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1.
Researching media coverage of climate change may shed light on the different configurations of global and domestic factors affecting journalism and politics. This article analyzes climate change coverage in Portugal from 2007 to 2014 in comparison with 14 other countries. It shows that the Portuguese press tends to reproduce the global political agenda on climate change, mainly focusing on international events associated with global political decision-making processes, instead of providing a domesticated coverage, as observed in other countries. National and local levels of action are thus obscured. The interplay between global and domestic factors—including characteristics of Portugal’s press and politics, such as national political leaders’ lack of mobilization and communication on climate change, media’s deference to powerful sources, and reliance on international news feeds—creates the conditions for global politics to play an hegemonic role in media representations, which is likely to influence public engagement with climate change. 相似文献
2.
城市实体特征对城市网络空间影响力的作用机制——基于互联网新闻媒体的分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
借助百度新闻媒体指数功能,收集281个地级市或以上城市在2011~2014年间的媒体指数,分析基于互联网新闻媒体的城市网络空间影响力差异及其变化。其次,通过对面板数据的回归分析,从政府因素与市场因素两个方面探讨城市在实体空间中的特征（或传统影响力）是如何作用到城市在网络空间中的影响力。并且,通过对各年数据的回归分析,进一步考察政府因素与市场因素作用机制的演化过程。 相似文献
3.
Understanding of the gathering of nontimber forest products (NTFPs) in woodlands has focused heavily on politics surrounding public lands and harvester communities. Yet forest gathering may be far more universal. This paper reports the results of a survey of residents in New England, querying whether people gather wild things and for what purposes. The results suggest that gathering in New England, and elsewhere in the developed world, is not restricted to a unique type of community or economy, but instead is a form of practice. Those analytical approaches to NTFPs that seek to produce 'alternatives' to the dominant economy may therefore ironically work to reinforce a capitalocentric view of daily life. 相似文献
4.
While news media play a major role in shaping public opinion and government policy, existing literature suggests that coverage of both the third world and environmental issues is superficial and crisis-oriented. This study uses the example of Amazonian deforestation to explore the quantity and content of coverage in influential American newspapers. We found that coverage included a wide range of (sometimes) contradictory theories regarding the causes of deforestation, and that the amount, but not the nature, of the coverage changed in response to a “crisis.” 相似文献
5.
2005年12月~2006年3月,采用粪便分析法对北京野鸭湖湿地自然保护区和密云水库北部地区越冬灰鹤(Grus grus)的食性进行了研究。结果表明,灰鹤冬季为植食性,主要的食物有5科13种。谷物为其冬季食物的主要来源,占食物总量的76.40%。除农作物外,灰鹤也取食湿地植物的种子或植株,但仅占食物总量的13.27%。将野鸭湖灰鹤和密云水库灰鹤的食物组成进行比较,发现两越冬种群虽然都主要以农作物为食,但野鸭湖灰鹤以取食玉米(Zea mays)为主,密云水库越冬灰鹤取食最多的食物则为高粱(Sorghun bicolar)。 相似文献
6.
Effective risk communication is central to good environmental risk management. While studies have shown that newspapers are the primary source of information to the public regarding environmental issues, little is known about how environmental news is used as a risk‐communication tool. This article explores the role of local information systems in risk communication, using newspaper content analysis as well as in‐depth interviews with journalists and community residents to develop a case study of an environmental assessment process for a nonhazardous industrial‐waste landfill. Results indicate that risk messages were chosen and shaped by journalists on the basis of their own exigencies. In addition, while newspapers were a major source of risk information, their impact was mitigated by resident distrust and access to other information sources, most notably their own personal information networks. These results have implications for environmental policy, as decision makers often use—either passively or actively—print media as a risk‐communication tool. 相似文献
7.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(2):93-103
There has recently been discussion on the framings and representations of scale, in particular ways in which scales are constructed and used in legitimizing contrasting views. In these debates, scale has been regarded as an epistemological rather than an ontological question. Moreover, scale has been seen as processual instead of regarding it as a pre-given structure. Drawing on the debates on scale framings and the processual ideas of scale, the article focuses on the temporary framings of scale related to occasional events. The interest is in the discursive framings of scale, and also in the ways in which temporary re-scalings are materialized and embodied in urban spaces. This is illustrated with material related to a European Union meeting that took place in the city of Lahti in Finland in 2006. The case demonstrates how scale-thinking occurs within the city and how an event can produce temporary framings of scale. Using newspaper articles, interviews, field notes, and photographs, the article examines which viewpoints on scale were expressed during the EU meeting, and what kinds of scalar strategies were used in legitimizing different views. 相似文献
8.
