共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
《地理与地理信息科学》2016,(2)
针对矢量道路网的变化检测与更新问题,提出一种基于大规模浮动车轨迹点数据的道路网快速变化发现与更新方法。首先对矢量道路网进行栅格化处理,并根据若干天内浮动车GPS轨迹点落在栅格内的个数对栅格赋值。经过对轨迹栅格图像的低通滤波、边界清理后,采用数学形态学方法提取轨迹栅格图像的骨架线,通过判断道路骨架线与更新前道路网缓冲区之间的位置关系,快速识别出变化道路,即新增道路和消失道路。最后,对更新道路的骨架线分别进行剪枝处理、断线连接以及节点融合,实现对原有道路网道路数据的提示性更新。结果表明:与传统方法相比,该方法能够以更低的成本和更好的现势性对现有道路网进行在线增量式快速变化检测和更新。 相似文献
2.
《地理与地理信息科学》2017,(3)
基于Snakes模型的移位算法是一种适合线状地图要素移位的全局最优化算法,该算法的移位效果在一定程度上依赖于Snakes模型形状参数(弹性参数α和刚性参数β)的设置,但目前仍缺少定量化的参数设置方法。为改善该算法的移位效果,该文提出了一种顾及道路要素等级属性和局部弯曲特征的Snakes模型形状参数优化设置方法。该方法分别建立了Snakes模型的形状参数与道路等级属性、道路内部各段弯曲曲率之间的定量关系,从而可在移位过程中更好地顾及道路要素的语义特征和图形特征。实验中,采用ArcGIS Engine二次开发实现了相应的道路网移位程序,并对某山区部分道路网进行移位处理,与原有算法相比,移位效果有所改善。 相似文献
3.
基于GIS的重庆市道路密度的空间分异 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
以重庆市县域为研究单元,选取2006年重庆市1:166万基础地理信息数据中的道路网络数据为参考底图,利用ArcGIS的叠加分析和空间分析功能,研究了重庆市县域道路密度的空间分布差异。在道路密度研究的基础上,对各县(片)区的路网密度分布差异从社会经济和地形等方面,进行了相关分析和讨论。结果表明,2006年重庆市各区县道路密度的空间分布具有明显的集聚特征和地带性,重庆西部渝中区、沙坪坝区、九龙坡区等道路网密度较高,东北部的城口、东南部的丰都等区县道路网密度较低,揭示出重庆市道路密度空间分布的不均衡性;部分区县的道路网密度较高,与周边地区的差异相对显著,但尚未连接成面或完全均质化,主要包括西部铜梁片区、东南的丰都等区县;各区县不同等级道路密度空间分异也不尽相同;与地形、经济、人口、城镇用地的相关性研究中发现,重庆市道路密度分布格局与重庆的地势走向和地貌组成的地区分异大体吻合,与各区县GDP发展的空间水平基本耦合,与人口的相关性密切,并且道路网络的不断完善加速了城镇建设用地的外扩。 相似文献
4.
城市道路数据的完整性和实时性是保障位置服务和规划导航路径的关键支撑。该文提出一种基于共享单车轨迹数据的新增自行车骑行道路自动检测和更新方法:首先,结合缓冲区方法和轨迹—路网几何特征检测增量轨迹;其次,基于分段—聚类—聚合策略提取更新路段,利用多特征融合密度聚类算法与最小外包矩形骨架线法提取增量道路中心线;最后,基于拓扑规则完成道路更新。以广州市共享单车轨迹为例,将该方法与传统栅格细化法进行实验对比,结果表明:该方法能有效更新道路网络,且在2 m和5 m精细尺度范围内提取的新增道路覆盖精度提升14%左右;在7 m尺度下精度达90%以上,在10 m尺度下精度达96%以上。 相似文献
5.
基于GDF的道路网完全拓扑生成算法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
拓扑关系生成是导航空间数据库构建的一个关键环节。该文根据ISOGDF4.0的要求和道路网拓扑关系的特点,研究了一种道路网完全拓扑关系的生成算法,即根据点的几何坐标生成结点—边拓扑关系的算法,以及从标识点出发利用Qi算子生成部分非传统面拓扑关系的算法。实验表明,此算法的时间效率较高,特别是部分面拓扑关系的定义及生成算法能满足实际导航应用的需要。 相似文献
6.
道路选取是进行道路网地图综合及多尺度表达时的基础。现有的道路选取方法大多是以道路的语义特征和几何特征作为道路选取的依据,较少考虑道路的拓扑特征。基于此,该文以城市道路网为例,综合考虑道路的语义特征、几何特征和拓扑特征,并以道路综合性能作为城市道路选取的依据,提出一种城市道路选取的新方法。通过实例分析,验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
7.
