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1.
中国不同区域能源消费碳足迹的时空变化(英文)   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
Study on regional carbon emission is one of the hot topics under the background of global climate change and low-carbon economic development, and also help to establish different low-carbon strategies for different regions. On the basis of energy consumption and land use data of different regions in China from 1999 to 2008, this paper established carbon emission and carbon footprint models based on total energy consumption, and calculated the amount of carbon emissions and carbon footprint in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. The author also analyzed carbon emission density and per unit area carbon footprint for each region. Finally, advices for decreasing carbon footprint were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Carbon emissions from total energy consumption increased 129% from 1999 to 2008 in China, but its spatial distribution pattern among different regions just slightly changed, the sorting of carbon emission amount was: Eastern China > Northern China > Central and Southern China > Southwest China > Northwest China. (2) The sorting of carbon emission density was: Eastern China > Northeast China > Central and Southern China > Northern China > Southwest China > Northwest China from 1999 to 2003, but from 2004 Central and Southern China began to have higher carbon emission density than Northeast China, the order of other regions did not change. (3) Carbon footprint increased significantly since the rapid increasing of carbon emissions and less increasing area of pro-ductive land in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. Northern China had the largest carbon footprint, and Northwest China, Eastern China, Northern China, Central and Southern China followed in turn, while Southwest China presented the lowest area of carbon footprint and the highest percentage of carbon absorption. (4) Mainly influenced by regional land area, Northern China presented the highest per unit area carbon footprint and followed by Eastern China, and Northeast China; Central and Southern China, and Northwest China had a similar medium per unit area carbon footprint; Southwest China always had the lowest per unit area carbon footprint. (5) China faced great ecological pressure brought by carbon emission. Some measures should be taken both from reducing carbon emission and increasing carbon absorption.  相似文献   

2.
基于能源消费的中国不同产业空间的碳足迹分析   总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8  
Using energy consumption and land use data of each region of China in 2007,this paper established carbon emission and carbon footprint model based on energy consumption,and estimated the carbon emission amount of fossil energy and rural biomass energy of dif-ferent regions of China in 2007.Through matching the energy consumption items with indus-trial spaces,this paper divided industrial spaces into five types:agricultural space,living & industrial-commercial space,transportation industrial space,fishery and water conservancy space,and other industrial space.Then the author analyzed the carbon emission intensity and carbon footprint of each industrial space.Finally,advices of decreasing industrial carbon footprint and optimizing industrial space pattern were put forward.The main conclusions are as following:(1) Total amount of carbon emission from energy consumption of China in 2007 was about 1.65 GtC,in which the proportion of carbon emission from fossil energy was 89%.(2) Carbon emission intensity of industrial space of China in 2007 was 1.98 t/hm2,in which,carbon emission intensity of living & industrial-commercial space and of transportation in-dustrial space was 55.16 t/hm2 and 49.65 t/hm2 respectively,they were high-carbon-emission industrial spaces among others.(3) Carbon footprint caused by industrial activities of China in 2007 was 522.34 106 hm2,which brought about ecological deficit of 28.69 106 hm2,which means that the productive lands were not sufficient to compensate for carbon footprint of industrial activities,and the compensating rate was 94.5%.As to the regional carbon footprint,several regions have ecological profit while others have not.In general,the present ecologi-cal deficit caused by industrial activities was small in 2007.(4) Per unit area carbon footprint of industrial space in China was about 0.63 hm2/hm2 in 2007,in which that of living & indus-trial-commercial space was the highest (17.5 hm2/hm2).The per unit area carbon footprint of different industrial spaces all presented a declining trend from east to west of China.  相似文献   

