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Composite landfill liner design with Ankara clay, Turkey 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study presents an overview of the geotechnical properties of the clayey soils, referred to as Ankara clay, at two sites of the Ankara region in an attempt to design a landfill profile composed of a high density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane/clay composite liner through the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model and the Water Balance Method. The geotechnical properties of the landfill layers along with the water balance factors (i.e., evapotranspiration, precipitation, temperature, etc.) were assessed to determine the height of the water-saturated zone in the refuse above the composite liner for landfill design. The cumulative expected leakage rates through the composite liner constructed with compacted Ankara clay were related quantitatively to the cumulative average leachate head. The results of this investigation show that the leakage rates through the composite liner are within tolerable limits. 相似文献
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Clay-bearing Upper Pliocene red clastics and Quaternary alluvial deposits occupy the Ankara basin. The clayey levels of the Upper Pliocene deposits, referred to as Ankara clay, is considered as a source for compacted clay liners due to their low coefficients of permeability and widespread distributions throughout Ankara. This study investigates the geological, geotechnical and mineralogical properties of the founding clayey soils at two sites of the Ankara region. The geotechnical index properties along with the hydraulic conductivities of the clayey soil samples collected from these sites were determined. A mathematical relation between the clay mineralogical content and hydraulic conductivity was established. The results of this investigation show that, from a geotechnical point of view, Ankara clay may be regarded as a highly suitable material for a compacted clay landfill liner given that its mineralogical compatibility with leachate is confirmed. 相似文献
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Engineering geological aspects of replacing a solid waste disposal site with a sanitary landfill 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kamil Kayabali 《Engineering Geology》1996,44(1-4):203-212
The current solid waste disposal site in the Mamak district of Ankara is being engulfed by the growing city. All varieties of solid wastes, including medical wastes, are stored at the present site in an irregular manner. Topographical and geological conditions at Mamak waste site are favorable for constructing a sanitary landfill. Located at the edge of a topographical depression, the site is underlain by the natural hydraulic barriers such as clay and metagreywacke. The terrestrial clay has a permeability of 10−7 to 10−8 cm/s and low to moderate values of CEC. The proposed sanitary landfill to replace the present solid waste site has a capacity of storing solid waste over 50 years. The details of base liner, final cover, toe embankment, and drainage of leachate and gas are presented in the paper. 相似文献
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In most large and fast growing urban areas, finding suitable lands for construction of landfill is one of the serious problems in environmental management. Land fill site selection process depends on different factors, regulations and constraints. Ignoring each of these parameters may cause miscalculations and lead to selection of an inappropriate landfill site which could have negative environmental, economical, and ecological impacts. Therefore, this process must be accomplished by taking into account all of the related criterions and variables. In this study, landfill site selection is performed by combining geographic information system (GIS) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in Hamedan province, west of Iran. In relation to landfill site selection, ten different criteria including Geology, surface water, aquifer, land use, elevation, slope, and distance to main roads, residential areas, faults and sinkholes were investigated. Using AHP each criterion was weighted, then geographic information system (Arc GIS 9.3 software) was used to manipulate and present spatial data. Finally, suitability map was prepared by overlay analyses and most suitable and suitable areas were identified and checked in field. The results indicate that 60.4 % of the area in the Hamedan province (11,631 km2) is unsuitable, 33 % (6,257.7 km2) moderately suitable and 6.6 % (1,344 km2) most suitable for construction of landfill. 相似文献
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This paper presents a GIS-based multi-criteria site selection for municipal solid waste landfilling in Ariana Region, Tunisia. Based on the regional characteristics, literature related to disposal sites and waste management, local expert, data availability and assessments via questionnaires, 15 constraints, and 5 factors were built in the hierarchical structure for landfill suitability by multi-criteria evaluation. The factors are divided into environmental and socio-economic groups. The methodology is used for preliminary assessment of the 20-year most useful lifetime suitable landfilling sites by combining fuzzy set theory, weighted linear combination (WLC) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in a GIS environment. The criteria standardization is undertaken by application of different fuzzy membership functions. The fuzzy membership functions shape and their control points are chosen through assessment of expert opinion. The weightings of each selection criterion are assigned depending on the relative importance using the AHP methodology. The WLC approach is applied for alternative landfill sites prioritization. The results of this study showed five potential candidate sites, which are generated when the environmental factors are valued higher than socio-economic factors. These sites are ranked in descending order using the ELECTRE III method. However, the final decision will require further detailed geotechnical and hydrogeological analyses toward the protection of groundwater as well as surface water. 相似文献
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In Germany, landfilling and incineration are the main techniques for the disposal of waste. However, due to humid climatic
conditions, leakage of contaminated water from landfills into the subsurface poses a considerable threat to the environment.
