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1.
碳酸铷、硼酸化学计量比混合,蒸发溶液,直至五硼酸铷RbB5O8·4H2O晶体析出。经粉末X射线衍射（XRD）、拉曼光谱（Raman spectroscopy）、热重/微商热重/差示扫描量热（TG/DTG/DSC）、原子吸收光谱等实验方法,确定其化学组成及结构。298.15、333.15K时测量溶液的物理化学性质（密度、电导、pH）,并与经验方程进行拟合,研究五硼酸铷溶液的物化性质随浓度、温度的变化规律。根据文献报道的平衡常数,实验测量的pH数据,采用牛顿迭代法进一步研究五硼酸铷溶液中主要存在的硼酸根离子对类型、含量以及物种的形成。 相似文献
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采用物种分布图和核磁共振实验研究了五硼酸钾溶液中含硼物种的类型、含量和溶液浓度间关系。研究表明五硼酸钾在稀溶液中几乎全部水解为B(OH)3和B(OH)4-;在较浓溶液中主要物种为B3O3(OH)4-和B(OH)3,而B5O6(OH)4-和[B4O5(OH)42-]的含量较小。核磁共振实验研究给出了B(OH)4-, B3O3(OH)4-和B5O6(OH)4-的生成常数K1, K3, K5,研究得出B5O6(OH)4-含量很少的原因是其解聚为其它类型硼酸根离子。外加离子促进五硼酸根离子的生成,而高温条件促进B5O6(OH)4-发生解聚反应。 相似文献
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利用牛顿迭代方法计算给出硼酸钾溶液中硼酸根离子的物种分布图。研究给出溶液中硼酸根离子的类型、含量以及各硼酸根离子间相互转化方程式,并简单谈论了温度和浓度对硼酸根离子类型和含量的影响。在五硼酸钾溶液中主要硼酸根离子物种为B3O3(OH)4-,B4O5(OH)42-和B(OH)3,而B5O6(OH)4-含量非常低,可以忽略不计;偏硼酸钾溶液中主要离子为B(OH)4-;在高浓四硼酸钾溶液中主要物种为B3O3(OH)4-,B4O5(OH)42-和B(OH)4-。最后用Otakar和Casteel-Amis经验方程式分别研究了硼酸钾溶液的密度和电导率。 相似文献
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由摩尔比为1∶2的Cs2CO3和H3BO3反应得到四硼酸铯样品,用FT-IR和Raman等方法对其溶液结构进行表征并分析其中的阴离子类型。同时测定了四硼酸铯溶液在298.15 K和333.15 K下的密度、电导及p H,通过298.15 K下的pH测量值和相关硼酸盐平衡常数,计算298.15 K下四硼酸铯溶液的化学物种分布,并对其相互转换反应进行推测。研究表明,298.15 K下四硼酸铯溶液中存在的主要物种有B(OH)4-、B(OH)3、B3O3(OH)4-、B3O3(OH)52-和B4O5(OH)42-,与Raman光谱所得结果基本一致。 相似文献
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不同溶液体系中硼的赋存形态及其化学分布规律一直以来是研究者关注的重点,它对深入开展硼酸盐溶液结构化学、过饱和非平衡态以及硼酸盐矿物沉积机制等研究具有重要的指导意义。针对目前拉曼光谱仪对溶液中硼氧配阴离子官能团响应信号弱、灵敏度低,不利于定量化视角阐述硼氧配阴离子间的作用机理等问题,研究了拉曼积分球光谱仪对硼酸溶液的定量分析方法,运用 DOE部分因子实验设计,阐述了 NaCl、MgCl2、KCl和 MgSO4等共存盐类之间的交互作用对 B(OH)3拉曼定量分析的影响规律,建立了盐水溶液中 B(OH)3的 Raman回归模型。结果表明,拉曼积分球光谱仪可显著增大硼酸溶液的拉曼光谱强度,提高信噪比,检出限为常规拉曼光谱的 70倍,在 0～6g·L-1硼酸线性范围内相关系数为 0.9991,测定相对误差为 -2.5%;盐水溶液中 B(OH)3含量经回归方程校正后相对误差绝对值小于 3%,可用于低浓度硼酸的准确定量分析,也为定量化探究盐卤复杂体系中多硼物种化学形态分布规律提供一定借鉴。 相似文献
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采用物种分布图与核磁共振实验研究了五硼酸钾溶液中含硼物种的类型、含量和溶液浓度间关系。研究表明五硼酸钾在稀溶液(0.05 mol/kg(H2O))中几乎全部水解,主要物种为B(OH)3和B(OH)-4;在较浓溶液(0.20 mol/kg(H2O))中主要物种为B(OH)3和B3O3(OH)-4,而B5O6(OH)-4和[B4O5(OH)2-4]的含量较小。核磁共振实验研究给出了B(OH)-4、B3O3(OH)-4和B5O6(OH)-4的生成常数K1、K3,、K5,研究得出B5O6(OH)-4含量很少的原因是其解聚为其它类型硼酸根离子。外加离子促进五硼酸根离子的生成,而高温条件促进B5O6(OH)-4发生解聚反应。 相似文献
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用合成的水合四硼酸钾和偏硼酸钾晶体,配制一系列溶液,研究了pH与浓度变化的关系,并计算硼酸根离子的摩尔分数-浓度(δ-c)关系图。用拉曼光谱方法研究四硼酸钾和偏硼酸钾溶液,给出其拉曼光谱图,并对各峰进行了归属。研究表明,四硼酸钾溶液中存在的物种主要有[B4O5(OH)4]2-、[B3O3(OH)4]-和[B(OH)4]-,而其它物种所占摩尔分数很小;在偏硼酸钾水溶液中,[B(OH)4]-占绝大多数,有很少量H3BO3、[B4O5(OH)4]2-和[B3O3(OH)4]3-。硼酸盐离子浓度越低,越容易水解为聚合度较低的简单物种。 相似文献
