共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
从沉积速率和沉积物粒度看冰后期海侵以来珠江三角洲西江大鳌沙的形成 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
大鳌沙处于珠江三角洲西江河口的近口段，洪季西江河口的潮区界西线在其顶端附近。冰后期海侵以来，大鳌沙顶端的PRD05和中部的PRD04两个钻孔的沉积速率和沉积物粒度有着极大的差别。7 630 a BP以前，PRD04孔的沉积速率小于PRD05孔的沉积速率；但7 630 a BP以来，PRD04孔的沉积速率大于PRD05孔的沉积速率。从粒度分析看，埋深12.28 m以下，PRD04孔沉积物比PRD05孔的粗，分选性比PRD05孔的差；埋深12.28 m以上，PRD04孔的沉积物比PRD05孔的细，分选性相对比PRD05孔的好。分析表明，9 000～4 200a BP， 沉积物由南（中部）向北（顶部）输运，涨潮流冲蚀老沉积物，在喷出磨刀门通道后，流速迅速降低，粗颗粒泥沙先沉积，而细颗粒泥沙被涨潮流搬运至更北的区域沉积。近3500年以来，河流动力占优势，沉积物由北（顶部）向南（中部）输运。大鳌沙的形成与涨潮射流密切相关。涨潮射流口的位置在蛇地山和右岸纵向山地之间，宽约2200 m。 相似文献
2.
长江口表层沉积物粒度时空分布特征 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16
结合近期长江口558个表层沉积物采样资料，分析了长江口表层沉积物时空分布特性，得到了近期长江口表层沉积物中值粒径和沉积物类型分布特征。横沙以上海域表层沉积物粒径洪枯季变化较小；浑浊带海域洪季粗，枯季细；口外海域则枯季粗，洪季细。横沙以上和口外海域沉积物类型洪枯季变化较小，浑浊带海域沉积物类型变化较复杂。无论洪枯季北港表层沉积物最粗，北槽次之，南槽最小。表层沉积物大小潮变化较小，两次采样平均差别为9.7％；沉积物年际变化随大通流量和输沙量的变化而变化。近十五年来，长江口表层沉积物类型变化较大的区域主要是北支上段、南北港分流口、北槽和南槽浑浊带海域，主要与河槽的自然演变和人类活动有关。结合Pejrup新三角图对长江口各沉积动力环境进行分区，对比各沉积环境亚区的粒度特征，并对黄河口、长江口、珠江口表层沉积物粒度参数进行对比。 相似文献
3.
强潮海湾近岸表层沉积物时空分布特征及水动力响应——以杭州湾北岸为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
沉积物粒度参数是表征其分布和输运特征的重要信息。根据2005年7月和2006年12月采集的167个表层沉积物样品以及收集到的实测水文资料,以杭州湾北岸为例,分析研究强潮海湾近岸表层沉积物的时空变异特征,同时在应用GSTA模型对沉积物进行输运趋势分析的基础上探讨该区域的泥沙来源,并通过掀沙计算分析表层沉积物对高能水动力环境的响应过程。结果表明:（1）杭州湾北岸表层沉积物普遍较细,以粉砂质粘土为主,在南汇、金山岸段存在两个砂质密集区,并且随动力条件的不同在由岸向海方向呈现出逐渐变细的粒度趋势;（2）表层沉积物粒度特征在洪、枯季亦存有差异,枯季较洪季存在普遍粗化现象;（3）GSTA模型结果显示该区域泥沙主要来源于上游岸段来沙和湾口海域来沙,此外局部区域之间的泥沙交换过程也是区域内泥沙平衡协调的重要途径;（4）潮流掀沙作用主要以南汇和奉贤水域为主,波浪掀沙作用范围基本覆盖研究区域的整个岸段,且波高为1.5 m（P=94.9%）以下的波浪掀沙作用对浅水区域的影响最为显著。 相似文献
4.
