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城市化对北京平均气温的影响 总被引：40，自引：2，他引：40
本文利用北京（观象台）及周围几个气象台站月平均气温资料，滑动平均后，采用主成分分析方法，再进行倾向性分析，探讨了北京城市化对气平均气温的影响，估算对北京（观象台）气温记录的影响约为０．２１℃／３３ａ推断市中心二环路以内强烈地影响。 相似文献
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灾害的年内分布规律研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
灾害的年内分布是有一定的规律可循的。月分布百分数、集中期、集中度、频发期、频发值和频发度是描述灾害年内分布的特征值。本文提出的频发期和频发值揭示了灾害年内分布的一般规律，可以为灾害预报提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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本文对我国大陆200个站的平均月降水量序列进行谐波分析.结果表明:头三个谐波已足以描写我国大陆降水的季节变化特征,其中一波尤占优势.不同降水年变类型区域及其间的过渡在一波图上表现很清楚. 相似文献
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本文用主成分分析方法,根据1949—1987年北太平洋286个格点的月平均海面温度资料,求得北太平洋海面温度的12种年变化型。讨论了前三种年变化型(占总方差的95%)的特点。分别计算了前三种年变化型对各格点的贡献率,再根据贡献率的空间分布图,将北太平洋海面温度分成八个区域,每个区域海温都有各自的统计特征。 相似文献
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THE DEPENDENCE OF THE ANNUAL TOTAL ON THE NUMBER OF RAIN‐SPELLS AND THEIR YIELD IN THE MEDITERRANEAN
Rain‐spells are a key parameter for examining the variation in rainfall amounts, especially in arid and semi‐arid areas. A rain‐spell is defined as a period of consecutive days with rainfall above a certain determined Daily Rainfall Threshold (DRT). Two different seasons or two stations may have the same average TOTAL, but different synoptic conditions are the cause for the differences in their Number of Rain‐Spells (NRS) their Rain‐Spells Yield (RSY) or both. The present study examines whether a season is drier/wetter according to its length, or whether it depends on the NRS in 41 Mediterranean stations. It analyses the relationships between dry/wet seasons and various elements of the rain‐spells. These objectives are analysed both at a basin level of the entire Mediterranean, and at a station level. The main conclusions at the basin level are that precipitation amounts are not related to the length of the seasons, and therefore, a Short or a Long season can be either Dry or Wet. The significant positive correlation between the TOTAL and the annual NRS that was found indicates that a Dry season tends to have Few rain‐spells and a Wet season tends to have Many rain‐spells. At the station level of most stations, a Dry or Wet season is caused mainly by changes in the RSY and less so by changes in the NRS. This tendency is more evident in the southern Mediterranean. Furthermore, Wet seasons are characterized by an increase in the number of Long rain‐spells (longer than three days) and mainly in the RSY of these spells. These conclusions may serve to characterize the rainfall regime under any scenario due to a climatic change. 相似文献
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