Therefore, the German states require high safety standards for the construction of a landfill. Emphasis is put on the presence
of natural geological barrier rocks. Clay and silts, claystones and siltstones are best suited to meet the requirements defined
in legal waste regulations. With regard to retardation capacity, thickness is considered of higher importance than hydraulic
permeability. Suitable areas have to be reduced by legally excluded areas. A site search program in Lower Saxony revealed
that only 1% of the total state area falls into the best suitability category. Geoscientific investigations on the remaining
suitable areas have to become more detailed in the search progress. Geographical information systems (GIS) are the most adequate
tools to work on all involved data and to present and outline the results. GIS make the results transparent and understandable
to the public. These investigations are a necessary part of the environmental impact assessment which is obligatory for a
landfill site's construction. Criteria catalogues take all important aspects of the search process into consideration and
help to find the most suitable site.
Received: 17 March 1997 · Accepted: 6 June 1997 相似文献
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Preventing the penetration of rainwater into a landfill site is the main purpose of the final cover in landfill sites. Conventional designs of landfill covers use geotextiles, such as geomembrane and geosynthetic clay liners, and clay liners to lower the permeability of the final cover of landfill sites. However, differential settlement and climatic effects in landfill sites instigate crack development or structural damage inside the final cover. This study therefore investigates the field applicability of a self-recovering sustainable liner (SRSL) as an alternative to the landfill final cover. The SRSL utilizes the precipitation reaction of two chemical materials to form precipitates that fill the pores and thereby lower the overall permeability of the liner. To examine the field applicability of the SRSL system, uniaxial compression tests and laboratory hydraulic conductivity tests were performed under various climatic effects such as wet/dry and freeze/thaw processes. Furthermore, field-scale hydraulic conductivity tests were performed with intentionally induced cracks to demonstrate the self-recovery performance for practical applications. Extensive laboratory and field test results confirmed the capability of the SRSL final cover system to fulfill the strength and hydraulic conductivity requirements, even in harsh field conditions. 相似文献
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A. Salman Mahini M. Gholamalifard 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2006,3(4):435-445
Landfill has been taken to the bottom of the hierarchy of options for waste disposal but has been the most used method for urban solid waste disposal. However, landfill has become more difficult to implement because of its increasing cost, community opposition, and more restrictive regulations regarding the siting and operation of landfills. Land is a finite and scarce resource that needs to be used wisely. Appropriate allocation of landfills involves the selection of areas that are suitable for waste disposal. The present work describes a type of multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) method called weighted linear combination (WLC) in a GIS environment to evaluate the suitability of the study region for landfill. The WLC procedure is characterized by full tradeoff among all factors, average risk and offers much flexibility than the Boolean approaches in the decision making process. The relative importance weights of factors are estimated using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). In the final aggregated suitability image, zones smaller than 20 hectares are eliminated from the allocation process. Afterwards, the land suitability of a zone is determined by calculating the average of the suitability of the cells belonging to that zone, a process called zonal land suitability. The application of the presented method to the Gorgan city (Iran) indicated that there are 18 zones for landfill with their zonal land suitability varying from 155.426117 to 64.149024. The zones were ranked in descending order by the value of their zonal land suitability. The results showed the use of GIS as a decision support system (DSS) available to policy makers and decision makers in municipal solid waste (MSW) management issues. 相似文献
