬铁矿床的Cr同位素研究,证明了俯冲带地幔橄榄岩中尖晶石的部分熔融,可能是豆荚状铬铁矿床主要的成矿物质来源之一,同时俯冲带流体也可能直接参与成矿;(3)层状岩体及蛇绿岩中普遍存在矿物间的Cr同位素不平衡分馏现象,不仅可用以记录岩浆作用的冷却时间,同时也证明了铬铁矿成矿过程中释放的流体对矿物间的元素交换具有明显促进作用。 相似文献