黄河三角洲滨海区沉积物的分异特征与规律 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
根据2000年79月黄河三角洲滨海区表层沉积物的分析结果,运用F lem ing的三角图式对沉积环境进行划分,并在此基础上结合沉积物结构、地形和水动力条件,探讨了沉积物的分布规律及其作用机制。结果表明:研究区域可划分为废弃三角洲滨海区、现行河口区和莱州湾滨海区三个沉积环境。对于废弃三角洲沉积区,在早期废弃的湾湾沟海区风浪作用为主,沉积物普遍较粗,抗冲能力较强;废弃不久的飞雁滩海区在波流联合作用下,沉积物粒径由岸向海变细,大致在-5-6m水深处存在一明显的界限,该水深以浅砂含量较高;而该水深以深以粉砂和粘土为主,砂含量较低。现行河口区,由于沙嘴前方强潮流带的作用,沉积物粒径由岸向海表现为粗—细—粗的演变趋势。在莱州湾海区,由于潮流场的影响,以广利河河口为界,以北粒径较细,而以南则较粗。 相似文献
5.
近期长江口-杭州湾邻近海域沉积物粒径的时空变化及其影响因素 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了研究长江口-杭州湾外近海沉积物粒径的现状和近期变化,于2008年4月在该区域用箱式取样器取得了33个表层样,用震动活塞采样器取得7个柱状样;在室内用激光粒度仪对沉积物样品进行了粒度分析并与历史时期的研究成果进行对比。结果表明,1）表层沉积物总体上呈东粗（砂）西细（泥）的特点,粒径总体上的空间格局与历史时期相似;但砂-泥区界线在研究区北部（长江口和杭州湾外）有向西迁移（蚀退）迹象（西移10~30 km）,而在南部（舟山群岛以南）则出现明显向东迁移（淤进）现象（最大超过50 km）。2）当前的表层沉积物形成一条南北连续的泥质带（粒径向南逐渐变细）,反映过去存在于舟山群岛以东的最细组分（“黏土”）带不连续现象在表层现已趋于消失。3）表层沉积物粒径趋势分析揭示长江入海泥沙的运移方向主要是向南-东南。4）泥质区柱状沉积物具有粉砂和黏土为主但在垂向上（反映在时间上）有粗细多变的特点（侵蚀区表层沉积物有粗化迹象）。研究认为,长江口-杭州湾邻近海域现代沉积物对流域和沿海重大人类活动有较敏感的响应。 相似文献
6.
Measurements were made of tidal currents, bed sediment particle sizes, and bedform dimensions at the South Branch and the
South Channel of the Changjiang estuary, China, during the dry season in 1997 and the flood season in 1998. The near bottom
current speed and direction were measured by a mechanical current meter for 10 h in 1997. The near surface current speed and
direction were measured by a Current Meter of Endeco/YSI Inc. 174 SSM for 14 h in 1997 and 1998. Nine bed sediment samples
were taken and their particle sizes were analyzed with sieves and siphons. The bedforms were nautically detected by an echo
sounder and a side scan sonar. Results show that the ebb tides had larger near-bottom and near-surface current speeds and
longer durations than the flood tides, in which the former occurred during the flood season in 1998 and not in the dry season
in 1997. The bed sediments were composed of coarse silts and very fine sands during the dry season but of fine sands during
the flood season. Bedforms were dominated by ebb tidal currents, the height∶length ratios of dunes and lee face angles were
low, and heights and lengths were larger during the flood season in 1998. The ebb and flood tidal currents, bed sediment sizes,
and dune morphology were largely controlled by the seasonal runoff variations. A new tentative boundary might be proposed
for natural dunes in very fine sand with the availability of additional field data in the future. 相似文献
7.
The estuary and coastal zone are the key areas for socio-economic development,and they are also the important channels for pollutants transported to the sea.The construction of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge changed the hydrodynamic condition of the bay,which made the self-purification capacity of the bay weakened and the pollution in the estuary and adjacent coastal zone become more serious.In this study,55 surface sediment samples were collected from the three seriously polluted estuaries and the adjacent coastal zone of Jiaozhou Bay to comprehensively study how the benthic foraminifera response to heavy metal pollution and human engineering,and to assess the ecological risks of the bay.A total of 80 species,belonging to 42 genera,were identified in this study.The results showed that Cu,Pb,Cr,Hg,Zn,and As had low to median ecological risks in the study area which would definitely affect the ecological system.The construction of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge has resulted in pollutants accumulated at the river mouth of Loushan River,which has adverse effects on the survival and growth of benthic foraminifera.The lowest population density and diversity as well as the highest FAI(Foraminiferal Abnormality Index)and FMI(Foraminiferal Monitoring Index)occurred at Loushan River Estuary which indicated that the ecological environment of the northeastern part of Jiaozhou Bay(Loushan River Estuary)had been seriously damaged.Licun River and Haipo River estuaries and the adjacent coastal zone were slightly polluted and had low ecological risk.As a consequence,it suggested that the supervision of industrial and domestic waste discharge and the protection of the ecological environment in northeast Jiaozhou Bay should be paid more attention. 相似文献
8.
