共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 734 毫秒
1.
已有的SeaWinds散射计反演结果误差评价包括两种方法:一是与其他数据来源进行对比,如与数值气象预报产品或浮标风场数据对比;二是从风场反演结果的空间一致性进行判断.文中采用二维几何中心矩定量描述象元解空间中模糊解区域(与真解最接近的模糊解区域)的图谱特征,如图像椭圆的主轴倾角、长短轴比以及总灰度值;研究了总灰度值与风矢量反演误差的关系.结果表明,当总灰度值大于某一阈值时,风矢量反演误差将被限制在一个较小的范围之内.根据图像椭圆总灰度的这一特性,设计了一种新的基于总灰度约束特性的滤波算法.通过与浮标风矢量 相似文献
2.
SeaWinds散射计海面风场神经网络建模研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据Sea Winds散射计只有两个入射角和两种极化方式的特点,利用其L2A数据和F291海上浮标数据,针对传统建模方法的不足和限制,借助神经网络建立了一个两种极化方式下统一的神经网络地球物理模型函数。该模型的主要特点是建模风矢量全部取自海上浮标测量数据,因而所用风矢量更加客观准确。通过与Qscat-1模型的比较和L2B与浮标风速之间的偏差统计分析,证明了该神经网络模型的有效性,并发现Qscat-1模型存在一定的系统性偏差。 相似文献
3.
《地理与地理信息科学》2020,(1)
针对风场动态可视化中数据获取不够实时、风场模型构建非动态且尺度单一、粒子风运动轨迹三维场景下渲染效率不高且难于交互等问题,该文基于矢量场及WebGL技术,提出了风场矢量的Web三维动态可视化方法体系。首先研究了风场数据后端动态抓取、解析及存储技术,对解析后的数据构建初始风场模型,并结合双线性插值算法构建可视化区域内多尺度动态风矢量场,然后通过粒子风的运动轨迹动态模拟变化趋势,建立了粒子从地理坐标至屏幕画布坐标的转换模型,并对运动的粒子进行生命周期管理以提升三维场景渲染效率。基于此方法体系研发了原型系统并开展实验分析,实现了对鄱阳湖区域风场环境的客观、实时、动态模拟,对于掌握湖区及周边风场数据有重要意义。 相似文献
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5.
采用基于风条纹提取风向的方式，利用地球物理模式函数，基于Sentinel-1A数据，通过CMOD5模型反演2017年3、5、7、12月份广东省近海海域风场。将反演结果与实测数据对比，风速普遍比实测风速大，风速反演的平均绝对误差为1.98 m/s，均方根误差为2.74 m/s，相关系数为0.8。其中3、5、7月的风速较为接近，且平均绝对误差和均方根误差都＜2 m/s，而12月份平均风速＞8 m/s，实测数据与卫星过境时间不完全匹配，导致平均绝对误差和均方根误差都偏大。哨兵一（Sentinel-1A）影像反演结果整体上与实测数据相一致，验证了COMD5反演模型适用于广东省近海高分辨率海洋风场反演，可为下一步估算广东省风能资源储量提供可能。 相似文献
6.
以香港东南海域为试验区,利用2006-2009年39幅ENVISAT ASAR影像反演风速,并用QuikSCAT风场数据对反演结果进行验证。在此基础上,计算出研究区2006-2009年平均风功率密度,从空间分布的角度对风能资源进行评价;同时基于同期1 096幅QuikSCAT风场数据,绘制月平均风速时序变化图,从时间尺度上对风能资源进行评价。结果表明:1)综合使用ENVISAT ASAR影像和QuikSCAT风场数据可实现较高空间分辨率和高时间分辨率的结合;2)基于CMOD5模型的风速反演方法切实可行且精度较高;3)该海域风能资源丰富,可用于并网风力发电;4)该海域风速的季节变化规律明显,具体表现为冬、秋季风速较大,夏、春季风速较小。 相似文献
7.
本文介绍了“2007-2008国际极地年”期间在南极东部大陆边缘伊丽莎白公主地区进行的风场结构观测实验。自动气象站(Automatic Weather Station,AWS)观测数据的统计分析结果表明,夏季该地区冰盖上的近表面风场主要是由下降风控制,而沿海地区的风场则由于海陆热力学性质的差异呈现出冰盖下降风与局地海陆风交互作用的特点。个例研究表明在冰盖下降风占优时段内,伊丽莎白公主地区的近表面风场具有相当规律的日变化特征,太阳人射辐射规律的日变化是这一现象出现的根本原因。多普勒声雷达对风场垂直结构的观测表明,150 m以下的各高度水平风矢量的变化特征与近地面层风场近似一致,冰盖下降风和海陆风旺盛阶段,偏东风和偏西风的高度可达650 m之高。 相似文献
8.
