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Ecology of newly formed sea ice in the Weddell Sea,AntarcticaⅠ.chlorophyll a and nutrients 
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Ground－based measurements of column abundance of ozone and UV－B radiation over Zhongshan Station，Antarctica in the 1993＂OzoneHole＂ 下载免费PDF全文
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本文利用前人的成果及笔者1992/1993年的南极海冰观测和收集的资料以及水文观测资料数据阐述了南极海冰的特性,特别是南极海冰过程、冰穴以及冰川冰对南极水团(南极表层水、南极底层水、南极陆架水、南极中层水以及南极冰架水)的形成和变性所起的特殊作用。 南极海冰覆盖面积的年际变化,夏季最大年份是最小年份的2倍多,冬季年间变化较小,最大仅为20％;但其季节变化非常大,冬季平均覆盖面积通常是夏季的5倍。南极海冰对大气-海洋间相互作用有重大影响,特别是深海洋区中冬季的结冰和发育造成的垂向对流、夏季的融化是形成南极表层水(含南极冬季水和南极夏季表层水),进而形成南极中层水的主要原因;南极陆架区的的海冰兴衰过程是形成南极陆架水的直接原因,它与变性南极绕极深层水混合并受到冰川冰的进一步冷却作用,成为形成南极底层水的主要水团;南极冰架底部的冷却、融化和冰架以下水体的结冰作用形成的高盐对流过程产生的南极冰架水,亦是形成南极底层水的贡献者。 冰穴是70年代以来卫星观测的重大发现。对其形成和对大气、海洋的影响作用尚不完全清楚,初步的研究成果表明,冰穴中产生的热盐对流对南极水团的形成、变性、大洋深层的翻转以及海洋-大气间的热量传输和气体交换起有非常重要的作用。 相似文献
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长江口泥质区的季节性沉积效应 总被引：28，自引：1，他引：27
利用长江口泥质区及其邻近海域夏季和冬季的悬浮体、温度和盐度资料,就长江口泥质区悬浮体的季节性分布和沉积效应进行探讨。由于台湾暖流的强烈阻隔作用,夏季和冬季长江入海的泥沙基本滞留在123o15'E以西的内陆架进行搬运和沉积。长江入海沉积物供应量、台湾暖流、浙江沿岸流和长江冲淡水具有明显的季节性变化规律,致使长江口泥质区的沉积效应具有强烈的季节性,冬季沉积作用弱,夏季沉积作用强。该泥质区是长江入海沉积物的“汇聚区”,其中冬季的沉积物汇聚量显著小于夏季。长江口泥质区和济州岛西南泥质区的沉积过程变化都具有季节性,但有其各自的鲜明特色。 相似文献
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PSEUDOINVERSE DETERMINATION OF THE CIRCULATION IN PRYDZ BAY AND ITS ADJACENT OPEN OCEAN, ANTARCTICA 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 An inverse model is used to infer the circulation in Prydz Bay and its adjacent open ocean using hydrographic data obtained by the cruise of the 7th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-7), 1990/91. Barotropie components are found to be strong in the study area, esp. at the Antarctic Divergence, and from a whole view, the velocity is rather small. In the open ocean, the flow is quasizonal, but outside the bay it shows a tendency of pressing onto the shelf from surface to bottom, and a feature of intensification just east of Fram Bank. We suggest here be the most important place to detect the possibility of the Antarctic Bottom Water formation. The meridional profiles of the distribution indicate a strong (relative to the ambient) core and a slope-trapped part into the bargain. In the southeastern part of the bay, there seems to exist a strong coastal current flowing westward. The computed upwelling centers are mainly situated in the west of the study region, as agrees quite well with 相似文献
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《Basin Research》2018,30(4):671-687
The Mesozoic shelf margin in the Mahajanga Basin, northwest Madagascar, provides an example where inherited palaeobathymetry, coupled with sea‐level changes, high sediment supply and fluctuations in accommodation influenced the stacking patterns and geometry of clinoforms that accreted onto a passive rifted margin. Two‐dimensional (2D) seismic profiles are integrated with existing field data and geological maps to study the evolution of the margin. The basin contains complete records of transgression, highstand, regression and lowstand phases that took place from Jurassic to Cretaceous. Of particular interest is the Cretaceous, Albian to Turonian (ca. 113‐93 Ma), siliciclastic shelf margin that prograded above a drowned Middle Jurassic carbonate platform. The siliciclastic phase of the shelf margin advanced ca. 70 km within ca. 20 My, and contains 10 distinct clinoforms mapped along a 2D seismic reflection data set. The clinoforms show a progressive decrease