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1.
双曲线配合法在某路基沉降反分析中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文根据哈尔滨某公路路基实测沉降资料,应用双曲线配合法推算了地基土的最终沉降量,并用太沙基渗透固结理论反分析出地基中粘土层的平均固结系数和渗透系数。应用太沙基方法,将反算出的渗透系数计算路基沉降,结果比选用实验室测得的渗透系数计算的沉降更接近实际沉降值。 相似文献
2.
简述了汕头市３５层,１０３．５ｍ高的中环大厦场址地基土的工程地质特征,重点对地基土的第６层进行了岩土工程分析与计算,并对下卧层的强度和变形进行验算。首次在汕头市东区选用厚度较大,下卧层为中压缩性粘土的第６层,作为百米高层建筑物的桩基础持力层。通过选择和计算,桩基选用预制桩较为经济。沉降观测结果表明,中环大厦的最沉降降量符合有关规范要求。 相似文献
3.
高土石坝裂缝分析的变形倾度有限元法及其应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土石坝张拉裂缝一般由坝体的不均匀沉降变形引起,是土石坝破坏的主要诱因和表现形式之一。将基于现场沉降监测资料的传统变形倾度法进行了扩展,通过在有限元计算程序中嵌入变形倾度计算模块,发展了基于有限元变形计算的变形倾度有限元法。该方法简洁实用,方便与常规有限元变形计算相耦合,可作为在工程设计阶段分析和估算土石坝是否会发生表面张拉裂缝的实用方法。应用所发展的变形倾度有限元法,以糯扎渡高心墙堆石坝工程为例,进行了坝体后期变形引起坝体表面发生张拉裂缝的敏感性计算分析,探讨了高土石坝变形倾度的分布规律以及与坝体后期变形的关系,发现对糯扎渡高心墙堆石坝,坝顶后期沉降最大值小于坝高0.39%,可作为防止发生坝顶横向张拉裂缝的控制工况。通过工程实例的计算,说明提出的方法可用于高土石坝的裂缝预测分析。 相似文献
4.
哈尔滨高等级公路路基沉降监测反分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文应用双曲线配合法对哈尔滨高等级公路路基实测沉降进行了分析，推算了地基的最终沉降量，并由此用太沙基方法反算出地基中粘土层的平均固结系数和渗透系数。把用本文方法推算的渗透系数应用于太沙基方法计算路基沉降，发现比选用实验室测得的渗透系数计算的结果更接近实际沉降。通过本次反分析研究得出：路基中粘性土的固结系数和渗透系数明显高于室内土工试验测得值。这给相似地基高等级公路的设计、施工提供了参考依据。 相似文献
5.
沉积环境的变迁导致岩相的递变,进而控制着裂缝的形成和演化,揭示不同页岩岩相中裂缝的发育规律及有关机制,对于“甜点”层的脆性精细评价具有重要的工程意义。以黔西北地区龙马溪组页岩为例,通过X‐射线衍射实验、偏光显微镜、岩石力学实验以及有限元数值模拟,对不同岩相类型进行了划分,深入探讨了不同页岩岩相类型岩石的力学性质以及破坏模式,最后再现了两种不同岩相叠置的地质体模型中裂缝的形成和演化的动态可视化过程。结果表明:龙马溪组富有机质页岩层段主要发育硅质页岩、钙质硅质混合页岩以及粘土质硅质混合页岩等3种岩相类型;硅质页岩具有较高的应力跌落速率和弹性能量转化效率,裂缝拓展能力较强,岩石整体具有较强的脆性,纵向和横向裂缝均有发育且相互之间发生交会和联结,而钙质硅质混合页岩裂缝拓展能力次之,最弱者为粘土质硅质混合页岩;粘土质硅质混合页岩夹层对孔隙水压力和主应力的传播有较强的应力屏障效应,裂缝跨层传播能力随应力的急剧下降而受到削弱,钙质硅质页岩应力屏障效应较弱,裂缝具有较强的跨层传播能力。这些研究成果对“甜点”层优选、水平井地质导向以及压裂施工参数的调整等具有较好的参考价值。 相似文献
6.