多尺度空间分层聚类算法在土地利用与土地覆被研究中的应用 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
利用遥感数据,综合最大似然法监督分类、多尺度空间分层聚类的部分监督分类方法和主成分方法,分析黄河上游龙羊峡水库库区1987～1999年间土地利用土地覆盖变化.提取专题信息,不同要素采用不同方法;具体分类中,土地利用类型的一级类型耕地、水体及未利用土地类型采用主成分分析和最大似然法监督分类方法;对一级类型草地采用多尺度分层聚类算法的部分监督分类方法.结果表明,草地信息利用SSHC方法提取结果较好,与Bayes分类方法相比,精度提高4.2%,SSHC所获结果数据Kappa系数为0.84,Bayes所获结果数据Kap-pa系数为0.78.对某专题要素分类,此方法结果较优. 相似文献
9.
《地理与地理信息科学》2016,(2)
为探究SAR技术在喀斯特高原山区烟田旱情监测,选取贵州省清镇市流长乡现代烤烟农业基地单元为研究区,采用SAR目标极化分解技术反演团棵期烟田土壤水分。选取Radarsat-2全极化数据,通过Freeman-Durden极化目标分解技术,分解出3种散射机制,并从目视解译假彩色合成影像与散射功率两个角度综合分析主要散射机制,根据SAR影像散射量中的介电常数与土壤水分密切相关的原理,尝试不同的回归模型,用主要散射机制占比反演烟田土壤水分,并用线性回归检验法检验其反演精度。结果表明:此方法能够较好地反演喀斯特高原山区烟田团棵期土壤水分,体现出SAR影像信息中单次散射模拟微粗糙表面散射及反演土壤水分的优势,为喀斯特高原山区烟田旱情监测提供技术参考。 相似文献
10.
光释光(OSL)年代学模型是基于数理统计学的一类概率密度模型,它根据特定的假设条件对样品等效剂量(De)分布进行数学解释,由此估计具有不同沉积历史或者能够代表样品实际埋藏年龄的De组分。年龄模型参数估计常通过极大似然估计(MLE)算法实现,本文尝试了切片采样算法在年龄模型参数优化中的应用。切片采样属于一种马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗采样(MCMC)算法,能根据测量数据与模型的联合似然函数进行随机采样,由此获得参数的采样分布。本文编写了实现年龄模型切片采样算法的应用程序,并使用模拟及实测De数据验证了该算法估计的可靠性。相对于MLE算法,MCMC算法具有对参数初值依赖性低、误差估计更准确的特点,切片采样算法提供了实现释光年龄模型参数估计的一种新方法。 相似文献
11.
Malcolm Sambridge 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,138(2):479-494
This paper presents a new derivative-free search method for finding models of acceptable data fit in a multidimensional parameter space. It falls into the same class of method as simulated annealing and genetic algorithms, which are commonly used for global optimization problems. The objective here is to find an ensemble of models that preferentially sample the good data-fitting regions of parameter space, rather than seeking a single optimal model. (A related paper deals with the quantitative appraisal of the ensemble.)
The new search algorithm makes use of the geometrical constructs known as Voronoi cells to derive the search in parameter space. These are nearest neighbour regions defined under a suitable distance norm. The algorithm is conceptually simple, requires just two 'tuning parameters', and makes use of only the rank of a data fit criterion rather than the numerical value. In this way all difficulties associated with the scaling of a data misfit function are avoided, and any combination of data fit criteria can be used. It is also shown how Voronoi cells can be used to enhance any existing direct search algorithm, by intermittently replacing the forward modelling calculations with nearest neighbour calculations.
The new direct search algorithm is illustrated with an application to a synthetic problem involving the inversion of receiver functions for crustal seismic structure. This is known to be a non-linear problem, where linearized inversion techniques suffer from a strong dependence on the starting solution. It is shown that the new algorithm produces a sophisticated type of 'self-adaptive' search behaviour, which to our knowledge has not been demonstrated in any previous technique of this kind. 相似文献
The new search algorithm makes use of the geometrical constructs known as Voronoi cells to derive the search in parameter space. These are nearest neighbour regions defined under a suitable distance norm. The algorithm is conceptually simple, requires just two 'tuning parameters', and makes use of only the rank of a data fit criterion rather than the numerical value. In this way all difficulties associated with the scaling of a data misfit function are avoided, and any combination of data fit criteria can be used. It is also shown how Voronoi cells can be used to enhance any existing direct search algorithm, by intermittently replacing the forward modelling calculations with nearest neighbour calculations.
The new direct search algorithm is illustrated with an application to a synthetic problem involving the inversion of receiver functions for crustal seismic structure. This is known to be a non-linear problem, where linearized inversion techniques suffer from a strong dependence on the starting solution. It is shown that the new algorithm produces a sophisticated type of 'self-adaptive' search behaviour, which to our knowledge has not been demonstrated in any previous technique of this kind. 相似文献
12.
Caroline de Linage Jacques Hinderer Yves Rogister 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(3):986-994
A data space approach to magnetotelluric (MT) inversion reduces the size of the system of equations that must be solved from M × M , as required for a model space approach, to only N × N , where M is the number of model parameter and N is the number of data. This reduction makes 3-D MT inversion on a personal computer possible for modest values of M and N . However, the need to store the N × M sensitivity matrix J remains a serious limitation. Here, we consider application of conjugate gradient (CG) methods to solve the system of data space Gauss–Newton equations. With this approach J is not explicitly formed and stored, but instead the product of J with an arbitrary vector is computed by solving one forward problem. As a test of this data space conjugate gradient (DCG) algorithm, we consider the 2-D MT inverse problem. Computational efficiency is assessed and compared to the data space Occam's (DASOCC) inversion by counting the number of forward modelling calls. Experiments with synthetic data show that although DCG requires significantly less memory, it generally requires more forward problem solutions than a scheme such as DASOCC, which is based on a full computation of J . 相似文献
13.
