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近年来伴随导航定位技术与无线电掩星技术的结合，一种崭新的遥感地球大气的方法-Global Positioning System/Meteoroloby(GPS/NET)应运而生，该方法可以有效地探测大气温、压、湿等气象参数。本文在介绍利用GPS-LEO掩星技术探测地球大气的原理，以及反演大气参数的方法、步骤的基础上，给出了模拟掩星数据反演出的温度廓线、密度廓线及部分GPS/NET实验数据的初步反演结果。通过分析可以看出，利用掩星技术反演出的温度廓线与大气实际情况相符，并且与ECMWF、NCEP的结果吻合较好。在干空气假设条件下，近地面大气的反演结果与实际情况还存在一定误差，有待深入研究解决。 相似文献
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雾灵山山基掩星观测反演误差分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用山基GPS掩星探测技术对2005年8月河北雾灵山山基GPS掩星观测试验数据进行了处理,获得了接收机高度以下的大气折射率廓线;分析了掩星反演结果的内部符合情况,并利用同时进行的联合探空观测数据,将探空结果与掩星反演结果进行了比对分析.分析结果表明,山基GPS掩星反演大气折射率的内部符合精度优于1%,与常规探空结果的平均偏差为5.9%.反演结果偏小,标准偏差为5.6%. 相似文献
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与传统的无线电探空、雷达探测等手段相比,GNSS掩星技术为大气探测提供了一个强有力的工具,其具有无校准、全天候、精度高、垂直分辨率高、全球均匀覆盖等特点.介绍了利用GNSS掩星技术获取地球大气温、压、湿等相关参数大小的研究现状.同时,提出了GNSS掩星技术在气候研究领域的发展方向,将拓宽GNSS掩星技术在全球气候变化研究中的应用. 相似文献
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与传统的无线电探空、雷达探测等手段相比,GNSS掩星技术为大气探测提供了一个强有力的工具,其具有无校准、全天候、精度高、垂直分辨率高、全球均匀覆盖等特点。介绍了利用GNSS掩星技术获取地球大气温、压、湿等相关参数大小的研究现状。同时,提出了GNSS掩星技术在气候研究领域的发展方向,将拓宽GNSS掩星技术在全球气候变化研究中的应用。 相似文献
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介绍了利用GPS掩星反演地球中性大气参数的原理.在实际解算中,总结出用迭代法解多普勒观测方程、数值积分法求大气折射指数、用最小二乘法模拟大气折射指数与高度的函数关系.对特定掩星事件的数据进行了反演计算,并对计算结果进行了分析. 相似文献
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奥斯特/GPS掩星与地面雷达联合观测电离层电子密度的初步结果 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
张训械 P.Hoeg G.B.Larsen Stig Syndergaard Martin B.S Jakob G.R S.Fukao Kiyoshi lgarashi Seiji Kawamura 《全球定位系统》2000,(3)
1999年2月丹麦发射了一颗奥斯特小卫星,它装载了两台GPS接收机,其中一台用于电离层和中性大气掩星测量,另一台用于自主定位。本文给出了1999年10月奥斯特/GPS掩星与日本MU雷达和数字测高仪的联合观测结果。奥斯特掩星反演得到的电子密度剖面与地面雷达观测的进行了比较,结果表明:天基和地基雷达观测的电子密度是一致的。文章还给出利用GPS的单频信号反演电离层电子密度剖面技术和3维射线追踪技术模拟掩星结果。 相似文献
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厄尔尼诺-南方涛动事件(ENSO)会引起全球大气压强的异常变化. 应用2006年至2008年期间全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)掩星数据,采用几何光学反演法计算地面高度2 km处的大气压强变化,将厄尔尼诺期间(2006年12月)、拉尼娜期间(2007年12月)与正常年份(2008年12月)之间的全球大气压强求差,分析大气压强变化. 实验结果表明,利用GNSS掩星数据通过绘制全球范围某一高度的大气压强变化剖面图,可以直观地展现出ENSO期间的大气压强变化,为相关的气候变化研究提供便利参考条件. 相似文献
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在GNSS高精度数据处理中,卫星钟差往往是决定结果精度的核心因素之一。采用20 Hz的双频观测数据对GNSS星载原子钟0.05~100 s平滑时间下的短期稳定性进行分析,通过星间单差的方法消除接收机钟差,采用无电离层组合及夜间观测避免电离层高阶项短期变化的影响,同时采用经验模型和映射函数来进行对流层延迟改正。通过Lag 1自相关函数分析了影响GNSS卫星钟稳定性的主要噪声类型,并使用阿伦方差计算分析GPS、GLONASS及BDS各自系统内不同卫星组合之间的钟差。结果表明,GPS、GLONASS及BDS系统钟差稳定性0.05秒稳均可达到10-10量级,秒稳可达10-11量级。可以认定,GPS、GLONASS及BDS在短期内的稳定性量级相当,从而验证了基于星间单差的BDS掩星数据处理方案的可行性。 相似文献
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全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)信号资源的大气海洋遥感技术一直是一个研究热点. 伴随着GNSS系统的建设和发展,相继出现了利用GNSS延迟信号、反射信号、掩星信号、极化信号获取大气和海洋环境参数的一系列新技术新方法. 在回顾GNSS大气海洋遥感技术概况的基础上,先后概述了GNSS延迟信号(GNSS-D)技术、GNSS反射测量(GNSS-R)技术、GNSS无线电掩星(GNSS-RO)技术、GNSS极化掩星(GNSS-PRO)技术的基本原理,比较全面系统地分析了其国内外研究和应用方面的现状及最新进展,特别是新兴GNSS-PRO技术的机理、优势及发展现状. 最后对该研究领域的发展前景进行了一些探讨,相关技术的突破和发展必将在气象、水文、海洋、陆地、空间环境等地球科学领域发挥越来越重要的作用. 相似文献
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掩星信号在传播过程中能够在地球表面发生反射,其反射信号中的低层大气信息在改进天气预报精准度和气候监测等方面存在很大的应用价值.基于COSMIC(constellation observing system for meteorology,ionosphere and climate)掩星廓线资料,提取了 2011-20... 相似文献
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A comprehensive global navigation satellite system (GNSS) based radio occultation (RO) data set is available for meteorology and climate applications since the start of GNSS RO measurements aboard the CHAllenging Mini-satellite Payload (CHAMP) satellite in February 2001. Global coverage, all-weather capability, long-term stability and accuracy not only makes this innovative use of GNSS signals a valuable supplement to the data set assimilated into numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems but also an excellent candidate for global climate monitoring. We present a 3D variational data assimilation (3D-Var) scheme developed to derive consistent global analysis fields of temperature, specific humidity, and surface pressure from GNSS RO data. The system is based on the assimilation of RO data within 6 h time windows into European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) short-term (24 h, 30 h) forecasts, to derive climatologic monthly mean fields. July 2003 was used as a test-bed for assessing the system’s performance. The results show good agreement with climatologies derived from RO data only and recent NWP impact studies. These findings are encouraging for future developments to apply the approach for longer term climatologic analyses, validation of other data sets, and atmospheric variability studies. 相似文献
