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1.
In Rhodesia strata-bound tungsten deposits together with submarine metavolcanics can be found in two formations of the older Precambrium. In the lower portion of the Bulawayan formation (about 2900 million years) there is an horizon with W, Au, Sb, As and banded iron stones. The tungsten mineralisation consists of scheelite. In the Piriwiri formation (about 1950 million years) within the upper part of the Lomagundi system a tungsten horizon contains scheelite as well as wolframite. The scheelite mineralisations of both formations show ore fabrics like those described and illustrated by R. Höll, A. Maucher and H. Westenberger (1972) from two strata-bound scheelite deposits of the Eastern Alps. These deposits of the Alps (R. Höll 1971) belong to the Early Paleozoic. This is an age of many strata-bound deposits of the Sb-W-Hg-formation, which are also related to a submarine volcanism and associated with lineaments (a Circumpacific and an Eurasiatic-Mediterranean branch) along the margins of the ancient continents (A. Maucher 1965). Genetically the strata-bound tungsten mineralisations of the Bulawayan formation, the Piriwiri formation and the Early Paleozoic are very similar.
Zusammenfassung In Rhodesien treten schichtgebundene Wolframvorkommen zusammen mit submarinen Metavulkaniten in zwei Zeitabschnitten des älteren Präkambriums auf. Die Vererzung im unteren Teil der Bulawayan Formation (etwa 2900 Millionen Jahre) führt W, Au, Sb, As und banded iron stones. Die Wolframmineralisation besteht aus Scheelit. In der Piriwiri Formation (rund 1950 Millionen Jahre) innerhalb des oberen Teils des Lomagundi Systems enthält ein Wolframhorizont sowohl Scheelit als auch Wolframit. Die Scheelitvererzung beider Formationen zeigt Gefüge, die mit jenen weitgehend übereinstimmen, die von R. Höll, A. Maucher und H. Westenberger (1972) von zwei schichtgebundenen Scheelitvorkommen der Ostalpen beschrieben und abgebildet wurden. Diese Vorkommen in den Alpen (R. Höll 1971) liegen im Altpaläozoikum, einem Zeitraum mit vielen schichtgebundenen Vorkommen der Sb-W-Hg-Formation, die ebenfalls auf einen submarinen Vulkanismus zu beziehen sind und mit Lineamenten (mit einem zirkumpazifischen und einem eurasiatisch-mediterranen Ast) an den Rändern der alten Kontinente in Verbindung stehen (A. Maucher 1965). Genetisch sind die schichtgebundenen Scheelitvererzungen der Bulawayan Formation, der Piriwiri Formation und des Altpaläozoikums einander sehr ähnlich.相似文献
2.
铀钨矿床是一种新矿床类型。其主要矿物是白钨矿和沥青铀矿，它们既有共生，也有伴生。钨以白钨矿细脉、分散状微粒白钨矿和吸附状等形式产出。钨与铀的成矿过程可划分为六个阶段。矿岩时差较大。钨来源于已固结的花岗石，它是由地下热水或热卤水从已固结的花岗岩中浸取出来的。钨（铀）矿化是在低温条件下，在有利的构造岩性中沉淀富集而成的，不是岩浆热液矿床 相似文献
3.
J. L. Fernndez-Turiel M. E. Durn X. Querol A. Lpez-Soler 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1992,43(3)
The scheelite dispersion was studied in a drainage system over an area of 150 km2 with stratabound mineralization of scheelite in a Pre-Ordovician volcano-sedimentary Series in the Hercynian Iberian Massif (Zamora province, NW Spain). A density of two samples per square kilometer (approximately 500 m sample spacing along streams), a sample volume of 10 l and sieving at 5 mm ensure that an anomaly source is detected. It was found that the dispersion of scheelite is typically less than 1 km. The methods applied to panned concentrates (mineralometric scheelite study, with or without multifractional grain size basis, and X-ray fluorescence tungsten analysis) give similar anomaly patterns and are efficient in exploration for scheelite mineralization. 相似文献
4.
