共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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基于离散小波变换的油气检测技术 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
小波变换的时频双重局部化特性，是处理非平稳地震信号的有效方法。尝试利用离散小波变换提取地震道信号的特征参数。并根据提取的小波参数，寻求其变化规律，从而直接进行油气检测。首先，在选择不同的小波母函数的基础上，对给定的地震道数据进行小波特征参数提取；最后对小波参数值进行分析、比较以优选油气识别的小波特征参数；然后进行小波特征参数的综合；再根据已知井位的油气属性，确定归类门槛值。通过研究认为，该方法具有可行性。 相似文献
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探地雷达信号特征分析和分辨率提高方法研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探地雷达信号的奇异点或突变点作为雷达信号的重要特征通常反映介质重要信息,如电性变化界面或异常体等。分析了探地雷达信号在Hilbert变换下,利用小波变换确定探地雷达信号奇异点位置的方法。解决了传统傅立叶变换只能从整体检测探地雷达信号奇异性的局限性。并且由于小波变换良好的时频局部化特性,进一步讨论了其在提高探地雷达信号分辨率的研究中的应用。 相似文献
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地震动信号的小波分析 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
小波分析是一种新的数学方法,因具有良好的时频局部化性质而优于传统的傅立叶分析。地震动是由于地城引起的地面运动,其时间历程函数表现为具有突变特征的非平稳随机过程,因此更适于利用小波变换进行频谱分析。我们在总结小波分析基本原理和方法的基础上,首次利用小波变换分别对地震动加速度时程和速度时程进行了分解和重构,对地震动信号分解结果做了相应频谱分析,并对其小波分析的工程意义进行了初步探索。 相似文献
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探地雷达目标回波信号通常会受到串扰(或直达波)、随机噪声等的干扰,致使目标信号难以分辨。利用小波分析的时频局部化特性和多道探地雷达记录中直达波、目标回波信号以及随机噪声等的不同相关性,对探地雷达记录进行小波分解,得到多频段的小波剖面,再对不同频段的小波剖面做KL变换,实现了串扰抑制。通过实验数据和现场实测数据验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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大地电磁测深数据的时频分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大地电磁测深(MT)数据表现出非线性、非平稳、非最小相位特征,不符合以Fourier变化为基础的传统谱分析的基本要求.为寻求更好的谱分析方法,把最新发展的Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)引入到大地电磁测深数据的时频分析当中来,针对湖北宜万线实测的MT信号,与短时Fourier变换(STFT)、Winger-Ville分布(WVD)和小波变换(WT)进行了时频分析比较.比较分析表明:HHT方法克服了其它一些方法的缺陷,完全取消了窗函数的作用,其结果不受核函数影响与时频测不准原理限制,具有完全的局部时频特性和更好的时频聚集性.分析认为HHT是一种全新而更优越的分析与处理大地电磁测深信号的时频方法,能更好地提取信号的时频本质特征,用于指导生产勘测实践. 相似文献
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在分析地震资料时,因吸收和衰减等原因,地震信号往往呈现出非稳态性。时频分解方法能将地震信号分解成多个稳态的子成分,从而为描述和分析地震信号的属性提供了便利,如短时傅里叶变换、小波分析、经验模式分解(EMD)等方法。本文引入了一种新的时频分析方法——局部均值分解(LMD)。该方法将地震信号按其时频属性分解成多个乘积分量信号(PFs),较EMD分解所得的固有模态函数(IMFs)保留了更多的局部信息,同时模态混叠效应更少。对模型数据和实际数据的处理结果验证了LMD方法能够合理地分解地震信号,更准确地描述地震资料中不同时间尺度的构造信息,为进一步的地震数据处理和解释提供参考。 相似文献
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小波神经网络在基桩动测信号处理中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于小波变换的时频局部化特性及人工神经网络的非线性映射特性，将小波变换和人工神经网络的优点结合起来，从基桩动测信号二进小波变换的频域中提取特征，最后将这些特征输入人工神经网络进行训练和分类，进而实现基桩缺陷的诊断。数值模拟试验显示了该方法的合理性，在此基础上进行了工程桩的现场试验研究，结果表明训练成功的神经网络可以作为智能分类器对基桩常见缺陷进行识别和诊断。 相似文献
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由于条件与经费的限制,在实际地震资料采集过程中,常常会遇到获得的地震资料较稀疏或不规则,导致空间假频、采样不规则的问题,影响地震资料的成像效果。可利用地震道空间插值来解决这些问题,提升地震数据处理结果品质。曲波变换的基函数是具有倾角、频率、时间三方面同时局部化的函数,它可以对空间信号做稀疏表达,适合地震资料的插值处理。本文采用该方法对理论模型数据和实际VSP数据作插值处理,解决不规则采样、空间假频问题。实际应用表明该方法精度高,插值准确,处理结果的振幅和同相轴连续性好。 相似文献
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The braided channel sedimentary sand is a kind of common oil reservoir, which is characteristic of poor regularity structure and complicated oil water relation. Seismic trace can be remodeled by wavelet decomposition, namely seismic trace is decomposed into a series of different attribute wavelets. The different reflection is obtained by the different attribute wavelets, thus prediction accuracy of braided channel sedimentary sand is improved. The seismic signal treated by matching pursuit method has good focusing capability of instantaneous spectrum, based on which the seismic signal is simply and rapidly remodeled by time frequency decomposition. The seismic data of Kendong 701 area were processed based on matching pursuit time frequency decomposition. The results showed that the interpretability of oil reservoir was improved and the seismic reflection characteristics and drilling data were well related. The braided channel sedimentary sands of Minghuazheng and Guantao group strata in Kendong 701 area were predicted, and the results showed that the reservoir distribution had the obvious braided channel features. Based on the predictions, three wells were located and the prediction and drilled results were consistent. 相似文献
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阵列声波测井信号的时频局域相关能量分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
提出了一种基于信号时、频局域相关能量的新的时-频信号分析方法——Rihaczek分布,对多极子阵列声波测井信号进行了分析。该方法有着比较明确的物理意义,对不同岩性、构造的响应具有很好的区分和识别能力。声波的Rihaczek分布对不同的岩性,以及由不同岩性组成的构造破碎带具有明显不同的表现特征。利用相应的模式识别方法,可以对这些岩性、构造进行有效的区分和识别。 相似文献
