共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 23 毫秒
1.
珠江三角洲世界工厂的非正规职业中介及其作用——以广东省东莞市塘厦镇为例 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
国内外现有研究认为,农民工的求职渠道非常单一,主要依赖社会关系网络。本文选取典型的珠江三角洲世界工厂所在地——广东省东莞市塘厦镇为案例,对非正规职业中介机构进行了深入调查研究。发现非正规中介机构在农民工的求职过程中发挥着重要作用,帮助农民工实现灵活、即时的就业,其存在是在我国转型期市场改革不断深入的背景下,企业/工厂的用工需求、农民工的求职需要、中介机构的逐利目的和地方政府的宽容态度共同作用的结果。非正规职业中介机构是市场动力作用下的新型农民工非正规求职渠道,是原有的社会关系网络求职渠道的延伸。研究表明,在现阶段中国城市化过程中,非正规的动力在解决农民工求职乃至城市化过程中具有重要的作用。 相似文献
2.
Livelihoods in transition: transnational gold mining operations and local change in Cajamarca, Peru 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Jeffrey Bury 《The Geographical journal》2004,170(1):78-91
This paper examines how transnational gold mining operations are transforming rural household livelihoods in the Cajamarca region of Peru. In particular, this paper evaluates how Newmont Mining Corporation's Minera Yanacocha (MYSA) mining operations are altering access to the produced, human, natural and social capital resources that households utilize to produce their livelihoods. The paper argues that while access to produced and human capital resources has increased in the past decade, albeit unevenly, access to natural and social capital resources has declined. The paper begins with a discussion of new frameworks for evaluating local livelihood change and household access to resources. Subsequently, the paper describes Peru's new transnational mining sector, livelihoods and livelihood change in the Cajamarca region. The paper then presents the results of case study field research evaluating the impacts of MYSA on household access to resources in three communities. Finally, the paper concludes with a critical discussion of livelihoods frameworks and how they can contribute to geographic studies. 相似文献
3.
以广州日本侨民为研究对象,通过进行半结构访谈、收集统计数据和资料、实地踏勘等方法,分析了广州日本侨民的空间聚集和社会隔离情况及其原因。研究发现：在全球化资本配置和地方发展响应的条件下,伴随着日企的进驻和广州城市中心的发展,日本侨民多聚集于城市中心区,形成了环市东路、天河北―天河南、五羊新城―珠江新城等三大日本侨民聚集区;由于受到日本企业的安排、日本媒体、语言和社团活动、双边关系和签证政策等外部客观因素,日本民族特性、工作思维等内部主观因素,以及跨国经济、社会活动的影响,日本侨民的社会隔离存在被动隔离和主动隔离 2 种类型,跨国活动使日本侨民构筑的跨国社会空间内部具有统一性和均衡性,对外界却存在排他性和防御性。 相似文献
4.
基于西方学界中移民产业的相关文献,系统梳理了移民产业概念的形成、发展与应用。研究发现：首先,移民产业概念在分析尺度上将宏观与微观相结合,并引入多主体分析的视角,因此其在解释跨国人口迁移在不同阶段的特征与机制方面显现出相对的灵活性;其次,移民产业概念主要被应用于解释流动性机制、跨国移民治理、跨国移民的在地化3个方面。通过对移民产业概念的渊源、发展和相关实证研究的梳理,以期为中国的移民研究提供新的视角、为移民管制及移民政策的制订提供参考与借鉴。 相似文献
5.
Ruth Lane Damian Lucas Frank Vanclay Sophie Henry Ian Coates 《The Australian geographer》2005,36(3):351-367
Emerging approaches to environmental governance require a greater level of community participation than did previous approaches in which these responsibilities largely rested with government agencies. There is consequently a need for increased engagement with NRM among a broad community sector. This paper examines initiatives by two prominent government agencies, the Murray–Darling Basin Commission (MDBC) and the National Museum of Australia (NMA), to engage school children from regional communities using education programs that focus on place and environmental health. We focus on the MDBC's International Riverhealth Conference held in Mildura in 2003 and the associated Murray–Darling Basin TalkBack Classroom sponsored by the NMA and the Parliamentary Education Office (PEO). We explore how key themes of local scale, place-based identities, youth voice and critical engagement are developed in these programs and consider how they relate to the environmental agency of children. We then reflect on the potential for the kinds of environmental agency promoted through these programs to help build the capacity of local communities to progress larger goals of environmental restoration and sustainability in the Murray–Darling Basin. The evaluation research reported here forms part of the Committing to Place research project, an Australian Research Council Linkage grant involving the University of Tasmania, the National Museum of Australia and the Murray–Darling Basin Commission. 相似文献
6.
