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1.
该文依据美国陆地卫星（Landsat)接收的MSS、TM资料，得到廉州湾海区表层悬沙分布的解译图，分析廉州湾及湾外海区水流流场特征，并就潮流，径流等水动力对湾内悬沙运动，滩槽冲淤的作用和影响进行了讨论。 相似文献
2.
温州海区近岸表层水体悬沙分布及运动规律的遥感分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用Landsat-5/7卫星影像资料和实测含沙量资料,建立温州海区悬沙遥感模式,对表层水体悬沙分布及泥沙运动情况进行分析。研究表明,该海区水体表层平均含沙量较高,为0.1~0.3 kg/m3,受落潮流和N-NE向风浪作用及江浙沿岸流的影响,泥沙有自北向南沿岸输移的趋势,并在距浙江沿岸30~40 km范围内有一条明显的泥沙浑浊带,其范围由北向南逐渐减少,表层水体含沙量也由北向南逐渐降低,对浙江沿岸的泥沙运动产生重要影响。 相似文献
3.
采用遥感与野外调查相结合的方法,调查2013年广西海岸互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)的分布现状,并分析其在广西海岸的扩散状况,旨在为全面了解和评价外来物种互花米草在广西海岸的入侵状况和生态作用提供基础数据。研究结果表明,12013年,广西互花米草的分布面积为602.27 hm2,以港湾划分,其在丹兜海的分布面积最大,其分布面积在铁山港湾、北海银滩至营盘镇、廉州湾、英罗港、大风江依次减小;2广西从1979年开始引种互花米草,1979~2003年互花米草的年平均扩散速率约为23.1%,2003~2008年的为15.3%,2009~2013年的约为9.1%,互花米草总体扩散速率呈现下降趋势;3近期,铁山港湾、北海东海岸(银滩至营盘镇)和廉州湾的互花米草依然在快速扩散,尤其是廉州湾的互花米草处于种群扩散的爆发期,未来几年,廉州湾很可能将会被互花米草占据;4互花米草在广西海岸的扩散总体上呈现出由东往西发展的趋势,并且有扩散进入越南的可能性。 相似文献
4.
我国沿海近岸带水域的悬沙分布特征 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本文根据实测悬沙资料,阐述了我国沿海近岸带水域的悬沙浓度由黄河口和长江口-杭州湾为中心,分别向南、北递减,高低相间,构成波状起伏的分布特征,同时分析了径流输沙、潮流、波浪、海岸类型诸要素在悬沙浓度时空变化中的不同作用. 相似文献
5.
以16种优控多环芳烃（PAHs）为研究对象，分别于2017年夏季（8月）和冬季（12月）采集广西廉州湾和三娘湾的河口和海岸带14个站位的表层海水样品，利用固相萃取、气相色谱-质谱联用仪对其进行分析，探讨其时空分布、组成和来源，并评价其生态风险。结果表明：廉州湾和三娘湾河口及海岸带水体中多环芳烃单体的平均质量浓度总体上与其溶解度和极性呈正相关关系，即以2~3环芳烃为主，4~6环芳烃检出率和质量浓度均较低。PAHs总质量浓度（∑16PAHs）在夏季河口水体（72.71 ng/L）明显高于海岸带水体（56.28 ng/L）（t检验，p＜0.01），冬季河口（106.67 ng/L）与海岸带（92.43 ng/L）差异不显著（t检验，p＞0.05）。冬季河口和海岸带PAHs质量浓度均明显高于夏季。大风江和南流江PAHs的入海通量达525.3 kg/a，夏秋季占85%以上，反映了雨季河流对海岸带具有明显的影响。南流江PAHs入海通量占2条河流总量的87%以上，对廉州湾和三娘湾的影响最大。运用同分异构体比值和主成分分析方法对海水中PAHs进行来源解析，结果表明：夏季主要为燃烧源和石油源的混合来源，冬季主要为燃烧源。与其他国家或地区相比，廉州湾和三娘湾海水中PAHs质量浓度处于较低水平。生态风险评价结果显示廉州湾和三娘湾表层海水中的PAH风险较小。 相似文献
6.
黄河入海泥沙悬移输送机制的控制试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以三维斜压动力—悬沙模型ECOMSED联合第三代海浪模型SWAN及Grant-Madsen浪流耦合底边界层模型,对黄河入海泥沙悬移扩散的时空变化过程进行了数值模拟。通过5项控制试验,初步揭示了不同动力因子对黄河入海泥沙悬移输送的贡献和影响。研究结果表明,单纯潮流作用下黄河入海悬沙不能形成长距离输送。风海流作用下,绝大部分悬沙直接沉降在黄河三角洲的附近,只有非常小的部分发生长距离输送。风场作用下,黄河入海悬沙主要向北－西北方向输送,部分输往莱州湾的悬沙继续向北输送。环流作用下,悬沙输送具有明显的三维结构,分层结构与环流结构基本一致,而深度平均的悬沙输送通量与环流结构有较大的差别。浪流联合作用下的悬沙浓度变化与底剪切应力都呈现为10天左右的变化周期,表明其变化主要是由风应力所控制。 相似文献
7.
