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1.
In this response to Ananya Roy’s paper, I ask: who are the allies of feminist knowledge production about the urban? To explore this question, I specifically ask what feminist scholars may find of use in two books, namely Arrival Cities by Doug Saunders and Implosions/Explosions edited by Neil Brenner, that are representative of two major discourses on the urban, respectively, the “Urban Age” and planetary urbanization, currently favored by policy bodies and (some) academics. Their limited engagement with politics leads me to conclude with a call for a feminist mode of situated knowledge production to engage with (the limits of) urban theory and the urban as a site of praxis.  相似文献   

2.
Sue Ruddick 《Urban geography》2013,34(8):1113-1130
The anthropological machine is the discursive framework, the dispositif that grounds “Western man” in a sense of civility, secured through a violent division within and between the human and nonhuman: not the after-effect of the civilizing act but its very foundation. This paper explores Agamben’s machine at multiple sites: in its expression in everyday lives of urban citizens, and its legitimation of capitalist urbanization on broader spatial and temporal scales, its “worlding” through planetary urbanization and normalization of climate change. Complicit in capitalist urbanization and climate change, the anthropological machine has acted as a “switch point” since the 1600s. It now frames an emergent response: triage as the inevitable sacrifice of some peoples and parts of the planet to preserve others. If the urban is to become the site of mondialization, confronting the apparent inevitability of triage we must think beyond the either-or of a people or a planet. Thought in relation to the urban, the anthropological machine offers a meeting ground between urban political economy and assemblage urbanism. It enables us to situate the Anthropocene and differentiate the urban. But it also exposes a deep divide between scholars reframing the human beyond “Western man”: between those for whom the more-than-human expresses the dreams of a biophilic city and those for whom the less-than-human is increasingly its living nightmare.  相似文献   

3.
新型城镇化是中国经济社会健康、稳定、可持续发展的根本途径,也是消除中国城乡社会经 济“二元结构”的根本出路。根据新型城镇化的内涵,从人口、经济发展、生活质量、基础设施、资源 环境、城乡统筹 6 个方面,构建了包含 24 项指标的新型城镇化水平综合测度指标体系,运用熵值 法,对西部 11 个省会城市 2005—2015 年的城镇化发展水平进行综合测度。研究表明:西部省会城 市的新型城镇化发展水平存在显著差异,总体上可分为“高等水平”、“中等水平”、“低等水平”3 个 级别,基础设施建设是造成差异的主要驱动力。各城市不同年间的城镇化单项水平影响因素呈现 多元化,在今后的发展中应有所侧重,同时兼顾城镇化质量,推动城乡协调发展。  相似文献   

4.
ABSTRACT

This intervention probes the hidden, political dimensions of planetary urbanization. Drawing on political theory, it approaches its analysis through the analytic of ‘the political,’ the dimension in which antagonism performs a constitutive function in the social order. In doing so the intervention throws into relief the ways in which group-based differentiation, conflict, and exclusion establish the conditions of possibility for ongoing transformations of urban agglomeration. It then develops a case for further exploring intersections of the political and capitalist agglomeration to generate new knowledge about current mutations in urban economies of space.  相似文献   

5.
孟凯 《热带地理》2016,36(5):786-794
除了工业发展的动力之外,旅游作为一种市场动力,已被证明可以有效引导乡村城市化的实现。因此,在旅游发展的引导下,乡村城市化背后的驱动力以及各动力主体之间的作用关系亟待新的探索和突破。文章引入“国家―市场―社会”作为分析城市化驱动力的三元框架,以云台山景区内的乡村为例,通过观察、访谈等定性研究方法,认为在旅游发展所引导乡村城市化的背后,国家、市场、社会这三元动力在动力主体、作用发挥、角色扮演上和原本框架中各个动力的所指相比都已经发生了转变,主要体现在市场动力从市场供给一方转变为市场需求一方,社会动力从村民组织转变为村民个体。通过案例的实证分析,总结出了地方政府、需求市场、村民个体作为旅游发展引导下乡村城市化的三元驱动力,“地方政府―需求市场―村民个体”的分析框架也是对“国家―市场―社会”分析框架针对具体研究问题的有效修正和补充。  相似文献   

