共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 245 毫秒
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地质科学数据是人类合理开发利用地球资源、保护人类赖以生存的地球环境,推进地球系统科学知识创新的重要基础数据。本文简要介绍中国地质科学院主持建设的WDC2中国地质科学数据网的有关情况,着重介绍地质数据库资源及共享服务系统的基本构架,旨在为促进地质科学数据共享建设提供参考借鉴。 相似文献
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亚洲大洋洲区域综合地球观测系统是为实现国际地球观测组织总体战略目标而设立的区域地球观测合作计划,旨在面向亚大区域国家对地球观测技术的应用需求,保障亚大区域地球观测空间信息的精准获取与主动服务,增强地球观测技术支撑区域可持续发展的综合能力。该计划由地球观测组织亚大区域成员国共同提出,并对亚大地区的所有国家和参与组织开放。通过国际地球观测组织亚大区域政府间合作机制,在国家、区域和全球层面建立有效的合作框架,积极协调区域内的地球观测资源设施的互联互通、技术合作与共享服务,促进亚大区域国家在社会经济关键领域的应用,共同应对可持续发展、全球变化和重大灾害的挑战。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2016,(10)
传统的海洋环境数据集成与共享存在共享模式单一、数据服务效果不明显等突出问题。随着云计算等技术的出现,数据共享模式发生了巨大的变化。提出基于云计算的海洋环境数据共享体系,通过基础设施即服务(infrastructure as a service,IaaS)、数据资源即服务(data as a service,DaaS)及软件即服务(software as a service,SaaS)实现海洋环境数据共享模式的转变。在海洋环境数据云中,用户既是数据的使用者也是数据的提供者,通过数据发布与发现、数据需求发布与发现等功能,解决数据共享中"用户-数据"之间的矛盾,并激励普通海洋科研工作者贡献自己的数据,保障数据资源有效、可持续利用。以南海海域为实验区,以表层漂流浮标数据及中尺度涡旋数据为实验数据,构建了原型系统验证该方法。 相似文献
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科学数据是信息资源的主要载体,具有非排他性、无消耗性和可增值性。科学数据共享,使科学数据更加开放,数据交换更加顺畅,数据应用更加便利,一直是科学家开展科学研究时的关注焦点,也是国家信息化的重要内容。结合中国气象局资料共享工作,我拟就科学数据共享谈四个方面问题,与读者共同探讨。 相似文献
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遥感与中国可持续发展:机遇和挑战 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国要实现可持续发展,必须积极应对资源短缺、环境恶化、海洋开发和气候变化等一系列重大资源环境问题;随着全球经济发展一体化进程加快,中国必须以全球视角研究和解决面临的资源环境问题。遥感在地球科学、环境科学、资源科学与全球变化研究中具有宏观动态的优点,是不可替代的全球观测手段,是实施可持续发展战略的基础性技术支撑。本文回顾了遥感科学技术进步的历程,总结了国际上围绕可持续发展所开展的全球遥感科学计划,分析了中国遥感现状和服务于可持续发展的前景,并结合国际上地球综合观测系统的发展态势,提出了中国遥感科学技术发展面临的挑战和机遇,进一步阐述了遥感发展面临的建立地球综合观测系统之系统、高精度遥感模型与参数反演、遥感产品真实性检验与遥感性能判据及测试系统、遥感数据与地球系统模式同化、遥感大数据与主动服务等前沿科学与技术问题。最后指出遥感要更好地服务于社会可持续发展,服务于国家的全球战略,服务于国民经济建设;必须创新遥感应用服务模式,加快遥感产业化和商业化进程;建议推进卫星观测系统的商业化,加快无人机遥感发展,促进遥感应用市场化。 相似文献
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国土资源科学数据共享研究综述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对当前在长期的国土资源调查、监测、评价、研究工作中所产生的大量国土资源科学数据,分析这些获取难度大、成本高,有着巨大的科学利用价值的数据资源未能充分发挥其科学价值的主要原因,阐述开展国土资源科学数据共享的重要性,并围绕制约国土资源科学数据共享的关键技术问题,综述国土资源科学数据标准化改造、共享平台功能搭建、数据标准规范建设等方面的进展和共享服务情况,提出国土资源科学数据共享今后的主要研究方向。 相似文献
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《测绘科学技术学报》2013,(4)
对地学领域全球观测及分析模拟的大数据进行空间关联,可以促进数据共享利用,更好地服务于全球变化与地球系统科学研究及社会公益事业。本文分析了全球大数据的共享现状、存在问题和发展方向;介绍了一种基于球体退化八叉树的地球系统空间格网(ESSG),及其和现行坐标系统的关联与转换方法;提出了基于ESSG的三元组数据结构、全球大数据空间关联模式、大数据集成组织与对象表达原理;并基于云环境和Web服务技术,设计了基于ESSG的全球大数据共享服务模式。搭建了试验环境,开发了软件,以全球地壳数据、DEM和大气数据为例,实现了全球大数据空间关联、集成可视化与共享服务。 相似文献
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我国科学数据共享机制建设研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
科学数据是信息时代一种特殊的资源,其价值表现在科学价值、经济价值和社会价值三个方面。科学数据经济学规律是科学数据共享的重要基础理论;建立国家级强制共享机制,是我国科学数据共享工作的重要环节;建立共享鼓励机制是科学数据队伍稳定存在的关键。 相似文献
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地学栅格格网数据质量评价指标与方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
栅格格网数据在GIS空间分析中具有巨大优势,但是其质量优劣很大程度上影响着这些基础数据的应用能力。本文结合地球系统科学数据共享网(科学数据共享工程试点)中栅格格网数据现状,提出该数据质量评价的指标和方法。具体指标包括图形、属性、时间和元数据四个大的要素集,通过与精度、逻辑一致性与完整性的匹配,组成一个的评价指标矩阵。基于缺陷扣分法和加权平均法设计了数据质量评价技术路线,并以地球系统科学数据共享试点中的栅格格网数据为实例,验证了本技术方法。 相似文献
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城市地质灾害应急管理平台的设计与研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国地质灾害多发,严重威胁到山地城市安全.城市地质灾害应急管理的首要环节是应急部门对信息的及时沟通和决策部门对信息的高效管理.因此,设计具有完善的数据共享模式,并具备良好服务架构的信息平台是科学应急管理的必要手段.本文研究了城市地质灾害应急管理平台设计中的关键技术,提出了基于地理网络和元数据管理的数据共享模式;建立了基于SOA的平台架构,并描述了分布式环境下的平台配置结构.通过引入先进的软件技术和GIS技术,可以为城市地质灾害救援指挥提供必要的信息和技术支撑,最终实现减轻城市突发性地质灾害损失的目的. 相似文献
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Ｇ Ｉ Ｓ 数据共享的主要问题是数据的语义共享。在数据共享的保障基础———技术基础、标准化体系及政策法规体系中,标准化工作最为直接,而其中面向数据共享的概念模型的设计又是最基础性的工作之一。面向数据共享的概念模型设计的主要任务是寻求一种规范化、标准化的约束法则来保障数据的共享,为了保障数据共享的安全性,所设计的概念模型应能提供用于共享的抽象概念,这些抽象概念所描述的是地理概念而非纯空间概念,并应能提供语义抽象机制。采用语义数据模型的方法,提出利用地理特征这一概念作为建模的基本概念。通过一个实例对其应用进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(12):952-968
Global change has a significant impact on the lives of humankind. Earth observation can help to better understand our earth and cope with global change. With the availability of more reliable environmental data sets, digital earth is becoming a popular way to monitor the Earth and provide information to researchers and decision makers on environment protection, disaster mitigation, and social benefits. Therefore, accessing data with lowering costs is essential for digital earth. Nevertheless, there are big challenges in ensuring the feasibility of access to Chinese remote sensing data. This paper outlines some of the main challenges in realizing data sharing, provides an analysis of the core reasons leading to these challenges, and proposes recommendations to overcome the challenges. Amongst the main challenges are differences in data policy to gain access to satellite data, diverse data formats, and delivery mechanisms. The major challenge for the decision makers is to define a more open policy and for the scientist the challenge is to implement these polices for the benefit of all. This paper proposes that governments should adopt policies encouraging more open distribution and access to their data, in order to generate an improved digital earth with increased benefits to human society. 相似文献