塑料排水板工法中的粘土固结系数的评价方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塑料板排水工法广泛应用于软地基处理的工程中,在这种工法中如何评价粘土的固结系数,关系到最终沉降量的预测、工程费用的计算等重要问题.本研究用现场试验的方法,在吹填软粘土中打设了3种不同间距的塑料排水板,对分层沉降量进行了监测,并相应地用差分法对沉降量进行了数值预测.探讨了塑料排水板的间距对粘土固结系数的影响效果. 相似文献
7.
煤矿开采导水裂缝发育高度及影响因素分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
煤矿开采形成的导水裂缝,一旦波及煤层上覆水体,则会导致水流入或溃入井下,直接威胁煤矿安全生产。在总结分析现有导水裂缝研究方法的基础上,以理论推导的方式并结合生产实际,分析了导水裂缝高度与煤层开采厚度、覆岩性质等因素的关系,明确了导水裂缝高度与采厚的平方根存在正比例关系。指出当基岩上覆有粘土冲积层或其他类似岩层时,极限曲率增量与岩层物理性质、厚度的关系对确定导水裂缝高度具有重要作用,当粘土冲积层厚度不小于2倍采厚时,粘土冲积层内下行裂缝穿透粘土层的可能性小,为特定条件导水裂缝分析提供了研究基础。 相似文献
8.
煤矿开采形成的导水裂缝,一旦波及煤层上覆水体,则会导致水流入或溃入井下,直接威胁煤矿安全生产。在总结分析现有导水裂缝研究方法的基础上,以理论推导的方式并结合生产实际,分析了导水裂缝高度与煤层开采厚度、覆岩性质等因素的关系,明确了导水裂缝高度与采厚的平方根存在正比例关系。指出当基岩上覆有粘土冲积层或其他类似岩层时,极限曲率增量与岩层物理性质、厚度的关系对确定导水裂缝高度具有重要作用,当粘土冲积层厚度不小于2倍采厚时,粘土冲积层内下行裂缝穿透粘土层的可能性小,为特定条件导水裂缝分析提供了研究基础。 相似文献
9.
沿海地区地面沉降的地质分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着世界经济的发展、人口的膨胀以及城市化进程的加快,环境对人类的生产生活的制约性也日益加强,发生在新生代沉积软粘土地层上的地面高程损失（主要由地面沉降造成）成为世界性关注的重大环境问题之一。软粘土地层的地面沉降包括自然沉降和人为沉降两方面。因此,土力学者和地质学家从工程学界和地质-沉积两个不同的方面对地面沉降机制进行了研究,并且以对前者的关注为主。工程土力学中沉降的是由软粘土的固结压缩导致的。本文结合地质因素对发生在软粘土地层上的地面沉降问题进行了分析。 相似文献
10.
结构性软土的损伤及其对地基沉降的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
通过室内试验,研究了软粘土的结构性及其在受力过程中的损伤特性,并讨论结构损伤对地基瞬时沉降和固结沉降的影响。计算结果表明,常规方法低估地基的瞬时沉降,夸大地基的固结沉降。 相似文献
11.
12.
在软土分布地区,高速公路的“桥头跳车”、路面开裂等一直是困扰工程建设者的最主要问题,而对软土路基的沉降过程进行模拟预测则是其中的难点。利用改进的剑桥模型,采用FLAC3D有限差分软件,以珠江三角洲某高速公路试验段的地层数据进行袋装砂井排水固结法处理软土地基沉降过程的流固耦合模拟,通过模拟结果来对比实际检测的应力、应变情况。结果表明,表面沉降和分层沉降的模拟值与实测值能很好地吻合,模型能较为真实地反映路基沉降变形的实际情况。 相似文献
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14.