3.
中国能源碳足迹时空格局演化及脱钩效应   总被引:12,自引:5,他引:7  
潘竟虎  张永年 《地理学报》2021,76(1):206-222
利用DMSP-OLS夜间灯光数据和碳排放统计数据,构建碳排放面板数据模型,模拟了2000—2013年中国的碳排放量。运用探索性时空数据分析(ESTDA)框架体系,从时空交互视角分析2001—2013年碳足迹的空间格局和时空依赖动态演化;利用改进的Tapio脱钩模型对3个时间段336个地级单元环境碳负荷与经济增长之间的脱钩效应进行综合分析。研究表明:① 2000—2013年,中国的碳排放在时空演变上既表现出稳中有进的总体特征,也存在快速增长的阶段特征。② 碳足迹和碳赤字均呈逐年增长趋势,年均增长率分别为4.82%和5.72%;碳足迹和碳赤字整体北方大于南方,不同的行政单元尺度下碳足迹和碳赤字空间异质性特征明显。各地级单元碳足迹变异系数逐步增大,存在极为显著的空间自相关特征。③ LISA时间路径相对长度北方大于南方,且呈由沿海地区向中西部地区递增的趋势;LISA时间路径弯曲度整体上则由沿海地区向内陆地区递减。④ 综合脱钩指数整体以弱脱钩型为主,但弱脱钩型城市数量持续减少,扩张连接、扩张负脱钩区域数量逐渐增多且向中西部及东北地区聚集分布;全国平均脱钩弹性值逐步增长,变异系数持续下降。  相似文献   

4.
基于能源消费的江苏省土地利用碳排放与碳足迹   总被引:35,自引:5,他引:30  
赵荣钦  黄贤金 《地理研究》2010,29(9):1639-1649
采用2003~2007年江苏省能源消费和土地利用等数据,通过构建能源消费的碳排放模型,对江苏省5年来能源消费碳排放进行了核算,并通过土地利用类型和碳排放项目的对应,对不同土地利用方式的碳排放及碳足迹进行了定量分析。结论如下:(1)江苏省能源消费碳排放总量从2003年的8794.24万t上升到2007年的16329.85万t,涨幅达86%。其中,终端能源消费碳排放占53.6%。(2)江苏全省土地单位面积碳排放从2003年8.24t/hm2上升到2007年15.53 t/hm2,增幅为88.5%。其中,居民点及工矿用地单位面积碳排放最大,为95.62 t/hm2。(3)江苏全省能源消费碳足迹大于生产性土地的实际面积,由此造成的生态赤字达1351.285万hm2。(4)不同土地利用类型的碳足迹大小顺序为:居民点及工矿用地>交通用地>未利用地及特殊用地>农用地和水利用地,其中居民点及工矿用地的碳足迹高达10.89 hm2/ hm2。(5)江苏全省单位面积碳足迹也呈明显的扩大趋势,从2003年的0.938 hm2/ hm2上升到2007年的1.769 hm2/ hm2。  相似文献   

5.
The landscape fragmentation caused by road construction has many direct and indirect impacts on wildlife and ecosystems. By using the GIS and statistic software of fragmentation computation, a comprehensive index, road-induced landscape fragmentation index (RLFI), is proposed to quantify the degree of landscape fragmentation resulting from different levels of road constructions. The results show that road-induced fragmentation index in China ranges from 0.987 to 3.357, with a mean of 1.846 in 2002. The regional differences of landscape fragmentation are obvious and scoring sequence is: North China (2.65) > East China (2.62) > Central China (2.60) > South China (2.51) > Southwest China (2.34) > Northeast China (2.19) > Inner Mongolia (1.88) > Northwest China (1.67) > Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (1.65). The anisotropic analysis indicates that the variation of fragmentation index in east-west direction is larger than that in south-north direction.  相似文献   