杭州湾底质的粒度特征和泥沙来源 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
杭州湾底质的分布,与潮流、波浪作用以及泥沙来源有着密切的关系。作为强潮海湾的杭州湾,潮流作用是主要的动力因素。底质的粒径大小与水动力强度相适应。底质的类型以泥质粉砂和粉砂为主。底质的分布具有一定的规律性,从湾口向湾内,颗粒粒径由细到粗,分选则由差到好。杭州湾的泥沙来源,以海域来沙为主,其中主要是长江输出的泥沙,随涨潮流进入杭州湾。 相似文献
9.
潮汐河口泥沙运动复杂多变, 科学划分泥沙运动形式并评估其对航道淤积的影响, 是厘清航道淤积泥沙来源、制定有效减淤措施的关键。基于长江口深水航道所处南港—北槽河段2015年和2018年洪季、枯季表层沉积物和近底悬沙的现场采样数据, 分析提出潮汐条件下推移质、悬移质和时推时悬泥沙3类泥沙运动形式的粒径划分方法, 量化3类泥沙对深水航道淤积的贡献比例。结果表明: 近底悬沙级配曲线上拐点粒径对泥沙由推移质向悬移质转化具有较好的指示意义; 长江口南港—北槽悬沙、底沙交换显著, 深水航道淤积物中除仅做推移质或悬移质运动的泥沙外, 还包括大量的时推时悬泥沙, 其在航道淤积泥沙中的占比最高, 约达50%~60%;南港段航道洪季、枯季推移质淤积占比分别为36%和26%, 高于悬移质的6%和13%;北槽段航道悬移质落淤泥沙占比为44%~48%, 明显较推移质3%~6%的占比高。3类泥沙运动形式粒径划分方法为深化潮汐河口泥沙运动规律认识、判别航道淤积泥沙来源提供了新途径。 相似文献
10.
汕头近岸海域表层沉积物粒度特征及其输运趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对汕头近岸海域70个站位表层沉积物作了粒度分析和粒度参数计算,以探讨沉积物粒度分布特征。分析结果显示,研究区表层沉积物可划分为9种底质类型,以黏土质粉砂（YT）、砂质粉砂（ST）和砂-粉砂-黏土（S-T-Y）为主;砾、砂、粉砂和黏土的平均含量分别为1.4％,29.2％,51.0％,18.4％。平均粒径在0.12~7.30 之间变化,平均值为5.53 ;分选系数、偏态和峰态值的变化范围分别为0.50~2.94,-0.65~0.30和0.63~2.67,对应的平均值为1.82,-0.02和1.11。根据粒度分析结果,结合系统聚类方法和因子分析方法将研究区分为四类沉积区,分别代表不同的沉积环境,并应用GSTA模型分析了沉积物净输运趋势。结果显示,在汕头港水深＜10 m的海区,径流来沙和海域来沙有在榕江入海口和近岸汇聚的趋势;水深＞10 m的海区,沉积物呈现出明显的沿海岸线东北向输运的特征;在柘林湾,沉积物主要表现为弱的由海岸/海岛向海湾输运的特征。粒径趋势模型所揭示的这种沉积物输运格局与研究区的物源和水动力状况较好吻合,可为研究区港口建设和航道管理的决策提供参考资料。 相似文献
11.
基于海南西部四更沙及其邻近海域185个底质的粒度数据,并结合研究区动力状况和水深地形特征,研究表层沉积物的组分和类型分布、粒度参数及其沉积环境分区。结果表明:①研究区沉积物类型多样,包括12种沉积类型,以砂质粉砂、粉砂、粉砂质砂和含砾砂为主,沉积物平均粒径变化范围较大(-0.70~7.13 φ),且大体呈现由北向南逐渐变细的分布趋势;②运用Fleming的三角图式,结合物源状况及地形地貌条件,对沉积环境进行划分,将研究区划分为四更沙岸外海滨沉积区、北黎湾中部沉积区和八所港近岸沉积区等3个沉积区;③研究区沉积物分布特征受沉积物来源和水动力及地形条件共同影响。横向分布上,西部主要受强潮流输沙影响,东部近岸则主要受波浪掀沙和搬运作用影响,表现为两侧粗,中间相对较细的特征。纵向上,四更沙岸外海滨沉积区,沉积物主要受昌化江影响,粒径粗,表现为河口沉积特征;北黎湾中部沉积区,沉积物粒径分布范围广,表现为较强的过渡区特性;八所港近岸沉积区,沉积物粒径最细,泥沙来源主要为外海带来的泥沙。 相似文献
12.