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Designing environmentally safe and economically feasible landfills can be a challenging task due to complex interactions that need to be taken into account between landfill size, waste and site characteristics. The main focus of this study is, by interfacing the geographic information systems (GIS) with system simulation models (SSM), to develop a methodology and a landfill design component selection matrix that can enable the determination of landfill design components providing the desired performance with minimal design details. In this paper, the conceptual framework and applications of the developed methodology demonstrating the selection of landfill design components that are suitable for the existing site conditions are presented. The conceptual model defines design variables, performance criteria and design components of a landfill. GIS and SSM are used to handle the site-specific data and to evaluate the landfill performance, respectively. Results indicate that the landfills having the same design characteristics show different performance under different site conditions; therefore, a landfill design that is technically and economically feasible should be selected on the basis of performance. 相似文献
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Municipal solid waste landfill site selection using geographical information systems: a case study from Çorlu,Turkey 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Orhan Arkoc 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(11):4975-4985
The rapid population growth due to fast urbanization in developing countries leads to environmentally sustainable and efficient management of solid waste. Insufficient solid waste landfill sites, in particular, require new areas because of rapid urbanization. This reveals the need to select appropriate landfill sites, in terms of pollution, that meet the requirements of curbing pollution. In this study, a new solid waste site selection tool was presented for the assessment and selection of areas for a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill using a combination of point count index and constraint overlaying method with a geographical information system (GIS). For this purpose, factors affecting the site selection tool development were gathered under three groups, namely geological and natural, environmental and social–economical. For the first group, weighting for each criterion—depending upon its relative importance—was assigned, and ratings were given appropriately with their relative magnitude of impact. For the second and third groups, buffer zones were created in order to perform overlay analysis. This tool was used to perform MSW landfill selection of Çorlu District. According to the final map produced with this tool, two areas were identified within the district limits. This procedure was time saving as it was quite easy and did not require too much time and money to collect data. However, besides the usefulness of the procedure, at the final stage of decision-making, some further investigations should also be made. 相似文献
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During the last decades, growth of urbanization and industrialization led to an increase in solid waste generation. Landfilling is the most prevalent ultimate disposal method for the municipal solid wastes in developing countries. The rapid municipal solid waste generation in Markazi province (central part of Iran) causes the need for precision in finding a suitable landfill site selection. In the present study, 12 factors (environmental and socioeconomic factors) have been applied to select the landfill site in Markazi province, Iran. The different methods including the analytic network process (ANP) combined with fuzzy linguistic quantifier, ordered weighted average (OWA), and weighted linear combination (WLC) approach in geographic information system was applied to find an appropriate landfill site. The OWA operator function permits the evaluation of the wide spectrum of consequences (with different scenario) obtained from different management strategies. Results revealed that integration of fuzzy logic, ANP, and OWA provides flexible and better ideas compared to the Boolean logic and WLC to select a suitable landfill site. 相似文献
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Hazardous waste landfill site selection in Khorasan Razavi Province, Northeastern Iran 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The disposal is the final step of any hazardous waste management plan. An inappropriate landfill site may have negative environmental, economical, and ecological impacts. Therefore, landfills should be sited carefully by taking into account various rules, regulations, factors, and constraints. In this study, candidate sites for hazardous landfills in the northeastern Khorasan Razavi province are determined using the integration of geographic information system and landfill susceptibility zonation methods. For this, the inappropriate areas were first removed from the model, and the suitability of remaining regions were evaluated using 15 different criteria in two steps. With this done, nine candidate sites were selected as the most suitable locations. Finally, the selected landfill sites were proposed based on environmental impact assessment (Leopold matrix) and economical studies. This study shows that Maasumabad, Kheirabad, Mayamey, and Yonsi are the best locations for the constitution of landfill in Khorasan Razavi province, respectively. 相似文献