in height and slope length, and a fairly constant slope gradient through time. The successive shelf edges begin with a persistent flat to slightly downward‐directed shelf‐edge trajectory that changes to an ascending trajectory at the end of clinoform progradation. The progressive decrease in clinoform height and slope length is attributed to a decrease in accommodation. The prograding margin is interpreted to have formed when siliciclastic input increased as eastern Madagascar was uplifted. This work highlights the importance of sediment supply and inherited palaeobathymetry as controls on the evolution of shelf margins and it provides a new understanding of the evolution of the Mahajanga Basin during the Mesozoic. 相似文献
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Hydrographic observations from the Weddell Sea during the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition 1976/77 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
CTD observations from the southern Weddell Sea in 1977 show that Ice Shelf Water originating under the floating Filchner Ice Shelf overflows at the sill of the Filchner Depression and can be identified on the continental slope at more than 2000m depth. Intrusions of Weddell Deep Water upon the shelf are especially noticeable in the region of dense shelf water outflow and are possibly driven by the outflow. Anomalous low core temperature of Weddell Deep Water is probably related to winter convection in the Weddell Polynya. Anomalous CTD stations at the periphery of the 1976 winter polynya region indicate that deep convection phenomena, as reported by Gordon (1978), are perhaps quite common. The observations indicate that double diffusive convection is important for vertical heat transport in the central Weddell Sea. 相似文献
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The data from the Southern Ocean observations of World Ocean Circulation Experiment(WOCE) are used for analysis and illustration of the features and spatial distributions of Circumpolar Deep Water(CDW) in the southern Indian Ocean.It is learnt from the comparison among the vertical distributions of temperature/salinity/oxygen along the 30°E,90°E and 145°E sections respectively that some different features of CDW and the fronts can be found at those longitudes,and those differences can be attributed to the zonal transoceanic flow and the merizonal movement in the Circumpolar Deep Water.In fact,the zonal transoceanic flow is the main dynamic factor for the water exchange between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean or between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean,and for the effects on the spatial distributions of the physical properties in CDW. 相似文献
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Jaume Llopart Roger Urgeles Carl Fredrik Forsberg Angelo Camerlenghi Maarten Vanneste Michele Rebesco Renata Giulia Lucchi Denise Christina Rüther Hendrik Lantzsch 《Basin Research》2019,31(3):487-513
Using a combination of geophysical and geotechnical data from Storfjorden Trough Mouth Fan off southern Svalbard, we investigate the hydrogeology of the continental margin and how this is affected by Quaternary glacial advances and retreats over the continental shelf. The geotechnical results show that plumites, deposited during the deglaciation, have high porosities, permeabilities and compressibilities with respect to glacigenic debris flows and tills. These results together with margin stratigraphic models obtained from seismic reflection data were used as