聚源钨矿是华南地区为数不多的大型石英脉型白钨矿矿床之一。在详细的野外地质调查基础上,本文利用α径迹蚀刻、电子显微镜、扫描电镜以及电子探针等实验手段,对该矿床含钨和含铀矿物开展了精细矿物学的研究工作,探讨了成矿过程中钨和铀的富集规律。研究显示,该矿床钨铀矿物的形成可分为四个阶段:第一阶段,钨铀主要进入富含Nb、Ti的氧化物矿物,形成铌铁矿、钇易解石等富钨矿物,另有极少量的钨进入黑钨矿和早阶段白钨矿;第二阶段,铌铁矿与钇易解石被后期流体交代,形成含钨富铀的骑田岭矿、铌锰矿以及钛-钇易解石;第三阶段,钨进入中阶段白钨矿,这一阶段也是钨最主要的矿化阶段;第四阶段,钨进入晚阶段白钨矿。最后两阶段白钨矿中铀含量不高。骑田岭矿(WO_3 26.74%～29.68%),是聚源钨矿中除白钨矿和黑钨矿之外钨含量最高的含钨矿物。该矿易解石族矿物WO_3最高可达9.80%,极度富钨,是目前有文可查的钨含量最高的易解石。聚源钨矿中的含钨矿物大多数为白钨矿,但绝大多数的白钨矿却在骑田岭矿、易解石族矿物、铌铁矿族矿物、黑钨矿之后形成,说明成矿流体在演化过程中,绝大多数W首先进入富含Nb、Ti的含铀矿物和少量黑钨矿,之后才是白钨矿的大量结晶。 相似文献
5.
U–Pb SHRIMP analyses of zircons from various lithologies and ore bodies of the Felbertal scheelite deposit (western and eastern ore field) and neighbouring areas allow the reconstruction of the pre-Alpine magmatic and metamorphic processes responsible for the tungsten mineralization. The ore deposit belongs to the Magmatic Rock Formation, which is tectonically squeezed between the Habach Phyllite Formation and the Basal Schist Formation (all members of the Habach Group). In both the eastern and western ore field, the pre-mineralization geological processes are marked by the emplacement of basalts (547±27?Ma). Ensialic back-arc extension provided pathways for gabbroic and pyroxenitic melts as well as normal "I-type" granitoids (minimum crystallization age of 529±18?Ma). The rock assemblage forms a magmatic arc on an approximately 2?Ga continental Gondwana (?) margin. Post-emplacement tectonism and metamorphism have converted the basalts to fine-grained amphibolites, the gabbroic and pyroxenitic rocks to coarse-grained amphibolites and hornblendites, and the granitoids to leucocratic orthogneisses, respectively. Tungsten mineralization is intimately related to small patches and dikes of differentiated granitoids in the eastern ore field and the K2 ore body in the western ore field. The granitic melts have supposedly been generated by ongoing differentiation of calcalkaline magmas. They cut the older lithologies and intruded along the same pathways as the earlier melts. Fluids have been carried up along a major line in the eastern ore field. They caused the formation of an elongate ore body with a scheelite-quartz stockwork zone (scheelite-bearing quartz veinlets and veins) and an overlying, likewise elongate, 900-m-long, scheelite-rich quartzite lens. In the western ore field, accompanying fluids produced the K2 ore body. In this ore body, an eruption breccia occurs above a mineralized quartzite. The breccia (younger than 529±18?Ma) contains mineralized quartzite clasts as well as barren fine-grained amphibolite clasts and leucocratic orthogneiss-clasts that are similar to the surrounding host rock equivalents. The quartzite, which represents the main mineralization stage of the K2 ore body, is unsuitable for dating. However, the scheelite-rich quartzite lens of the eastern ore field is probably coeval. This lens locally lies on top of a differentiated and strongly mineralized gneiss. The crystallization age of this gneiss is 529±17?Ma, and marks the peak of tungsten input in the eastern ore field. Small, differentiated granitic dikes, which cut both the K2 eruption breccia and the K2 quartzite in the western ore field, contain only minor scheelite and mark a decrease in mineralization at 519±14?Ma. Thus, a period between 530 and 520?Ma and a setting between magmatic arc and (ensialic) back-arc may properly explain the likely scenario for the primary tungsten input (stage-1 scheelite) by differentiated granitic melts of calcalkaline character. Surprisingly, a second stage-2 scheelite formation was induced in the western ore field by a Variscan granite intrusion (K1–K3 gneiss; 336±19?Ma), the emplacement time of which is pre-dated by a cross-cutting dacitic dike of 340±5?Ma. This mineralization, which occurs in small quartz veins and within a quartz aureole atop the intrusion as well as an even younger mineralization in shear zones (yellowish-fluorescent stage-2 scheelite porphyroblasts), is bracketed between 355?Ma (the upper age limit of the K1–K3 gneiss precursor) and 335?Ma (the lower age limit of the dacitic dike, which is stage-2 scheelite free). Supposedly, long-lasting Variscan (amphibolite facies) metamorphic conditions till 282±2?Ma extended the scheelite remobilization. They caused a further dispersion of scheelite and induced the growth of individual grains and of rims around older grains (bluish-fluorescent stage-3 scheelite). The Alpine metamorphism of lower amphibolite to upper greenschist facies conditions caused a further, minor scheelite remobilization, especially along some faults and quartz veins, including sparse, but large, whitish-bluish-fluorescent crystals (stage-4 scheelite). 相似文献
6.
