共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
为了探索碳酸盐台地在海盆演化过程中的作用,对南海南部礼乐滩区域碳酸盐台地的发育及其与新生代构造沉降特征的相关性进行研究.对多道地震数据的分析表明:在研究区广泛发育包括碳酸盐台地和生物礁在内的碳酸盐沉积,其发育时间主要集中在晚渐新世至早中新世期间,在中中新世后开始退积和淹没.通过对穿越礼乐滩区的两条NW-SE向测线NH973-2和DPS93-2的构造沉降反演,进行沉降量、沉降速率计算和构造分析.结果表明:沉降速率及沉降量随不同时期的构造活动而发生变化,可分为缓慢沉降期(古新世-早渐新世,张裂阶段)、隆升剥蚀期(晚渐新世-早中新世,漂移阶段)、加速沉降期(早中新世末期,后漂移阶段1)、强烈沉降期(中新世,后漂移阶段2)和稳定沉降期(晚中新世至今,后漂移阶段3)5个发育期.碳酸盐台地的发育期和南海海盆的漂移阶段相对应,构造沉降的分析表明该期间具有构造抬升作用,其与相对上升的海平面结合有利于碳酸盐沉积的发育.在南海扩张期间主地幔对流的控制下,南部陆缘区礼乐地块和礼乐滩盆地之间较大的地壳厚度差异会导致侧向上地温梯度的差异,从而形成礼乐滩盆地之下的次生对流.该次生对流控制了研究区在晚渐新世至早中新世期间的隆升剥蚀作用. 相似文献
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珠江口盆地新生代碳酸盐岩形成地质条件 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
珠江口盆地新生代碳酸盐岩分布面积大,已发现我国海上最大生物礁油田,具有重要研究价值。本文根据南海新生代构造演化及珠江口盆地新生代构造沉积演化,研究碳酸盐岩形成地质条件。发现南海新生代碳酸盐岩分布与新生代古南海消亡及新南海扩张密切相关,适宜碳酸盐岩发育的窗口期正是新南海扩张期,明显受新南海扩张的控制。新南海在渐新世—中新世的两期扩张,与新特提斯弧后扩张有关。珠江口盆地发育两种类型的碳酸盐台地,即古隆起镶边碳酸盐台地和火山建隆孤立碳酸盐台地。古隆起或火山建隆分布、构造沉降及全球海平面升降是珠江口盆地碳酸盐岩及生物礁发育的主控因素。 相似文献
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南海东南部陆缘发育一套晚渐新世-早中新世碳酸盐岩(Nido灰岩)与南海海底扩张历史吻合.为系统了解Nido灰岩构造控制因素,基于大量钻井、拖网和地震资料,刻画碳酸盐岩沉积相特征和时空分布规律,分析构造变形对其控制作用.结果显示:Nido灰岩呈大规模连片分布在研究区东北至西南部.以乌鲁根断裂为界,东北部灰岩呈北西倾向,与早渐新世岩石圈破裂形成的断块高点和扩张阶段较弱的构造活动有关;西南部灰岩呈东南倾向,受晚渐新世伸展断陷形成的构造高点和早中中新世南沙地块板片挠曲形成的构造前隆迁移作用控制.碳酸盐岩台地主要发育期与海底扩张时间吻合,具有区带性,反映南海穿时破裂过程和南部陆缘俯冲-碰撞过程的横向差异和不均一性. 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2021,40(2)
通过礼乐盆地构造-地层-沉积分析,查明了其构造演化及沉积充填特征,揭示了其与南海扩张事件的成因联系,为南海边缘海演化研究提供了参考。研究结果表明:礼乐盆地新生代构造-沉积演化经历了3个差异显著的阶段,即古新世-早渐新世陆缘裂陷-滨浅海碎屑岩沉积阶段、晚渐新世-早中新世裂离漂移-浅海碳酸盐岩沉积阶段、中中新世以来周缘前陆挠曲沉降-区域差异沉积阶段。古新世-早渐新世,古南海向东南俯冲,华南古陆陆缘因水平引张力作用发生被动裂陷,形成礼乐盆地;此时以滨浅海环境为主,受碎屑物源供给控制,在盆地西北部发育一系列规模相对较大的辫状河三角洲,礼乐盆地东部、南部邻近古南海,仅在孤立隆起边缘发育规模较小的扇三角洲。晚渐新世-早中新世,古南海持续俯冲,新南海扩张,礼乐-巴拉望地块裂离华南古陆,向南漂移,盆地沉降缓慢,断层活动弱;此时以浅海-半深海环境为主,碎屑物源匮乏,盆地北部发育大型碳酸盐岩台地和生物礁,南部总体为半深海环境。中中新世以来,新南海扩张停止,礼乐-巴拉望地块向菲律宾岛弧俯冲碰撞,礼乐盆地进入周缘前陆期,以非对称挠曲沉降为特点,水深增大,断层活动增强;此时以半深海-浅海为主,盆地北部总体以碳酸盐岩台地和生物礁为特色,盆地南部局部发育深水重力流沉积。礼乐盆地构造-沉积演化与古南海俯冲-消亡、新南海扩张-关闭过程密切相关。 相似文献
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新特提斯洋的弧后扩张导致古南海消亡与新南海扩张,西沙、中沙等微陆块从华南陆缘分离,使琼东南盆地形成并持续沉降。琼东南盆地南部隆起带崖城组沉积期以填平补齐为特征,主要发育近物源的扇三角洲-浅海陆棚沉积体系,物源主要来自松南低凸起和南部隆起剥蚀区。陵水组-梅山组沉积期,由于构造沉降叠加全球海平面上升使海侵扩大,南部隆起带主要发育浅海陆棚沉积,仅在西沙(永乐)隆起发育孤立碳酸盐台地(生物礁)。琼东南盆地及其南部隆起带新生代的构造-沉积演化是在古南海消亡与新南海扩张导致盆地持续沉降的构造背景下完成的,并叠加了全球海平面显著下降对滨海-浅海陆棚剥蚀夷平的强烈影响。 相似文献
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通过对南海西北次海盆新获得的地震资料进行综合解释和层序地层分析,揭示了海盆中的沉积对构造演化阶段的响应。始新世-早渐新世陆缘裂陷期,盆地以对称裂谷形式,发育地堑裂谷层序,沉积以近物源为特征,相变大,发育了冲积扇-扇三角洲-湖相沉积,沉积体系的配置受同沉积断裂控制明显,快速沉降和充分的物源供给决定了沉积体系的构成特征。晚渐新世海底扩张期,岩石圈破裂,陆缘进一步拉开并开始海底扩张,出现海相沉积,来自陆坡的陆架边缘三角洲越过陆坡进入海盆,在海盆内沉积了一套向海盆中部逐渐减薄的楔状地层,并伴有大量的火山碎屑沉积物。早-中新世以来热沉降期,随着构造沉降增大,相对海平面总体不断上升,进入深水盆地,形成陆架陆坡体系,大量的碎屑物质以重力流、深水底流等深水作用方式进入海盆;沉降晚期陆架-陆坡物源供应减弱,琼东南中央峡谷成为其主要的物质供应来源通道,在此期间二次海平面下降、回升的综合作用下,海盆内发育了多期以下切水道为特征的低水位域沉积体系。 相似文献
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南海大陆边缘盆地构造演化差异性及其与南海扩张耦合关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
