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1.
以西双版纳为研究区,基于生态系统服务和生态敏感性,采用热点分析法提取出生态源地,构建景观破碎化综合指数修正地物赋值的阻力系数,基于MCR模型识别出生态廊道和生态节点,构建和优化西双版纳的生态安全格局。结果表明：1）重要生态源地20个,总面积为7 709.56 km2,占西双版纳州面积的40.33%。2）与夜间灯光数据校正的阻力面相比,基于景观破碎化指数修正的景观阻力面空间分异更加显著,且在廊道空间分布、避开人类活动冲突区、网络连接度和廊道对比验证上效果较好,说明基于景观破碎化校正的阻力面在夜间灯光数据较弱的区域具有较强的适用性。3）生态廊道包括631.73 km的潜在廊道和278.59 km的关键廊道,呈现大半环和小环状相结合的空间形态;生态节点包括20个资源战略点、4个生态战略点、27个生态暂歇点和24个生态断裂点。4）在现有生态安全格局的基础上,依据现有的自然本底条件和生态格局,优化出“一带一廊四组团”的生态空间结构布局。 相似文献
2.
城市生态安全格局构建是综合协调生态保护与经济发展的重要举措,对于合理配置有限的生态资源并最大限度发挥其生态作用具有重要意义。本文以深圳市为例,在生态功能节点识别的基础上,结合景观的生态系统服务价值,根据耗费距离模型,生成生态功能耗费表面,并进行最短路径网络分析,在此基础上提取核心斑块、关键生态廊道。结果表明：各景观类型的生态阻力值,林地阻力最小,且远小于其他景观类型生态阻力值;生态功能耗费梯度表面的分布呈现围绕生态功能节点向周围辐散递减的趋势,东部地区较西部西南部建成区低;核心斑块的大小和形状均存在不同程度的差异,较大的斑块集中分布在东部地区,且对应的节点级别较高;所识别的关键廊道共有4条,空间位置大体上落在基本生态控制线内,羊台山向塘朗山的廊道外缘与基本生态控制线存在冲突,需要对该区域加以管控。建议一方面适时调整生态控制线范围并将冲突部分纳入生态控制线之内,另一方面对该地区进行必要的监管和保护,防止受到进一步破坏。 相似文献
3.
雄安新区生态安全格局识别与优化策略 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
雄安新区的设立对于调整、优化京津冀城市空间结构具有深远的历史意义。面向“生态标杆”的新区建设理念,生态安全格局识别及优化是保障雄安新区生态安全、实现可持续发展的基本空间途径。本文基于雄县、容城、安新三县生态本底特征,选取并定量评估粮食供给、产水、土壤保持、生境维持和近水游憩5种生态系统服务,识别生态源地;利用VIIRS/DNB夜间灯光数据修正基于地类赋值的基本阻力面,并运用最小累积阻力模型识别生态廊道;最后基于现状生态安全格局,探讨绿色生态宜居新城目标下的生态安全格局优化策略。研究结果表明：雄安三县生态源地占到全区土地总面积的41.88%,包含14个生态源地斑块,主要分布在白洋淀周边;生态廊道总长度107.21 km,分4大组团呈环状分布;现有生态源地辐射面积占到全区的70.6%,在雄县县城周边新建辐射面积为227 km2的生态源地可满足全区85%的源地辐射面积规模要求。本文提出的生态安全格局优化方案可为雄安新区开发建设提供空间指引。 相似文献
4.