矽卡岩矿物特征是确定矽卡岩矿床成因的关键证据之一。曹家坝钨矿床是湘中盆地新探明的大型钨矿床,矿体呈似层状产于中泥盆统棋梓桥组灰岩与跳马涧组碎屑岩之间硅钙界面附近。矿区内发育大量矽卡岩矿物,但是未见到岩浆岩。文章通过钻孔编录、矿物的显微特征和电子探针分析,确定了曹家坝钨矿床的成因类型。研究表明曹家坝钨成矿作用与矽卡岩关系密切;石榴子石存在早、晚2个阶段,早阶段石榴子石以钙铝榴石和钙铁榴石为主,晚阶段以钙铝榴石和铁铝榴石-锰铝榴石为主;辉石以钙铁辉石为主;绿泥石主要是铁镁绿泥石。根据矽卡岩的矿物特征,结合发育磁黄铁矿和伴生金矿化等特征,提出曹家坝钨矿床可能是还原性远端矽卡岩型钨矿床。 相似文献
7.
大溶澳白钨矿床,赋存于震旦系南沱砂岩中,为层状、似层状矿床,含矿4层,具开采价值的为上部I矿层,白钨矿为矿石中单一的有用矿物,平均WO_3为0.486％,成矿作用与大神山花岗岩侵入作用有关,属沉积一改造型层控白钨矿床。 相似文献
8.
P. W. Uitterdijk Appel 《Mineralogy and Petrology》1988,39(2):79-91
Summary In the Archaean Malene supracrustal rocks of West Greenland different types of stratiform tourmalinites have been found. The present article describes schistose anthophyllite-rich tourmalinites hosted in anthophyllite-cordierite schists. It is shown that the boron is of submarine exhalative origin and was absorbed from seaweater by clay minerals. Tourmaline was formed at an early stage of metamorphism up to staurolite grade. At higher metamorphic grades staurolite became unstable and porphyroblasts of cordierite and tourmaline were formed. The boron is suggested to be from the same brines which supplied tungsten for the extensive stratabound scheelite occurrences found in banded amphibolites and in some tourmalinites in the Malene supracrustal belt.
Stratiforme Turmalinite in der archaischen Wolfram-Provinz von West-Grönland
Zusammenfassung In den archaischen suprakrustalen Gesteinen Westgrönlands kommen verschiedene schichtgebundene Turmalinite vor. Schiefrige anthophyllitreiche Turmalinite, die in Anthophyllit-Cordierit-Schiefern auftreten, sind der Gegenstand dieser Untersuchung. Das Bor stammt aus submarinen Exhalationen und wurde an Tonmineralen absorbiert. Turmalin wurde bereits in einem frühen Stadium der Metamorphose bis hin zur Staurolith-Fazies gebildet. Mit steigender Metamorphose bildeten sich Cordierit- und Turmalin-Porphyroblasten auf Kosten von Staurolith. Es wird angenommen, daß das Wolfram in den weitverbreiteten schichtgebundenen Scheelitvorkommen der suprakrustalen Gesteine des Malene-Gürtels ebenso wie das Bor aus submarinen Exhalationen stammt.相似文献
9.