input for numerical finite element models to understand focusing of interstitial fluids on glaciated continental margins. The modelled evolution of the Storfjorden TMF shows that tills formed on the shelf following the onset of glacial sedimentation (ca. 1.5 Ma) acted as aquitards and therefore played a significant role in decreasing the vertical fluid flow towards the sea floor and diverting it towards the slope. The model shows that high overpressure ratios (up to λ ca. 0.6) developed below the shelf edge and on the middle slope. A more detailed model for the last 220 kyrs accounting for ice loading during glacial maxima shows that the formation of these aquitards on the shelf focused fluid flow towards the most permeable plumite sediments on the slope. The less permeable glacigenic debris flows that were deposited during glacial maxima on the slope hinder fluid evacuation from plumites allowing high overpressure ratios (up to λ ca. 0.7) to develop in the shallowest plumite layers. These high overpressures likely persist to the Present and are a critical precondition for submarine slope failure. 相似文献
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The Permian Ecca Group of the Karoo Basin, South Africa preserves an extensive well-exposed siliciclastic basin floor, slope and shelf-edge delta succession. The Kookfontein Formation includes multiple sedimentary cycles that display clinoform geometries and are interpreted to represent the deposits of a slope to shelf succession. The succession exhibits progradational followed by aggradational stacking of deltaic cycles that is related to a change in shelf-edge trajectory, and lies within two depositional sequences. Sediment was transferred to the slope via overextension of deltas onto and over the shelf edge, resulting in failure and re-adjustment of local slope gradients. The depositional facies and architecture of the Kookfontein Formation record the change from a bypass- to accretion-dominated margin, which is interpreted to reflect a decrease in sediment transport efficiency as the slope gradient decreased, slope length increased and shelf-edge trajectory rose. During this time the delivery system changed from point-sourced basin-floor fans fed by slope channels to starved basin-floor with sand-rich slope clinoforms. This is an example of a progradational margin in which the younger slope system is interpreted to be of a different style to the older slope system that fed the underlying sand-rich basin floor fans. 相似文献
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基于2008、2010、2012和2014年我国北极科学考察期间在白令海获取的水文观测数据,结合历史共享资料,通过对白令海水团、上层海洋热含量、净热通量变化、风场及海平面气压分布情况等的分析,探讨了白令海水文结构的年际变化特征及其原因。研究发现,白令海夏季的水团包括白令海上层水团(BUW)、中层水团(BIW)、深层水团(BDW)和白令海陆架水团(BSW)。白令海温盐分布差异最大、年际变化最剧烈的情况主要集中在上层水团。对比4年水团分布情况,最明显的变化是2012年7月调查区上层海水温度偏低,2014年7月上层海水温度偏高。这种异常变化在热含量方面表现为:2012年7月调查区各个测站上的热含量异常低,而2014年7月测站上的热含量都高于平均水平。着重研究了2014年7月海温偏高的原因,认为是由于陆架和海盆区分别有两种不同的形成机制造成:陆架区累积净热通量偏高,海水吸收热量升温;海盆区在异常强大而持久的海面气压(SLP)高压系统下,海面负的风应力旋度得到加强,从而引起持续的暖平流输送及强烈的Ekman抽吸作用,最终导致了上层海水偏暖。 相似文献
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利用2011南极夏季在普里兹湾获取的海水样,检测了Chla、磷酸盐、硅酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐的含量。结果表明,普里兹湾表层海水中Chla的含量普遍具有冰架边缘>陆架区>陆坡及深海区的分布特征,海冰的消融及水体的稳定性是影响表层海水Chla分布的主要原因。Chla含量的垂直分布与光照条件相关,具有上层水体含量高,随着深度逐渐降低的分布特征。磷酸盐、硅酸盐和硝酸盐的水平及垂直分布特征都与Chla的分布格局相反。表层海水中铵盐的分布特征与磷酸盐等主要营养盐的分布格局相反,冰架边缘、陆架区铵盐的垂直分布特征与陆坡及深海区不同,在冰架边缘和陆架区有机质降解过程主导着水柱中铵盐的浓度,而浮游植物吸收作用与有机质降解过程之间的平衡控制着陆坡及深海区铵盐的垂直分布。根据Chla与营养盐的浓度及分布特征,结合温度、盐度、溶解氧等水文要素,分析探讨了Chla深层最大值现象（DCM）的成因及67.5°S以南表层海水中铵盐对硝酸盐吸收的抑制作用。 相似文献