An inversion method is presented for the reconstruction of interface geometry between two or more crustal layers from teleseismic traveltime residuals. The method is applied to 2-D models consisting of continuous interfaces separating constant-velocity layers. The forward problem of determining ray paths and traveltimes between incident wave fronts below the structure and receivers located on the Earth's surface is solved by an efficient and robust shooting method. A conjugate gradient method is employed to solve the inverse problem of minimizing a least-squares type objective function based on the difference between observed and calculated traveltimes. Teleseismic data do not accurately constrain average vertical structure, so a priori information in the form of layer velocities and average layer thicknesses is required. Synthetic tests show that the method can be used to reconstruct interface geometry accurately, even in the presence of data noise. Tests also show that, if layer velocities and initial interface positions are poorly chosen, lateral structure is still recoverable. The inversion method was applied to previously published teleseismic data recorded by an in-line array of portable seismographs that traversed the northern margin of the Musgrave Block, central Australia. The solution based on interface parametrization is consistent with models given by other studies that used the same data but different methods, most notably the standard tomographic approach that inverts for velocity rather than interface structure. 相似文献
14.
A self-adaptive automated parametrization approach is suggested for the sequential inversion of controlled-source seismic tomography and gravity data. The velocities and interfaces are parametrized by their Haar wavelet expansion coefficients. Only those coefficients that are well constrained by the data, as measured by the number of rays that cross the corresponding wavelet function support area and their angular coverage, are inverted for, others are set to zero. This approach results in a reasonable distribution of resolution throughout the model even in cases of irregular ray coverage and does overcome the trade-off between different types of model parameters. A modified sequential inversion approach is suggested to join the traveltimes and gravity anomalies inversion. An algorithm is developed that inverts for smooth velocity and density variations inside the seismic layer, the position of its bottom interface as well as for optimal values of the velocity-to-density regression coefficients. The algorithm makes use of direct (diving), reflected and head (critically refracted) wave traveltimes. The algorithm workflow is demonstrated on a synthetic data example. 相似文献
15.
We have formulated a 3-D inverse solution for the magnetotelluric (MT) problem using the non-linear conjugate gradient method. Finite difference methods are used to compute predicted data efficiently and objective functional gradients. Only six forward modelling applications per frequency are typically required to produce the model update at each iteration. This efficiency is achieved by incorporating a simple line search procedure that calls for a sufficient reduction in the objective functional, instead of an exact determination of its minimum along a given descent direction. Additional efficiencies in the scheme are sought by incorporating preconditioning to accelerate solution convergence. Even with these efficiencies, the solution's realism and complexity are still limited by the speed and memory of serial processors. To overcome this barrier, the scheme has been implemented on a parallel computing platform where tens to thousands of processors operate on the problem simultaneously. The inversion scheme is tested by inverting data produced with a forward modelling code algorithmically different from that employed in the inversion algorithm. This check provides independent verification of the scheme since the two forward modelling algorithms are prone to different types of numerical error. 相似文献
16.
植被覆盖度是监测生态系统及其功能的关键参数,如何提高大区域植被覆盖度的反演精度,对生态脆弱区环境可持续发展至关重要。本研究基于人工神经网络、支持向量回归和随机森林等机器学习方法,利用无人机、Worldview-2与Landsat 8 OLI遥感数据,对科尔沁沙地植被覆盖度进行多尺度反演。结果表明：随机森林模型比人工神经网络、支持向量回归模型表现佳,可在单元（试验区）、区域（研究区）尺度上较高精度地反演沙地的植被覆盖度,反演值与无人机实测值均在线性水平上呈显著相关（P<0.01）;在单元、区域尺度上,构建的植被覆盖度反演模型测试集R2分别为0.84、0.80,MSE分别为0.0145、0.0370,一致性指数d分别为0.9576、0.8991。利用多源遥感数据和机器学习方法,通过局部区域的高精度反演逐步实现低空间分辨率遥感影像的大区域植被覆盖度反演,不仅可有效提高沙地植被覆盖度的反演精度（R2=0.78,大于0.63）,也为区域生态环境监测与生态系统健康评价提供支持。 相似文献
17.
Numerical scheme for the inversion of acoustical impedance profile based on the Gelfand-Levitan method 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Fadil Santosa 《Geophysical Journal International》1982,70(1):229-243
Summary. An exact method for the solution of the inverse problem in plane wave propagation modelled after the Gelfand-Levitan technique is reviewed and refined. A numerical scheme for the solution of the integral equation that arises in the method is proposed. A discussion on the stability and an error analysis of the numerical approximation are presented. The applicability of the inversion algorithm is demonstrated in a numerical experiment. 相似文献