6.
Based on the mean yearly precipitation and the total yearly evaporation data of 295 meteorological stations in China in 1951–1999, the aridity index is calculated in this paper. According to the aridity index, the climatic regions in China are classified into three types, namely, arid region, semi-arid region and humid region. Dry and wet climate boundaries in China fluctuate markedly and differentiate greatly in each region in the past 50 years. The fluctuation amplitudes are 20–400 km in Northeast China, 40–400 km in North China, 30–350 km in the eastern part of Northwest China and 40–370 km in Southwest China. Before the 1980s (including 1980), the climate tended to be dry in Northeast China and North China, to be wet in the eastern part of Northwest China and very wet in Southwest China. Since the 1990s there have been dry signs in Southwest China, the eastern part of Northwest China and North China. The climate becomes wetter in Northeast China. Semi-arid region is the transitional zone between humid and arid regions, the monsoon edge belt in China, and the susceptible region of environmental evolution. At the end of the 1960s dry and wet climate in China witnessed abrupt changes, changing wetness into dryness. Dry and wet climate boundaries show the fluctuation characteristics of the whole shifts and the opposite fluctuations of eastward, westward, southward and northward directions. The fluctuations of climatic boundaries and the dry and wet variations of climate have distinctive interdecadal features.  相似文献   

7.
王兆峰  杜瑶瑶 《地理科学》2019,39(5):797-806
以中部湖南省为研究区域,利用超效率SBM-DEA模型与Malmquist指数对2010~2016年湖南省14个市(州)碳排放效率和环境效率进行测度和空间差异分析,结果发现:从时间序列演化特征来看,除长沙市、常德市外,湖南省大部分市(州)的碳排放效率和环境效率偏低,纯技术效率的贡献较大,技术效率和规模效率发挥不足,部分地区在2010~2016年间的碳排放效率有所提高,但均低于10%的增长水平;从空间格局分布来看,湖南省14市(州)的效率水平差异显著,表现为碳排放效率由中部地区逐步向边缘地区进行转移和提升,而环境效率的波动性较大,整体呈现出“分散-集聚-分散”的趋势。五大能源区域中湘东地区的效率水平较高,其次为湘北地区,湘南地区与湘西地区表现为空间互补型区域,湘中地区的效率水平提升则相对滞后;从影响因素的分析来看,二、三产业的作用效果不显著,生态环境、工业产业集聚和对外依存度对碳排放效率具有负向作用,技术进步则表现出积极的正向影响。最后,提出结合现有的政策引导和技术水平发展,充分发挥好各地区经济规模效应,促进生产要素在区域间的快速流动,推动技术进步成为节能减排的主要驱动等建议。  相似文献   

8.
王圣云  林玉娟 《地理科学》2021,41(2):290-301
将水足迹与灰水足迹指标纳入农业生态效率指标体系,运用基于非期望产出的SBM模型和Tobit面板模型对1990—2016年中国农业生态效率空间演化特征及驱动因素进行实证分析,结论如下:① 1990—2016年,中国农业水足迹和灰水足迹明显上升;中国高农业水足迹的区域重心北移,主要由长江流域转移至黄河下游地区。中国高灰水足迹地域范围明显扩大,整体由西南向东北方向移动;② 中国农业生态效率明显降低。中国农业生态效率存在明显的区域特征。华南区的农业生态效率最高。东北区、西北及长城沿线区、青藏区和西南区的农业生态效率较低,这些区域是中国农业污染治理防控的重点区;③ 中国省域农业生态效率呈现显著的空间自相关且空间上越来越趋于集聚。中国农业生态效率的空间集聚格局较为稳定,呈空间依赖与路径锁定特征;④ 中国七大区域农业生态效率演变的驱动因素存在异质性。提出中国提高农业生态效率要因地制宜采取差异化的发展策略,为促进中国农业生态效率提升和可持续发展提供科学参考。  相似文献   