在深圳湾西北部海域进行表层沉积物取样,通过粒度分析获取沉积物粒度参数。结果表明,该海域中北部沉积物以粉砂为主,分选较差;局部有较粗的砂、砾沉积物分布,分选性差。地质统计分析结果显示,粒度参数半方差—距离的相关性与沉积物粒度参数的空间分布有关,剔除空间“异常”值后,可在半方差图中获取粒度参数的变程值,并将其作为粒径趋势模型的特征距离。粒径趋势分析表明,海湾西部海域的沉积物向东北净输运,深圳河口海域的沉积物偏西向输运,从而在海湾北部近岸海域形成一个沉积物汇聚中心,这与水动力观测结果基本吻合。此外,210Pb测年结果也表明,这个沉积物汇聚中心的沉积速率也相应较高,显示出较强的淤积趋势。 相似文献
13.
《China Geology》2019,2(4):522-529
In recent years, development activities have had a significant impact on the environment of the Jiaozhou Bay, China. To ensure the sustainable economic and social development of the Jiaozhou Bay area, it is necessary to strengthen corresponding control measures. The important prerequisite is to properly understand the environmental conditions laws of natural change, especially the dynamic processes of sediment and the characteristics of landform evolution. Based on the data of continuous observation at 6 stations in Jiaozhou Bay for 25 hours, the Hydrodynamic Eutrophication Model (HEM-3D) was used to simulate the sediment erosion and deposition. The results show that the maximum suspended sediment concentration in the sea area of Jiaozhou Bay is about 40 mg/L, which appears in the northwestern area of the bay top and the Cangkou watercourse area, and the low concentration is located in the area of the central Jiaozhou Bay towards the bay mouth. The suspended sediment is 6–10 mg/L. Affected by a decrease in seawater material, the direction of the prevailing current in the Jiaozhou Bay area is different from that of the sediment transport. The velocity of the flood current is higher than that of the ebb current. However, during flood tide, the flux of resuspended seafloor sediment outside and at the mouth of the bay is limited and cannot contribute significantly to the suspended sediment in the bay. During ebb tide, the resuspended sediment at the shallow-water bay head and the east and west sides spreads toward the bay mouth with the ebb current, although it extends beyond the bay through the bay mouth. The research results can provide scientific support for the Jiaozhou Bay project construction and environmental protection. 相似文献
14.
15.
针对长江口12.5 m深水航道的回淤问题,收集整理了2010—2012年的航道回淤资料和水文测验资料,研究了航道回淤的时空变化特征及其与径流、潮流和含沙量的关系。结果表明:航道回淤呈洪季大、枯季小的年内变化特征,大风骤淤明显;航道回淤沿程主要集中在南港—圆圆沙段和北槽中下段,其回淤量占全航道的80%以上。南港—圆圆沙段回淤的泥沙颗粒以细砂为主,回淤强度与径流的关系不密切,与潮流的关系表现为大潮大、小潮小。北槽航道回淤泥沙颗粒以粉砂为主,回淤部位随径、潮流变化而变化,表现为径流增大,回淤部位下移;潮动力减弱,回淤部位上提。长江口拦门沙水域泥沙的再悬浮,可能是航道淤积最主要的泥沙来源。 相似文献
16.
潮滩表层沉积物磁性特征的季节性变化及其对沉积动力作用的响应:以杭州湾北岸为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
根据2004年9月—2005年8月杭州湾北岸中潮滩固定观测点重复采集的表层沉积物的磁学参数和粒度分析,探讨了研究区域潮滩沉积物磁学性质的季节性变化及其对沉积动力的响应。 结果表明, 该观测点潮滩沉积物磁学参数存在显著的月际变化,2004年12月底—2005年5月上旬的半年中,SIRM、χARM、χfd%、χARM/χ、χARM/SIRM等参数出现高值,指示了沉积物中含有较多的细晶粒亚铁磁性矿物,对应于潮滩淤积时段和较细的沉积物粒级组成,其余各月上述磁参数值较低,对应于潮滩沉积物较粗的侵蚀期。上述结果表明,沉积物的磁性特征可以很好地反映潮滩冲淤过程中沉积动力的变化。 相似文献
17.
