共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 675 毫秒
1.
介绍遥感影像压缩的主观评价方法及其分类,并应用模糊综合评判方法对采用JPEG2000标准和SPIHT改进算法压缩后的重建影像进行质量评价。评价结果表明:随着压缩比增加,两种压缩算法压缩后的影像质量均逐渐下降;当压缩比不超过4∶1时,两种压缩算法得到的影像效果均较好,与原始影像差别不大;当压缩比相同时,JPEG2000算法的压缩效果略好于SPIHT算法;在地形较复杂的丘陵和山地,两种压缩算法压缩后的影像质量下降,影像失真较严重。 相似文献
2.
基于小波变换和混合熵编码的山区格网DEM数据压缩 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用信息论的观点对山区格网DEM数据进行了分析,发现山区DEM数据具有信息熵高、冗余度低的特点,从而导致了无损压缩方法——熵编码对其进行压缩的压缩比低。为了实现对DEM数据高效、高精度的压缩,笔者提出利用具有线性相位的双正交小波变换以及混合熵编码方法(Huffman编码加游程编码)对山区格网DEM数据进行压缩。实验结果表明,该方法在基本不损失DEM数据精度的情况下,可获得比无损压缩方法高得多的压缩比。 相似文献
3.
DEM综合是其描述的地形表面细节逐渐舍去、轮廓不断呈现的连续过程。该文运用小波变换和方根模型模拟这一过程,将小波高频系数作为DEM综合的对象,以方根模型作为阈值设定的理论依据,对小波分解各层按不同等级进行取舍实现DEM综合。以1∶1万地形图建立的DEM进行试验,派生一系列不同复杂度的DEM,并用等高线分布特征、坡度和剖面曲率、地形叠加等进行对比分析。结果表明,随着DEM综合程度增大,生成的DEM逐步舍去地形表面细节,同时较好保持了原DEM山体轮廓、山脊和谷地的走向等地貌形态特征。最后,运用回归分析方法建立了派生DEM与相应空间分辨率之间的关系,为DEM尺度效应的应用提供方法和数据支持。 相似文献
4.
面向DEM地形复杂度分析的分形方法研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
在基于栅格DEM数据的基础上,应用分形几何学方法,采用元分维模型理论,提出一种描述DEM地形复杂度的分形分析方法,并得出分析指标———地形分维指数(TFI)。实验证明,该指标可以有效描述栅格DEM数据反映的地形变化特征,分析窗口由小到大的规律性变化反映出地貌从微观到宏观的变化情况,因此其既可以作为对栅格DEM所描述地形进行评价的坡面因子,又可以作为基于DEM的地貌类型区自动划分的参照依据。 相似文献
5.
《地理与地理信息科学》2017,(4)
地形纹理特征提取和识别是地形自动分类的关键。该文在分析已有地形纹理特征提取方法的基础上,提出一种基于双树复小波变换的地形纹理特征提取和识别方法。该方法将DEM地形垂直特征信息引入双树复小波变换模型,设计并实现了面向DEM地形数据特点的地形纹理特征提取方法。以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区为实验样区,选取6个不同地貌特征共109个典型地形纹理样本进行特征识别实验,并将实验结果与常用的灰度共生矩阵(GLCM)模型及Gabor滤波结合PCA方法进行对比。研究显示,基于地形垂直特征改进的双树复小波变换模型对6类样本有较高的识别精度,同时消耗最短的纹理特征构建时间。 相似文献
6.
卫星测图应用中,遥感影像压缩几何质量评价对于制定合理的星上压缩指标具有重要参考意义。该文从影像匹配精度评价、自动生成DSM/DEM的精度评价和摄影测量点定位精度评价方面进行几何质量评价,并分析影像压缩比与不同地形类别的重建影像质量间的关系。试验结果表明,对于国产星上SPIHT压缩算法,在压缩比4∶1的条件下,由重建影像立体像对自动生成的DSM可以满足1∶5万数字高程模型高程中误差最低要求;在压缩比2∶1的条件下,重建影像立体像对摄影测量点定位精度满足所有地形的1∶5万测图规范要求。 相似文献
7.