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为探究南翼山油田水中NH_4Cl对H_3BO_3低温介稳区性质的影响,采用浊度法测量了253.15 K～303.15 K温度范围不同浓度的NH_4Cl对CaCl_2溶液中硼酸的溶解度影响和介稳区宽度;依次根据Nyvlt自洽方程理论求得成核级数m、经典三维成核理论求得固—液界面能γ,实验结果表明,CaCl_2溶液中的NH_4Cl对H_3BO_3溶解度影响很小;CaCl_2溶液中H_3BO_3的介稳区宽度随着NH_4Cl浓度的增加先变小后变大,氯化铵质量分数在0.12%～1.13%之间存在着一个临界值,此时硼酸的介稳区宽度最小。 相似文献
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采用ＰＥ－ＴＧＳ２热重分析仪，对三种硼酸盐进行了ＴＧ－ＤＴＧ曲线的测定，调节不同称样量和灵敏度，获得硼砂和四硼酸锂的细微脱水变化。 相似文献
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Boron resources are abundant in Da Qaidam salt lake of Qaidamu Basin. It has been given great attention for the polyborate species present in brine. In this study, the Raman spectroscopy was applied to investigate the existing-form of boron in brine during evaporation. The prepared solutions of MgO·2B2O3-H2O, MgO·2B2O3-MgCl2 -H2O, and MgO·2B2O3-MgSO4-H2O was also evaporated and recorded to study the influence of boron concentration, pH, and electrolytes on the borate speciation in brine. The mononborates of B(OH)3 and B(OH)4- were found to be the only forms present in the original salt lake brine. Brine evaporation promotes the formation of polyborate anions B3O3(OH)4-, B5O6(OH)4-, and B6O7(OH)62- and also disappearance of the B(OH)4- ion in brine with boron concentration of more than 11 g/L in B2O3. The pentaborate ion of B5O6(OH)4- was sensitive to the solution pH and found to be appeared under the pH value of 8.0. While the hexaborate ion of B6O7(OH)62- was observed more dependent on the electrolyte of magnesium chloride due to its special properties, such as promoting boron accumulation, lowering solution pH, and also the strong af?nity for water molecules, which is beneficial to the polymerization of borate ions in brine. The interaction mechanisms among polyborate anions during evaporation had also been proposed. 相似文献
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Boron resources are abundant in the Da Qaidam Salt Lake of the Qaidamu basin in China,which has generated significant attention due to the presence of polyborate species in brine from this lake. In this study,Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the existing form of boron in brine during evaporation. MgO·2 B_2 O_3-H_2 O,MgO·2 B_2 O_3-MgCl_2-H_2 O,and MgO·2 B_2 O_3-MgSO_4~-H_2 O solutions were also studied to determine the influence of boron concentration,pH,and electrolytes on the borate speciation from