6.
Ananya Roy 《Urban geography》2016,37(6):810-823
This essay takes as its provocation a question posed by the feminist philosopher Nancy Fraser: “What’s Critical about Critical Theory?” In urban studies, this question has been usefully reframed by Neil Brenner to consider what is critical about critical urban theory. This essay discusses how the “urban” is currently being conceptualized in various worlds of urban studies and what this might mean for the urban question of the current historical conjuncture. Launched from places on the map that are forms of urban government but that have distinctive agrarian histories and rural presents, the essay foregrounds the undecidability of the urban, be it geographies of urbanization or urban politics. What is at stake is a critical urban theory attentive to historical difference as a fundamental constituting process of global political economy and deconstruction as a methodology of generalization and theorization.  相似文献   

7.
新时期我国中心城市人口城镇化特征及其空间格局   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在新一轮城镇化进程中,以人力资本为核心的创新经济逐步成为推动经济增长的动力引擎,省域中心城市作为人口聚集地的功能日益凸显。人口流动倾向影响着不同规模和行政等级城市之间的城镇体系重构,选取各个省域典型城市作为重点分析对象,通过我国城市人口最新数据统计测算,揭示出近期全国城镇化发展态势与大都市区域格局变化特征。结果发现,我国人口城镇化发展态势逐渐趋于平稳,不同地区、不同规模城市对人口的吸纳能力仍存在显著差异,各类直辖市、省会城市、副省级城市在人口集聚方面表现突出,传统港口城市、工业城市、省域副中心城市的人口吸引力逐步趋弱。其中,一级城市人口吸纳能力超强,二级城市成为人口重要集聚地,三级城市人口增速趋缓,四级城市人口吸引力平稳;可将之划分为“高/低规模”“高/低增长”四种不同组合类型。同时,城市人口的增长变化和人力资本竞争,显著影响了城市区域经济发展,特别是中西部地区省域中心城市实力日益增强,人口增长强劲,进而改变了传统东中西区域经济显著分异的格局,省会城市首位度表现出“高/低位序”“高/低集中”四种不同组合分布特征,且集中于“高位序、高集中”和“低位序、低集中”两种类型,分化格局相对明显。伴随着中国大都市的不断发育成熟,其逐步成为新时代创新经济和人口集聚的引领者。  相似文献   

8.
孙平军  罗宁 《地理科学》2021,41(6):1019-1029
运用耦合协调模型和基于主成分的多元线性回归法,对2005—2017年间中国西南经济核心区中心城市成都和重庆的城镇化结构质量及其驱动力展开对比分析。结果表明:① 重庆与成都的城镇化结构质量整体水平较高且在持续增长中;成都的城镇化结构质量明显高于重庆,这与因地形、发展阶段、城市定位而限定的重庆“主城区现代化大都市+非主城区广大农村地域”、成都现代化都市圈的空间结构组织形式密切相关;② 城镇化驱动因子呈现多元化、阶段性与差异性特征,行政力和市场力起主要作用;其次是内源力和外向力,但外向力正处在一个不断弱化的过程,反映中国城镇化发展的内生性特征;③ 基于取平均值的城镇化子系统及其系统耦合协调性分析,可有效避免当前城镇化耦合分析中因各子系统指标选取个数不等而带来的失真、不准确问题。  相似文献   

9.
中国县域市民化需求人口分布时空格局演变   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
闫东升  杨槿 《地理科学》2017,37(10):1486-1496
在提出基于流动人口定居意愿的市民化需求人口测度方法的基础上,采用第五、六次人口普查数据,并借助ESDA等分析方法,对中国县域流入人口及市民化需求人口的时空格局演变规律进行探析。结果表明:① 整体格局上,流入人口比重及市民化需求人口比重均表现为东西部高于中部,区域差异明显且具有较强的经济指向性。② 时空演变方面,2000~2010年,中国县域市民化需求人口时空格局发生显著变化,三大区域之间的差异有所扩大,且不同城市群之间也存在显著差异。  相似文献   