《Urban geography》2013,34(5):700-727
Port of Spain, Trinidad offers an ideal context in which to analyze pre-retirement return migration to a Global South urban realm, expanding transnational urban research beyond the conventional focus on Global North metropolitan destinations. In this article, we draw on the transnational narratives of a selected sample of relatively youthful Trinidadians, who have spent many years abroad acquiring education and professional experience, but who have then decided to return in mid-career to the capital region of the island nation of their birth, or of their parent(s). Theoretically, we position these returning professionals as members of a "middling" transnational urban class whose return is at least partly motivated by a desire to "make a difference." Our results contribute to a growing literature that documents the role of transnational middle-class urban elites returning elsewhere in the Carribbean: "middling" transnational urbanism is reshaping key facets of urbanization in the Global South. 相似文献
7.
随着新文化地理学对流动研究的持续关注,家逐渐成为理解跨国移民日常生活实践的重要概念。本文回顾了家的地理学与跨国移民研究的文献,结果发现：首先,跨国移民家的研究开始吸收物质、情感地理学及政治经济学相关理论,文化地理学者可以结合物质、情感与权力创新“家”的理论;其次,跨国移民家的空间政治主要是基于女性、边缘化阶层以及形式上的公民权,有关男性、精英阶层、内容上的超公民权等研究不仅会成为跨国移民研究的趋势,也会为流动性背景下家的研究提供更多的视角。最后,本文提出跨国移民“家”的实践三要素（物质、情感与权力）概念框图,强调从住宅空间、城市空间与跨国空间尺度对家的实践及尺度互动机制进行探讨。 相似文献
8.
Maria Borovnik 《New Zealand geographer》2004,60(1):36-43
Seafarers are a unique occupational group who are recruited, by international agencies and work under contract on board ships of different kinds: merchant cargo and container ships; deep sea fishing vessels; and cruise ships. Seafarers “travel” either globally or regionally over varying distances. This paper seeks to find a place for the movement of seafarers in the existing theoretical context of labour migration. They undertake a particular type of circulatory or ‘transversal’ labour migration, and have established a special form of social identity. Locating them within theoretical migration and transnational concepts will contribute a new perspective. 相似文献
9.
Jaclyn Wypler 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(8):947-964
Heteropatriarchy underpins contemporary U.S. agriculture, even within the alternative sector. This paper builds on the legacies of women farmers and farmers of color creating peer networks to circumvent heteropatriarchal hurdles by investigating how lesbian, bisexual, trans, and queer (LBTQ) sustainable farmers access human resources. If and how did the farmers encounter or resist heteropatriarchy in this process? Drawing on four years of ethnographic research with 40 LBTQ Midwest sustainable farmers, I argue that resources through government agencies, neighborhood farmers, and like-minded practitioners did not necessarily align with LBTQ farmers’ sustainable practices or queer identities. LBTQ farmers convened with others at the intersections of their queerness and sustainable practices formally, informally, and through the labor market to access human resources removed from heteropatriarchal domination. I conclude that LBTQ farmer networks bolster human resources in sustainable agriculture and conservation practices. 相似文献
10.
Transnational development networks: bringing development and postcolonial approaches into dialogue 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
COLIN MCFARLANE 《The Geographical journal》2006,172(1):35-49
This paper explores some of the ways in which a dialogue between development and postcolonial scholarship might contribute to the theorizing of transnational networks in contemporary development. It does so through consideration of three inter-related themes: epistemologies, spatialities and ethico-politics. The discussion of epistemologies points to the potential benefit in reworking the analysis of the relationship between structure and agency in networks, whereas the discussion of spatialities focuses attention on the interface between the global and the local. Dialogue between development and postcolonial approaches also creates space for considering the politics and ethics of transnational development networks. In particular, this discussion prompts challenges around how to ethically research subaltern knowledge in transnational development networks, including how to trace the translation and redeployment of subaltern knowledge through networks. Consideration of these themes highlights not just overlaps and disjunctures between development and postcolonial approaches, but opportunities for further dialogue and future research on transnational development networks. To illustrate the points made in the paper, examples are drawn from Slum/Shack Dwellers International (SDI), a transnational network of civil society organizations working with urban poverty. 相似文献
11.
Gary S. Elbow 《The Professional geographer》1983,35(1):57-65
The Griffin and Ford model of Latin American internal city structure is used to examine the role of private sector institutions and public agencies as contributors to change in secondary level urban places in Guatemala. The private sector affects change primarily through locational choices in the siting of industry and housing. Public agencies influence change through control of municipal finances and decision making, especially in the construction of public works projects. The findings tend to support the Griffin and Ford model. 相似文献
12.