基于报纸媒体内容分析和信息熵的广交会综合影响力时空分布 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从报纸媒体的角度研究广交会作为重大事件的综合影响力的时空分布特点。以中国知网(http://www.cnki.net/) 所属“中国重要报纸全文数据库”(CCND) 2000-05-05 到2011-05-30 时间段内“广交会”为主题的4333 条新闻报道为研究文本, 通过传播学中的内容分析法建构分析类目, 统计类目包括新闻的时间、所属的届数与期数、报社所在城市、新闻版面、新闻字数等, 共由3 个编码员进行统计, 并对类目编码进行信度检测。在对新闻内容进行计量统计的基础上, 引进信息熵度量信息量, 利用信息熵和报道篇数构建广交会综合影响力指标, 进一步构建广交会空间综合影响力指数方程, 分析广交会综合影响力在全国的分布情况, 并检验综合影响力指标和经济指标的相关性。结果发现:① 从时间分布来看, 以新闻报道数量来衡量, 在事件(广交会) 进行时其综合影响力存在时间衰减现象, 各展期综合影响力的年际变化则呈现为周期性的年度重复现象。② 从空间分布来看, 广交会综合影响力空间分布与城市参展商数量、经济情况和距离有着密切的联系:受影响大的城市主要集中在沿海经济发达的省份, 受影响小的城市主要分布在西部和北部, 整体上综合影响力大小和城市分布的密度由东到西递减;综合影响力总体上存在显著的空间距离衰减, 但对于北京和上海这两个特殊城市而言, 空间距离已经不是广交会综合影响力的主要因素, 而在广交会举办地的“当地”(广东省内) 较短的距离内, 距离衰减并不显著, 当空间距离超出一定范围, 则存在明显的距离衰减现象。 相似文献
9.
Natural Resource Access Rights and Wrongs: Nontimber Forest Products Gathering in Urban Environments
This article uses research about non-timber forest products (NTFP) gathering in Seattle, Washington, USA to examine how people gain access to natural resources in urban environments. Our analysis focuses on gathering in three spaces: parks, yards, and public rights of way. We present a framework for conceptualizing access, and highlight cognitive mechanisms of access associated with foragers’ internal moral judgments about harvesting. Key findings are: (1) internal moral calculations about whether it is right or wrong to harvest a particular NTFP in a particular place are an important but previously unacknowledged mechanism governing resource access; and (2) these calculations may help prevent over-harvesting of NTFPs, which are common pool resources, in urban environments where social and environmental conditions lend themselves to a de facto situation of open access. Our findings suggest that voluntary codes of conduct may be the best way to manage NTFP access in cities. 相似文献
10.
《Urban geography》2013,34(4):318-344
Havana and Kingston are two cities in crisis. Havana is plagued by severe shortages of food, fuel, and other basic imports, and by widespread building deterioration. Kingston has extensive poverty, high unemployment, increasing crime, and deteriorating roads, buses, and working-class housing. Despite the problematic conditions found in both cities, recent coverage of them by major U.S. newspapers differs in extent, content, and underlying message. Heavy coverage of the crisis in Havana describes a desperate population in a decrepit city, and attributes the crisis to the failures of Castro and communism. The media less thoroughly and less urgently cover the crisis in Kingston, and what problems they do report are not traced to the political economic system or to political leadership. Despite these reporting inconsistencies, the media's presentation of the world is very influential. As this paper demonstrates, fully deconstructing news media images requires that they be systematically compared to those generated by empirically informed geographical research. Such comparisons also contribute to a broader research project aimed at exposing and contesting the social construction of place. 相似文献
11.
Max Nielsen-Pincus Patricia Sussman Drew E. Bennett Hannah Gosnell Robert Parker 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(12):1423-1441
Sense of place, including an individual’s attitudes toward specific geographic settings, is generally predicted to influence willingness to engage in place-protective behaviors. Relatively little research, however, has empirically examined the influence of people’s attitudes toward a place on their willingness to pay for environmental protection. Using the example of a payment for ecosystem services (PES) initiative in the McKenzie River watershed, Oregon, USA, we found that place attitudes were a significant predictor of respondents’ willingness to pay for a program designed to benefit drinking water quality. These results suggest that connecting conservation actions to landscapes that are meaningful to people may increase their financial support for PES and other conservation programs. While program managers have little or no influence over stakeholders’ political ideology, gender, or income, managers may be able to influence prospective PES buyers’ awareness and attitudes through targeted communications, thereby potentially increasing support for place-based conservation efforts. 相似文献
12.
