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1.
内蒙古典型草原地上生物量的空间格局及其气候成因分析 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9
内蒙古典型草原区的格点地上生物量与格点的纬度和经度均存在显著正相关关系,呈现北高南低、东高西低的空间分布格局;各气象站点所在地的草地地上生物量与多年平均年降水量之间存在显著正相关关系,与多年平均年均温之间存在显著负相关关系,而与多年平均年干燥度之间亦存在显著负相关关系,且在干燥度介于1~1.5的地区,地上生物量对干燥度变化的响应非常敏感;草地地上生物量的空间分布格局主要是在水热条件共同作用下形成的,年降水量的近东西向分布决定地上生物量分布的近东西向分异特点,而气温和降水的共同作用决定地上生物量分布的近南北向分异特点。 相似文献
2.
利用2005-2011年内蒙古西部草原756个地面调查样方与2001-2011年MODIS NDVI数据集,建立统计模型,估算了内蒙古西部草原地上生物量,并探索了地上生物量与气候因子的关系.结论如下:①内蒙古西部草原地上生物量2001-2011年均值为5.27 Tg(1 Tg=1012g).2001-2011年间,内蒙古西部草原地上生物量呈波动状态且略有下降趋势.②内蒙古西部草原地上生物量的空间差异显著,总体自东南向西北逐步降低.③内蒙古西部草原地上生物量年际波动的主要驱动因子是1-7月的降水量,而与同期气温无显著关系;降水量同样是决定地上生物量空间分布的重要因素,而气温的影响较弱.本研究的估值仍存在一定的不确定性,主要来源于样方的采集标准差异、样方生物量的折算偏差、灌木生物量的低估与遥感数据集误差. 相似文献
3.
北方荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量空间分布特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量的空间分布特征对揭示中国陆地生态系统的碳储量具有重要意义,同时对于了解区域尺度上畜牧业发展潜力、生物多样性现状、以及生态系统稳定性具有一定的作用。利用北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区144个草地样点的植被地上生物量数据,分析地上生物量的空间分布特征及其与多年平均降水量、多年平均温度、海拔高度等环境因素的相关关系。结果表明,北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地单位面积地上生物量的空间分布高度异质,在5.5~371.2 g·m-2之间波动,平均地上生物量为83.3 g·m-2。北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量在经向和纬向上的分布均有明显的规律性。相关分析显示,植被地上生物量与纬度之间呈显著的负相关关系(P<0.05),与经度之间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.001)。草地地上生物量与年降水量之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.001),但和海拔高度、年平均温度之间无显著相关性,这意味着水分条件是导致北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量空间分异的重要因素。 相似文献
4.
围栏封育对青海湖地区芨芨草草原生物量的影响 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
选择青海湖地区的芨芨草草原为研究对象,以围栏内封育和围栏外自由放牧的草地做比较,研究了围栏内外枯枝落叶量、地上生物量的季节动态变化和地下生物量的状况。结果表明:枯落物生物量的季节动态围栏内外均呈现高—低—高的变化趋势,且围栏内枯落物量大于围栏外。群落总地上生物量、禾草类、杂类草和豆类草生物量围栏内外均呈现明显单峰型生长曲线,围栏内地上总生物量和禾草类生物量均大于围栏外,杂类草和豆类草生物量则是围栏外大于围栏内。围栏内外群落的地下生物量垂直分布均呈典型的倒金字塔型,从地表向下地下生物量的空间分布呈递减趋势。地下生物量主要集中分布在0~10 cm,围栏内外分别达1 408.778 g和940.934 g,占总地下生物量比例分别是84.65%和77.12%;而在10~20 cm和20~30 cm两层无论是重量,还是所占的比例,都是围栏外大于围栏内。该地区降雨量和气温呈单峰的增长,且雨热同季,这也和植物的生长规律吻合,土壤含水量达到最高值的时间较降雨量和气温滞后。围栏外地上生物量的季节变化和月均气温、降雨量呈极显著正相关关系,围栏外月均地上生物量的累积量与土壤含水量呈显著负相关关系;地上生物量的月增长率与月均气温和降雨量呈显著正相关关系;围栏内地上生物量的增长率与月均气温呈极显著正相关关系,其他相关关系微弱。 相似文献
5.