9.
基于能源消费的中国省级区域碳足迹时空演变分析   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
卢俊宇  黄贤金  陈逸  肖潇 《地理研究》2013,32(2):326-336
碳足迹作为衡量生产某一产品在其生命周期所直接或间接排放的CO2量,其能够反应人类某项活动或某种产品对生态环境的压力程度。本文采用1997-2008年全国省级区域化石能源消费数据和土地利用结构数据,构建碳足迹计算模型,测算不同时间、不同区域的碳足迹、碳生态承载力和碳赤字,并引入物理学中重心的概念,测算1997-2008年全国各省级区域碳足迹的重心,进行碳足迹重心的时空演变趋势分析,掌握区域间能源消费碳排放的差异性;同时构建能源消费碳足迹压力指数模型,计算1997-2008年各省的碳足迹压力指数,对研究区域进行生态压力强度分级,并考察各省级区域碳足迹压力指数在两个相邻时间点之间的变化强度,进行生态压力变化强度的级别划分。  相似文献   

10.
中国各省区碳足迹与碳排放空间转移   总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9  
石敏俊  王妍  张卓颖  周新 《地理学报》2012,67(10):1327-1338
减排责任的区域分解需要科学评价各地区的排放责任。碳足迹可以全面客观地评价为满足消费而进行的生产的生命周期碳排放水平, 除了生产过程的直接碳排放, 也包括生产过程中所消耗的中间产品的隐含碳排放。应用2007 年各省区投入产出模型和2002 年中国省区间投入产出模型, 定量测算了各省区的碳足迹和省区间的碳排放转移。结果显示, 各省区之间碳足迹和人均碳足迹存在显著的差异。碳足迹较大的省份为经济大省, 主要分布在北方地区;人均碳足迹较高的省份主要是北京、上海等中心城市和能源富集区域及重化工基地;中国存在着从能源富集区域和重化工基地分布区域向经济发达区域和产业结构不完整的欠发达区域的碳排放空间转移。上述结果表明, 人均碳足迹高的经济发达省份应承担较大的减排责任, 能源富集区域和重化工基地分布区域有相当一部分的碳排放是为沿海发达省份和产业结构不完整的欠发达省份提供电力、原材料等高碳产品所致, 减排责任的区域分解需要考虑碳排放空间转移的因素, 适当减轻能源富集区域和重化工基地分布区域的减排责任, 或使沿海发达省份向能源富集区域和重化工区域提供资金和技术上的扶持, 帮助这些区域提高能源利用效率, 减少碳排放。  相似文献   

11.
近50年来中国干湿气候界线的10年际波动   总被引:57,自引:5,他引:57  
利用中国北方1951~1999年降水量和年蒸发量资料,计算了干燥度指数(D)。并据此将中国划分为干旱区(D(0.20)),半干旱区(0.20-0.50)和湿润区(D(0.50)),近50a中国干湿气候波动显著,区域差异大;50a波动幅度东北区为20~400km,华北区为40~400km,西北东部为30~350km,西南区为40~370km,以80年代为界,在20世纪80年代以前(包括80年代),西南区气候具有显著变湿趋势;西北东部稍变湿;华北区和东北区具有变干趋势,且华北区变干程度比东北区严重。进入90年代。西南区和西北东部气候有变干迹象。华北区西部气候的干旱程度有所增加,华北区东部有所减弱,东北区气候进一步变湿,半干旱区是湿润区与干旱区之间的过渡区,是中国季风的边缘地带,也是环境变化的敏感区,20世纪60~70年代中国(北方)干湿气候存在一次突变,由较湿润变为干旱。50年来干湿气候界线呈现出整体移动和东西、南北相异波动的特征,当干湿气候界线同时向西或向北移动时,中国北方气候就变得相对湿润;当同时向东或向南移动时,北方气候就变得相对干旱;当干湿气候界线东西、南北相异移动时,北方气候的干旱程度就介于二者之间。  相似文献   

