共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 115 毫秒
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为探讨南极、北极强信号区域海冰变化 ,青藏高原陆面热力状况与北半球大气环流及中国气候变异的遥相关特征以及“三极”因子间的“互反馈”机制 ,应用遥相关等统计方法研究了影响东亚以及中国区域气候变化特征前期“三极”强信号特征 ,探讨了两极海冰与高原陆面水热状况之间的“耦合”影响及其“互反馈”相关特征 ,比较了“三极”前期因子对中国夏季气候变异的贡献程度及其动力结构形成的影响特征 ,并从全球海 -陆 -气 -冰相关定性模型来认识全球气候变化与中国区域气候变异的形成机制。 相似文献
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南极各区海冰变化不同,这种不同的变化必然对各区局地大气环流产生不同的影响,进而可能对全球气候系统产生不同的作用。本文利用Hadley中心提供的1968年1月-2002年12月全球海冰密集度格点资料,结合中央气象台的北半球500hPa、100hPa高度场资料以及中国160站降水、温度资料,利用诊断分析方法,分别对南极Ross海区和Weddell海区海冰与我国夏季天气的关系进行了研究。研究表明,南极Ross海区和Weddell海区海冰对我国夏季天气均具有指示意义。Ross海区是影响我国夏季东北地区降水的海冰关键区,若该区上一年9月海冰偏多,则来年6月我国东北降水偏少;Weddell海区是影响我国夏季东北温度的海冰关键区,若该区上一年9月海冰偏多,则来年6月我国东北温度偏低。 相似文献
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欧亚秋季雪盖与北半球冬季大气环流的联系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用NOAA 提供的1973-2004 年32 年欧亚雪盖面积资料和NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料, 采用相关和合成方法对比分析了欧亚秋、冬季雪盖与北半球冬季大气环流的关系,得到了一个观测事实: 欧亚秋季雪盖与后期冬季北半球中高纬大气环流存在显著的相关关系, 尤其是与北半球冬季大气环流的最主要模态北极涛动(AO) 或北大西洋涛动(NAO) 呈显著的负相关关系, 而且欧亚秋季雪盖面积与后期冬季北半球大气环流的关系比欧亚冬季雪盖与同期大气环流的关系更好。最后提出了一个联系欧亚秋季雪盖与冬季大气环流的可能原因: 欧亚秋季雪盖异常可能是导致后期冬季北半球大气环流变化的一个主要强迫因子。 相似文献
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政府间国际气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)2007年发布了第4次评估报告后,全球气候变化问题再次成为国际社会、科技界和社会公众关注的焦点之一,并迅速成为了一个重要的国际科学和政治议题。 2007年以来,尤其是第4次国际极地年的实施,越来越多的观测和研究事实表明,北极和南极地区正在出现快速地变化着,这些变化也正在从量上到质量变化,当在跨越这种变化的阈门时,可能出现:北冰洋会在2040年前后出现夏季无海冰所引起的北半球大范围的持续暴雪的寒冷冬季;2050年左右南极上空臭氧空洞可能消失并恢复到上世纪80年代水平,南极地区可能会快速升温并引起东南极冰盖和海冰快速融化,使海平面升高加速;极区海水温度快速升高会驱动极区表层海洋和上覆大气之间CO2分压平衡加速,极区海洋也会大量吸收大气CO2,并诱发海水酸化及对极区生态系统产生不可逆的破坏。因此,南极和北极地区的快速变化,正在扮演对全球气候变化的指示和调控作用。 相似文献
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国际极地年中国行动计划编写组 《极地研究》2007,19(3):239-241
北极是全球变化最敏感的地区之一。由于全球变暖,北冰洋在最近几十年发生了明显的异常变化,对全球和我国气候都产生了重要影响。深入、持续地研究北极的海洋与海冰过程,探讨海洋与海冰变异对全球以及我国气候的影响成为当务之急。2007—2008国际极地年期间,在北冰洋中心区以及北极太平洋和大西洋扇区等关键海区,依托“雪龙”号破冰考察船,组织2008和2009年两个夏季航次的多国联合考察,参加其他国家的航次考察,系统观测海洋、海冰和大气变化,研究北极海洋和海冰快速变化对我国及全球气候系统的影响。1目的意义我国是北半球国家,处于中纬度地… 相似文献
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The coupled characteristics of the physical process between sea ice of two poles and Tibetan land surface 下载免费PDF全文
In order to discuss the characteristics of sea ice change of strong signal area on Antarctic and Arctic and the correlation between the thermal state on the land surface of Tibetan Plateau and the atmosphere circulation of North Hemisphere or the climate changes in China, and to study the feedback mechanism among “three-pole” factors, the earlier stage “three-pole” strong signal characteristics by using statistic methods such as teleconnection,which affect the regional climate changes in China and East Asia. The cross-correlation feature and coupling effect between ice caps of North and South pole and water-thermal state on Tibetan Plateau surface are discussed as well. The contribution of three-pole's earlier stage factors to China's summer climate change and the influence of its dynamic structure are compared here. The formation mechanisms of global climate change and regional climate change of China are investigated from the aspect of qualitative correlation mode of global sea-land-air-ice. 相似文献
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ShiYin Liu TongHua Wu Xin Wang XiaoDong Wu XiaoJun Yao Qiao Liu Yong Zhang JunFeng Wei XiaoFan Zhu 《寒旱区科学》2020,12(6):343-354