10.
中国城镇化发展的地理学贡献与责任使命   总被引:8,自引:4,他引:4  
城镇化是中国全面建成小康社会和实现现代化的必由之路,中国城镇化不仅决定着中国的未来,而且决定着世界城镇化的进程。近35 a来中国地理学家对中国城镇化发展做出了重要贡献,主要表现在:首次提出了城镇化的概念,推动城镇化上升为国家战略;率先将Northam提出的城镇化发展三阶段论修正为四阶段论;提出了中国城镇化发展合理进程并被《国家新型城镇化规划》采用;研制了中国新型城镇化综合区划,构建了中国新型城镇化合理格局;率先研制了城镇化发展质量定量测度方法与系统,为提升城镇化发展质量提供了技术支撑;较早发布了《中国新型城镇化发展报告》,提出了新型城镇化发展的通用模式和差异模式;首次提出了城镇化与生态环境耦合圈理论与技术图谱。中国地理学家在城镇化这一多学科研究的重大领域中经常扮演着组织者角色,并担当重任,主要是:综合分析城镇化发展面临的问题及国际经验,探索城镇化发展的驱动机制与基本规律,辨析城镇化发展的空间格局和差异模式,揭示城镇化发展与资源环境的耦合关系,模拟预警城镇化发展的多种情景与风险,选择城镇化发展质量提升的可持续之路。今后一段时间内,创新国家新型城镇化高质量发展理论,优化“一带一路”背景下中国城镇化发展的空间格局,揭示中国城镇化与生态环境交互耦合机理及规律,研制中国城镇化发展的智能决策支持系统与引导政策,是中国城镇化发展的地理学使命。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, I develop the concept of “bio-gentrification” as a way to broaden critical theoretical debates on the relationship between gentrification and “social mixing” policies. Bio-gentrification weds urban Marxist political economic insights to the neo-Foucauldian notion of biopower. The former stresses spatial tactics of removal and displacement and value generated through land and property. The latter assesses a wider terrain of spatial tactics, their relationship to knowledge produced about humans as living beings, and their alignment with capitalist urbanization. The Vancouver example illuminates how social mixing “truths” and practices to which they are tied generate value by naturalizing human insecurity in situ and transforming the biological existence of disadvantaged peoples into raw material for profit through a process that can be conceptualized as a “vulnerability bio-value chain.” Bio-gentrification refers to the tension between removal and embedding of disadvantaged peoples and points to the need for a bio-gentrification politics to confront this dynamic.  相似文献   

12.
中国人口收缩的城乡分异特征及形成机理   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
刘振  戚伟  刘盛和 《地理科学》2021,41(7):1116-1128
在县市尺度上对2000—2010年人口收缩区的城乡分异特征进行分析,划分出城增乡减型、城乡双收缩型和城减乡增型等类型,并建立人口收缩城乡分异的理论分析框架,探讨了不同类型的形成机理,主要的发现如下:① 2000—2010年,人口收缩单元占比约为38.6%,城增乡减型单元占据绝对主体,达到34.5%,而“城乡双收缩型”和“城减乡增型”单元占比均较低。② 中部地区人口收缩区城镇人口增长普遍较快,东北地区城乡双收缩的特征较为突出,而东部和西部地区存在较明显的空间分异。③ 城镇化水平和经济发展水平对人口收缩城乡分异特征的影响最为显著,城镇化水平较高而经济发展水平较低的人口收缩区越可能出现城镇人口增长缓慢甚至城乡双收缩。④ 经济发展速度、人口自然增长水平、公共服务等因素对人口收缩城乡分异特征也存在一定的影响。  相似文献   

13.
The question of how to generate maximum socio-economic benefits while at the same time minimizing input from urban land resources lies at the core of regional ecological civilization construction. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) in this study to municipal input-output data for the period between 2005 and 2014 to evaluate the urbanization efficiency of 110 cities within the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) and then further assess the spatial association characteristics of these values. The results of this study initially reveal that the urbanization efficiency of the YREB increased from 0.34 to 0.53 between 2005 and 2014, a significant growth at a cumulative rate of 54.07%. Data show that the efficiency growth rate of cities within the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been faster than that of their counterparts in the middle and lower reaches, and that there is also a great deal of additional potential for growth in urbanization efficiency across the whole area. Secondly, results show that urbanization efficiency conforms to a “bar-like” distribution across the whole area, gradually decreasing from the east to the west. This trend highlights great intra-provincial differences, but also striking inter-provincial variation within the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The total urbanization efficiency of cities within the lower reaches of the river has been the highest, followed successively by those within the middle and upper reaches. Finally, values for Moran’s I within this area remained higher than zero over the study period and have increased annually; this result indicates a positive spatial correlation between the urbanization efficiency of cities and annual increments in agglomeration level. Our use of the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) statistic has enabled us to quantify characteristics of “small agglomeration and large dispersion”. Thus, “high- high” (H-H) agglomeration areas can be seen to have spread outwards from around Zhejiang Province and the city of Shanghai, while areas characterized by “low-low” (L-L) patterns are mainly concentrated in the north of Anhui Province and in Sichuan Province. The framework and results of this research are of considerable significance to our understanding of both land use sustainability and balanced development.  相似文献   