基于空间句法的武汉城市圈城乡道路网通达性演化分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将空间句法理论与GIS相结合,基于1989~2010年武汉城市圈城乡道路网数据,定量分析城乡道路网发育的空间通达性演化规律:1 1989~2010年,城乡道路网拓扑连接位序-规模结构日益发育典型,形成稳定的"金字塔"结构,高等级、高控制力的高通达性轴线发育水平较低,导致整个网络伺服效率和应对"拥堵"能力的低下;2武汉城市圈城乡道路网生长发育具有时空惯性,呈现典型的"核心-边缘"和"等级圈层"复合结构;并生成两条带状城乡交通走廊和多个不同等级有序融合的"轴-辐"网络体系;3城乡道路网这种通达性等级空间格局与圈域城镇体系、交通设施和社会经济发展状况密切相关,尤其是与高速公路为代表的高等级路网发育水平,表现出复杂的共轭协调关系,表现出周期性和螺旋式的空间嬗变,是城乡道路网自组织生长机制支配,以及路网扩张和细分两种内力共同交互作用的结果。 相似文献
8.
现有基于MapX的最优路径分析,对于TAB格式数据拓扑信息的提取方法单一,且未考虑导航特征。该文结合道路导航特点,提出了一套基于MapX的最优路径分析解决方案。首先由TAB格式数据提取拓扑信息,为最优路径分析奠定数据基础;然后针对导航的特征,即最优路径分析的起点和终点可能出现在道路网外,着重讨论了对于Dijkstra算法的拓展。 相似文献
9.
基于人类尺度营建的古城道路网经过历史演化具有分形结构.在汽车成为道路设计导向的背景下,立足于分形连接的古城道路网应回归人性化出行的视角,应用Hausdorff维数简化分析法,长度--半径维数分析法及分枝数目--半径维数分析法,对1735年,1893年,1949年及2014年四个时期西安古城道路网进行了分形维数的测算,揭示了道路网分形演化趋势和不同时期的分形特征,探讨了演化原因并确定了分形演化过程中的三个阶段(不断向更高层次演化阶段;演化到较高等级,但外部因素对道路网产生逆向扰动;处于较高层级,但交通方式变革使基于人类尺度的道路网在结构和功能上发生局部蜕变),指出目前西安古城道路网在结构和功能上的局部蜕化趋势不容忽视,并针对问题提出应推崇适宜步行和自行车出行的模式典范,对古城道路网保护乃至整个古城的可持续发展具有重要意义. 相似文献
10.
基于浮动车轨迹数据的路网快速提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
浮动车轨迹数据包含丰富的路网信息,随着浮动车轨迹数据的逐渐公开,从中提取路网信息已成为可能。目前,大多数算法提取路网时,使用统一的阈值忽略了轨迹数据的密度差异,且只考虑了轨迹的形态没有考虑轨迹的方向,严重影响了提取结果的几何精确度和拓扑正确度。为此,该文提出了一种自适应半径质心漂移聚类方法,能根据轨迹密度、道路宽度自动调整聚类参数和利用轨迹方向实现道路拓扑连接。首先,通过自适应半径质心漂移聚类方法计算路网骨架点,采用小波聚类算法获取路网骨架点的方向集;然后,根据聚类半径和方向对骨架点进行递归连接,生成路网数据。利用深圳市福田区一天的浮动车轨迹数据进行了算法实验验证,将实验结果与栅格化方法、约束三角网方法的结果进行了定性定量评价分析。实验结果表明,该文算法提取的路网数据在几何精确度及拓扑正确度上都有明显的提高,且算法适合大数据处理。 相似文献
11.
Bisheng Yang Xuechen Luan Qingquan Li 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(12):2025-2050
Strokes are products of a higher-level aggregation of street segments that can reflect functional importance and perceptual significance that is associated with them in human spatial mental conceptualizations, which is of vital importance for network analysis, street selection, and map generalization. Street properties (e.g., street names) and angles between street segments are the two main elements used for generating street strokes according to the continuity principle of perceptual grouping into networks. However, it is difficult to automatically generate strokes with good continuity from street networks with multiple lanes such as dual carriageways or complex street junctions. This article proposes a method for generating street strokes that maintain good continuity across multiple lanes and complex street junctions. The proposed method first detects dual carriageways and complex junctions in street networks and then generates strokes according to the continuity principle of perceptual grouping. Finally, it groups the generated street strokes across the dual carriageways and complex street junctions to maintain good continuity. Moreover, the generated strokes are hierarchically ranked based on stroke length and centrality measurements. Experimental studies demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method. The result shows that the generated street strokes maintain good continuity and reflect well the hierarchical structure of the street networks. 相似文献
12.