内蒙古乌兰察布荒漠草原生物量动态与降水量的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1984年～1987年间,作者对内蒙古乌兰察布短花针茅荒漠草原的地上、地下生物量的动态进行了测定。结果表明,短花针茅荒漠草原不同年份间生产力变化很大。多雨年度地上部分可以达到116.90g/m~2,降水量平年时为67.92g/m~2,而少雨年份仅31.93g/m~2,相差84.97g/m~2,前者是后者的3.7倍.其中不同年份多根葱相差10%左右,蓖齿蒿相差10倍以上。说明不同年份蓖齿蒿生物量变化剧烈,而多根葱相对稳定的特点。地下部分不同年份间变化不像地上部分变化剧烈,最高是最低的1.4倍左右. 短花针茅荒漠草原生产力年际间的变化,主要受降水量支配。地上生物量与年度降水量关系最为密切。表现出很好的线性关系(r=0.99),与地下生物量(10～20cm)亦呈很好线性关系(r=0.97).故我们可以根据年度降水量预测地上与地下生物量。 相似文献
6.
水分是干旱、半干旱区草地生态系统生产力的主要限制因素,但水分如何影响生产力的季节内变异,以往研究相对不足。本研究以内蒙古温带典型草原为研究对象,基于多通道自动原位监测箱系统获得的生态系统日尺度总初级生产力(GPP)及遥感植被归一化指数估算年尺度的地上净初级生产力数据,在不同时间尺度上研究了水分对生产力的影响。结果表明:年降水量对该典型草原草地生态系统地上净初级生产力年际变异无显著影响,但土壤水分显著影响GPP的季节变异,土壤水分解释了GPP季节变异的22%;其他环境因子对生产力的季节变异也有一定影响;温度是生态系统处于干旱时GPP的主要限制因素,GPP随温度的升高而降低;而辐射是生态系统处于湿润时GPP的主要限制因素,GPP随辐射的升高而升高。本研究结果将有利于提升未来降水格局改变对草地生态系统生产力影响的认识。 相似文献
7.
内蒙古乌半察布荒漠草原生物量动态与降水量的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1984－1987年间，作者对内蒙古乌兰察布短花针茅荒漠草原的地上、地下生物量的动态进行了测定。结果表明，短花针茅荒漠草原不同年份间生产力变化很大，多雨年度地上部分可以达到116．90g/m^2，降水量平年时为67．92g/m^2，而少雨年份仅31．93g/m^2，相差84．97g/m^2，前者是后者的3．7倍。其中不同年份多根葱相差10％左右，蓖齿蒿相差10倍以上，说明不同年份蓖齿蒿生物量变化剧烈，而多根葱相对稳定的特点。地下部分不同年份间化不像地上部分变化剧烈,最高是最低的1．4倍左右。短花针茅荒漠草原生产力年际间变化，主要受降水量支配。地上生物量与年度降水量关系最为密切。表现出很好的线性关系（r＝0．99），与地下生物量（10－20cm）亦呈很好线性关系（r＝0．97）。故我们可以根据年度降水量预测地上与地下生物量。 相似文献
8.
1960—2017年太湖流域不同等级降水时空特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于太湖流域1960—2017年逐日降水数据，运用Mann-Kendall非参数检验法、R/S分析等方法，分析太湖流域不同等级降水的时空变化特征，并探讨了不同等级降水对年降水的影响。结果表明：1）近60年来，流域小雨发生率最高，为73.55%；年总降水量中，中雨量所占比例最大，为32.05%。小雨发生率呈显著减少趋势，暴雨贡献率呈显著增加趋势。2）太湖流域大雨、暴雨的降水量和降水日数都呈显著增加，小雨日数显著减少，小雨强度、年总降水强度显著增强。3）不同等级降水变化趋势的空间分布存在明显差异。小雨日数与年总降水日数，以及小雨强度与年总降水强度的变化趋势空间格局相一致。中雨日数、大雨日数、暴雨日数变化趋势的空间分布与其对应的降水量变化趋势的空间格局相似。4）R/S分析结果显示，小雨、暴雨、年总降水相关指标（小雨量除外）都表现出较强的持续性，未来变化趋势与过去相一致。5）近60年来，太湖流域年总降水量、降水日数、年总降水强度的变化，分别受中雨量、小雨日数、暴雨量的影响较大。在旱年流域年降水量偏少受大雨量减少的影响较大，而涝年年降水量偏多受暴雨增加的影响较大。 相似文献
9.