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Identification of hazardous waste landfill site: a case study from Zanjan province, Iran 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Mashalah Khamehchiyan Mohammad Reza Nikoudel Mehdi Boroumandi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(7):1763-1776
The study of landfill sites is one of the most important studies in landfill engineering, and the landfill site selection
involves combination of engineering, science, and politics. This paper describes a comprehensive hazardous waste landfill
site selection methodology with the combined utilization of geographic information system and multiple criteria analysis methods,
as applied to the Zanjan province in Iran. The six main data categories that were used are geological/engineering geological,
geomorphological, hydrological/hydrogeological, climatological, pedological, and social/economical criteria, which included
31 input layers in total. A suitability map for hazardous waste landfilling was prepared for study area with five classes
from most suitable to completely unsuitable. Finally, out of the three sites, one site was selected which was chosen by the
local authorities. Our work offers a comprehensive methodology and provides essential support for decision-makers in the assessment
of hazardous waste management problems in Zanjan province in I.R. Iran and other developing cities in other countries. 相似文献
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Numerical and analytical modelling studies were conducted for the analysis of groundwater flow and contaminant transport at the Innisfil landfill site in the Town of Innisfil, County of Simcoe, in Ontario, Canada. Previously conducted field studies categorized the upper stratigraphy at the site into three units: upper sand unit, upper silt/clay unit and Intermediate Sand unit. Essentially horizontal groundwater movement in the two sand units and vertical downward flow in the silt/clay unit were reported by the field hydrogeologists. In the following, application of three computer models (FLOWPATH, USGS MOC and POLLUTE) for the simulation of the groundwater flow and contaminant transport processes at the Innisfil landfill site is described. The paper focuses on the calibration of groundwater flow and contaminant transport systems, and demonstrates how the insight gained during the contaminant transport calibration was used to improve the initial groundwater flow characterization of the hydrogeological system. 相似文献
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城市固体垃圾填埋场选址的地质条件评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着我国工业化、城市化进程的加快,不断增长的城市垃圾及处置问题日益突出。卫生填埋是现阶段处理城市垃圾的主要方法。做好填埋场的地质条件研究,对填埋场选址及建设甚为重要。探讨城市固体垃圾填埋场选址应注意的地质问题,对其地质条件进行了分析和评价;根据GIS的技术特点及在填埋场选址中的具体应用,提出了解决问题的建议与对策。 相似文献
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敏感环境下基坑数值分析中土体本构模型的选择 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
数值分析已成为敏感环境下基坑工程分析的最重要手段,其关键是选择合适的土体本构模型和计算参数。在分析了岩土数值分析中常用土体本构模型特点的基础上,通过算例较系统地对比了各类模型在基坑开挖数值分析中的适用性。敏感环境下的基坑工程需重点关注墙后土体的变形,从满足工程需要和方便实用的角度出发,建议采用能考虑黏土的塑性和应变硬化特征、能区分加荷和卸荷且刚度依赖于应力水平的硬化类弹塑性模型,如MCC模型和HS模型进行分析。具体工程实例的分析,表明了硬化类弹塑性模型在敏感环境下基坑开挖数值分析中的适用性。 相似文献
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Regional non-hazardous landfill site selection by integrating fuzzy logic, AHP and geographic information systems 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
Katerina R. Donevska Pece V. Gorsevski Milorad Jovanovski Igor Pe?evski 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,67(1):121-131
This study presents a geographic information systems-based multi-criteria site selection of non-hazardous regional landfill in Polog Region, Macedonia. The multi-criteria decision framework integrates legal requirements and physical constraints that relate to environmental and economic concerns and builds a hierarchy model for landfill suitability. The methodology is used for preliminary assessment of the most suitable landfill sites by combining fuzzy set theory and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The fuzzy set theory is used to standardize criteria using different fuzzy membership functions while the AHP is used to establish the relative importance of the criteria. The AHP makes pairwise comparisons of relative importance between hierarchy elements grouped by environmental and economic decision criteria. The landfill suitability is achieved by applying weighted linear combination that uses a comparison matrix to aggregate different importance scenarios associated with environmental and economic objectives. The results from the study suggested that a least suitable landfill area of 1.0% from the total is generated when environmental and economic objectives are valued equally while a most suitable landfill area of 1.8% area is generated when the economic objective is valued higher. Such results are aimed for enhancement of regional landfill site selection in the country that is compliant with modern EU standards. 相似文献