长江口外海滨悬沙分布及扩散特征 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
长江口外海滨地区是陆海相互作用显著的区域,该区域复杂的水流等动力因素和地形条件决定了悬沙分布和扩散的特点。本文利用大量实测资料,对口外海滨地区悬沙的分布特征进行了综合分析,研究结果表明,平面分布不均,西高东低,南高北低,高低相差悬殊是长江口外水域悬沙平面分布的主要特点。枯季自西向东含沙量均匀减小,等值线分布较为稀疏。垂向涨落潮含沙量也表现出不同的分布特征,在口外的中西部水域垂向扩散系数较大,水体垂向混合程度均匀;垂向混合程度加强,水体含沙量也随之显著增加,这也造就了口外的南北两个高含沙区。 相似文献
8.
长江口水域悬沙浓度时空变化与泥沙再悬浮 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
根据近年来长江河口及其邻近水域8个测站1年的表层悬沙浓度逐日观测资料,并结合水动力状况,对悬沙浓度的时空变化进行了分析。结果发现,长江口自徐六泾以下悬沙浓度不断增高,并呈现口内夏高冬低,而口外冬高夏低,且量值为口外大于口内,杭州湾大于长江口。表明长江入海泥沙在海洋动力作用下强烈再悬浮;悬沙浓度在时间上呈现明显的大小潮周期和季节性变化。进一步分析认为,海洋动力 (风浪和潮流) 是泥沙再悬浮的主导因素,制约悬沙浓度的年内变化,其中潮流控制悬沙浓度的大小潮周期变化,风浪引起悬沙浓度的季节性变化,河流径流和海洋动力的对比制约悬沙浓度的空间分布。 相似文献
9.
北部湾北部滨海湿地水体和表层沉积物中营养元素分布与污染评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2009年4～5月,对北部湾北部滨海湿地水体和表层沉积物进行了取样调查,研究水体中营养盐和表层沉积物中碳、氮和磷元素含量、分布及其影响因素,并在此基础上评价了滨海湿地水体富营养化水平和表层沉积物的污染状况.研究区水体中的溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen,DIN)、活性磷酸盐PO43-—P和化学需氧量(CODMn)平均含量分别为(211.84±37.44) μg/L、(11.01±12.11) μg/L和(0.92±0.32) mg/L;表层沉积物中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和总有机碳(TOC)的平均含量分别为(373±355) μg/g、(232.28±157.34) μg/g和(0.45±0.46)％.北部湾北部滨海湿地水体中的DIN含量和PO43-—P含量在茅尾海和廉州湾东部西场海区都很高,且水体富营养化比较严重,大规模的海水养殖可能是造成该现象的主要原因.研究区水体中CODMn含量空间分布呈近岸高、远岸低的特征.研究区铁山港顶部、南流江口、大风江口、钦江和茅岭江口较细的表层沉积物中的TN、TP和TOC含量较高.研究区表层沉积物的TOC/TN值分布表明,钦江口、钦州港区、防城港、企沙港区和珍珠湾东北部的沉积物有机质含量受到了强烈的陆源影响.根据加拿大安大略省环境质量评价标准,除了钦州湾顶部的龙门港区、大风江口中部和铁山港顶部西北角一小部分区域的表层沉积物中的TOC、TN和TP含量分别略高于1％、550μg/g和600μg/g,已被明显污染,而处于最低级别或严重危害级别,会对部分底栖生物产生影响外,其他绝大部分区域都属安全级别,为清洁或部分已被轻微污染. 相似文献
10.
近年来长江流域入海沙量呈现阶梯性减小趋势,三峡水库蓄水后加剧了这一减小趋势,并通过传递效应影响河口悬沙浓度变化。基于长江口1950-2013年悬沙浓度数据,结果表明：① 长江口南支河段及口外海域悬沙浓度为减小趋势,且越向海域减幅越小,同时与流域入海沙量减幅差距加大;② 北支优势流变化不大,但悬沙浓度为减小趋势,主要为南支和海域大环境悬沙浓度减小所致;③ 拦门沙河段悬沙浓度的峰值区域因径流减小、潮流相对增强,2003-2012年较1984-2002年期间峰值位置向口内上溯约1/6经度,上溯距离洪季 > 年均 > 枯季;④ 1999-2009年南槽进口悬沙浓度减小,主要是再悬浮和滩槽交换引起的悬沙浓度增量小于流域和海域悬沙浓度锐减引起的减量,中段该作用相反,悬沙浓度为增加趋势;⑤ 北槽进口由于分流分沙比减小、流域和海域悬沙浓度减小及再悬浮量减小等综合影响下,1999-2012年逐年的8月份悬沙浓度呈减小趋势,中段越堤沙量作用明显高于外部坏境引起的减小量,为增加趋势。 相似文献
11.