10.
江西省香炉山钨矿是江南古陆斑岩-矽卡岩钨多金属成矿带内具有代表性的早白垩世矽卡岩型钨矿床。矿床的WO3储量约为22万t,平均品位约为0.641%。矿床的矿体以似层状和透镜状产出于燕山期黑云母花岗岩和寒武系杨柳岗组泥灰岩的接触带。本文在详细厘定成矿阶段矿物组合的基础上,对不同阶段产出的不同世代的白钨矿开展了原位LA-ICP-MS微量元素的系统测试。香炉山钨矿床可以划分为四个成矿阶段:矽卡岩阶段、退化蚀变阶段、石英-硫化物-白钨矿阶段和方解石-萤石阶段。根据各阶段矿物组合及与白钨矿共生关系,本次研究划分出四个阶段六个世代的白钨矿,分别为阶段Ⅰ白钨矿(产于云英岩中)、阶段Ⅱa和阶段Ⅱb白钨矿(产于退化蚀变岩)、阶段Ⅲa和阶段Ⅲb白钨矿(产于硫化物条带,Ⅲa为白钨矿核部,Ⅲb为白钨矿边部)和阶段Ⅳ白钨矿(产于石英-硫化物-白钨矿脉)。白钨矿的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图有下凹型(阶段Ⅰ、阶段Ⅱa、阶段Ⅲb)、右倾型(阶段Ⅳ)和下凹右倾型(阶段Ⅲa)。各阶段白钨矿的微量元素特征表明,香炉山钨矿床白钨矿的∑REE含量高于世界上绝大部分脉状金和钨矿床,也高于我国华南地区钨多金属矿床。白钨矿中REE3+与Ca2+主要的替代机制为3Ca2+=2REE3++Ca(为一个Ca空位)。白钨矿的REE和Eu异常由流体决定,可以用来示踪流体的演化过程,Eu的活动主要以Eu2+为主。香炉山钨矿床为还原性矿床,不同阶段白钨矿中Mo等元素含量的变化指示流体演化各阶段的还原性强弱有波动。不同阶段白钨矿的稀土和微量元素特征有较大变化。香炉山白钨矿稀土元素的超常富集原因和机制仍有待进一步研究和探讨。 相似文献
11.
白钨矿精矿中黑钨矿的物相分析,与黑钨矿中少量白钨矿的物相分析一样,都是由于两者的含量相差过于悬殊,很艰找到合适的选择性溶剂和条件,得到较为满意的分析结果,所以至今仍为国内外尚未过关的课题.本文应用新的选择性溶剂-结晶氯化铝,它比以往使用的那一种选择性溶剂对白钨矿的溶出率要大,采取适当措施后黑钨矿的溶出率可以降低得很小,并且对钨矿中的一些常见共生的含钙矿物能同时全部除去,在此基础上测定残渣中的钨(黑钨矿和残剩少量白钨矿的和)和钙(白钨矿的钙),钙的含量按CaWO_4固定组成换算成白钨矿的钨,差减即得黑钨矿的钨. 相似文献
12.
矽卡岩型白钨矿是世界上最重要的钨矿类型,其储量约占钨矿总储量的一半。据统计,我国矽卡岩型白钨矿已占全国钨矿总储量的60％以上,因此,矽卡岩型白钨矿矿床的研究具有重要的经济和战略意义。前人对矽卡岩型白钨矿进行了广泛的科学研究并取得了众多的成果。本文在查阅整理前人资料的基础上,对矽卡岩型白钨矿矿床的时空分布、矿床地质特征、成矿与花岗岩的关系、成矿流体特征及成矿机制、成矿物质来源,国内外矿床对比等方面进行了综述,阐明了矽卡岩型白钨矿矿床的研究进展。 相似文献
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14.