考虑固结历史的结构性软土路基沉降数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
沿海地区广泛分布结构性海相软土,给公路运营带来很多安全隐患。通过研究某高速公路江苏段,提出了基于Shanghai软土本构模型,利用现有路基下软土的固结试验结果反推施工前原状土本构参数取值的方法。通过水-土耦合有限元程序模拟路基长期沉降,分析了土层结构性、渗透性、软土层厚度对路基沉降发展的影响。结果表明,土层初始结构性越强,加载阶段孔隙累积值越大,施工沉降越大;工后土体结构性变化越大,土层压缩越明显。土体渗透性影响路基沉降,渗透性越小,累积孔压越大,沉降时间越长,总沉降量与工后沉降占比越大。软土层厚度影响路基沉降发展,土层越厚,路基最终沉降越大,沉降稳定时间越长。 相似文献
15.
Methods are presented for analysing earth structures subjected to tensile stresses that may produce cracking. The linear elastic fracture mechanics approach is emphasized. Methods of solution are proposed for cracking of a clay layer above the water table due to desiccation; cracking of layered earth structures subjected to external loads; cracking of clay caps for landfills due to differential settlement; and radial cracking in pressurized boreholes. Causes and mechanisms of cracking are discussed for each problem and models pertinent to each problem are proposed. Solutions have been developed by synthesizing analytical and numerical methods. Published experimental data have been incorporated in modelling matric suction and cracked beams on elastic foundations. Finite element analyses were employed to obtain solutions for cracking due to differential settlement and radial cracking in boreholes. The solutions presented herein can be used to assess the soundness of existing structures or to assess the risk of cracking for the design of new structures. 相似文献
16.
高速公路扩建工程软基拓宽的沉降监测与分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
高速公路拓宽建设中新老路基特别是软土路基的固结沉降与力学性质的差异将引起严重的路面开裂,因而控制其差异沉降、防止拼接处路面开裂成为扩建工程软基处理中的技术关键。针对采用薄壁管桩和粉喷桩处理的软基路段,选取具有典型地质条件及较高填方的断面,通过埋设地面沉降板,对拓宽路基及新老路堤结合部进行了为期9个月的沉降动态监测。监测结果表明,拓宽路基的累计沉降及差异沉降均很小,后期沉降速率小于控制标准,为新老路基差异沉降的评价提供了依据;薄壁管桩用于处理埋深大、层厚大的拓宽软基及粉喷桩用于处理埋深浅、层厚较小的拓宽软基具有各自的适用性,拓宽后的新老路基已形成整体性强的复合地基,达到了路基拓宽的理想效果。 相似文献
17.
Response of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced bed resting on soft soil with stone columns 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In the present study, a mechanical model has been developed to study the behavior of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill over stone column-reinforced soft soil. The granular fill and geosynthetic reinforcement layers have been idealized by Pasternak shear layer and rough elastic membranes, respectively. The Kelvin–Voight model has been used to represent the time-dependent behavior of saturated soft soil. The stone columns are idealized by stiffer springs and assumed to be linearly elastic. The nonlinear behavior of the soft soil and granular fill is considered. The effect of consolidation of soft soil due to inclusion of the stone columns on settlement response has also been included in the model. Plane strain conditions are considered for the loading and reinforced foundation soil system. An iterative finite difference scheme is applied for obtaining the solution and results are presented in nondimensional form. It has been observed that if the soft soil is improved with stone columns, the multilayer reinforcement system is less effective as compared to single layer reinforcement to reduce the total settlement as there is considerable reduction in the total settlement due to stone column itself. Multilayer reinforcement system is effective for reducing the total settlement when stone columns are not used. However, multilayer reinforcement system is effective to transfer the stress from soil to stone column. The differential settlement is also slightly reduced due to application of multiple geosynthetic layers as compared to the single layer reinforcement system. 相似文献
18.