Sources, distribution and composition of the suspended sediments, Kuwait Bay, Northern Arabian Gulf 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of suspended sediment levels and transport pathways in Kuwait's northern territorial waters are described, with special reference to Kuwait Bay. Near-surface water samples were collected from 12 stations, covering the whole of the embayment. Suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) were derived. Heavy metal concentrations, mineralogical composition and grain size constituents were derived for the suspended sediments retained on the filter papers.The distribution pattern of the suspended sediments indicates the possibility of tidal current activity, dust fallout contribution and to a lesser extent, the effect of the Shatt Al-Arab (especially in northeastern Kuwait Bay). The distribution of various types of sediments and the variations of their textural, compositional and concentrations are controlled largely by the hydrodynamic conditions, nature of sediments.The results demonstrate clearly the potential impact of the Gulf War as manifested by the increase of SSC in 1992, compared to 1989/1990. Such an input may be attributed also to drainage processes from the Iraqi marshes. More studies are required to understand the environmental impacts of the suspended matter and the associated pollutants. 相似文献
12.
海洋悬浮泥沙二元特征参数 MODIS遥感反演模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文提出了一种采用海面离水辐射率和泥沙粒径二元特征参数来反演研究海区(渤海)海洋表层悬浮泥沙浓度的新的遥感反演算法,以此为基础分别建立了基于MODIS遥感数据和泥沙粒径二元特征参数的主成分和神经网络两种泥沙浓度反演模型,并对比分析了两类模型的反演精度以及泥沙粒径因子对模型的影响。分析结果表明,新建立的二元特征参数反演算法在采用主成分模型和神经网络模型时的检验误差分别为0.256和0.244,而忽略泥沙粒径因子贡献的主成分模型和神经网络模型的检验误差分别为0.384和0.390,因此可以认为,在泥沙浓度反演模型中加入粒径因子时,模型的预测精度和模型稳定性均比只考虑浓度对反射率贡献的模型有显著改善。 相似文献
13.
发展中长时间尺度的海岸演化预测方法与机理模型,是目前国际海岸演化研究领域关注的焦点和最具挑战性课题。本文系统性地回顾了近半个世纪以来不同时间尺度海岸演化模式的研究发展历程和成果,从动力机制和时间尺度两个方面对海岸演化机理模型存在的主要建模瓶颈问题进行了系统总结。通过对渤海湾西岸近一个半世纪以来海岸演化机制的初步分析,提出了以泥沙收支、环流输送、波浪掀沙以及波气候变化等要素作为年代际尺度海岸演化主要驱动因子,基于驱动力概化与统计升尺度有机衔接的年代际尺度海岸演化机理模型的动力—统计建模方法框架新思路,为推动海岸演化动力学理论体系和中长时间尺度海岸演化预测方法创新,提供了重要科学依据和借鉴。 相似文献
14.
Based on sediment and discharge flux data for the Yellow River, realistic forcing fields and bathymetry of the Bohai Sea,
a suspended sediment transport module is driven by a wave-current coupled model to research seasonal variations and mechanisms
of suspended load transport to the Bohai Sea. It could be concluded that surface sediment concentration indicates a distinct
spatial distribution characteristic that varies seasonally in the Bohai Sea. Sediment concentration is rather high near the
Yellow River estuary, seasonal variations of which are controlled by quantity of sediment from the Yellow River, suspended
sediment concentration reaches its maximum during summer and fall. Furthermore, sediment concentration decreases rapidly in
other seas far from the Yellow River estuary and maintains a very low level in the center of the Bohai Sea, and is dominated
by seasonal variations of climatology wind field in the Bohai Sea. Only a small amount of sediments imported from the Yellow
River are delivered northwestward to the southern coast of the Bohai Bay. Majority of sediments are transported southeastward
to the Laizhou Bay, where sediments are continuously delivered into the center of the Bohai Sea in a northeastward direction,
and part of them are transported eastward alongshore through the Bohai Strait. 69% of sediments from the Yellow River are
deposited near the river delta, 31% conveyed seaward, within which, 4% exported to the northern Yellow Sea through the Bohai
Strait. Wind wave is the most essential contributor to seasonal variations of sediment concentration in the Bohai Sea, and
the contribution of tidal currents is also significant in shallow waters when wind speed is low. 相似文献
15.