湖南香花铺钨矿床含钙矿物的稀土元素地球化学 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6
香花铺矿床是湘南地区唯一的萤石-白钨矿型矿床。本文利用高精度LA-ICP-MS对该矿白钨矿和方解石中的稀土元素进行了原位分析。结果表明,该矿的白钨矿表现为LREE富集和正Eu异常特征,方解石则具有LREE富集型和相对平坦型两种稀土配分模式,且均呈现负Eu异常特征。该矿属于与岩浆活动有关的热液矿床,成矿流体在还原环境下的运移过程中,首先结晶出白钨矿和LREE富集型方解石,而后沉淀形成了具有相对平坦型REE模式的方解石。此外,稀土元素在该区矿物中的分布存在明显的不均一现象,在不同微区REE的含量、配分模式以及分异程度等均可能存在差异,其原因除了结晶过程中水动力学条件的变化,还可能与矿物结晶后颗粒外表层受流体作用的改造有关。 相似文献
15.
The Sangdong scheelite–molybdenite deposit in northeast South Korea consists of strata-bound orebodies in intercalated carbonate-rich layers in the Cambrian Myobong slate formation. Among them, the M1 layer hosts the main orebody below which lie layers of F1–F4 host footwall orebodies. Each layer was first skarnized with the formation of a wollastonite + garnet + pyroxene assemblage hosting minor disseminated scheelite. The central parts of the layers were subsequently crosscut by two series of quartz veining events hosting minor scheelite and major scheelite–molybdenite ores, respectively. The former veins associate amphibole–magnetite (amphibole) alteration, whereas the latter veins host quartz–biotite–muscovite (mica) alteration. Deep quartz veins with molybdenite mineralization are hosted in the Cambrian Jangsan quartzite formation beneath the Myobong formation. In the Sunbawi area, which is in close proximity to the Sangdong deposit, quartz veins with scheelite mineralization are hosted in Precambrian metamorphic basement. Three muscovite 39Ar–40Ar ages between 86.6 ± 0.2 and 87.2 ± 0.3 Ma were obtained from M1 and F2 orebodies from the Sangdong deposit and Sunbawi quartz veins. The Upper Cretaceous age of the orebodies is concordant with the published ages of the hidden Sangdong granite, 87.5 ± 4.5 Ma. This strongly suggests that the intrusion is causative for the Sangdong W–Mo ores and Sunbawi veins.Fluid inclusions in the quartz veins from the M1 and F2 orebodies, the deep quartz-molybdenite veins, and the Sunbawi veins are commonly liquid-rich aqueous inclusions having bubble sizes of 10–30 vol%, apparent salinities of 2–8 wt% NaCl eqv., and homogenization temperatures of 180–350 °C. The densities of the aqueous inclusions are 0.70–0.94 g/cm3. No indication of fluid phase separation was observed in the vein. To constrain the formation depth in the Sangdong deposit, fluid isochores are combined with Ti–in–quartz geothermometry, which suggests that the M1 and F2 orebodies were formed at depths of 1–3 km and 5–6 km below the paleosurface, respectively. The similarity of the Cs (cesium) concentrations and Rb/Sr ratios in the fluid inclusions of the respective orebodies indicate an origin from source magmas having similar degrees of fractionation and enrichment of incompatible elements such as W and Mo. High S concentrations in the fluids and possibly organic C in the sedimentary source likely promoted molybdenite precipitation in the Sangdong orebodies, whereas the scheelite deposition in the deep quartz–molybdenite veins hosted in the quartzite is limited by a lack of Ca and Fe in the hydrothermal fluids. The molybdenite deposition in the Sunbawi quartz–molybdenite veins hosted in the Precambrian metamorphic basement rocks was possibly limited by a lack of reducing agents such as organic C. 相似文献
16.