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Protected areas are experiencing increased levels of human pressure. To enable appropriate conservation action, it is critical to map and monitor changes in the type and extent of land cover/use and habitat classes, which can be related to human pressures over time. Satellite Earth observation (EO) data and techniques offer the opportunity to detect such changes. Yet association with field information and expert interpretation by ecologists is required to interpret, qualify and link these changes to human pressure. There is thus an urgent need to harmonize the technical background of experts in the field of EO data analysis with the terminology of ecologists, protected area management authorities and policy makers in order to provide meaningful, context-specific value-added EO products. This paper builds on the DPSIR framework, providing a terminology to relate the concepts of state, pressures, and drivers with the application of EO analysis. The type of pressure can be inferred through the detection of changes in state (i.e. changes in land cover and/or habitat type and/or condition). Four broad categories of changes in state are identified, i.e. land cover/habitat conversion, land cover/habitat modification, habitat fragmentation and changes in landscape connectivity, and changes in plant community structure. These categories of change in state can be mapped through EO analyses, with the goal of using expert judgement to relate changes in state to causal direct anthropogenic pressures. Drawing on expert knowledge, a set of protected areas located in diverse socio-ecological contexts and subject to a variety of pressures are analysed to (a) link the four categories of changes in state of land cover/habitats to the drivers (anthropogenic pressure), as relevant to specific target land cover and habitat classes; (b) identify (for pressure mapping) the most appropriate spatial and temporal EO data sources as well as interpretations from ecologists and field data useful in connection with EO data analysis. We provide detailed examples for two protected areas, demonstrating the use of EO data for detection of land cover/habitat change, coupled with expert interpretation to relate such change to specific anthropogenic pressures. We conclude with a discussion of the limitations and feasibility of using EO data and techniques to identify anthropogenic pressures, suggesting additional research efforts required in this direction. 相似文献
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Geospatially Enabled Scientific Workflows offer a promising toolset to help researchers in the earth observation domain with many aspects of the scientific process. One such aspect is that of access to distributed earth observation data and computing resources. Earth observation research often utilizes large datasets requiring extensive CPU and memory resources in their processing. These resource intensive processes can be chained; the sequence of processes (and their provenance) makes up a scientific workflow. Despite the exponential growth in capacity of desktop computers, their resources are often insufficient for the scientific workflow processing tasks at hand. By integrating distributed computing capabilities into a geospatially enabled scientific workflow environment, it is possible to provide researchers with a mechanism to overcome the limitations of the desktop computer. Most of the effort on extending scientific workflows with distributed computing capabilities has focused on the web services approach, as exemplified by the OGC's Web Processing Service and by GRID computing. The approach to leveraging distributed computing resources described in this article uses instead remote objects via RPyC and the dynamic properties of the Python programming language. The Vistrails environment has been extended to allow for geospatial processing through the EO4Vistrails package ( http://code.google.com/p/eo4vistrails/ ). In order to allow these geospatial processes to be seamlessly executed on distributed resources such as cloud computing nodes, the Vistrails environment has been extended with both multi‐tasking capabilities and distributed processing capabilities. The multi‐tasking capabilities are required in order to allow Vistrails to run side‐by‐side processes, a capability it does not currently have. The distributed processing capabilities are achieved through the use of remote objects and mobile code through RPyC. 相似文献