蒙古高原地形与植被指数的特征尺度及多尺度耦合关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于GTOP30 DEM数据及MODIS NDVI数据,应用小波变换和小波多尺度相关分析方法对蒙古高原地形因子、NDVI因子的尺度特征及两因子间的多尺度相关关系进行研究。结果表明:1 DEM在北部地区的变异程度较南部强烈,在西部地区的变异程度较东部强烈。DEM的空间分布呈现出一个约为20 km的特征尺度。2NDVI空间分布格局的态势与DEM态势基本相同,且呈现出2个特征尺度,较小的特征尺度出现在2~4km左右,较大的特征尺度出现在20 km左右。3 DEM与NDVI在20 km尺度上存在耦合关系,即随着地形地貌在20 km尺度上发生较大变化,植被生长状况的空间分布也随之发生变化。地形因子趋向于在宏观尺度上制约NDVI的空间分布。论文最后总结了小波分析方法在地学空间数据中具有特征尺度识别和多尺度耦合相关分析的能力,同时也指出了该方法在连续尺度分析、特点位置多尺度相关分析以及二维小波分析方面的不足。 相似文献
8.
以北方农牧交错带典型丘陵、山地及丘间盆地混合地带为研究区,利用国家测绘局提供的1∶5万地形图,比较ANUDEM方法与生成DEM常用的内插算法TIN、NNI、Kriging和IDW之间的精度。DEM质量评价采用数值精度指标验证,并辅以地形属性可视化分析、等高线分析和不同算法插值结果差异分析等,结果表明不同算法内插高程误差较大的区域主要分布在地形结构线附近;且ANUDEM方法生成的DEM精度较高,在其上提取的等高线与原始等高线吻合度高,能较好地反映研究区的真实地形。 相似文献
9.
基于DEM的中国地形起伏度适宜计算尺度研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
基于SRTM和ASTER DEM数据,在全国范围内选取13个实验区,在渐变尺度下计算平均起伏度变化曲线的"突变点",据此确定中国地形起伏度的适宜计算尺度;结合山地界定标准计算各实验区山地面积,并采用人工解译的山地范围对计算结果进行检验。研究结果表明:1)地形起伏度适宜计算尺度与所采用的DEM数据有关,DEM分辨率越小,地形起伏度适宜计算尺度越大;2)针对同一分辨率DEM数据,中国境内的地形起伏度适宜计算尺度随地貌特征变化而变化,但总体变化幅度不大;3)针对SRTM和ASTER DEM两种常用数据源,分别选择4.72km2和3.20km2作为地形起伏度适宜计算尺度是合理的,山地界定精度达90%以上。 相似文献
10.
现有的全球大规模空间数据可视化系统主要侧重于影像和地形数据的综合表达,针对矢量与地形的集成可视化能力相对较弱。该文以球面退化四叉树格网(Degenerate Quad-tree Grids,DQG)为基础,通过DQG格网的三角化过程构建了地表DEM模型,并提出了从矢量线对象到地形格网表面的映射方法。采用GTOPO30数据集和国界矢量数据进行了相关实验,结果表明:该方法能实现矢量数据与多分辨率DEM的无缝集成,并能有效地避免矢量对象"悬浮"和"入地"等现象。 相似文献
11.
一种快速地形纹理生成和虚拟漫游方法 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
复杂场景的大范围、高分辨率纹理的快速漫游是虚拟现实、GIS、仿真等领域的关键技术与难点。DEM是对地形地貌的数字描述和模拟,利用DEM数据生成可视化地形,可以更好的描述特定区域的地形特征,通过对特定区域中模型的纹理生成和映射,配合光照、大气等区域内自然场景的建模技术,可生成较为逼真的真实场景。基于OpenGL编程进行DEM地形可视化是实现地形实时漫游的方法之一,利用层次细节模型降低场景复杂度以提高漫游帧速率是该类系统中的常用方法,由于场景复杂度问题,不同的系统在具体算法实现中采用的方法也不尽相同。本文以一个虚拟校园为例,针对DEM数据转换和LOD模型面临的问题,给出了特定场景的LOD模型数据处理思想和纹理快速纹理生成、匹配、映射算法。同时给出虚拟实时漫游中第一人称漫游和飞行漫游的一般方法,讨论了在Windows环境下使用OpenGL进行虚拟漫游的基本步骤。提出了一种新的根据场景特点快速生成和映射纹理途径。结果表明,该方法在保证真实感条件情况下达到了满意的实时漫游效果。 相似文献
12.