Based on sediment and discharge flux data for the Yellow River, realistic forcing fields and bathymetry of the Bohai Sea, a suspended sediment transport module is driven by a wave-current coupled model to research seasonal variations and mechanisms of suspended load transport to the Bohai Sea. It could be concluded that surface sediment concentration indicates a distinct spatial distribution characteristic that varies seasonally in the Bohai Sea. Sediment concentration is rather high near the Yellow River estuary, seasonal variations of which are controlled by quantity of sediment from the Yellow River, suspended sediment concentration reaches its maximum during summer and fall. Furthermore, sediment concentration decreases rapidly in other seas far from the Yellow River estuary and maintains a very low level in the center of the Bohai Sea, and is dominated by seasonal variations of climatology wind field in the Bohai Sea. Only a small amount of sediments imported from the Yellow River are delivered northwestward to the southern coast of the Bohai Bay. Majority of sediments are transported southeastward to the Laizhou Bay, where sediments are continuously delivered into the center of the Bohai Sea in a northeastward direction, and part of them are transported eastward alongshore through the Bohai Strait. 69% of sediments from the Yellow River are deposited near the river delta, 31% conveyed seaward, within which, 4% exported to the northern Yellow Sea through the Bohai Strait. Wind wave is the most essential contributor to seasonal variations of sediment concentration in the Bohai Sea, and the contribution of tidal currents is also significant in shallow waters when wind speed is low. 相似文献
16.
A detailed analysis of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) variations over a year period is presented using the data from 8 stations in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters, together with a discussion of the hydrodynamic regimes of the estuary. Spatially, the SSC from Xuliujing downwards to Hangzhou Bay increases almost constantly, and the suspended sediment in the inner estuary shows higher concentration in summer than in winter, while in the outer estuary it shows higher concentration in winter than in summer, and the magnitude is greater in the outer estuary than in the inner estuary, greater in the Hangzhou Bay than in the Yangtze River estuary. The sediments discharged by the Yangtze River into the sea are resuspended by marine dynamics included tidal currents and wind waves. Temporally, the SSC shows a pronounced neap-spring tidal cycle and seasonal variations. Furthermore, through the analysis of dynamic mechanism, it is concluded that wave and tidal current are two predominant factors of sediment resuspension and control the distribution and changes of SSC, in which tidal currents control neap-spring tidal cycles, and wind waves control seasonal variations. The ratio between river discharge and marine dynamics controls spatial distribution of SSC. 相似文献
17.
长江口水域悬沙浓度时空变化与泥沙再悬浮 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A detailed analysis of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) variations over a year period is presented using the data from 8 stations in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent waters, together with a discussion of the hydrodynamic regimes of the estuary. Spatially, the SSC from Xuliujing downwards to Hangzhou Bay increases almost constantly, and the suspended sediment in the inner estuary shows higher concentration in summer than in winter, while in the outer estuary it shows higher concentration in winter than in summer, and the magnitude is greater in the outer estuary than in the inner estuary, greater in the Hangzhou Bay than in the Yangtze River estuary. The sediments discharged by the Yangtze River into the sea are resuspended by marine dynamics included tidal currents and wind waves. Temporally, the SSC shows a pronounced neap-spring tidal cycle and seasonal variations. Furthermore, through the analysis of dynamic mechanism, it is concluded that wave and tidal current are two predominant factors of sediment resuspension and control the distribution and changes of SSC, in which tidal currents control neap-spring tidal cycles, and wind waves control seasonal variations. The ratio between river discharge and marine dynamics controls soatial distribution of SSC. 相似文献
18.
Five diagnostic experiments with a 3D baroclinic hydrodynamic and sediment transport model ECOMSED in couple with the third generation wave model SWAN and the Grant–Madsen bottom boundary layer model driven by the monthly sediment load of the Yellow River, were conducted to separately diagnose effects of different hydrodynamic factors on transport of suspended sediment discharged from the Yellow River in the Bohai Sea. Both transport and spatio-temporal distribution of suspended sediment concentration in the Bohai Sea were numerially simulated. It could be concluded that suspended sediment discharged from the Yellow River cannot be delivered in long distance under the condition of tidal current. Almost all of sediments from the Yellow River are deposited outside the delta under the condition of wind-driven current, and only very small of them are transported faraway. On the basis of wind forcing, sediments from the Yellow River are mainly transported north-northwestward, and others which are first delivered to the Laizhou Bay are continuously moved northward. An obvious 3D structure characteristic of sediment transport is produced in the wind-driven and tide-induced residual circulation condition. Transport patterns at all layers are generally consistent with circulation structure, but there is apparent deviation between the depth-averaged sediment flux and the circulation structure. The phase of temporal variation of sediment concentration is consistent with that of the bottom shear stress, both of which are proved to have a ten-day cycle in wave and current condition. 相似文献