14.
丁传标  赵永琪  陶伟 《地理科学》2017,37(9):1326-1336
基于家的地理学视角,运用空间句法的基本理论与方法,把传统村落及家空间的重构现象放置在快速城市化进程中进行思考, 既重视文化的空间分析又强调空间的文化研究。在微观空间中,揭示了快速城市化进程中家空间物质形态变迁的文化观念表征和空间形态重构过程中的社会文化逻辑。主要结论如下:快速城市化进程中,个体家庭的响应遵循着不同的空间生产逻辑。家屋空间产生了家庭现代化、从家到户、家与房子的分离3种不同的重构模式。 在家屋物质空间重构过程中,家中人与自然的关系、祭祀空间、内外关系、家庭关系、代际关系、性别关系等均发生着重构。区位和大量外来人口是珠村家屋空间重构的外在动力;村民家庭的现代化诉求和家空间的经济需求是家屋空间重构的内在因素。城市化带来的新的社会经济关系是珠村家空间重构的内在逻辑。  相似文献   

15.
Kebun culture’ is a distinctive, emergent form of rural sensibility and social-economic relations in Malaysia. As a contribution to theories of ‘planetary’ or thoroughgoing urbanization, the ethnographic evidence presented in the article illustrate a case of urban annexation of rurality, in which kebun (orchards) are detached from the social organization of rural villages and incorporated into urban-centered Malay society. Kebun, as productive land with non-rice crops, have traditionally been associated with rural kampung (village). In the late twentieth century, thoroughgoing urbanization, driven by both rural-to-urban migration and in situ urbanization of rural kampung, simultaneously produced a social disintegration of Malay kampung and increasingly urban-oriented Malay society. The kebun, which previously was an ancillary part of kampung social ecology has become dissociated from kampung and instead operates as an annex of urban-centered social lives. Kebun are also distinctively individuated rather than communal socio-economic projects. In both reserve lands and kampung areas, urban-based Malays and rural-to-urban return migrants are involved in kebun projects, through which they engage with nostalgic notions of rurality, but without the social entanglements of kampung social relations. At the same time, through kebun projects, urban Malay subjects enter into new social relations, albeit ones marked by commodification.  相似文献   

16.
2000年以来东北地区城市化空间分异的时空演变分析   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
甘静  郭付友  陈才  刘继生  李正 《地理科学》2015,35(5):565-574
以东北地区34个地级市为研究对象,以四维一体为研究视角,综合构建了东北地区城市化测度指标体系,基于时序分析、面板分析以及空间分析等方法,分4个时期对2000年以来东北地区城市化空间分异的时空演变特征进行研究,结果表明:① 投资与消费是影响东北地区城市化发展的主要因素,其城市化兼有“自上而下”与“自下而上”双重性质;② 东北地区城市化尚处于低水平阶段,属于粗放式、低效益型的城市化发展模式;③ 东北地区城市化整体分异与子系统分异特征明显,2000~2008年阶段综合城市化水平由北向南递增,2008~2012年阶段则向南递减,与人口城市化具有一致性的变化特征。而经济城市化、社会城市化、空间城市化则逐年向南递增;④ 东北地区城市化水平东中西分异与沿海内陆分异特征显著,均具有时序性特点。基于研究成果,提出自然条件的基础作用、产业结构优化升级的内部驱动、交通条件的空间导向以及政策和体制的调控约束是东北地区城市化空间分异的整体机制,而东北地区南北城市化分异程度不断缩小主要由于区域发展阶段演进周期理论。  相似文献   