12.
Based on the mean yearly precipitation and the total yearly evaporation data of 295 meteorological stations in China in 1951-1999, the aridity index is calculated in this paper. According to the aridity index, the climatic regions in China are classified into three types, namely, arid region, semi-arid region and humid region. Dry and wet climate boundaries in China fluctuate markedly and differentiate greatly in each region in the past 50 years. The fluctuation amplitudes are 20-400 km in Northeast China, 40-400 km in North China, 30-350 km in the eastern part of Northwest China and 40-370 km in Southwest China. Before the 1980s (including 1980), the climate tended to be dry in Northeast China and North China, to be wet in the eastern part of Northwest China and very wet in Southwest China. Since the 1990s there have been dry signs in Southwest China, the eastern part of Northwest China and North China. The climate becomes wetter in Northeast China. Semi-arid region is the transitional zone between humid and arid regions, the monsoon edge belt in China, and the susceptible region of environmental evolution. At the end of the 1960s dry and wet climate in China witnessed abrupt changes, changing wetness into dryness. Dry and wet climate boundaries show the fluctuation characteristics of the whole shifts and the opposite fluctuations of eastward, westward, southward and northward directions. The fluctuations of climatic boundaries and the dry and wet variations of climate have distinctive interdecadal features.  相似文献   

13.
一次能源消费导致的二氧化碳排放量变化   总被引:12,自引:4,他引:8  
郭义强  郑景云  葛全胜 《地理研究》2010,29(6):1027-1036
从不同燃料和不同地区入手,分析了我国1995~2006年间一次能源消费导致的二氧化碳排放量变化情况。结果表明:1995~2006年间,我国一次能源消费导致的二氧化碳年总排放量呈现"先减少后增加"的发展态势,其拐点出现在2000年,而且2001年后各个省(区、市)的二氧化碳年排放量较前期均有大幅度的增加,总排放量由1995年的78678万t碳增长到2006年的146919万t碳,年均增长率5.84%,人均二氧化碳年排放量也由0.62t碳/人增加到1.12t碳/人;煤炭消费导致的二氧化碳排放量占全国二氧化碳年总排放量的79%~85%;我国七大区和大部分省(区、市)二氧化碳年排放量与全国总排放量有类似的发展态势,其中华北、华东地区二氧化碳排放量居全国首位,山西省的二氧化碳排放量位居全国第一。  相似文献   

14.
利用1960—2011年中国566个气象站逐日降水资料,采用标准化降水指数对近52年中国的干旱特征进行了详细分析。结果表明:近52年来,中国存在一条由东北向西南延伸的干旱趋势带,东北、内蒙古中东部、华北、西北地区东部以及西南地区东部趋于干旱,而西北地区西部的北疆地区、青海中部以及西藏中北部等地呈显著变湿趋势;华北地区干旱化主要是夏季趋于干旱引起的,东北和西南地区的干旱化主要是夏、秋季趋于干旱引起的,西北地区东部和长江中下游地区主要是春、秋季趋于干旱。东北地区20世纪70年代和2000年后轻旱以上日数较多,60年代干旱日数最少;华北地区和西北地区东部90年代最多,60—80年代旱日较少;西南地区东部2000年后干旱日数最多,60—70年代较少;长江中下游地区60年代和21世纪后干旱日数偏多,80年代较少。60年代,易旱区主要位于西北地区中、西部以及长江中下游部分地区;70年代,西北西部和东北地区是干旱的高发区;80年代,易旱区位于华北、黄淮、内蒙古中西部以及西南东部等地;90年代,易旱区转移到中部,西北地区东南部、华北、黄淮、江淮以及江汉等地是干旱的高发区;进入21世纪后,东北、内蒙古东部、西北地区东部、西南东部以及长江中下游的部分地区干旱高发。  相似文献   