南海大陆边缘盆地由于边界条件的差异,不仅形成了不同类型的陆缘盆地,如离散型、走滑伸展型和伸展挠曲复合型,而且这些盆地构造演化存在明显的非同步性。这些陆缘破裂过程与南海扩张作用过程呈现明显不一致性。研究表明,南海扩张时期南海南、北大陆边缘均形成了一系列裂陷盆地,然而,南海南部、北部大陆边缘盆地裂陷作用结束时间不同,北部大陆边缘盆地裂陷作用结束于23 Ma或21 Ma,而南部大陆边缘盆地裂陷作用结束于15.5 Ma,显然北部大陆边缘盆地裂陷结束时间明显早于南部大陆边缘盆地。南海扩张停止后,南海南、北部陆缘仍表现出明显差异,北部陆缘仍以伸展作用为主,晚中新世以来出现快速沉降幕,而南海南部陆缘则以挤压作用为主,且其挤压时间及强度呈现南早北晚的特点,即南部曾母盆地明显早于南薇西盆地和北康盆地。南海南、北大陆边缘盆地形成演化的差异性,特别是构造转型差异变化,为新生代南海扩张的迁移性提供了有力的佐证,可以推断南海不同期次海盆扩张可能存在向南的突然跃迁。因此,本次研究梳理出的南海不同陆缘盆地张裂伸展的非同步性可为南海洋盆扩张演化过程解释提供新的证据。 相似文献
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喜马拉雅地区的碳酸盐台地产生、发展和消亡与特提斯造山带形成的动力演化息息相关。三叠纪时,碳酸盐台地较稳定地在聂拉木陆架边缘发展起来,主要受陆源碎屑强烈干扰,碳酸盐台地在其生长面附近发育。早、中侏罗世,碳酸盐台地受构造沉降和海平面变化强烈影响,从潮下低能带向高能变浅的镶边台地旋回性发展。在台地边缘斜坡—盆地中发育一套特殊的碳酸盐“喷溢流”沉积。晚侏罗世,碳酸盐台地受被动大陆边缘初期快速热沉降影响,被黑色页岩覆盖,台地被淹没死亡。早白垩世,陆架边缘台地可能以孤立台地为特征,相当多的碳酸盐台地碎裂或崩塌,靠大陆一侧则主要为末端变陡缓坡。晚白垩世开始,碳酸盐台地主要在岗巴一带发育,发育向上变深的沉积序列,为受前陆挠曲影响产物。第三纪初,碳酸盐台地主要为缓坡,属于前陆盆地远离造山带一侧的碳酸盐台地沉积。喜马拉雅碳酸盐台地的最终消亡是由于造山抬升暴露。 相似文献
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生物礁及碳酸盐台地是南海南部重要的油气储层之一,但目前对万安盆地生物礁的识别及碳酸盐台地沉积相带的划分尚不够深入.基于钻井和地震数据对该区的生物礁及碳酸盐台地进行了精细刻画,万安盆地中生物礁及碳酸盐台地的发育可分为4个演化阶段:早中新世时期,碳酸盐台地初始发育,台地规模小、数量少,零星分布于盆地中部;中中新世台地发育进入繁盛阶段,主要分布于北部隆起、中部隆起及隆起周缘的斜坡之上,横向上呈东、西带状展布,此时期的生物礁以台地边缘礁和块状礁为主;至晚中新世时期,碳酸盐台地开始衰退,而生物礁类型全、数量多,包括台地边缘礁、块状礁、塔礁、点礁等;上新世以来,生物礁及碳酸盐台地全面被淹没,盆地内部不再有生物礁及碳酸盐台地的发育.构造作用和相对海平面变化控制了碳酸盐台地的发育演化过程,古近纪基底断裂产生的地形控制了生物礁及碳酸盐台地初始发育位置及后期发育的空间分布,晚中新世以来的快速沉降和相对海平面变化控制了台地的衰退及淹没过程. 相似文献
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LI Lin WANG Bin YANG Taotao YANG Zhili LI Li LU Yintao WANG Xuefeng WU Jingwu SUN Guozhong 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):142-152
Newly-acquired seismic data reveal widespread carbonate deposits covering a large part of the northwestern South China Sea margin.Three carbonate platforms are identified to have developed on the topographic highs inherited from tectonic deformation and volcanic accretion.Across the carbonate platforms,the Miocene strata are characterized by high-amplitude seismic reflections and distinct platform architecture that overlaps older strata.The Guangle and Xisha carbonate platforms grew on faulted blocks due to South China Sea continental rifting,while the Zhongjian carbonate platform developed on a structural high induced by early Miocene volcanism.During the late Miocene,partial drowning resulted in the inhibition of platform growth,eventual platform drowning and termination of most carbonate deposition.The drowning of the Guangle and Zhongjian carbonate platforms is shown by the supply of siliciclastic sediments during the late Miocene and seems to be closely linked to late Neogene volcanic activity,whilst the drowning of the Xisha carbonate platform is primarily related to relative eustatic changes.Our results imply that tectonic activity,volcanism and eustasy are the dominant controls on the evolution of carbonate platforms on the northwestern margin of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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Lü Fuliang 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(1)