微生境尺度上放牧退化草原群落特征与土壤有机质的空间分异性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
格局和过程与异质性有关。以呼伦贝尔克氏针茅草原不同放牧强度下的演替群落为对象,开展群落植被空间分布格局及土壤有机质空间异质性研究。结果显示,不同放牧强度样地群落结构和群落种类组成存在明显差异。轻度放牧样地样方内有8种植物,群落优势种为克氏针茅（Stipa krylovii）;中度放牧样地样方内有12种植物,群落优势种为糙隐子草（Cleistogenes squyarrosa）;而重度放牧样地样方内只有7种植物,群落优势种为多根葱（Allium polyrhizum）。随放牧强度的增强,植被地上生物量及其变异系数逐渐降低;土壤有机质含量表现为轻度放牧>中度放牧>重度放牧,而其变异系数表现为中度放牧>轻度放牧>重度放牧。从植被地上生物量和土壤有机质含量变异函数分析来看,随放牧压力的增大,植被地上生物量空间自相关性增强,空间异质性变大;土壤有机质含量空间分布自相关性先增强,然后减弱,空间变异性先变大,然后变小。在10 cm×10 cm的微尺度上,重牧群落植被地上生物量和土壤有机质含量之间表现出明显的相关性（P<0.05）。 相似文献
10.
退化羊草草原在浅耕翻处理后植物多样性动态研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
利用多年样方资料的统计分析,对退化草原群落浅耕翻处理后恢复过程中的生物多样性变化规律及引起这些变化的主要植物种群进行研究,结果表明：退化羊草草原在浅耕翻恢复过程中其多度分布特征表现为个别种个体的快速富集（建群种）和少数种随演替进程的富集（优势种）,多度很少的种类（偶见种和伴生种）增加的过程,以上特征与恢复过程中羊草的增加密不可分。退化羊草草原在浅耕翻恢复过程中出现多样性指数的3个高峰期,但多样性指数总变化趋势为开口向上的抛物线状。物种多样性可作为丰富度与均匀度的一个综合反映,在退化草地改良恢复过程中均匀度起着更主导的作用。均匀性指数的整体趋势与多样性指数相似。群落主要植物种群与多样性指数存在着显著的相关关系,其中羊草、冷蒿、冰草、针茅、糙隐子草、变蒿、星毛萎陵菜的密度和生物量与多样性指数具有显著或极显著的线性回归关系。黄蒿的生物量、双齿葱的密度与多样性指数呈显著的线性关系。 相似文献
11.
Spatial pattern of grassland aboveground biomass and its environmental controls in the Eurasian steppe 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Vegetation biomass is an important component of terrestrial ecosystem carbon stocks. Grasslands are one of the most widespread biomes worldwideplaying an important role in global carbon cycling. Thereforestudying spatial patterns of biomass and their correlations to environment in grasslands is fundamental to quantifying terrestrial carbon budgets. The Eurasian steppean important part of global grasslandsis the largest and relatively well preserved grassland in the world. In this studywe analyzed the spatial pattern of aboveground biomass(AGB)and correlations of AGB to its environment in the Eurasian steppe by meta-analysis. AGB data used in this study were derived from the harvesting method and were obtained from three data sources(literatureglobal NPP database at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center(ORNL)some data provided by other researchers). Our results demonstrated that:(1) as for the Eurasian steppe overallthe spatial variation in AGB exhibited significant horizontal and vertical zonality. In detailAGB showed an inverted parabola curve with the latitude and with the elevationwhile a parabola curve with the longitude. In additionthe spatial pattern of AGB had marked horizontal zonality in the Black Sea-Kazakhstan steppe subregion and the Mongolian Plateau steppe subregionwhile horizontal and vertical zonality in the Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe subregion.(2) Of the examined environmental variablesthe spatial variation of AGB was related to mean annual precipitation(MAP)mean annual temperature(MAT)mean annual solar radiation(MAR)soil Gravel contentsoil p H and soil organic content(SOC) at the depth of 0–30 cm. NeverthelessMAP dominated spatial patterns of AGB in the Eurasian steppe and its three subregions.(3) A Gaussian function was found between AGB and MAP in the Eurasian steppe overallwhich was primarily determined by unique patterns of grasslands and environment in the Tibetan Plateau. AGB was significantly positively related to MAP in the Black Sea-Kazakhstan steppe subregion(elevation 3000 m)the Mongolian Plateau steppe subregion(elevation 3000 m) and the surface(elevation ≥ 4800 m) of the Tibetan Plateau. Neverthelessthe spatial variation in AGB exhibited a Gaussian function curve with the increasing MAP in the east and southeast margins(elevation 4800 m) of the Tibetan Plateau. This study provided more knowledge of spatial patterns of AGB and their environmental controls in grasslands than previous studies only conducted in local regions like the Inner Mongolian temperate grasslandthe Tibetan Plateau alpine grasslandetc. 相似文献
12.