As one of the five components of Earth's climatic system, the cryosphere has been undergoing rapid shrinking due to global warming. Studies on the formation, evolution, distribution and dynamics of cryospheric components and their interactions with the human system are of increasing importance to society. In recent decades, the mass loss of glaciers, including the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, has accelerated. The extent of sea ice and snow cover has been shrinking, and permafrost has been degrading. The main sustainable development goals in cryospheric regions have been impacted. The shrinking of the cryosphere results in sea-level rise, which is currently affecting, or is soon expected to affect, 17 coastal megacities and some small island countries. In East Asia, South Asia and North America, climate anomalies are closely related to the extent of Arctic sea ice and snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere. Increasing freshwater melting from the ice sheets and sea ice may be one reason for the slowdown in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in the Arctic and Southern Oceans. The foundations of ports and infrastructure in the circum-Arctic permafrost regions suffer from the consequences of permafrost degradation. In high plateaus and mountainous regions, the cryosphere's shrinking has led to fluctuations in river runoff, caused water shortages and increased flooding risks in certain areas. These changes in cryospheric components have shown significant heterogeneity at different temporal and spatial scales. Our results suggest that the quantitative evaluation of future changes in the cryosphere still needs to be improved by enhancing existing observations and model simulations. Theoretical and methodological innovations are required to strengthen social economies' resilience to the impact of cryospheric change. 相似文献
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东亚土地覆盖动态与季风气候年际变化的关系 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
以东亚地区1982-1989年时间序列降水资料及AVHRR 8km NDVI数据为基本数据源,应用地理信息系统技术,分别研究了东亚地区夏季(5-9月)降水及土地覆盖的年际变化,并揭示了研究时间段内各自的变化规律。进一步用奇异值分解(SVD)模型方法分析了以降水变化为表征的东亚地区气候年际变化与土地覆盖年际变化之间的关系。 相似文献
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河西地区土地利用/覆盖变化驱动力研究 总被引:14,自引:7,他引:7
河西地区的土地利用/覆盖格局2000多年来发生了很大的变化。参考大量的数据与资料分析了河西地区土地利用覆盖变化的驱动力,结果表明,自然机制与人为机制同时改变着该地区的土地利用/覆盖状况,自然机制的驱动是缓慢的,长期的,而人为机制的驱动,尤其到了近现代,则是剧烈的,集中的,人口变化是驱动土地利用/覆盖变化的非常活跃的因素。 相似文献
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Asian monsoon have multiple forms of variations such as seasonal variation, intra-seasonal variation, interannual variation,
etc. The interannual variations have not only yearly variations but also variations among several years. In general, the yearly
variations are described with winter temperature and summer precipitation, and the variations among several years are reflected
by circulation of ENSO events. In this study, at first, we analyze the relationship between land cover and interannual monsoon
variations represented by precipitation changes using Singular Value Decomposition method based on the time series precipitation
data and 8km NOAA AVHRR NDVI data covering 1982 to 1993 in east Asia. Furthermore, after confirmation and reclassification
of ENSO events which are recognized as the strong signal of several year monsoon variation, using the same time series NDVI
data during 1982 to 1993 in east Asia, we make a Principle Component Analysis and analyzed the correlation of the 7th component
eigenvectors and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) that indicates the characteristic of ENSO events, and summed up the temporal-spatial
distribution features of east Asian land cover’s inter-annual variations that are being driven by changes of ENSO events. 相似文献
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以东亚地区 1982~1989年时间序列降水资料及 AVHRR 8 km NDVI数据为基本数据源,应用地理信息系统技术,分别研究了东亚地区夏季(5-9月)降水及土地覆盖的年际变化,并揭示了研究时间段内各自的变化规律。进一步用奇异值分解(SVD)模型方法分析了以降水变化为表征的东亚地区气候年际变化与土地覆盖年际变化之间的关系。 相似文献
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运用NCAR/CAM3全球大气环流模式,结合气候学诊断方法,分析了南极海冰涛动异常对南半球降水的影响,并对可能的作用机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,南半球中纬度降水对海冰涛动异常的响应较为显著,且异常响应的空间分布与海冰涛动类似,分别在南美洲大陆以东大西洋和以西太平洋的广阔海域上存在两个正负值中心。 数值模拟结果显示,海冰涛动异常可以通过改变地表热通量,影响对流层中层大气,进而驱动费莱尔环流的上升支,加强或减弱费莱尔环流的强度,最终对南半球中纬度地区的降水分布产生影响。在阿蒙森/别林斯高晋海外围海冰异常偏少的海域,向上的热通量增加,局地加热会使得费莱尔环流的上升支异常偏强,费莱尔环流的经向输送增强,对应其在中低纬的下沉支也偏强,局地下沉气流异常偏强则会抑制降水的生成,导致降水异常偏少。在威德尔海外围海冰异常偏多的海域,经向环流和降水的响应几乎相反,但因受西南极半岛和南美洲陆面作用的影响,对应经度带费莱尔环流对海冰异常的响应较弱。 相似文献