brine. The mononborates B( OH)_3 and B( OH)_4~-were found to be the only forms present in natural salt lake brine. Brine evaporation promoted the formation of the polyborate anions B_3 O_3( OH)_4~-,B_5 O_6( OH)_4~-,and B_6 O_7( OH)_6~(2-)and also promoted the disappearance of the B( OH)_4~-ion from brine at boron concentrations of more than 11 g/L B_2 O_3. The pentaborate ion B_5 O_6( OH)_4~-was sensitive to the solution pH and appeared only at p H values less than 8. 0. Meanwhile,the hexaborate ion B_6 O_7( OH)_6~(2-)was observed to be more dependent on the electrolyte magnesium chloride due to its special properties,such as promoting boron accumulation,lowering solution pH,and also its strong affinity for water molecules,which were all beneficial for the polymerization of borate ions in brine. Interaction mechanisms between polyborate anions during evaporation are also proposed herein. ake; evaporation; polyborate species; interaction mechanism. 相似文献
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铷是诸多高新技术领域中的关键元素。青海察尔汗盐湖卤水中蕴藏着丰富的铷资源,但由于铷浓度极低,且与大量钠、钾、镁等离子共存,提取难度极大。利用已知技术从察尔汗盐湖卤水中直接提取铷难以满足经济性约束的前提,这成为察尔汗盐湖铷资源难以利用的症结之一。本文从理论和实验两个方面分析了NaCl+KCl+RbCl+MgCl2+H2O体系中(K,Rb)Cl和铷钾光卤石固溶体—水溶液平衡对察尔汗盐湖卤水中铷分布的制约作用,确定了钾光卤石基固溶体是控制卤水中微量铷进入固相的关键矿物,钾光卤石的形成会使卤水中的铷浓度迅速下降至极低水平。用光卤石矿生产氯化钾,铷几乎全部进入氯化钾产品中,这一结论得到了现场盐田样品分析结果的支持。在上述新认知的启发下,我们设计了从察尔汗盐湖氯化钾产品中浓缩铷的工艺流程,并进行了公斤级小试和吨级放大试验,获得了铷浓度为400 mg/L的富铷料液,其中镁/铷比和钾/铷比均大幅降低;此外,进一步利用本团队成熟的t-BAMBP萃取方法可高效提取氯化铷,其工艺综合成本约为2 090 元/kg,较好满足了察尔汗盐湖铷资源开发的经济性前提。 相似文献
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Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibria in the Aqueous System Containing Potassium, Magnesium, and Borate at 308.15 K 
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下载免费PDF全文 Experimental studies on the solubility,density,refractive index,and pH value in the aqueous system containing potassium,magnesium,and borate at 308. 15 K were determined with the method of isothermal dissolution equilibrium. Based on the experimental results,the diagrams of solubility,density,refractive index,and pH value in this system were plotted. We found that there were one eutectic point and two crystallization regions corresponding to the large area of inderite( L + Mg_2 B_6 O_(11)·15 H_2 O) and the relatively small area of potassium borate tetrahydrate( L + K_2 B_4 O_7·4 H_2 O),respectively. Neither double salt nor solid solution was found in this system. The physicochemical properties( density,refractive index,and pH value) in solution at 308. 15 K changed regularly with increasing potassium borate concentration. The calculated values of density and refractive index using empirical equations of the aqueous system were in good agreement with the experimental values. 相似文献