The continuous increase of livestock production in Inner Mongolia has caused severe degradation of the grassland ecosystems in recent years. Previous grazing experiments have shown a wide range of vegetation responses between the biome types on a global scale, but there is still a lack of sufficient studies to discern the relative responses of a given biome type. We conducted a meta-analysis of vegetation coverage (VC), plant density (PD), total biomass (TB), above-ground biomass (AGB), under-ground biomass (UGB) and Shannon-Weaver Index (SI) in different grassland types in Inner Mongolia obtained under conditions of different grazing intensities and durations. The results showed that grazing decreased VC, TB, AGB, UGB, and PD significantly. Compared to the global and national average values, the negative effects of grazing to steppe biomass in Inner Mongolia were higher than that on the global scale, while less pronounced than that in China. TB of the meadow steppe in Inner Mongolia increased by 40% under moderate grazing intensity and duration because of compensatory growth. SI of the desert and meadow steppe showed negative linear relationships with the grazing intensity in Inner Mongolia. The percentage changes in AGB, PD, and SI to grazing showed quadratic relationships with the mean annual temperature of the experimental year. With increasing mean annual precipitation, the negative effects of grazing on UGB and SI first decreased and then increased, with that of VC and grazing showing a cubic relationship. 相似文献
13.
Han Zheng Guirui Yu Qiufeng Wang Xianjin Zhu Honglin He Yanfen Wang Junhui Zhang Yingnian Li Liang Zhao Fenghua Zhao Peili Shi Huimin Wang Junhua Yan Yiping Zhang 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(10):1391-1411
Understanding the spatial variation in annual actual evapotranspiration (AET) and its influencing factors is crucial for a better understanding of hydrological processes and water resources management. By synthesizing ecosystem-level observations of eddy-covariance flux sites in China (a total of 61 sites), we constructed the most complete AET dataset in China up to now. Based on this dataset, we quantified the statistic characteristics of AET and water budgets (defined as the ratio of AET to annual mean precipitation (MAP), AET/MAP) of terrestrial ecosystems in China. Results showed that AET differed significantly among both different vegetation types and climate types in China, with overall mean AET of 534.7±232.8 mm yr-1. AET/MAP also differed significantly among different climate types, but there were no distinct differences in AET/MAP values across vegetation types, with mean AET/MAP of 0.82±0.28 for non-irrigated ecosystems. We further investigated how the main climatic factors and vegetation attributes control the spatial variation in AET. Our findings revealed that the spatial variation of AET in China was closely correlated with the geographical patterns of climate and vegetation, in which the effects of total annual net radiation (R n), MAP and mean annual air temperature (MAT) were dominant. Thus, we proposed an empirical equation to describe the spatial patterns of AET in China, which could explain about 84% of the spatial variation in AET of terrestrial ecosystems in China. Based on the constructed dataset, we also evaluated the uncertainties of five published global evapotranspiration products in simulating site-specific AET in China. Results showed that large biases in site-specific AET values existed for all five global evapotranspiration products, which indicated that it is necessary to involve more observation data of China in their parameterization or validation, while our AET dataset would provide a data source for it. 相似文献
14.