15.
孙思奥  王晶  戚伟 《地理学报》2020,75(7):1346-1358
青藏高原是亚洲水塔,其水资源与水生态环境保护意义重大。从虚拟水视角,研究青藏高原与外部的水资源贸易关系和影响因素,有助于理解该地区的水资源问题、制定虚拟水贸易策略、优化区域城乡水资源配置、保障亚洲水塔功能。依托2012年中国区域间投入产出表成果,本文测算了青藏高原与中国其他区域之间的虚拟水贸易关系,建立了中国区域城镇与农村地区的虚拟水贸易网络,采用对数平均迪氏指数模型分析了青藏高原对其他区域虚拟水贸易不平衡的影响因素。结果表明,青藏高原向中国其他区域净输出虚拟水2.25亿m3,其中向西南、华北、华中、华东、华南等5个区域净输出虚拟水,从西北和东北2个区域净输入虚拟水。城乡之间虚拟水贸易联系非常紧密,农村地区生产水足迹较高,而城镇地区由于人口密度较高、消费水平较高,是虚拟水最终消费的热点区域,青藏高原农村地区的虚拟水贸易量大于城镇地区的虚拟水贸易量。青藏高原贸易输出结构以农产品为主导,虚拟水净输出12.7亿m3;青藏高原与其他区域贸易存在逆差,贸易量因素导致虚拟水净输入8.6亿m3;用水效率在青藏高原与不同区域虚拟水贸易中的正负效应不一,总体带来青藏高原虚拟水净输入1.8亿m3。未来,应重点通过灌溉节水减少农业水足迹,引导城镇居民向低水足迹生活方式转变,鼓励内地为青藏高原提供物质与技术支援,实行水资源生态补偿政策,以保护青藏高原水资源,促进区域水资源可持续利用。  相似文献   

16.
中原经济区县域碳收支空间分异及碳平衡分区   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
区域碳收支核算是当前全球气候变化与碳排放研究的核心内容之一.开展县域空间碳收支与碳平衡研究不仅有助于从理论上构建县级尺度碳效率和碳生态压力评估的方法,而且对于县域空间碳补偿及低碳发展策略的制定也具有重要的现实意义.本文采用2009 年中原经济区县域单元的各种统计数据及土地利用数据,对县域空间的碳收支状况进行了核算分析,并在碳平衡分区的基础上提出了中原经济区主体功能区优化的思路和政策建议.主要结论:① 中原经济区2009 年碳吸收和碳排放总量分别为1.3 亿t 和2.1 亿t.碳排放量基本呈现“从市辖区到周边县(市) 逐渐降低”的规律;碳吸收量的分布具有“西北低、东南高”的特点;②县域空间碳补偿率的分布具有显著的区域差异,人均GDP 越高的地区,其碳补偿率往往越低;反之,碳补偿率越高;③ 由于县域单元碳源/汇具有较大的空间差异,中原经济区县域空间的碳排放经济贡献率和碳生态容量存在明显不匹配现象;④ 基于碳平衡分析,本文将中原经济区县域空间划分为碳强度控制区、碳收支平衡区、碳汇功能区、碳总量控制区及低碳优化区等5 类区域,并在此基础上提出了中原经济区主体功能区优化的思路及低碳发展策略.  相似文献   

17.
By the Empirical Mode Decomposition method, we analyzed the observed monthly average temperature in more than 700 stations from 1951–2001 over China. Simultaneously, the temperature variability of each station is calculated by this method, and classification chart of long term trend and temperature variability distributing chart of China are obtained, supported by GIS, 1 km×1 km resolution. The results show that: in recent 50 years, the temperature has increased by more than 0.4℃/10a in most parts of northern China, while in Southwest China and the middle and lower Yangtze Valley, the increase is not significant. The areas with a negative temperature change rate are distributed sporadically in Southwest China. Meanwhile, the temperature data from 1881 to 2001 in nine study regions in China are also analyzed, indicating that in the past 100 years, the temperature has been increasing all the way in Northeast China, North China, South China, Northwest China and Xinjiang and declining in Southwest China. An inverse ‘V-shaped’ trend is also found in Central China. But in Tibet the change is less significant.  相似文献   