The adoption of both Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and a system perspective is a hot issue and an area in which there is much room for improvement in ecological protection and restoration. The study takes Altay region as an example, an area located in Xinjiang, China, which is an important ecological corridor of the national key functional area and the core area of the Belt and Road but has a fragile ecological environment and needs much enhancement in ecological protection and restoration. Guided by the concept of “mountains-rivers-forests- farmlands-lakes-grasslands (MRFFLG) system is a life community”, the coupling relationship of the various MRFFLG elements, the main ecological environmental problems and the integrated countermeasures for protection and restoration in Altay region have been analyzed in this study. The study shows that Altay region has a typical meta-ecosystem of mountain, oasis, and desert, and the connections by rivers and lakes make the ecosystem links within the region much closer. The interweaving of resource-environmental-ecological issues of the aquatic ecosystem, degradation of the quality of terrestrial ecosystems such as forests, grasslands and farmlands, the increased ecosystem fragmentation and ecological risks are the major ecological environmental issues in this region. This study takes the improvement of the ecosystem health and function in Altay region as the core goal of regional ecological protection and restoration. First, we establish a zoning governance pattern from the perspective of ecosystem integrity; second, we design governance strategies for different zones with the goal of synergistic improvements in the ecosystem functions; and finally, we clarify the key engineering tasks in different zones from the perspective of ecosystem services. Ecological conservation and restoration of the MRFFLG system is a prime example of the application and development of NbS in China. This paper constructs an analytical framework for identifying regional life communities, diagnosing ecological protection and restoration of zoning problems, and proposing classified solutions for ecological protection tasks for the protection of the MRFFLG system. This research will enrich the theory and technology for the protection and restoration of MRFFLG systems, and provide guidance for the practice of ecological protection and restoration in Altay region. 相似文献
5.
银川市生态保护与高质量发展已成为黄河流域可持续发展的重要组成部分,亟需优化区域生态安全格局。以银川市为研究区,综合生态风险评价模型和最小累积阻力模型,分析了银川市景观生态风险的时空分异特征,构建了生态安全格局并提出了生态安全保护策略。结果表明：（1） 银川市景观生态风险整体呈中北部高、南部低的空间分布特征,2000、2010年和2020年的景观生态风险指数平均值分别为0.2155、0.2145和0.2130,生态风险整体呈下降趋势,生态风险等级总体由高等级向低等级转移。（2） 共识别优化银川市生态廊道22条,生态节点52个,生态廊道累计长度约511.23 km,大致呈“北西—东南”方向网状分布,北部稀疏、南部密集。6条关键廊道贯穿南北,沿贺兰山国家级自然保护区—黄河—白芨滩国家级自然保护区一带分布,形成了“三纵”的空间格局分布特征。（3） 银川市优化后的生态安全格局由819.56 km2的生态源地、22条生态廊道和52个生态节点构成,并提出了针对生态源地、廊道和节点的生态安全保护策略,以期为银川市景观生态风险评价和生态安全水平的提升提供理论参考和依据。 相似文献
6.
Regional differentiation of ecological conservation and its zonal suitability at the county level in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
China’s investments, financial incentives and deductions in terms of ecological conservation are based at the county level. Therefore, the monitoring and assessment of the effects of ecological conservation at the county level is important to provide a scientific basis for the assessment of the ecological and environmental quality at the county scale. This paper quantitatively estimated the dynamics of high-quality ecosystems and vegetation coverage over the past 15 years, and their relationships with the number of ecological conservation programs at the county level were analyzed. Then, the effects of ecological conservation measures on ecological changes at the county level and their regional suitability were assessed and discussed. The results showed that counties with a percentage of high-quality ecosystems greater than 50% were primarily distributed in northeastern China, southern subtropical China and the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and those with a percentage lower than 20% were mostly distributed in northwestern China, the southwestern karst region and the North China Plain. In recent decades, ecological conservation has focused on ecologically fragile regions; more than five ecological conservation programs have been implemented in most counties of the Three River Source Region in Qinghai Province, southeastern Tibet, western Sichuan, the Qilian Mountains, southern Xinjiang and other western regions, while only one or zero have been implemented in the eastern coastal area of China. Over the past 15 years, the proportional area of high-quality ecosystems has increased in approximately 53% of counties. The vegetation coverage of counties in the Loess Plateau, Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji), Sichuan-Guizhou-Chongqing, and Guangdong-Guangxi provincial-level areas has increased significantly. However, it decreased in northern Xinjiang, central Tibet, central and eastern Inner Mongolia, the Yangtze River Delta and other regions. The relationships between the numbers of ecological conservation programs and the indicators of ecosystem restoration response, such as high-quality ecosystem and vegetation coverage, do not show positive correlations. These results suggest that ecological conservation programs should be planned and implemented according to the distribution patterns of high-quality ecosystems and that restoration measures such as afforestation should follow natural principles and regional differentiation under the background of climate change. 相似文献
7.