提出一种新的基于坡度分析的DEM数字水印算法.该算法以DEM坡度为主要研究对象,由于坡度误差主要集中在平坦地区,而经小波变换后的DEM低频系数信息可反映DEM区域的地形复杂度,因此,通过对DEM低频系数进行分析,可自适应地确定水印的嵌入位置;然后以加性法则将水印信息嵌入低频系数,再经小波逆变换,即可得到含水印信息的DEM数据.实验结果表明,该算法能完全满足水印的不可见性,对DEM数据的高程精度、坡度精度及等高线的提取精度影响都很小,能够满足一定的应用要求,且具有良好的抗噪能力. 相似文献
13.
Chang Li Sisi Zhao Qing Wang Wenzhong Shi 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(9):1837-1859
In the field of digital terrain analysis (DTA), the principle and method of uncertainty in surface area calculation (SAC) have not been deeply developed and need to be further studied. This paper considers the uncertainty of data sources from the digital elevation model (DEM) and SAC in DTA to perform the following investigations: (a) truncation error (TE) modeling and analysis, (b) modeling and analysis of SAC propagation error (PE) by using Monte-Carlo simulation techniques and spatial autocorrelation error to simulate DEM uncertainty. The simulation experiments show that (a) without the introduction of the DEM error, higher DEM resolution and lower terrain complexity lead to smaller TE and absolute error (AE); (b) with the introduction of the DEM error, the DEM resolution and terrain complexity influence the AE and standard deviation (SD) of the SAC, but the trends by which the two values change may be not consistent; and (c) the spatial distribution of the introduced random error determines the size and degree of the deviation between the calculated result and the true value of the surface area. This study provides insights regarding the principle and method of uncertainty in SACs in geographic information science (GIScience) and provides guidance to quantify SAC uncertainty. 相似文献
14.
A digital elevation model (DEM), which is used to represent a terrain surface, is normally constructed by applying an interpolation method on given sample elevation points. Interpolation methods can be classified into two classes: linear methods, which have a low time cost and are suitable for terrains where there is little change in elevation, and nonlinear methods, which normally consume comparatively more time and are more suitable for terrains where there are frequent changes in elevation. A hybrid interpolation method, which involves both a linear method and a nonlinear method of interpolation, is proposed in this paper. The proposed method aims to integrate the advantages of both linear and nonlinear interpolation methods for the refinement of regular grid DEM. Here, the bilinear is identified as the linear method, and the bi‐cubic is taken to be the nonlinear interpolation method. The hybrid method is an integration of a linear model and nonlinear interpolation model with a parameter that defines the weights for each of the models. The parameter is dependent on the complexity of the terrain, for which a DEM is to be interpolated. The experimental results in this study demonstrate that the hybrid method is effective for interpolating DEMs for various types of terrain. 相似文献
15.
不同分辨率DEM提取地面坡度的不确定性模拟:以在黄土高原的试验为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Slope is one of the crucial terrain variables in spatial analysis and land use planning,especially in the Loess Plateau area of China which is suffering from serious soil erosion. DEM based slope extracting method has been widely accepted and applied in practice. However slope accuracy derived from this method usually does not match with its popularity. A quantitative simulation to slope data uncertainty is important not only theoretically but also necessarily to applications. This paper focuses on how resolution and terrain complexity impact on the accuracy of mean slope extracted from DEMs of different resolutions in the Loess Plateau of China. Six typical geomorphologic areas are selected as test areas, representing different terrain types from smooth to rough. Their DEMs are produced from digitizing contours of 1:10,000 scale topographic maps. Field survey results show that 5 m should be the most suitable grid size for representing slope in the Loess Plateau area. Comparative and math-simulation methodology was employed for data processing and analysis. A linear correlativity between mean slope and DEM resolution was found at all test areas,but their regression coefficients related closely with the terrain complexity of the test areas. If taking stream channel density to represent terrain complexity, mean slope error could be regressed against DEM resolution (X) and stream channel density (S) at 8 resolution levels and expressed as (0.0015S2+0.031S-0.0325)X-0.0045S2-0.155S+0.1625, with a R2 value of over 0.98. Practical tests also show an effective result of this model in applications. The new development methodology applied in this study should be helpful to similar researches in spatial data uncertainty investigation. 相似文献
16.