18.
中国不同产业空间的碳排放强度与碳足迹分析   总被引:31,自引:3,他引:28  
赵荣钦  黄贤金  钟太洋 《地理学报》2010,65(9):1048-1057
采用2007 年中国各省区不同产业各种能源消费等数据,通过构建能源消费碳排放和碳足迹模型,对各省区化石能源和农村生物质能源的碳排放量进行了估算;建立了不同产业空间与能源消费碳排放的对应关系,将产业活动空间分为农业空间、生活与工商业空间、交通产业空间、渔业与水利业空间、其他产业空间等五大类;对各省区不同产业空间碳排放强度和碳足迹进行了对比分析。主要结论如下:(1) 中国2007 年能源消费碳排放总量为1.65 GtC,其中化石能源碳排放占89%;(2) 2007 年中国产业空间碳排放强度为1.98 t/hm2,其中,生活及工商业空间、交通产业空间的碳排放强度较高,分别为55.16 t/hm2和49.65 t/hm2;(3) 2007 年中国产业空间碳足迹为522.34×106 hm2,由此造成的生态赤字为28.69×106 hm2,这说明我国的生产性土地面积不足以补偿产业空间的碳排放,补偿率约为94.5%。各地区碳足迹差异明显,不少省份甚至存在生态盈余。总体而言,从产业活动空间的角度来看,中国目前的碳赤字不大;(4) 全国产业空间单位面积碳足迹为0.63 hm2/hm2,其中生活与工商业空间的碳足迹最大,为17.5 hm2/hm2。不同产业空间单位面积碳足迹大都呈现从东到西逐渐下降的趋势。  相似文献   

19.
基于人类福祉视角的中部地区碳排放绩效与效应分解   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
碳排放绩效是当前国内外低碳经济研究的热点问题,已有研究主要针对经济发展的碳排放绩效测度展开,关注经济产出的碳排放绩效。基于人类福祉是研究碳排放绩效的新视角。首次提出碳排放绩效的概念框架及图解,据此构建了人类福祉的碳排放绩效评估模型,应用LMDI分解法建立了碳排放绩效的效应分解模型,对中部地区人类福祉的碳排放绩效及其效应进行研究发现:(1)1990年~2008年中部六省经济发展的碳排放绩效整体上先增后降;人类福祉的经济绩效与碳排放绩效整体上均呈递减趋同态势。中部地区人类福祉碳排放绩效的省际差距整体上趋向缩小;(2)1990年~2008年中部六省经济发展的碳排放绩效的总效应波动较大,驱动效应和抑制效应交替出现。经济福祉绩效效应整体递增,由抑制效应向驱动效应演进,呈现趋同趋势;(3)中部六省人类福祉的碳排放绩效主要由经济发展的碳排放绩效决定,经济发展的碳排放绩效效应是碳排放绩效总效应的决定性因素,人类福祉的碳排放绩效效应是经济发展的碳排放绩效效应和人类福祉的经济绩效效应两种效应的叠合。  相似文献   

20.
经验模态分解下中国气温变化趋势的区域特征   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
By the Empirical Mode Decomposition method, we analyzed the observed monthly average temperature in more than 700 stations from 1951-2001 over China. Simultaneously, the temperature variability of each station is calculated by this method, and classification chart of long term trend and temperature variability distributing chart of China are obtained, supported by GIS, 1 kmxl km resolution. The results show that: in recent 50 years, the temperature has increased by more than 0.4~C/10a in most parts of northern China, while in Southwest China and the middle and lower Yangtze Valley, the increase is not significant. The areas with a negative temperature change rate are distributed sporadically in Southwest China. Meanwhile, the temperature data from 1881 to 2001 in nine study regions in China are also analyzed, indicating that in the past 100 years, the temperature has been increasing all the way in Northeast China, North China, South China, Northwest China and Xinjiang and declining in Southwest China. An inverse ‘V-shaped’ trend is also found in Central China. But in Tibet the change is less significant.  相似文献   

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