鉴于中国对生态保护的投入与奖惩皆以县域为基本单元,需要开展县域尺度生态保护效果的监测评估,以期为县域生态环境质量考核提供科学依据。本文定量分析了近15年县域尺度优良生态系统面积及植被覆盖度变化,及其与生态保护项目数量的关系,进而评估生态保护措施在县域生态变化中的效果,并评价工程措施的地域适宜性。结果表明：① 中国东北地区、南方亚热带区、青藏高原东南部的县域优良生态系统面积占比多高于50%,西北地区、西南喀斯特区、华北平原等县域优良生态系统占比多低于20%。② 近几十年,生态保护重点是生态脆弱区,青海三江源、藏东南、川西、祁连山、新疆南部等西部地区的县域生态保护项目数量多大于5个,东部沿海地区则少于或等于1个。③ 2000-2015年,中国53%县域的优良生态系统面积占比提高,黄土高原、黄淮海平原、京津冀、川黔渝、两广等地区的县域植被覆盖度明显上升,而新疆北部、西藏中部、内蒙古中东部等干旱半干旱区、长三角等区域植被覆盖度下降。④ 生态保护项目数量与优良生态系统、植被覆盖度变化等反映生态状况改善的指标并未呈现正相关关系,生态保护应遵循优良生态系统分布格局,气候变化背景下造林等工程措施应遵循自然规律与地带性差异。 相似文献
8.
山地区域土地生态红线划定方法与实证研究——以重庆市涪陵区义和镇为例 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
无序和不合理的土地利用是引发生态问题的重要因素。合理划定土地生态红线,可协调土地利用和生态环境的关系,促进土地资源的合理配置,保障区域生态安全。山地区域地势起伏较大,水系密布,土地利用破碎化,作为重要的水土保持和水源涵养区域,是进行生态恢复和重建的关键地区。本文以山地区域村镇为例,运用GIS平台,基于生态敏感性和生态服务价值,对土地生态进行综合评价,据此划定刚性和弹性的土地生态红线。生态敏感性评价的指标包括坡度、植被覆盖度、水体、土壤类型和降水侵蚀力等5个指标;生态服务价值评价的指标包括食物生产、原料生产、气体调节、气候调节、水文调节、土壤保持、维持养分循环、生物多样性和美学景观9个指标。义和镇的刚性生态红线内所包含的刚性生态保护区面积为43.90 km2,占义和镇总面积的44.34%。弹性生态红线包含的弹性生态保护区面积为29.18 km2,占义和镇总面积的29.47%。义和镇的生态红线范围主要包含东北部山地区域和南部水系丰富地区,该区域的生态敏感性较高,同时也有较高的生态服务价值,因此生态红线的划定对于生态修复和生态保护具有指引作用,为生态系统健康发展提供基础保障,并可为构建生态文明安全格局提供科学支持。 相似文献
9.