Food consumption experiences remain largely unexplored in urban Africa, despite mounting concerns regarding both over‐ and undernutrition of city dwellers and the potential impact on overall human health and development. This paper seeks to explore the foodstuffs people consume and the factors that shape consumer choice in Gaborone, Botswana. Empirical data were drawn from food diaries and observations of 40 households and discussions with them, plus key informants interviews in Gaborone. Analysis reveals the range of foodstuff people consume, highlighting the prevalence of diets comprised of energy dense, processed and animal‐sourced foods, which are major nutritional security concerns. However these diets were not summarily western or westernizing as per the nutritional transition thesis, as our analysis suggests subtleties of dietary patterns, including the fact that meat‐based diets are traditionally rooted rather than imported and meals tend to comprise both local and western components. The paper also identifies multiple interacting factors influencing consumer food choices, illustrating how food decisions embody context‐specific personal and social circumstances. Understanding how these factors shape what people eat in Gaborone may enable policy makers to facilitate the conditions within which healthy food choices can be made and to address emerging public health and nutrition challenges in African cities. 相似文献
13.
Sarah F. Trainor Monika Calef David Natcher F. Stuart Chapin III A. David McGuire Orville Huntington Paul Duffy T. Scott Rupp La'Ona DeWilde Mary Kwart Nancy Fresco & Amy Lauren Lovecraft 《Polar research》2009,28(1):100-118
This paper explores whether fundamental differences exist between urban and rural vulnerability to climate-induced changes in the fire regime of interior Alaska. We further examine how communities and fire managers have responded to these changes and what additional adaptations could be put in place. We engage a variety of social science methods, including demographic analysis, semi-structured interviews, surveys, workshops and observations of public meetings. This work is part of an interdisciplinary study of feedback and interactions between climate, vegetation, fire and human components of the Boreal forest social–ecological system of interior Alaska. We have learned that although urban and rural communities in interior Alaska face similar increased exposure to wildfire as a result of climate change, important differences exist in their sensitivity to these biophysical, climate-induced changes. In particular, reliance on wild foods, delayed suppression response, financial resources and institutional connections vary between urban and rural communities. These differences depend largely on social, economic and institutional factors, and are not necessarily related to biophysical climate impacts per se. Fire management and suppression action motivated by political, economic or other pressures can serve as unintentional or indirect adaptation to climate change. However, this indirect response alone may not sufficiently reduce vulnerability to a changing fire regime. More deliberate and strategic responses may be required, given the magnitude of the expected climate change and the likelihood of an intensification of the fire regime in interior Alaska. 相似文献
14.
Measures of geographic food access overlook an important source of statistical biases, termed the edge effect. The edge effect refers to the fallacy that events contributing to the spatial pattern of an analysis unit may be outside of that unit; thus merely summarizing events within the unit may lead to distortion of the estimation. Food procurement activities can happen beyond existing administrative boundaries. Delineating food access using unit-based metrics may misrepresent the true space within which food stores are accessible. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a gravity-based accessibility measure to improve unit-based statistical approaches in food access research. In addition, this method accounts for the spatial interaction between food supply (e.g., food items in stock) and demand (e.g., population) as well as how this interaction is mediated by the spatiotemporal separation (e.g., travel time, modality). The method is applied to the case of Franklin County, OH and has revealed the food access inequity for African Americans by modes of transport, including walking, biking, and driving. The analysis of the correlation between mode-specific food access and socioeconomic status (SES) variables reveals that using a single modality in food access research may not fully capture the travel behavior and its relationship with local food environments. With modifications, the proposed method can help evaluate food access for a target population group, such as Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) users or selected ethnic minorities who may face acute difficulties in procuring economically affordable and culturally appropriate foods. 相似文献
15.
ABSTRACT. Place imagery in printed news is a vital but overlooked feature of the public debate regarding the disposal of the nation's nuclear waste in the proposed Yucca Mountain repository northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. A content analysis of newspaper coverage reveals that participants use Great Basin imagery in the rhetorical strategies involved in making arguments for and against the site. This article identifies specific elements in the news‐production process that privilege certain conceptualizations of the Great Basin over others, and it highlights alternative visions that have appeared in editorials, travel pieces, and commentaries. Taken together, the data and analysis suggest that journalistic sensitivity to value‐laden imagery can result in more balanced and critical news accounts of public debate. 相似文献
16.