李创举 《大地构造与成矿学》2017,41(4):698-709
英德白水寨钨矿床位于粤北钨多金属成矿带雪山嶂矿田内,是近年来新发现的石英脉型钨矿床,初步探明储量已达中型规模。矿区浅部发育白钨矿线脉-细网脉密集带,往深部演化成黑钨矿细脉带,并在钙质地层发育地段形成了白钨矿体。与典型的石英脉型钨矿相比,该矿床具有浅部线细网-细脉带钨矿物"上白钨矿下黑钨矿"、发育细网脉与矽卡岩共存的白钨矿(化)体、矿石矿物组合中出现大量黄铁矿的特征,但总体属于石英脉型钨矿床,深部含矿岩浆热液是成矿的重要条件。详细的野外勘探资料显示,该矿床已具有"五层楼"成矿规律的雏形,物探成果指示深部岩体埋深0.5~1.2 km,而地表-浅部矿化带处于"五层楼"模式的细网脉标志带-细脉带的空间位置,矿区深部勘查脉带型钨矿有很大空间。 相似文献
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中条山地区八一铜矿床中白钨矿的发现及其找矿意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
中条山地区是我国重要铜矿基地之一,虽然区域资料中有钨的化探异常,但以往没有发现有价值的钨矿。文章在八一铜矿研究过程中,通过X射线荧光光谱野外快速分析仪检测、荧光灯检查、光薄片鉴定和电子探针分析,查定出含铜矿脉中赋存白钨矿矿物,其共伴生矿物主要是黄铜矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿,脉石矿物以方解石、白云石和石英为主。通过对白钨矿矿物、金属硫化物、主要脉石矿物的电子探针分析,结合碳同位素组成,初步判断八一铜矿为岩浆热液成因。八一铜矿脉中白钨矿的发现,不但对深入研究我国钨矿的区域成矿规律具有重要意义,也有助于丰富中条山地区的矿床学研究内容,拓展找矿思路。 相似文献
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湖南瑶岗仙钨多金属矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年和硫同位素分析及其地质意义 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
瑶岗仙钨多金属矿田位于南岭成矿带中部,由瑶岗仙黑钨矿床、青山里铅锌矿床以及和尚滩白钨矿床组成。野外地质调查显示,这3个矿床空间相邻,矿体产状和控矿因素相近。利用辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年,获得瑶岗仙黑钨矿床与和尚滩白钨矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄分别为(158±1.2)Ma(n=7,MSWD=1.3)和(160±3.3)Ma(n=6,MSWD=2.7),表明两种钨矿化是同期形成的,与瑶岗仙复式岩体的成岩事件在时空上吻合,是南岭地区第2次大规模成矿事件的典型代表。3个矿床的矿石矿物(黄铁矿、闪锌矿、辉钼矿)δ34S值介于-1.8‰~+1.4‰之间,分布集中且接近零值,表明成矿物质来源于岩浆。综合上述特征,这3个矿床系同一岩浆成矿作用,在成矿岩体不同距离、不同部位发生不同类型金属矿化的产物。 相似文献
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Tungsten mineralisation in the NE Hindu Kush terrain occurs 8 km NW of the Tirich Boundary Zone suture between Karakoram and Eastern Hindu Kush. Scheelite occurs mainly in calc-silicate rocks and subordinately in tourmalinites associated with metasediments at Miniki Gol, Chitral. The investigated area underwent two phases of deformation and was metamorphosed up to sillimanite grade, followed by the emplacement of leucogranite and hydrothermal activity. The mineral assemblages of the calc-silicate rocks, comprising clinozoisite, quartz, calcic-amphibole, plagioclase, chlorite, biotite, calcite, sphene, garnet and scheelite, clearly express a skarn type environment. The coexistence of the scheelite grains with clinozoisite and the occurrence of anomalous values of ZrO2 and Ta2O5 in the scheelite grains imply a genetic link between the scheelite mineralisation and post-magmatic hydrothermal fluids. The enrichment of Zr, Hf, Be, Sn, W, Th, U, Ga, Nb, F and Y along with total REE in the scheelite-bearing calc-silicate rocks compared with the associated metasediments assigns that the rocks at Miniki Gol have undergone a pronounced hydrothermal activity. Strong positive correlations between Zr, Hf, Nb, Y, Ta, F and REE, and the mobility of REE are consistent with this consideration. Aqueous fluid inclusions in the scheelite-bearing calc-silicate rocks display very low salinity, suggesting a mixing of magmatic fluids with meteoric water. The formation of intergrown scheelite and clinozoisite indicates a high pH and CO2-deficient fluid. The tungsten mineralization may be related to the Miniki Gol leucogranite which occurs at a distance of only 400 m. 相似文献