京杭大运河的完全价值观 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从理论和现实背景出发, 提出对京杭大运河价值的初步认识: 京杭大运河具有四大基本价值: (1) 作为文化 遗产的价值, 起到彰显民族身份和促进文化认同的作用; (2) 作为区域城乡生产与生活的重要保障, 具有输水、航运 和灌溉等现实功能的价值; (3) 作为区域生态基础设施的价值, 是保障国土生态安全的关键性格局; (4) 运河还具有 作为潜在的休闲通道的价值, 是国民身心再生和教育的战略性资源。强调只有用完全的价值观充分认识运河廊道, 并处理好现实的功能需要与这些价值间的相互关系, 才能保护和利用好运河遗产及其相关资源, 使之在当代发挥 应有的作用。在此基础上提出以建设遗产廊道的方式、结合南水北调和东部生态安全格局及中国南北生态休闲廊 道的建设, 将保护与利用京杭大运河作为国家战略。当务之急是: (1) 应用“反规划”理念进行运河的整体保护规划; (2) 展开资源摸底, 全面掌握大运河遗产廊道资源情况; (3) 制定整体性的管理和发展战略; (4) 以申报世界遗产南 水北调工程为契机, 建立大运河区域间协作机制。任何单一的价值观(如从单一的输水功能考虑) 和单一的工程措 施, 都将给中国大地上这一独特的文化景观和与之相联系的历史文化、生态及社会经济系统带来不可挽回的遗憾。 相似文献
10.
城市生态安全格局构建与评价研究:以苏州市区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
集成生态系统服务量化、生态安全格局构建与生态安全评估等多种方法,构建并评估了苏州市区的生态安全格局。结果显示：① 2017年苏州市区食物供给、淡水供给、空气净化、涵养水源、碳汇服务、旅游休闲、土壤保持和生境质量等服务分别为32795.94元/hm2、686.6 mm、283.68元/hm2、28.62 mm、86.99 t/hm2、3736.75元/hm2、174.8 t/hm2和0.47。② 识别出太湖、东山、西山、穹窿山、大阳山-天池山、旺山-上方山、阳澄湖、长漾湖和太浦河等9个重要生态源地。③ 提取出生态廊道36条,生态节点32个,建议100~200 m和60~100 m分别为苏州市区重要生态廊道和一般生态廊道的宽度。④ 苏州市区整体生态网络闭合度较低,生态网络连接水平较复杂,生态节点连接性较低,生态网络成本较高,应优先建设重要性高的生态廊道,加强大面积水域、湿地之间的生态廊道建设,提升水域与周边山地丘陵的连通性。通过此研究以期为探索生态系统服务应用价值、落实长三角一体化发展战略、助力生态文明建设等提供有益借鉴。 相似文献
11.
基于“致灾因子—孕灾环境—承灾体”3个维度,利用空间主成分分析法（SPCA）开展新疆南部地区风沙扩散风险评价,然后借助最小累积阻力模型（MCR）优化关键景观格局组分,构建多层次生态网络。结果表明：① 区域致灾因子危险性较高,孕灾环境较为脆弱;和静县、阿合奇县生态本底较好,而盆地及其南部各县易于风沙扩散,尤其是和田地区、且末县及若羌县;绿洲人口和农业生产高度聚集,易损性较大。② 46.53%的区域沙源丰富,立地条件差,风沙扩散风险较高。区域下垫面植被覆盖度和土壤类型是影响风沙扩散的最主要因素,风场强度是区域沙源扩散的主要诱因。③ 基于MCR模型,构建20条生态廊道连通生态源地,包括5条河流型、9条道路型和6条绿带型廊道;其中,1号和4号廊道纵贯塔克拉玛干沙漠,其余廊道沿塔里木盆地外缘呈圆环形分布;同时,判别出30个生态节点,包括A类生态节点7个,B类生态节点23个,主要分布在和田地区和巴州,可以通过建设防护林带、提高地表植被覆盖等措施降低风沙扩散风险。研究结果为中国北方干旱、半干旱地区风沙扩散风险防控与景观格局优化提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
12.