在全球化的冲击下, 超越或嵌入国家地理疆界范围的行动者改变着世界政治地理格局。国际组织、国际非政府组织、跨国政府组织和跨国非政府组织等跨国机构在全球地缘政治中的角色越来越重要。地理学视角的研究认为, 不同类型的跨国机构在全球尺度上创造了复杂而多样化的全球政治地理结构, 也形成具有政治特色的世界城市体系。不仅如此, 跨国机构通过地方尺度的行动, 深入城市的全球化发展过程, 成为与世界城市紧密关联的影响因子, 对城市制度和内部空间等方面的变化发挥着不可忽视的作用。对当代西方地理学中跨国机构研究进行梳理和评述, 在此基础上指出目前存在的不足, 不仅是从地理学视角对跨国机构研究进展的把握, 也希望对中国当代政治地理和城市地理中跨国机构的研究有一定的借鉴和启示意义。 相似文献
13.
新型全球化与流动性背景下知识移民研究：议题与展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过CiteSpace可视化分析和文献分析,重点评述当前国外地理学对知识移民研究的主要脉络和议题,发现：① 国外对于知识移民研究相对细化,早期主要是教育地理学对于青年知识留学生迁移的系统研究,以及经济地理学对于知识移民及知识转移与全球城市发展关系的系列研究;② 新世纪以来,社会文化地理和人口地理学者开始关注知识移民的跨国和跨地方流动,并对其过程中的身份认同与经济社会文化资本、跨地方关系网络、流动过程和特征等议题进行了探讨;③ 新型全球化尤其是全球南方国家经济崛起的背景下,知识移民与城市创新发展、以及回流移民（包括北南移民）现象越来越得到学者的重视,移民政策和移民-城市关系成为重要关注点。 相似文献
14.
Remote rural areas have encountered significant change and the need for renegotiation of economic and social priorities in the late 20th and early 21st century. In our broader research, we ask how have such communities been responding to this change? What role have different organisations and agencies played? And, how have they acted on the aspirations of marginalised communities? In this paper we examine these issues through a case study of Westland District on the west coast of Aotearoa New Zealand's South Island. We probe the general shift towards prioritising tourism in the District, and highlight particular experiences in regard to Indigenous endeavour in tourism. We find that those engaged in leading local development and tourism have not collaborated strategically across the sector and have not established meaningful partnerships with the community that recognise both economic and socio‐cultural aspirations. 相似文献
15.
运用ArcGIS软件与DPS软件,结合世界银行数据库与《非洲统计年鉴》等,分析21世纪以来非洲跨国移民空间格局及其对FDI影响,结果表明：基于目的地国、原籍国的跨国移民分别集中于北非地区与撒哈拉以南的非洲,其中前者呈现以“摩洛哥-埃及-苏丹”为中心的集聚格局,而后者先以科特迪瓦最为集中,随后逐渐被南非所取代;北非地区FDI分布最为集中且增长稳定,南非、东非、西非和中非四大分区FDI较少且随着时间的推移而日趋平衡;相比基于原籍国的跨国移民,基于目的地国的跨国移民重心与FDI重心重叠性与一致性均较高,即基于目的地国的跨国移民对FDI吸引力更强,这与灰色关联分析法得到的研究结论一致。 相似文献
16.
广州市跨国制造企业研发模式演变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
跨国资本对发展中地区创新过程的影响已获得学术界高度关注,但对跨国资本在发展中地区研发模式的演变及其影响因素的研究仍然有限。通过半结构式问卷调研与深入访谈,对广州市跨国制造企业研发模式演变及引致其模式变迁的本土因素进行研究。结果表明：跨国制造企业研发模式的演变主要表现为本地研发人员比例逐步提高,开始构建包含本地创新主体在内的多渠道技术获取网络;调整新产品发布策略,加大对核心技术的保护;增加对研发资源的投入,“独立”和“辅助”母公司技术研发的职能显化,开始将本土企业纳入创新链条等。市场规模扩张、本土企业技术能力增加导致的市场推力和珠三角日益强化的资源、环境规制是引发跨国资本研发模式演变的主体因素。 相似文献
17.