Accurate quantification of aboveground biomass of grasslands in alpine regions plays an important role in accurate quantification of global carbon cycling. The monthly normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), mean air temperature (Ta), ≥5℃ accumulated air temperature (AccT), total precipitation (TP), and the ratio of TP to AccT (TP/AccT) were used to model aboveground biomass (AGB) in grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. Three stepwise multiple regression methods, including stepwise multiple regression of AGB with NDVI and EVI, stepwise multiple regression of AGB with Ta, AccT, TP and TP/AccT, and stepwise multiple regression of AGB with NDVI, EVI, Ta, AccT, TP and TP/AccT were compared. The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) values between estimated AGB by the NDVI and measured AGB were 31.05 g m-2 and 44.12 g m-2, and 95.43 g m-2 and 131.58 g m-2 in the meadow and steppe, respectively. The MAE and RMSE values between estimated AGB by the AccT and measured AGB were 33.61g m-2 and 48.04 g m-2 in the steppe, respectively. The MAE and RMSE values between estimated AGB by the vegetation index and climatic data and measured AGB were 28.09 g m-2 and 42.71 g m-2, and 35.86 g m-2 and 47.94 g m-2, in the meadow and steppe, respectively. The study finds that a combination of vegetation index and climatic data can improve the accuracy of estimates of AGB that are arrived at using the vegetation index or climatic data. The accuracy of estimates varied depending on the type of grassland. 相似文献
15.
全球变暖是当前人类社会面临的主要环境问题,对同一区域不同生态系统气温变化差异的认知,是服务于当地生态环境评价和经济建设规划的基础。以1961-2012年的气温数据为基础,用Mann-Kendall(M-K)秩次相关法对中国东北地区纬度相差极小的农业(海伦站)、森林(博克图站)、草甸草原(海拉尔站)、干草原(满洲里站)4类生态系统的气温变化进行了比较分析。结果表明:(1)1961-2012年东北地区主要生态系统年最高气温变化趋势最显著,其次是年平均气温,年最低气温变化趋势不显著。(2)不同生态系统年平均气温、年最高气温、年最低气温的变化趋势具有一致性,同一生态系统年平均气温、年最高气温和年最低气温的变化趋势存在差异。(3)从年平均气温来看,草甸草原生态系统变化趋势最显著,气温变化率最大(0.44℃/10a),发生气温突变的时间最早;从年最高气温来看,农业生态系统一直呈上升趋势,20世纪90年代后期上升趋势显著,气温突变点出现的时间最早。 相似文献
16.
沙坡头地区多年降水分布特征、趋势及其变率 总被引：34，自引：22，他引：12
应用Mann-Kendall秩统计法和回归分析法,检验时间序列上的年降水趋势;应用一阶自相关分析法,对沙坡头地区多年降水持续性特征进行统计分析。结果表明,5a滑动平均曲线所对应区间1967- 1972年以及1977- 1982年降水量大于多年平均值,而1983- 2000年降水量滑动平均值低于多年平均值的趋势明显。1955-1970年的分析时段内,降水量每连续递减两年后,将稍有回升,但总体上趋于下降。从滑动平均计算值来看,年降水分布存在时间序列上的非随机因素潜在振荡,5a滑动平均值突出了以年为时序单位的降水振荡模式。干旱时段的延长通常在多雨年之前或之后发生,尤其在1978年经历高峰降水以后,直至1985年,区内干旱时段的延长颇为显著。沙坡头地区降水分布特征表明该地区在干旱半干旱过渡带中更趋向于干旱化的特点。 相似文献
17.
TIAN Li ZHANG Yangjian Claus HOLZAPFEL HUANG Ke CHEN Ning TAO Jian ZHU Juntao 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(5):526-537
Environmental and Geo-spatial factors have long been considered as crucial determinants of species composition and distributions. However, quantifying the relative contributions of these factors for the alpine ecosystems is lacking. The Tibetan Plateau has a unique ecological environment and vegetation types. Our objectives are to quantify the spatial distributions of plant communities on the Northern Tibetan Alpine grasslands and to explore the relationships between vegetation composition, Geo-spatial factors and environmental factors. We established 63 field plots along a 1200-km gradient on the Northern Tibetan Plateau Alpine Grassland and employed the two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and the detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA). Fourteen communities of alpine grassland were identifiable along the transect and consisted of three vegetation types: Alpine meadow, Alpine steppe, and desert steppe. Vegetation composition and spatial distribution appeared to be largely determined by mean annual precipitation and less influenced by temperature. A large fraction (73.5%) of the variation in vegetation distribution was explained by environmental variables along this transect, somewhat less by Geo-spatial factors (56.3%). The environmental and Geo-spatial factors explained 29.6% and 12.3% of the total variation, respectively, while their interaction explained 43.9%. Our findings provide strong empirical evidence for explaining biological and environmental synergetic relationships in Northern Tibet. 相似文献
18.