以广东省自然保护区作为生态源地,利用最小累积阻力模型,分析潜在生态廊道,通过增加河流与高速公路廊道形成综合生态网络（CEN）,并利用α指数、β指数、γ指数和成本比对CEN进行评价,结果显示：由潜在生态廊道构成的基础生态网络（BEN）,α、β、γ指数分别为0.54、2.02和0.70,说明其能使广东省自然保护区结构复杂化并形成有效链路;将河流廊道加入BEN形成河流生态网络,其结构更加完善,但因河流本身是两岸基质连通阻力较大的因素,其α、β、γ指数均比基础生态网络有所降低,分别只有0.33、1.64和0.55;由自然保护区、潜在生态廊道、河流廊道、道路廊道、生态节点组成的综合生态网络,α、β、γ指数分别达到0.68、2.34和0.79,说明道路生态廊道的加入,可以弥补河流生态网络的弱点,使网络形成良好回路,对生态网络的稳定性有重要作用。在当前国土空间生态修复的背景下,建议建设、修复生态廊道47条、生态节点52个,以改善自然保护区孤岛化,促进自然保护区之间的物种交流,提升生态系统服务功能,可为广东省的生态修复、生态安全格局构建提供核心框架。 相似文献
13.
China's investments, financial incentives and deductions in terms of ecological conservation are based at the county level. Therefore, the monitoring and assessment of the effects of ecological conservation at the county level is important to provide a scientific basis for the assessment of the ecological and environmental quality at the county scale. This paper quantitatively estimated the dynamics of high-quality ecosystems and vegetation coverage over the past 15 years, and their relationships with the number of ecological conservation programs at the county level were analyzed. Then, the effects of ecological conservation measures on ecological changes at the county level and their regional suitability were assessed and discussed. The results showed that counties with a percentage of high-quality ecosystems greater than 50% were primarily distributed in northeastern China, southern subtropical China and the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and those with a percentage lower than 20% were mostly distributed in northwestern China, the southwestern karst region and the North China Plain. In recent decades, ecological conservation has focused on ecologically fragile regions; more than five ecological conservation programs have been implemented in most counties of the Three River Source Region in Qinghai Province, southeastern Tibet, western Sichuan, the Qilian Mountains, southern Xinjiang and other western regions, while only one or zero have been implemented in the eastern coastal area of China. Over the past 15 years, the proportional area of high-quality ecosystems has increased in approximately 53% of counties. The vegetation coverage of counties in the Loess Plateau, Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(Jing-Jin-Ji), Sichuan-Guizhou-Chongqing, and Guangdong-Guangxi provincial-level areas has increased significantly. However, it decreased in northern Xinjiang, central Tibet, central and eastern Inner Mongolia, the Yangtze River Delta and other regions. The relationships between the numbers of ecological conservation programs and the indicators of ecosystem restoration response, such as high-quality ecosystem and vegetation coverage, do not show positive correlations. These results suggest that ecological conservation programs should be planned and implemented according to the distribution patterns of high-quality ecosystems and that restoration measures such as afforestation should follow natural principles and regional differentiation under the background of climate change. 相似文献
14.
基于综合指标法的中国生态系统服务保护有效性评价研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将生态系统服务保护纳入到传统的以保护区为基础的自然保护之中是生态保护研究的新领域。利用综合指标方法,分析了中国从2000-2010年的4种生态系统服务时空变化特征;并对中国的七大生态保护和恢复区域的服务空间保护成效进行评价,提出了国家尺度上的生态系统服务保护优先性分级。主要结论为：① 中国的生态系统服务自西北向东南逐渐增加,显著增加区主要分布在黄土高原地区,显著减少区主要分布在东北及华北地区。黄土高原的生态系统服务提高主要是农田向草地和林地、草地向林地的转换引的;华北地区的降低主要是耕地的减少以及人工用地的增加引起的;东北地区是由于林地向耕地草地、耕地向湿地与人工用地的转换引起的。② 七大生态保护和恢复区的生态系统服务均为增加趋势而且显著增加面积大于减少面积;显著增加面积最大的为三北防护林工程区、最小的为重点生态功能区;显著减少最大为重要生态功能区、最小的为三北防护林工程区。而且,对服务的保护成效在重要生态功能区最高,其次为天然林保护工程区,其余区域均小于全国平均水平。③ 提出的生态系统服务保护优先性等级中,极高级别占到了国土面积的26.18%,保护的生态系统服务量占到全国总量的64.19%,保护成效为全国平均水平的2.47倍。 相似文献
15.