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Combination of different space-geodetic observations for regional ionosphere modeling 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Denise Dettmering Michael Schmidt Robert Heinkelmann Manuela Seitz 《Journal of Geodesy》2011,85(12):989-998
Most of the space-geodetic observation techniques can be used for modeling the distribution of free electrons in the Earth’s
ionosphere. By combining different techniques one can take advantage of their different spatial and temporal distributions
as well as their different observation characteristics and sensitivities concerning ionospheric parameter estimation. The
present publication introduces a procedure for multi-dimensional ionospheric modeling. The model consists of a given reference
part and an unknown correction part expanded in terms of B-spline functions. This approach is used to compute regional models
of Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) based on the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI 2007) and GPS observations
from terrestrial Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) reference stations, radio occultation data from Low Earth Orbiters
(LEOs), dual-frequency radar altimetry measurements, and data obtained by Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). The approach
overcomes deficiencies in the climatological IRI model and reaches the same level of accuracy than GNSS-based VTEC maps from
IGS. In areas without GNSS observations (e.g., over the oceans) radio occultations and altimetry provide valuable measurements
and further improve the VTEC maps. Moreover, the approach supplies information on the offsets between different observation
techniques as well as on their different sensitivity for ionosphere modeling. Altogether, the present procedure helps to derive
improved ionospheric corrections (e.g., for one-frequency radar altimeters) and at the same time it improves our knowledge
on the Earth’s ionosphere. 相似文献
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Phase center modeling for LEO GPS receiver antennas and its impact on precise orbit determination 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7
Adrian Jäggi R. Dach O. Montenbruck U. Hugentobler H. Bock G. Beutler 《Journal of Geodesy》2009,83(12):1145-1162
Most satellites in a low-Earth orbit (LEO) with demanding requirements on precise orbit determination (POD) are equipped with
on-board receivers to collect the observations from Global Navigation Satellite systems (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning
System (GPS). Limiting factors for LEO POD are nowadays mainly encountered with the modeling of the carrier phase observations,
where a precise knowledge of the phase center location of the GNSS antennas is a prerequisite for high-precision orbit analyses.
Since 5 November 2006 (GPS week 1400), absolute instead of relative values for the phase center location of GNSS receiver
and transmitter antennas are adopted in the processing standards of the International GNSS Service (IGS). The absolute phase
center modeling is based on robot calibrations for a number of terrestrial receiver antennas, whereas compatible antenna models
were subsequently derived for the remaining terrestrial receiver antennas by conversion (from relative corrections), and for
the GNSS transmitter antennas by estimation. However, consistent receiver antenna models for space missions such as GRACE
and TerraSAR-X, which are equipped with non-geodetic receiver antennas, are only available since a short time from robot calibrations.
We use GPS data of the aforementioned LEOs of the year 2007 together with the absolute antenna modeling to assess the presently
achieved accuracy from state-of-the-art reduced-dynamic LEO POD strategies for absolute and relative navigation. Near-field
multipath and cross-talk with active GPS occultation antennas turn out to be important and significant sources for systematic
carrier phase measurement errors that are encountered in the actual spacecraft environments. We assess different methodologies
for the in-flight determination of empirical phase pattern corrections for LEO receiver antennas and discuss their impact
on POD. By means of independent K-band measurements, we show that zero-difference GRACE orbits can be significantly improved
from about 10 to 6 mm K-band standard deviation when taking empirical phase corrections into account, and assess the impact
of the corrections on precise baseline estimates and further applications such as gravity field recovery from kinematic LEO
positions. 相似文献
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GNSS系统在测量领域应用越来越广泛,本文主要阐述了GNSS系统建立桥梁施工控制网的原理和方法,探讨了GNSS技术在桥梁施工控制测量中的应用,并且对比分析了全站仪测量的结果,最终得出GNSS系统用于桥梁施工控制不仅能够满足现在大型桥梁的施工精度要求,而且可以提高工作效率,节约成本。 相似文献