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采用等温溶解平衡法测定了含锂、硼硼酸盐水溶液体系在35℃时的溶解度、密度和折光率，根据实验数据，绘制了相应的溶解度图、密度图、折光率图和pH值图。该体系溶解度相图包含一个共饱点，两个单盐结晶区，分别为结晶相区较大的（L+ Mg2B6O11·15H2O）和结晶相区较小的（L + K2B4O7·4H2O），溶液体系中没有固溶体和复盐产生。溶液的密度、折光率和pH值随着硼酸钾溶液的浓度增大而呈现与规律的变化，并采用半经验公式对溶液的密度和折光率进行计算，计算值和实验值吻合较好。 相似文献
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Extraction of Cesium and Rubidium with 4-tert-butyl-2- (α-methylbenzyl) phenol from Salt Lake Brine 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 PANG Deng-ke FU Zhen-hai ZHANG Zhi-hong ZHANG Yong-ming MA Yan-fang WANG Jing ZHAO Dong-mei 《盐湖研究》2019,27(2):111-119
This work shows the extraction of cesium( Cs~+) and rubidium( Rb~+) from salt lake brine containing potassium( K~+) and magnesium( Mg~(2+)). The results show that 4-tert-butyl-2-( α-methylbenzyl) phenol( t-BAMBP) diluted in sulfonated kerosene( SK) has an excellent extraction effect. Infrared spectroscopic studies indicate that polymerize to form the dimer in the t-BAMBP when Cs~+or Rb~+were extracted. The effects of K~+,Mg~(2+),t-BAMBP concentration,the volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase( O/A) and the alkalinity( pH) of aqueous phase were investigated.The K~+and Mg~(2+)should be eliminated through precipitating before the extraction and separation of Cs~+and Rb~+. The optimum extraction conditions of the experimental brine were as follows: 0. 8 mol/L t-BAMBP diluted in SK,pH≥13,a phase ratio of 1: 1,and an extraction contact time of 2 min at room temperature. The optimal extraction yields of Cs~+and Rb~+were as high as 100% and 85. 8%,in addition,8. 76% of K~+was co-extracted. Further work would increase the extraction yield and selectivity of Rb~+and realize the efficient separation of Cs~+and Rb~+from brine. 相似文献
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与多羟基化合物络合是去除和分离溶液中微量硼的有效手段,但我们对多羟基化合物与硼酸盐的反应缺乏深入认识。本文通过测定硼酸/硼砂与木糖醇、D-果糖、D-山梨醇和D-甘露醇在水溶液中反应的pH、电导率及Raman光谱,综合对比研究了硼酸/硼砂与四种多羟基化合物的络合反应。对于多羟基化合物/硼酸水溶液,随着多羟基化合物浓度的增加,溶液的pH值降低,电导率显著增加。对于多羟基化合物/硼砂水溶液,随着多羟基化合物浓度的增加,溶液的pH值和电导率都是首先明显降低,之后缓慢降低。为使硼酸/硼砂络合完全,多羟基化合物与硼酸的物质量的比要大于2。四种多羟基化合物与硼酸反应后,都出现了新的Raman峰,D-甘露醇与硼酸在溶液中反应后,在1 207 cm~(-1)处出现了较强的Raman峰。在四种多羟基化合物中,D-甘露醇与硼酸/硼砂的反应效果更好。 相似文献