TANGGuoan ZHAOMudan LITianwen LIUYongmei ZHANGTing 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):387-394
Slope is one of the crucial terrain variables in spatial analysis and land use planning, especially in the Loess Plateau area of China which is suffering from serious soil erosion. DEM based slope extracting method has been widely accepted and applied in practice. However slope accuracy derived from this method usually does not match with its popularity. A quantitative simulation to slope data uncertainty is important not only theoretically but also necessarily to applications. This paper focuses on how resolution and terrain complexity impact on the accuracy of mean slope extracted from DEMs of different resolutions in the Loess Plateau of China. Six typical geomorphologic areas are selected as test areas, representing different terrain types from smooth to rough. Their DEMs are produced from digitizing contours of 1:10,000 scale topographic maps. Field survey results show that 5 m should be the most suitable grid size for representing slope in the Loess Plateau area. Comparative and math-simulation methodology was employed for data processing and analysis. A linear correlativity between mean slope and DEM resolution was found at all test areas, but their regression coefficients related closely with the terrain complexity of the test areas. If taking stream channel density to represent terrain complexity, mean slope error could be regressed against DEM resolution (X) and stream channel density (S) at 8 resolution levels and expressed as(0.0015S2 0.031S-0.0325)X-0.0045S2-0.155S 0.1625, with a R2 value of over 0.98. Practical tests also show an effective result of this model in applications. The new development methodology applied in this study should be helpful to similar researches in spatial data uncertainty investigation. 相似文献
17.
以昆明市为例，利用1：50000纸质地形图在ArcGIS中完成等高线矢量化，并在ERDAS中建立高精度的DEM数据。再采用ETM＋影像制作的昆明市正射影像作为三维表面的纹理信息，应用ERDAS IMAGINE8．7的VirtualGIS模块，在相同的投影坐标系统下，将数字高程模型（DEM）数据与遥感正射影像进行叠加实现了昆明市的三维地形可视化。 相似文献
18.
Slope is one of the crucial terrain variables in spatial analysis and land use planning, especially in the Loess Plateau area of China which is suffering from serious soil erosion. DEM based slope extracting method has been widely accepted and applied in practice. However slope accuracy derived from this method usually does not match with its popularity. A quantitative simulation to slope data uncertainty is important not only theoretically but also necessarily to applications. This paper focuses on how resolution and terrain complexity impact on the accuracy of mean slope extracted from DEMs of different resolutions in the Loess Plateau of China. Six typical geomorphologic areas are selected as test areas, representing different terrain types from smooth to rough. Their DEMs are produced from digitizing contours of 1:10,000 scale topographic maps. Field survey results show that 5 m should be the most suitable grid size for representing slope in the Loess Plateau area. Comparative and math-simulation methodology was employed for data processing and analysis. A linear correlativity between mean slope and DEM resolution was found at all test areas, but their regression coefficients related closely with the terrain complexity of the test areas. If taking stream channel density to represent terrain complexity, mean slope error could be regressed against DEM resolution (X) and stream channel density (S) at 8 resolution levels and expressed as (0.0015S2+0.031S-0.0325)X-0.0045S2-0.155S+0.1625, with a R2 value of over 0.98. Practical tests also show an effective result of this model in applications. The new development methodology applied in this study should be helpful to similar researches in spatial data uncertainty investigation. 相似文献