The northern South China Sea margin has experienced a rifting stage and a post-rifting stage during the Cenozoic.In the rifting stage,the margin received lacustrine and shallow marine facies sediments.In the post-rifting thermal subsidence,the margin accumulated shallow marine facies and hemipelagic deposits,and the decpwater basins formed.Petroleum systems of deepwater setting have been imaged from seismic data and drill wells.Two kinds of source rocks including Paleogene lacustrine black shale and Oligocene-Early Miocene mudstone were developed in the deepwater basin of the South China Sea.The deepwater reservoirs are characterized by the deep sea channel fill,mass flow complexes and drowned reef carbonate platform.Profitable capping rocks on the top are mudstoues with huge thickness in the post-rifting stage.Meanwhile,the faults developed during the rifting stage provide a migration path favournble for the formation of reservoirs.The analysis of seismic and drilling data suggests that the joint structural and stratigraphic traps could form giant hydrocarbon fields and hydrocarbon reservoirs including syn-rifting graben subaqueous delta,decpwater submarine fan sandstone and reef carbonate reservoirs. 相似文献
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南海发育大量新生代碳酸盐岩台地，它们是南海古构造、古气候和古海洋演变的重要信息来源，也是石油天然气的重要储层。虽然前人对这些碳酸盐岩台地已经开展了大量的研究，但是目前仍未能建立南海现代碳酸盐岩台地的三维结构和高分辨率层序地层格架，关于台地发育演化的控制因素与淹没机制也存在争议。因此，亟需开展南海碳酸盐岩台地大洋钻探。南海北部西沙海域发育大量的现代碳酸盐岩台地，是一个非常好的研究靶区。本文建议选择宣德和北礁这两个典型孤立碳酸盐岩台地，在台地潟湖、边缘、斜坡和深水盆地开展钻探，建立碳酸盐岩台地的高精度年代框架，精细刻画台地内部以及周边的沉积体系，明确南海新生代碳酸盐岩台地形成、生长和淹没的历史，建立台地沉积与演化模式，揭示南海碳酸盐岩台地演化的控制因素，在此基础上，开展南海古构造、古海洋与古气候环境重建，并与全球其他碳酸盐岩台地进行对比，分析异同点及其原因。 相似文献
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Miocene carbonate platforms cover a large part of the Central Vietnamese South China Sea margin. Early carbonate deposition took place on two regional platforms separated by a narrow depression developed along the trace of the East Vietnam Boundary Fault Zone. West of the East Vietnam Boundary Fault Zone, the Tuy Hoa Carbonate Platform fringes the continental margin between Da Nang and Nha Trang. Here, platform growth initiated during the Early Miocene and continued until Middle Miocene time when regional uplift led to subaerial exposure, termination of platform growth and karstification. East of the fault zone, the Triton Carbonate Platform was also initiated during the Early Miocene. Carbonate growth thrived during Early and part of Middle Miocene time and a thick, clean Lower and Middle Miocene carbonate succession cover the Triton Horst and the Qui Nhon Ridge. During the Middle Miocene, partial drowning resulted in the split-up of the Triton Carbonate Platform. Repeated partial drowning events throughout the Middle and Late Miocene resulted in westwards retreat of platform growth and eventual platform drowning and termination of carbonate deposition. Modern carbonate growth continues on isolated platforms hosting the Paracel Islands farther seawards. The onset of widespread carbonate deposition largely reflects the Early Miocene transgression of the area linked with early post-rift subsidence and