Luiz Carlos Cotovicz Junior Eunice da Costa Machado Nilva Brandini Rafaela Cristine Zem Bastiaan Adriaan Knoppers 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(2):373-386
This study addresses the distribution of total phosphorus (TP) and its inorganic (IP) and organic (OP) fractions, grain-size and organic matter of surface and recent sediments, coupled to the behavior of total and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (TP and DIP) of the water column, of the semi-pristine Guaratuba Bay estuary, SE Brazil. Surface sediment samples were taken at 43 sites spread along the estuarine gradient and recent sediments from 3 short (35 cm long) cores from the upper, central and lower portions of the estuary, respectively. Highest TP and IP concentrations of surface sediments were detected within the upper sector and the transition zone between the upper and central sectors, all characterized by fine sediments, low salinities and water depths. In contrast, the lower sector and its narrow and deep tidal channel, subject to more intense tidal forcing, exhibited a higher fraction of sandy sediments with lower TP, IP and OP contents. In spite of the spatial variability in sediment grain size, IP corresponded to the major fraction of TP in all estuarine sectors and both TP and IP correlated significantly with the fine sedimentary (silt + clay) grain-size fraction. The fine surface sediments acted as a trap for IP at the fresh water–low salinity interface, which also corresponded to the region of a DIP sink in surface waters. In general, the short sediment cores showed that TP and IP contents increased from 15 cm depths to the top layer. Published sedimentation rates from additional cores taken at the sites of the short cores of this study, implied that depositional alterations of TP and IP increased during the early 1970s, which corresponded to the onset of anthropogenic disturbances from crop plantations in the lowland plains of the river end-member and urbanization at the estuary’s mouth and along the adjacent coast. 相似文献
18.
为适应伶仃洋茅洲河口治理开发条件,以保证行洪顺畅为泄洪纳潮的首要原则,同时顺应水沙运动和河势发展规律,对河口进行治导线比选和优化。该河口治导线方案分单、双通道,两类通道不同扩宽率下设计有围填、围填加开挖2种方案,开展水动力泥沙数学模拟计算和物理模型试验。结果表明:河口治导线各方案对伶仃洋涨、落潮流速的影响范围主要集中在交椅湾及其附近海域;方案实施后,周边海区冲淤变化较小,未对河势造成不利影响;根据对水动力、河口泄洪、河势稳定影响的综合分析,单双通道相比较而言,对洪水位、纳潮量、高低潮位、流速、河床冲淤的影响规律具有较好的一致性,相同扩宽率下各方案的影响程度均在同量级。 相似文献
19.
This study reconstructed environmental changes to the seafloor associated with reclamation in Mishou Bay, Bungo Channel, Japan, based on measurements of sediment grain size, organic matter and sulfur contents of surface sediments and data from sediment cores. Grain size within sediment cores from the middle of Mishou Bay decreased from the beginning of the 1800s to the 1900s. In contrast, a grain size profile from the river mouth shows a gradual increase in grain size up through the sediment core. These changes in grain size indicate a decrease in tidal current velocity within the middle of the bay and that the delta system is gradually prograding from the river mouth. Records of organic matter composition and sulfur contents indicate that the effect of the river on seafloor sedimentation became stronger during the nineteenth century. These changes are related to reclamation during the late 1700s and 1800s. The decrease in sea area resulting from reclamation probably led to a decrease in tidal prism and current velocity. It is likely that the increasing effect of river water on sedimentation is associated with reclamation-related progradation of the river delta system. 相似文献
20.
崖州湾宁远河河口区位于海南岛南侧，是以陆源为主、沉积环境相对简单的小型河流入海沉积区。分别在宁远河中游、下游、河流两侧海岸带以及近岸300余米的滩坝处，采集了5根重力柱状样、55个底质沉积物样品，通过粒度分析和同位素测试，对研究区近代沉积物沉积环境、空间展布规律和水动力演化规律进行了详细探讨。结果发现，研究区主要以河流三角洲沉积为主，在空间上，根据沉积物粒度和分选将研究区划分为五类沉积环境分区；在时间上，近百年来不同地区的水动力变化有所区别，入海口附近区域水体动荡随时间变化频繁；而河道上游附近区域水体条件变化小，形成明显的沉积旋回。 相似文献