以上海4条地铁线路道床长期沉降监测资料为基础,分析了地铁隧道的纵向沉降特征;结合该地区地质环境调查资料,深入分析地铁隧道沉降与下卧层地层结构、浅部地下水位变化以及区域地面沉降三个地质环境因素之间的相互作用关系。结果表明,地铁隧道下卧地层结构差异是地铁隧道沉降差异性的重要地质环境因素,深基坑降排水引起降水目的含水层地下水位下降,使得降水目的层以及相邻软黏性土层发生较大的压缩变形,导致以降水目的层上覆软黏性土层为承载体的地铁隧道也随之发生沉降,区域地面沉降也是地铁隧道沉降的重要影响因素。 相似文献
19.
Land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation in Suzhou City,China 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
Suzhou City, located at the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in southeastern Jiangsu Province, is one of the few cities
in China which suffer from severe ground settlement. A research project was carried out to investigate this problem. Geological
and hydrogeological studies show that there is a multi-layered aquifer system with three distinct, soft mud layers of marine
and lagoonal origins. An examination of historical records of groundwater extraction, water levels, and ground settlement
shows that the ground subsidence is associated with the continuously increasing groundwater extraction in the deep, confined
aquifer. It is believed that the consolidation of the soft mud layers, especially the third layer which is thick and close
to the main pumped aquifer, contributes to the ground settlement. A three-dimensional finite difference numerical model representing
the multi-layered aquifer system was developed to study the ground settlement in response to groundwater extraction. By calibrating
the model with both the measured groundwater level and ground settlement, the aquifer parameters were estimated. The model
outputs fit reasonably well with the observed results, which indicates that the numerical model can reproduce the dynamic
processes of both groundwater flow and soil consolidation. The hydraulic conductivity of the third mud layer near the center
of the ground settlement has been reduced by over 30% in the last 14 years. The gradual deterioration in the hydraulic conductivity
of the mud may have significant adverse effect on the sustainable groundwater resource of the deep confined aquifer, since
the recharge from the shallow aquifers through the mud layer is the only source of water to the deep aquifer. An analysis
of the spatial distributions of groundwater drawdown and ground settlement shows that the area with maximum drawdown is not
necessarily the area with maximum ground settlement due to the occurrence of the soft mud layer. A simple reallocation in
pumping rates on the basis of the spatial distribution of the thick mud layer could significantly reduce the ground settlement.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
20.
Monitoring Shanghai metro tunnels and their surroundings indicates that the maximum settlement caused by metro operation for
years has been more than 25 cm in soft soil of tunnel bottom, which has seriously affected the normal operation of subway,
and even caused some old house cracking around subway lines. To investigate main influence factors on metro-caused settlement
so as to provide the basis for the control of metro-caused settlement, the analytical hierarchy process was adopted to make
their weight arrangement. With the experience analogy and grey correlation theory, the grey correlation-hierarchical analysis
method was proposed to evaluate the possibility of metro-caused settlement in soft soil of tunnel bottom. The correlation
of metro-caused settlement and its influence factors (such as dynamic load conditions of metro, soil conditions, burial conditions
of soil prone to dynamic settlement, and hydrogeology conditions) was probed. Taking Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel project
in China (it is now the largest shield tunnel in the world) as an example, the division estimation and the comprehensive evaluation
of possibility and severity for metro-caused settlement were also done. The results were observed as follows: (1) the severity
of settlements caused by dynamic load of metro in soft soil of tunnel bottom at the same position increases as the speed of
subway trains increases; (2) On comparison between the foundations of silty clay and clayey silt, the former is generally
more prone to the metro-caused settlement under the same conditions as dynamic load conditions of metro, void ratio of soil,
natural water content of soil, burial conditions, and hydrogeology conditions; (3) the grey correlation-hierarchical analysis
method is more applicable than grey correlation method for the possibility estimation of metro-caused settlement in the soft
soil of tunnel bottom; (4) it may provide the reference for the possibility evaluation of metro-caused settlement in other
similar projects. 相似文献