the opening of the South China Sea. The mid-Neogene shift in carbonate deposition is interpreted as a consequence of regional uplift and denudation of central and south Indochina starting during Middle Miocene time when the Tuy Hoa Carbonate Platform became subaerially exposed. Stressed carbonate growth conditions on the Triton Carbonate Platform probably resulted from increased inorganic nutrient input derived from the uplifted mainland, possibly enhanced by deteriorated climatic conditions and rapid sea-level fluctuations promoting platform drowning. 相似文献
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晚新生代中国东部大陆边缘的构造活动主要集中于东海东缘。中新世以来菲律宾海板块俯冲、冲绳海槽弧后张裂、台湾弧-陆碰撞等一系列重大构造过程，塑造了现今琉球沟-弧-盆体系、台湾碰撞造山带和南海东北部的构造-地貌格局。本文基于对重磁和多道地震资料的解译，并结合前人研究成果，恢复了冲绳海槽构造演化史，阐明了冲绳海槽弧后张裂和台湾弧-陆碰撞之间的关系。在此基础上，重建了中新世以来欧亚板块、菲律宾海板块、南海板块之间的相互作用过程模型。本研究有助于进一步理解板块汇聚背景下东亚大陆边缘深部动力-热力过程对浅部构造格局变迁的制约和影响。 相似文献
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YAN Wei ZHANG Guangxue XIA Bin ZHANG Li YANG Zhen LEI Zhenyu YAO Huiqiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(5):1651-1661
The Beikang Basin is located in the southern part of the South China Sea (SCS), which is one of most tectonically complex sea areas. It is a deepwater sedimentary basin that was mainly deposited during the Cenozoic era. Owing to data restrictions, the research on carbonate platforms of this area is still in its infancy. High-resolution seismic data are analyzed to identify the Miocene carbonate platforms and reconstruct the architecture and growth history. The carbonate platforms of Beikang Basin began to develop in the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene, were extended in the Middle Miocene, and declined in the Late Miocene. The carbonate platform mainly developed during two periods: the Oligocene to the Early Miocene, and the Middle Miocene. The carbonate platforms that developed in the Middle Miocene were the most prosperous. The Middle Miocene carbonate platform in the Beikang Basin can be divided into three stages. In the first stage, the platforms had wide range which were thin. During the second stage, the platforms had a smaller range that was controlled by faults. In the third stage, the platforms were gradually submerged. The platform structure developed in the Middle Miocene at the Beikang Basin was controlled by the rate of rising/falling of the sea level and the carbonate growth rate. Based on an analysis of these changes and relationship, the platform can be divided into several patterns: retrogradation, submerged, aggradation, progradation, outward with up-stepping, outward with down-stepping, and down-stepping platforms. At the top of the carbonate platforms in the Beikang Basin a set of carbonate wings or mushrooms usually appeared. These were formed during a period of relative sea-level decline. It is believed that the Miocene carbonate platforms in the Beikang Basin are mainly controlled by tectonic and sedimentary environments, and are also affected by terrestrial detritus. 相似文献
18.