Zhilin Li 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(11):1631-1647
This article deals with the graphic simplification of a network by schematization. A new method employing a stroke-based and progressive strategy is proposed to generate schematic network maps. This method treats a stroke (which is a long line with segments concatenated together) as a basic unit for the implementation. The procedure is as follows: (a) strokes are formed from line segments, (b) the strokes are re-orientated along grid lines and/or diagonals, and (c) two endpoints and all intersection points on (sub-)strokes are projected onto re-oriented straight lines, and (d) spatial inconsistency is detected and resolved. A methodology for each of these steps is described. This new method has been tested with a set of real-life road network data and evaluated by fractal analysis and empirical study. Experimental results show that this new method is more effective than segment-based methods and is able to produce graphics with great simplicity and clarity. Based on the results obtained, the stroke-based schematization with four primary directions is recommended. 相似文献
13.
14.
Xue Yang Kathleen Stewart Zhen Dong Xia Zhang Qingquan Li 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(3):601-621
Lane-level road network updating is crucial for urban traffic applications that use geographic information systems contributing to, for example, intelligent driving, route planning and traffic control. Researchers have developed various algorithms to update road networks using sensor data, such as high-definition images or GPS data; however, approaches that involve change detection for road networks at lane level using GPS data are less common. This paper presents a novel method for automatic change detection of lane-level road networks based on GPS trajectories of vehicles. The proposed method includes two steps: map matching at lane level and lane-level change recognition. To integrate the most up-to-date GPS data with a lane-level road network, this research uses a fuzzy logic road network matching method. The proposed map-matching method starts with a confirmation of candidate lane-level road segments that use error ellipses derived from the GPS data, and then computes the membership degree between GPS data and candidate lane-level segments. The GPS trajectory data is classified into successful or unsuccessful matches using a set of defuzzification rules. Any topological and geometrical changes to road networks are detected by analysing the two kinds of matching results and comparing their relationships with the original road network. Change detection results for road networks in Wuhan, China using collected GPS trajectories show that these methods can be successfully applied to detect lane-level road changes including added lanes, closed lanes and lane-changing and turning rules, while achieving a robust detection precision of above 80%. 相似文献
15.
Integrating heterogeneous spatial data is a crucial problem for geographical information systems (GIS) applications. Previous studies mainly focus on the matching of heterogeneous road networks or heterogeneous polygonal data sets. Few literatures attempt to approach the problem of integrating the point of interest (POI) from volunteered geographic information (VGI) and professional road networks from official mapping agencies. Hence, the article proposes an approach for integrating VGI POIs and professional road networks. The proposed method first generates a POI connectivity graph by mining the linear cluster patterns from POIs. Secondly, the matching nodes between the POI connectivity graph and the associated road network are fulfilled by probabilistic relaxation and refined by a vector median filtering (VMF). Finally, POIs are aligned to the road network by an affine transformation according to the matching nodes. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method integrates both the POIs from VGI and the POIs from official mapping agencies with the associated road networks effectively and validly, providing a promising solution for enriching professional road networks by integrating VGI POIs. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
基于无尺度结构的苏南乡镇公路网分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
从图论视角建立区域尺度乡镇公路网络图,并基于节点度D提出等级节点度Dr及规模节点度Dp。从无尺度结构视角,运用D、Dr、Dp指数及数理统计方法描述苏南乡镇公路网的异质结构,结果表明苏南乡镇公路网D并非无尺度结构,但其Dr和Dp符合无尺度结构。利用SPSS相关分析和GIS空间分析发现Dp与D相关性小,但与Dr相关性高且空间对应明显。乡镇Dp-Dr的互动机制空间显示为"核-带"式区域乡镇发展模式,这种开敞组团格局有利于区域发展与保护双赢,由此建议苏州、无锡和常武地区控制乡镇密集分布,集中合并乡镇,适当限制高级公路发展;南京、镇江及金坛、溧阳地区加强高级公路地"带"乡镇的发展力度。 相似文献
19.
Measuring time accessibility and its spatial characteristics in the urban areas of Beijing 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Construction of road infrastructure is fundamental to city operation and development, as well as an important pathway and focus in physical urban-rural integration. The long-term implementation of a system of ring roads plus radiating roads in Beijing has strongly impacted urban infrastructure construction and space-time accessibility. Particularly, recent rapid growth of private car ownership in Beijing has imposed greater loads on its road system, seriously hampering urban commuting efficiency and negatively impacting quality of life. To address such challenges and enhance the rapid development of transport infrastructure, Beijing has accelerated rail transit construction since 2008 in an effort to improve commuting capacity. This paper aims to measure time accessibility and its spatial characteristics in urban areas of Beijing by applying a comprehensive method that combines vector and raster attribute data generated from road network and subway transport infrastructure. By using a dual index of accessibility and road density, the study further reveals the features of and differences in spatial accessibility and the construction of road systems in urban areas of the northern and southern parts of Beijing. The findings of this study can provide a scientific basis for future urban planning and road system construction both in general and with respect to Beijing, given its aspirations to become a world city. 相似文献