17.
西藏人口发展的空间解析与可持续城镇化探讨   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
樊杰  王海 《地理科学》2005,25(4):385-392
改革开放以来,西藏的社会经济发展水平显著提高。但同时人口压力也在不断加大,农村的高自然增长率对城镇化产生一定的负效应,而流动人口成为新时期加速城镇化进程的主体力量。在分析人口增长与人口流动对城镇化作用的基础上,对西藏城镇的"职能-规模-空间"结构变动的综合特征进行了解析,认为经济职能是近年加速城镇规模扩大的重要因素,新镇的设立对城镇化贡献显著,使城镇空间分布逐渐趋于"大分散、小集中"的格局。并进一步探讨了人口发展、城镇化同资源环境、社会经济的冲突,提出可持续的城镇化是西藏人口发展和城镇化进程中需要努力实现的目标。  相似文献   

18.
中国新型城镇化高质量发展的规律性与重点方向   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8  
方创琳 《地理研究》2019,38(1):13-22
中国新型城镇化高质量发展是一种人地和谐、高效低碳、生态环保、节约创新、智慧平安的质量提升型城镇化,是高质量的城市建设、高质量的基础设施、高质量的公共服务、高质量的人居环境、高质量的城市管理和高质量的市民化的有机统一。高质量推进新型城镇化发展需要遵循城镇化发展的四阶段性规律和渐进式规律,实现新型城镇化由数量型向质量型、由“一步到位”向“分步到位”、由激进式向渐进式、由诱发“负效应”向释放“正能量”、由被动性向主动型、由“地为本”向“人为本”的战略转型。考虑到中国新型城镇化发展的地域差异显著,新型城镇化高质量发展客观上要因地制宜、因类指导,可将全国新型城镇化高质量发展区域划分为城市群地区(Ⅰ)、粮食主产区(Ⅱ)、农林牧地区(Ⅲ)、连片扶贫区(Ⅳ)、民族自治区(Ⅴ)共5大高质量发展类型区和47个亚区。未来推进中国新型城镇化高质量发展的重点路径包括:增强新型城镇化高质量发展的整体协同性,提高城市群发展质量;推动产城深度融合发展,加快实现基本公共服务均等化,提升城市发展品质与质量;推动城乡深度融合发展,在新型城镇化高质量发展中实现乡村振兴;突出因地制宜,明确不同类型地区城镇化高质量发展的主体功能;创新体制机制,全过程推进城镇化高质量发展;量力而行,以特取胜,规范建设特色小镇,夯实新型城镇化高质量发展的基石;把新型城镇化高质量发展与区域资源环境承载力及高质量保护有机结合起来。  相似文献   

19.
刘晶  何伦志 《干旱区地理》2019,42(6):1478-1485
在“一带一路”与新型城镇化两大体系融合的背景下,新疆作为丝绸之路经济带核心区,其城镇化的健康发展不仅关系着新疆社会稳定、长治久安与经济的可持续发展,同时对“一带一路”建设起到支撑作用。影响新型城镇化发展的因素众多,采用LASSO方法从可能影响新疆新型城镇化发展的经济贸易、基础设施、社会保障、政府制度、教育科技、医疗卫生、金融发展、人民生活、人口就业、民族文化、资源环境、能源消耗以及兵团建设13个方面选取64个驱动因子进行量化分析,依据模型压缩系数实现指标精简。对各因素的影响效果进行分析,从基础设施建设、兵地融合、参与“一带一路”建设、对口援疆以及水资源利用方面给出推进丝绸之路经济带核心区新型城镇化发展的对策与建议。  相似文献   

20.
中国省际教育城镇化的时空特征及影响因素   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
吴磊  焦华富  叶雷  汤鹏 《地理科学》2018,38(1):58-66
构建教育城镇化水平测度方法,利用变化弹性系数、变异系数、多元回归模型分析了1987~2014年中国省际教育城镇化的时空特征及影响因素。研究表明:教育城镇化水平稳步上升,整体呈现“快--快”的时序变化特征。教育城镇化变化弹性系数波动显著,教育城镇化提升速度整体高于人口城镇化。教育城镇化水平区域差异明显,省际教育城镇化差异度逐渐减小,省际均衡性明显提升。人口城镇化水平、城乡发展差距、城乡教育制度二元化3个主要影响因素的时空变迁及其叠加作用的变迁共同推动了中国教育城镇化时空格局演变。  相似文献   

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