The Irtysh River Basin refers to a water conservation area and a vital ecological barrier in Xinjiang and also partially in Central Asia. Here, the technical solution for the ecological protection and the restoration of the Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-Lakes-Grasslands system (MRFFLGs) pilot project in the Irtysh River Basin is refined, by complying with the core concept, i.e., “mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life”. The solution stresses the specific characteristics of ecologically protecting and restoring MRFFLGs in the Irtysh River Basin, which aim to reduce ecological water use, soil erosion, forest and grassland degradation, the ecological destruction of mines, water environment pollution and other issues. With overall protection, system restoration, district policy, and problem orientation as the overarching ideas, 162 sub-items of 44 major items with seven categories have been designed and implemented in the project. In addition, some highlights of the management experience that are worth promoting when the pilot project is being implemented are also summarized (e.g., the use of laws to solve historical problems, scientific argumentation and third-party evaluation, proactive guidance for the engagement of people, modern information technology support, and integration with local sustainable development). Lastly, four policy suggestions are proposed: (1) Building a model of systematic protection and restoration by using basins as the basic geographic unit; (2) Establishing and optimizing key weak links of systems and mechanisms; (3) Focusing on remedying the shortcomings of regional talents, technology and capital; and (4) Promoting the MRFFLGs project to integrate “industry, city, people, and tourism” for carrying out a large-scale system project. 相似文献
16.
Numerous airports have been constructed based on the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Civil Aviation Development of China. We collected relevant data on the number and distribution of civil airports, the construction of which had started or that had been assessed and approved. Based on a comparative analysis of the limits of ecological restoration in different ecologically vulnerable areas from the perspective of space, as well as an examination of ecological sensitivity factors in the ecosystems surrounding airport construction projects, suggestions concerning key ecological control techniques to be employed in airport construction projects in different ecologically vulnerable areas are put forward. The results showed that the airport construction projects recently approved by the Ministry of Water Resources and the Environmental Protection Agency are mainly distributed in the ecologically vulnerable areas of the Red Soil Hilly Area in southern China, the Karst Rocky Desertification Area in southwest China, the Agro-pastoral Ecotone in the southwestern mountain region, and the Desert-Oasis Connecting Belt in northwest China. The airport construction projects in the southwest mountain area, the hilly areas of southern China, and in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are mainly based on the ecological technologies of slope protection, interception and drainage management, and vegetation restoration, respectively. In the arid and semi-arid areas, the ecological control technology employed in airport construction is mainly the rational utilization of water resources and reduction or mitigation of the effects of sandstorms. This study aims to serve as basis for soil and water conservation plans in airport construction projects and accelerate ecosystem restoration within the vicinity of airport construction sites. 相似文献
17.
国土空间规划中生态空间和生态保护红线的划定 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
省级空间规划是为实现“多规合一”而开展的基础性制度尝试,其核心内容划定“三区三线”是通过科学分析自然与社会本底,对各类空间边界进行严格勘定,作为管控国土空间的抓手。生态空间和生态保护红线是“三区三线”中“生态先行”理念的载体。以《生态保护红线划定技术指南》为基础,对福建省开展基于资源环境承载能力评价和国土空间开发适宜性评价要求的陆上全域生态保护等级和保护优先序评价,探讨和实践省级空间规划中生态空间和生态保护红线的划分方法,以期为沿海多山省份的空间规划提供参考。结果显示：福建省生态空间陆域占比为78.76%,涵盖了88.07%的森林、71.23%的草地、64.44%的水域和47.72%的裸地;生态保护红线陆域占比为20.90%,以生物多样性维护红线、水源地保护及水源涵养红线为主。 相似文献
18.