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基于元数据和数据集管理的空间数据共享研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以实现地理空间数据的标准化为前提,实现数据共享及发布为目的,指出传统的基于数据集的共享模式存在着弊端,需要建立基于元数据和数据集相结合的管理机制,同时提出了元数据库设计的思想,这对于解决数据共享中的异地、异构存储是有借鉴意义的,该思想可以在数字山东的数据共享中得以实施和应用。 相似文献
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Martin Sudmanns Dirk Tiede Stefan Lang Andrea Baraldi 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(1):95-112
ABSTRACTThe challenge of enabling syntactic and semantic interoperability for comprehensive and reproducible online processing of big Earth observation (EO) data is still unsolved. Supporting both types of interoperability is one of the requirements to efficiently extract valuable information from the large amount of available multi-temporal gridded data sets. The proposed system wraps world models, (semantic interoperability) into OGC Web Processing Services (syntactic interoperability) for semantic online analyses. World models describe spatio-temporal entities and their relationships in a formal way. The proposed system serves as enabler for (1) technical interoperability using a standardised interface to be used by all types of clients and (2) allowing experts from different domains to develop complex analyses together as collaborative effort. Users are connecting the world models online to the data, which are maintained in a centralised storage as 3D spatio-temporal data cubes. It allows also non-experts to extract valuable information from EO data because data management, low-level interactions or specific software issues can be ignored. We discuss the concept of the proposed system, provide a technical implementation example and describe three use cases for extracting changes from EO images and demonstrate the usability also for non-EO, gridded, multi-temporal data sets (CORINE land cover). 相似文献
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Monitoring soil moisture with satellite sensors is an effective approach for agricultural drought assessment. Currently, large quantities of sensor-derived observation data with different observation metadata models exist, and they require efficient and accurate methods of discovery. In this study, an earth observation (EO) metadata ontology with a spatiotemporal-spectral-enhanced structure is designed to solve this problem. The ontology is based on the proposed EO metadata model, which is composed of nonfunctional and functional sub-modules and supports the Open Geospatial Consortium EO profile of observations and measurements. Using EO metadata ontology, an application for soil moisture monitoring in Hubei Province in China is tested. The results indicate that metadata retrieval with a spatiotemporal-spectral-enhanced method can efficiently achieve fine-grained discovery of qualified EO metadata and obtain soil moisture monitoring information from sensor images. In summary, the spatiotemporal-spectral semantics in the proposed ontology demonstrate the use of EO metadata in the context of a soil moisture monitoring application, improving the efficiency and accuracy of EO metadata discovery. 相似文献
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The launching of CBERS-01 (China Brazil Earth Resource Satellite) in 1999, China’s first land observation satellite, signifies an unprecedented milestone in Chinese satellite remote sensing history. Since then, a large number of applications have been developed that drew upon solely CBERS-01 and other Chinese land observation satellites. The application development evolves from one satellite to multiple satellites, from one series of satellites to multiple series, from scientific research to industrial applications. Six aspects of the Chinese land observation satellite program are discussed in this paper: development status, data sharing and distribution, satellite calibration, industrial data applications, future prospects, and conclusion. 相似文献
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GIS技术下的地理信息共享表现为GIS数据共享,在研究GIS数据共享时,是以最终实现地理信息共享为目的的。为达到这一目的,首先必须解决数据本身的共享问题,其次要解决数据所表达的语义的共享问题。探讨了构建基于GML(Geography Markup Language)的顾及语义的空间数据交换标准,并利用这一标准进行数据转换从而实现GIS语义共享。 相似文献