A four-sheet set of flood inundation maps of the River Torrens floodplain in Adelaide, prepared as part of the River Torrens Flood Mitigation Study, was made available by the government in an attempt to inform the public about the flood risk. Prior levels of awareness were low, there not having been a significant flood in the area since 1931.Announcement of the Flood Mitigation Study and the maps' availability was made by news release, ministerial press conference and paid advertisements in the local press. A content analysis of the various news media's coverage of this event shows that the media generally ignored the floodplain maps and concentrated on other aspects of the news release.The maps were available free from state and local government offices, and records were kept of all persons requesting maps. In the first three months only 277 persons requested maps. Approximately two-thirds of these collected maps for personal reasons and the other one-third for occupational reasons. There was no relationship between the numbers of each sheet collected and the number of flood-prone premises on the sheet. One of the sheets shows no flood-affected premises but has been requested as much as any other sheet.The results are compared with sales figures of floodplain maps prepared for Brisbane, Queensland, after a disastrous flood there in 1974. The effect of experience of a flood is evident on both the population and the media in Brisbane when compared to Adelaide. In addition to low prior awareness of flood risk, the low prominence of the story in the mass media, the content of the media reports and the positions of the paid advertisements in the press all contributed to the poor community response to the maps. 相似文献
17.
《Urban geography》2012,33(10):1485-1505
ABSTRACTHouseholds and community organizations are involved in the creation, use, care, and management of urban spaces, including through food practices such as planting, foraging, harvesting, weeding and pruning at the ambiguous edges of public and private property. Drawing on case studies in Boston, Massachusetts, we examine how commons are articulated through these practices, particularly in relation to multiple dimensions of property rights. Specifically, we ask how food practices can open urban spaces to negotiations around access, responsibility, care, and ownership, especially when (property) ownership is not an end-goal, but a circumstance shaping other practices. Using interviews and participant observation of individuals and organizations involved in urban food provisioning, we explore how households and community organizations are interrupting fixed notions of property ownership, by practicing urban commons. These practices and negotiations demonstrate ongoing shifts in the meanings of urban space with flexible understandings of property and ownership. 相似文献
18.
Huhu grubs,bull semen shots and koki: Visceral geographies of regional food festivals in Aotearoa 
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下载免费PDF全文 This article draws attention to the visceral geographies of two unique Aotearoa New Zealand regional food festivals – Kāwhia KaiFest and Wildfoods Hokitika. We address the question: how do organisers and attendees sensually experience place through food festivals? Interviews, participant ‘sensing’, the researchers’ own bodies and ‘gut feelings’ were used as research instruments. The affective work of visceral pleasure and disgust highlight food that is deemed (in)edible. We argue that the visceral is crucial to understanding place for wild Hokitika or calm Kāwhia. The two food festivals provide insights and paradoxes into the embodied experiences of regional and culturally diverse tourism geographies. 相似文献
19.
The fate of waste in Hawaii: Technology assessment and solid waste planning in Hawaii, 1968–78 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Jordan P. Howell 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(1):67-82
In this article I consider the initial period of solid waste management planning in the US state of Hawaii. The State encountered a number of economic and ecological controversies during its solid waste management planning, a process that was prompted by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Some issues, like project financing, were common across the US, while others, such as the potential of waste materials to reduce reliance on imported food and materials, were more unique to Hawaii. The controversies from this initial planning period were never quite fully resolved; as they lingered, they were interpreted differently across the Islands. Based on a close reading of government, advocacy group, waste industry and news media documents, I examine the controversies over solid waste management of the time and consider how the ‘dual nature’ of waste in Hawaii—simultaneously an ecological threat and (potential) economic input—shaped the adoption of solid waste management systems there. This article adds to an expanding literature examining infrastructure in environmental and technology histories. 相似文献
20.
Clare B Herrick 《Area》2005,37(3):286-294
The debate over genetically modified foods has become one of the defining environmental and social issues of the past decade. As the public naturalize biotechnology within existing cultural systems, this produces what I term 'cultures of GM'. This paper examines how these 'cultures' are legitimized and sustained through an appraisal of divergent North American and European conceptions of risk and their translation into food labelling policies. It is argued that the dialectical relationship between risk perception and its cultural context offers an instructive vantage point for critical reflection by geographers. 相似文献