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小波分析以其良好的时-频局部化效果,能够用来分析时间序列不同频率的非稳定能量特征。目前,有许多可供选择的小波函数,这些函数的时-频特征各不相同,根据研究目的选择合适的分析小波函数就显得非常重要。针对常用的几个实数和复数小波函数,以Nino3海面季度平均温度时间序列(1871—1996,5oS～5o N,90o～150o W)为例,分别研究它们的时-频特征,希望为实际应用过程中选择合适的分析小波提供依据。研究发现,消失矩越大,时域小波越窄,时间分辨率增强,波动幅度越大;而频域小波与时域相反。复数的Morlet小波具有良好的频率分析能力,而Mexican hat小波(Gauss函数的二阶导数)则具有优秀的时间分辨能力。相对小波的总能量谱,复数小波的实部或虚部的能量谱能够明显提高分析结果的时间分辨率,但并不影响小波的频域分辨力。 相似文献
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This paper describes how the continuous wavelet transform is used to filter multiple waveforms in both time and frequency domains. It is well suited to process the stationary signals, and it shows the signal in both time and frequency scales. This new approach was tested first on synthetic data and then on real data. The results obtained on both cases were good. The method consists of identifying the multiples on which we apply a normal move out using the multiple velocity law. The multiples will be aligned and the primary reflections will not be aligned. This operation allows locating the multiples in the time-scale domain. We compute the continuous wavelet transform (CWT for short) in order to focus on the patterns relative to seismic events. To filter the multiples, we define a zone with frequency and time bounds. These bounds are deduced from the projection of the seismic trace. Then an automatic mask is applied to the pattern to be isolated. Filtering in time–frequency domain is done by keeping only the wavelet coefficients that are outside the mask and assigning zero to the coefficients larger than a threshold amplitude inside the defined zone. The mask shape does not matter, which is not the case in classical filtering, where both the window size and shape play a key role. The mask is defined from three parameters: time, frequency, and the wavelet coefficients. To go back to the time domain, one has to compute the wavelet transform inverse of the trace. This procedure is repeated for all traces. To reset the traces to their initial positions, we apply the dynamic correction inverse with the same velocity law as the multiples. It turns out that the attenuation of multiples by the CWT works fine, in particular, the two identified multiples were quasi eliminated (Fig. 10). 相似文献
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局部平面波分解的计算精度和计算效率对高斯波数偏移存在较大的影响。笔者分析了目前常用的时间域、频率域、频率波数域3种不同域的局部平面波分解方法,给出了3种不同计算方式下局部平面波分解的具体计算公式;并结合局部平面波分解的特征,针对不同域下的局部平面波分解算法采取合理的程序设计思想,对多组模拟数据应用不同域的局部平面波分解算法进行计算精度和计算效率的对比。通过对比分析可知,应用频率波数域的局部平面波分解,不但提高了计算的准确度,而且相对于时间域和频率域局部平面波分解能够提高近60%的计算效率,为下一步进行偏移成像更高效地提供了精确的数据。 相似文献
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Patterns of crystallographic preferred orientation are referred to as texture. The specific subject of texture analysis is
the experimental determination and interpretation of the statistical distribution of orientations of crystals within a specimen
of polycrystalline material, which could be metals or rocks. The objective is to relate an observed pattern of preferred orientation
to its generating processes and vice versa. In geosciences, texture of minerals in rocks is used to infer constraints on their
tectono-metamorphic history. Since most physical properties of crystals, such as elastic moduli, the coefficients of thermal
expansion, or chemical resistance to etching depends on crystal symmetry and orientation, the presence of texture imparts
directional properties to the polycrystalline material.
A major issue of mathematical texture analysis is the resolution of the inverse problem to determine a reasonable orientation
density function on SO(3) from measured pole intensities on
, which relates to the inverse of the totally geodesic Radon transform. This communication introduces a wavelet approach into
mathematical texture analysis. Wavelets on the two-dimensional sphere
and on the rotational group SO(3) are discussed, and an algorithms for a wavelet decomposition on both domains following the
ideas of Ta-Hsin Li is given. The relationship of these wavelets on both domains with respect to the totally geodesic Radon
transform is investigated. In particular, it is shown that the Radon transform of these wavelets on SO(3) are again wavelets
on
. A novel algorithm for the inversion of experimental pole intensities to an orientation density function based on this relationship
is developed. 相似文献