Spatial relationships among species, above-ground biomass, N, and P in degraded grasslands in Ordos Plateau, northwestern China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
We chose five communities, representing a mild to severe gradient of grassland desertification in a semi-arid area of Ordos Plateau, northwestern China, to explore the spatial relationships among plant species, above-ground biomass (AGB), and plant nutrients (N and P). Community 1 (C1) was dominated by Stipa bungeana; Community 2 (C2) by a mix of S. bungeana and the shrub Artemisia ordosica; Community 3 (C3) by A. ordosica; Community 4 (C4) by a mix of Cynanchum komarovii and C. komorovii; and Community 5 (C5) by C. komorovii. Quantitative methods, including geostatistics, were used to compare community composition, structure, and indicators of ecosystem function (i.e. AGB, plant N and P) in five 16-m2 plots. The highest AGB, plant nitrogen (N) and plant phosphorus (P) were found in lightly degraded community C2. With increasing desertification effects from C3 to C5, the AGB, N, and P decreased significantly while plant density remained unchanged. The spatial variations of AGB were higher in shrub-dominated communities (C1 and C5) than in grass-dominated communities (C2–C4). Strong spatial relationships were detected within and among the communities, with stronger relationships between AGB and density than between AGB and species richness. Spatial patterns of plant N and P were different from those of AGB, reflecting different N and P contents of individual plants and different species that can redistribute soil resources in these communities. The AGB was positively correlated with soil nutrients (TOC, TN, TP, and IN), except for soil AP. We concluded that several specific aspects of ecosystem properties were directly associated with the conversion of the grass and shrub “functional types” in these degraded grasslands. 相似文献
19.
《自然地理学》2013,34(6):561-573
The semi-arid forest-steppe ecotone in China is characterized by a patchy pattern of forest and steppe, with forest patches restricted to shady slopes. To address the effect of topography on forest distribution through regulation of available water, we calculated evaporation as a function of slope aspect and inclination. Field vegetation records from randomly selected sites with minimum slope inclination were used to test the simulated forest distribution. Seasonal and diurnal changes of surface soil temperature and moisture of shady and sunny slopes were recorded. Soil water content was measured during two growing seasons on both sunny and shady slopes with the same forest type at three sites located along the mean annual precipitation (MAP) gradient. Evaporation decreases with slope inclination on shady slopes, but increases with inclination on sunny slopes. The shady slope received 35% of the annual direct solar radiation received by the sunny slope when the slope inclination was 25°, and the contrast in annual direct solar radiation between the shady and sunny slopes further widens as slope inclination increases. Steeper shady slopes can support forests in dryer climates, with log-linear regression revealing a minimum slope inclination for forest distribution along the MAP gradient. The simulated minimum slope inclination for forest growth was larger than the observed minimum inclination, and the difference was greater in wetter conditions. A larger forest area fraction was considered to lead to a reduction in soil temperature and evaporation, as verified by soil temperature and moisture records and soil water content measurements. The slope-specific forest distribution in the semi-arid region of China can be explained by a topography-controlled soil water supply. Lower evaporation, resulting from lower direct solar radiation on shady slopes, allows shady slopes to retain a water supply sufficient for sustaining forests, and the existence of forests on shady slopes further reduces evaporation. Different tree species coexist at the xeric timberline due to regulation by slope inclination and aspect. 相似文献
20.
分析了内蒙古典型草原与荒漠草原NDVI的变化，探讨了干旱对NDVI的影响，建立了NDVI与气象因子的回归模型。结果表明：2000—2016年内蒙古典型草原与荒漠草原NDVI呈现波动变化，变异较小。干旱对典型草原区的羊草（Leymus chinensis）群落与大针茅（Stipa grandis）群落NDVI影响显著（P<0.05）；与正常年份相比，干旱导致羊草群落与大针茅群落NDVI降低约23%。5—8月降水量和干燥度指数影响内蒙古典型草原羊草群落与大针茅群落NDVI；荒漠草原区羊草+短花针茅（Stipa breviflora）群落与沙生针茅（Stipa plareosa）群落NDVI的主要影响因子分别为年均气温与5—8月平均气温；5—8月降水量和年均气温是影响典型草原和荒漠草原NDVI的重要因子。基于气象因子的NDVI回归模型能够较好地对区域NDVI进行估测。生长季降水是影响典型草原NDVI的关键因素，而气温显著影响荒漠草原NDVI。在未来气候变化的背景下，内蒙古典型草原NDVI对干旱的响应会更加敏感。 相似文献