This study investigates the evolution of the Miocene Guangle carbonate platform(or Triton Horst)of the northwestern South China Sea margin.The platform is located at a junction area surrounded by Yinggehai basin,Qiongdongnan basin and Zhongjiannan basin.Well and regional geophysical data allow the identification of the morphologic and stratigraphic patterns.The Guangle carbonate platform was initiated on a tectonic uplift during the Early Miocene.The early platform was limited at Mesozoic granitic basement,pre-Paleogene sediments localized tectonic uplift and was small extension at the beginning stage.While during the Middle Miocene,the carbonate buildup flourished,and grow a thrived and thick carbonate succession overlining the whole Guangle Uplift.The isolated platforms then united afterward and covered an extensive area of several tens of thousands of square kilometers.However,it terminated in the Late Miocene.What are the control factors on the initiation,growth and demise of the Guangle carbonate platform?The onset of widespread carbonate deposits largely reflected the Early Miocene transgression linked with early post-rift subsidence and the opening of the South China Sea.Stressed carbonate growth conditions on the Guangle carbonate platform probably resulted from increased inorganic nutrient input derived from the adjacent uplifted mainland,possibly enhanced by deteriorated climatic conditions promoting platform drowning.Therefore,tectonics and terrigenous input could be two main controlling factors on the development of the Guangle carbonate platforms and main evolution stages. 相似文献
19.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(4):1231-1251
The tectonic evolution history of the South China Sea(SCS) is important for understanding the interaction between the Pacific Tectonic Domain and the Tethyan Tectonic Domain,as well as the regional tectonics and geodynamics during the multi-plate convergence in the Cenozoic.Several Cenozoic basins formed in the northern margin of the SCS,which preserve the sedimentary tectonic records of the opening of the SCS.Due to the spatial non-uniformity among different basins,a systematic study on the various basins in the northern margin of the SCS constituting the Northern Cenozoic Basin Group(NCBG) is essential.Here we present results from a detailed evaluation of the spatial-temporal migration of the boundary faults and primary unconformities to unravel the mechanism of formation of the NCBG.The NCBG is composed of the Beibu Gulf Basin(BBGB),Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB),Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB) and Taixinan Basin(TXNB).Based on seismic profiles and gravity-magnetic anomalies,we confirm that the NE-striking onshore boundary faults propagated into the northern margin of the SCS.Combining the fault slip rate,fault combination and a comparison of the unconformities in different basins,we identify NE-striking rift composed of two-stage rifting events in the NCBG:an early-stage rifting(from the Paleocene to the Early Oligocene) and a late-stage rifting(from the Late Eocene to the beginning of the Miocene).Spatially only the late-stage faults occurs in the western part of the NCBG(the BBGB,the QDNB and the western PRMB),but the early-stage rifting is distributed in the whole NCBG.Temporally,the early-stage rifting can be subdivided into three phases which show an eastward migration,resulting in the same trend of the primary unconformities and peak faulting within the NCBG.The late-stage rifting is subdivided into two phases,which took place simultaneously in different basins.The first and second phase of the early-stage rifting is related to back-arc extension of the Pacific subduction retreat system.The third phase of the earlystage rifting resulted from the joint effect of slab-pull force due to southward subduction of the proto-SCS and the back-arc extension of the Pacific subduction retreat system.In addition,the first phase of the late-stage faulting corresponds with the combined effect of the post-collision extension along the Red River Fault and slab-pull force of the proto-SCS subduction.The second phase of the late-stage faulting fits well with the sinistral faulting of the Red River Fault in response to the Indochina Block escape tectonics and the slab-pull force of the proto-SCS. 相似文献