县域生态安全格局构建对于保障我国生态安全、优化县域生态空间格局具有重要意义。基于内蒙古呼伦贝尔市阿荣旗生态系统服务功能重要性评价结果,利用景观形态空间格局分析 （MSPA）模型识别生态核心区作为生态源地,基于生态阻力因子与生态威胁因子构建阻力栅格,运用电路理论识别生态廊道、夹点以及改善区,构建阿荣旗综合生态安全格局。结果表明：（1） 阿荣旗生态极重要区面积4181.66 km2,占全旗面积的37.80%,生态重要区面积2174.50 km2,占全旗面积的19.80%,阿荣旗整体生态系统服务功能重要性较高。（2） 生态源地共有33块,占地面积1141.00 km2,主要分布于旗域北部区域,其中乔木林地是生态源地主要用地类型。（3） 构建生态廊道共73条,其中关键廊道62条,潜在廊道11条,总面积为1884.80 km2,生态廊道网络化结构完整,呈“北密南疏”分布状态。（4） 共识别夹点区面积71.25 km2,提取重要夹点38个,一级改善区面积176.65 km2,主要分布于旗域南部;二级改善区面积887.12 km2,主要分布于旗域南部与西北部。对各景观生态要素进行总体规划,宏观上形成“一屏两区,一网多点”的生态安全格局,为国土空间格局优化提供了现实路径和科学指引。 相似文献
19.
从“水－能源－粮食”3个维度对粤港澳大湾区的生态系统服务进行评价,利用珞珈一号夜光数据修正生态阻力面,运用最小累积阻力模型构建并优化湾区的生态安全格局。结果表明：1）粤港澳大湾区生态源地总面积为9 626.1 km2,主要分布在研究区东部和西部的山地、丘陵地区,对应位于江门市、惠州市中部和肇庆市;2）生态廊道共计38条,总长度为2 023.09 km,其中最短为11.76 km,最长为304.99 km,集中于植被覆盖较好的山地丘陵地区,中部无廊道分布;3）生态源地辐射区面积为28 929.5 km2,达到湾区总面积的51.88%,若要实现60%的覆盖率,则需要至少新增生态源地辐射面积4 524.856 km2;4）为了更好地优化粤港澳大湾区生态安全格局,提出在惠州市北部和南部新增两处生态源地辐射区,并构建以“一带、一轴、四组团”为核心的生态安全格局优化模式。 相似文献
20.
Land use change and its eco-environmental responses are foci in geographical research. As a region with uneven economic development, land use change and eco-environmental responses across Jiangsu Province are relevant to China’s overall development pattern. The external function of regional land use changes during different stages of economic development. In this study, we proposed a novel classification system based on the dominant function of land use according to “production-ecology-life”, and then analyzed land use change and regional eco-environmental responses from a functional perspective of regional development. The results showed that from 1985 to 2008, land use change features in Jiangsu were that productive land area decreased and ecological and living land areas increased. Land use changes in southern Jiangsu were the most dramatic. In southern and central parts of Jiangsu the agricultural production function weakened and urban life service function strengthened; in northern Jiangsu, the mining production function’s comparative advantage highlighted that the rural life service function was weakening. Ecological environmental quality decreased slightly in Jiangsu and its three regions. The maximum contribution rate to ecological environmental change occurred in southern Jiangsu and the minimum rate was located in the north. Eco-environmental quality deteriorated in southern and central Jiangsu, related to expanding construction land in urban and rural areas. Ecological environmental quality deterioration in northern Jiangsu is probably due to land development and consolidation. The main reason for improvements in regional ecological environments is that agricultural production land was converted to water ecological land across Jiangsu. 相似文献