住宿业节能减碳研究进展及启示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在全球致力于积极应对气候变化的时代背景下,旅游业已成为许多国家和地区实施经济低碳转型的优势产业、先导产业和窗口产业,而住宿业则在此中发挥着重要的作用。本文从必要性、障碍因素和对策措施3个方面梳理了住宿业节能减碳的相关研究成果,并对住宿业能耗和碳排放核算的方法进行了归纳总结,在此基础上探讨了已有研究存在的不足之处,并指出进一步研究的方向。综述发现：国外相关研究已有一定基础,但住宿业能耗与碳排放的核算方法体系还有待深入探讨;国内对于住宿业节能减碳的必要性、能耗与碳排放核算等也有一些尝试研究,但总体仍相对滞后,缺乏研究的系统性和深度。后续研究应在借鉴国际相关研究经验的基础上,紧扣中国住宿业实情,通过加强对非星级住宿企业的分析以全面把握研究对象,确立能耗和碳排放核算框架、完善核算方法体系,通过分阶段、分类型、分区域核算与分析进一步拓展住宿业节能减碳的研究内容。 相似文献
18.
在技术溢出和技术互动效应理论辨析的基础上，以中国高技术制造业为例，基于分行业面板数据，在多元回归模型中引入连乘变量，从技术能力互动、研发行为互动2个方面，对与跨国企业技术互动对本土企业创新绩效的影响进行实证分析。结果显示：1）以双方技术实力为基础的技术能力互动对本土企业的创新绩效具有显著的正效应；2）研发行为互动同时促进双方研发行为的强化，对本土企业创新绩效也具有显著的正效应。3）控制变量中，产品进入国际市场能力与企业创新绩效存在显著的负相关，本土企业规模、资本强度及市场结构对企业创新绩效的影响在统计学上不显著。研究结果同时支持了跨国资本对地方企业研发行为的“控制变量，有助于丰富全球化与地方创新相互作用与机制的理解。 相似文献
19.
全球化空间是中国大城市发展新阶段的空间问题,它是城市经济、社会、生活全球化在内部空间的表现、状态和结果。全球化下跨国要素与地方制度的互动,引导城市向（国内）内生因素和（国际）外生因素深度交互作用的方向发展。为此,基于空间生产理论视角,通过实地考察、问卷调查、深度访谈、网络舆情相互结合相互佐证的方法,对广州天河北地景变化的跨国要素、制度解绑与全球化空间生产的关系进行研究,分析了国家权力、地方政府、（跨国）资本在全球化空间生产中的作用模式。研究表明：① 天河北全球化空间的跨国资本是在国家政府推动的渐进式制度变革过程中介入的,并与政府结成被管理、配合、合作的关系,是一种国家全球主义的空间生产模式;② 节事活动、跨国职业阶层赋予了天河北全球消费主义的“文化符号”,实现了空间的跨国生产;③ 天河北全球化空间经历了去地方化—跨国化—全球化—再地方化的数次重构,既是政治性空间生产过程,也是工具性空间生产过程。 相似文献
20.
基于“中国裁判文书网”获取的2008―2022年跨国拐入安徽省的拐卖妇女犯罪案例数据,综合运用空间分析等方法,分析安徽省跨国拐卖妇女犯罪的群体特征、时空分异和形成机制。结果表明：1）群体特征差异显著,其中作案人以31~50岁的青壮年男性为主,文化水平较低,且以汉族、苗族居多;被害人主要来自越南,且以介绍工作赚钱为由被拐骗为主,案发后多被遣返原籍或自愿留下;收买人主要为适婚年龄的单身男性及其父母,文化水平多为初中及以下。2）时间演变上,安徽省跨国拐卖妇女犯罪整体呈“峰”型变化趋势,经历波动低发—起伏增长—急速回落3个阶段,发生态势主要受人口政策、打拐力度、网站平台发展等因素的影响。3）空间分布上,拐出地主要为越、缅、柬、老4国和云南、广东、安徽等省份;中转省呈弧状分布,中转市“邻界”特征显著;拐入地集中在皖北和皖中,其中拐入市呈“南北平行双弧”向东辐射扩散,拐入县则呈皖北散状点型与皖南“抱团式”的差异空间格局,地理邻近选择倾向明显,且拐入县呈“单片―扩散―汇聚”的热点变化趋势;拐卖路径上,形成“越南―云南省文山州―马鞍山市含山县”和“柬埔寨―江西省景德镇市―合肥市庐江县”等主要路径,呈现“邻国拐出―边境/内陆中转―多地拐入”的“源―流―汇”路径通道。4）拐出地和拐入地之间的推拉效应为该类型犯罪的发生提供动力,促进作案人、被害人、收买人三方与拐出地、中转地、拐入地三地之间产生交互和耦合作用,促使犯罪路径的形成。 相似文献